Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of intangible cultural heritage in the three provinces of Northeast China

Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of intangible cultural heritage in the three provinces of Northeast China | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of intangible cultural heritage in the three provinces of Northeast China Zhang Yue, Ren Guangming, Zhang Shu, Chen Yubo, Qi Xiaoyi, Zhang Yingli, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6488619/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Northeast China, comprising Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning provinces, is a culturally rich region with a wide range of national-level intangible cultural heritage (ICH) resources. This study examines the spatial distribution patterns and influencing mechanisms of 173 ICH items across the three provinces. By employing ArcGIS-based spatial analysis techniques—including kernel density estimation, average nearest neighbor analysis, and both global and local spatial autocorrelation (Moran’s I and LISA)—the study reveals key insights into spatial clustering and diffusion of ICH. The results indicate that: (1) the overall distribution of ICH exhibits a “core–periphery” structure characterized by high-density clusters and widespread low-density areas, with the greatest concentration observed in Liaoning and a more dispersed pattern in Heilongjiang; (2) different ICH categories display varied spatial patterns—performing arts and folklore tend to cluster, while traditional medicine and crafts are more scattered; (3) population density, ethnic composition, geographical environment, and resource endowment are identified as major factors influencing spatial distribution, with population centers more likely to form cultural clusters; (4) the spatial analytical approach provides multi-scalar insights into regional cultural dynamics, offering valuable support for ICH protection, spatial planning, and sustainable cultural development in Northeast China.Type or paste your abstract here. Social science/Anthropology Social science/Geography intangible cultural heritage spatial distribution kernel density analysis nearest neighbor moran’s I northeast China Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 13 Mar, 2026 Reviews received at journal 19 Jan, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 14 Jan, 2026 Reviews received at journal 14 Jul, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 14 Jul, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 09 Jul, 2025 Editor invited by journal 15 Jun, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 15 Jun, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 30 May, 2025 First submitted to journal 20 Apr, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6488619","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":446965651,"identity":"102f0d47-b941-414f-8816-9025aa4e98df","order_by":0,"name":"Zhang Yue","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA7klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJACZhDBz97Y+ABI8/ARrUWy5/BhA5AWNqK1GNxIS5MAMQhqMbiRfPhzQc0du5kzcswqv+bYybAxMD98dAOvlrQE4xnHniX387wxuy27LRnoMDZj4xy8WnIMgMoOJ0u255jdltzGDNTCwyaNX0v+h8M8/w4nGxzIMSuW3FZPjJYcxmbetsN2BifS0hg/bjtMWIvkmWfGzLx9hxNAgSzNuO04DxszAb/wHU9+/Jnn22F7UFR+/LmtGshofvgYnxaFAxA6sQFIMPOAmMx4lIOAfAOEtgcRjD8IqB4Fo2AUjIKRCQD5KUyrUitVuAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Daqing Normal University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhang","middleName":"","lastName":"Yue","suffix":""},{"id":446965652,"identity":"263bf4fb-9e89-47ae-9845-dda7fc6e97e0","order_by":1,"name":"Ren Guangming","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Daqing Normal University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ren","middleName":"","lastName":"Guangming","suffix":""},{"id":446965653,"identity":"a5a300f4-0027-4ef5-9bdf-b9839c921238","order_by":2,"name":"Zhang Shu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhang","middleName":"","lastName":"Shu","suffix":""},{"id":446965654,"identity":"0bc0a533-5691-4978-8220-a9ba099225fe","order_by":3,"name":"Chen Yubo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Daqing Normal University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Chen","middleName":"","lastName":"Yubo","suffix":""},{"id":446965655,"identity":"d83e6cd4-661f-423a-ab58-356db5f9944a","order_by":4,"name":"Qi Xiaoyi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Zhejiang Conservatory of Music","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Qi","middleName":"","lastName":"Xiaoyi","suffix":""},{"id":446965656,"identity":"5d02dac0-cd72-48d1-9dcc-249482166c6e","order_by":5,"name":"Zhang Yingli","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Daqing Normal University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhang","middleName":"","lastName":"Yingli","suffix":""},{"id":446965657,"identity":"914faec0-6fd0-41c5-b995-82eb5a3aa65d","order_by":6,"name":"Yang Shuai","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Liaoning University of International Business and Economics","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yang","middleName":"","lastName":"Shuai","suffix":""},{"id":446965658,"identity":"bfad113b-139f-49c6-94e6-ceeae05e1815","order_by":7,"name":"Yu Dong","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yu","middleName":"","lastName":"Dong","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-04-20 09:53:15","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6488619/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6488619/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":81502402,"identity":"fa3415b3-3675-41f0-8c5c-b1b97ae08b78","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-04-28 04:26:47","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":815611,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SpatialdistributioncharacteristicsandinfluencingfactorsofintangibleculturalheritageinthethreeprovincesofNortheastChina.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6488619/v1_covered_10aeba8f-bf0e-48a0-ad37-b3351abd406d.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of intangible cultural heritage in the three provinces of Northeast China","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"humanities-and-social-sciences-communications","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"palcomms","sideBox":"Learn more about [Humanities \u0026 Social Sciences Communications](http://www.nature.com/palcomms/)","snPcode":"41599","submissionUrl":"https://submission.springernature.com/new-submission/41599/3","title":"Humanities and Social Sciences Communications","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Nature AJ","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"intangible cultural heritage, spatial distribution, kernel density analysis, nearest neighbor, moran’s I, northeast China","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6488619/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6488619/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eNortheast China, comprising Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning provinces, is a culturally rich region with a wide range of national-level intangible cultural heritage (ICH) resources. This study examines the spatial distribution patterns and influencing mechanisms of 173 ICH items across the three provinces. By employing ArcGIS-based spatial analysis techniques\u0026mdash;including kernel density estimation, average nearest neighbor analysis, and both global and local spatial autocorrelation (Moran\u0026rsquo;s I and LISA)\u0026mdash;the study reveals key insights into spatial clustering and diffusion of ICH. The results indicate that: (1) the overall distribution of ICH exhibits a \u0026ldquo;core\u0026ndash;periphery\u0026rdquo; structure characterized by high-density clusters and widespread low-density areas, with the greatest concentration observed in Liaoning and a more dispersed pattern in Heilongjiang; (2) different ICH categories display varied spatial patterns\u0026mdash;performing arts and folklore tend to cluster, while traditional medicine and crafts are more scattered; (3) population density, ethnic composition, geographical environment, and resource endowment are identified as major factors influencing spatial distribution, with population centers more likely to form cultural clusters; (4) the spatial analytical approach provides multi-scalar insights into regional cultural dynamics, offering valuable support for ICH protection, spatial planning, and sustainable cultural development in Northeast China.Type or paste your abstract here.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of intangible cultural heritage in the three provinces of Northeast China","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-04-28 04:10:41","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6488619/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2026-03-13T16:18:57+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-01-19T06:51:47+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"226025160798507107662598891235277129035","date":"2026-01-14T12:17:39+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-07-14T21:49:11+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"241090819257901955238296935962270747716","date":"2025-07-14T14:26:12+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-07-10T01:53:59+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2025-06-15T04:55:54+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-06-15T04:48:46+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-05-30T10:08:38+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Humanities and Social Sciences Communications","date":"2025-04-20T09:44:20+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"humanities-and-social-sciences-communications","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"palcomms","sideBox":"Learn more about [Humanities \u0026 Social Sciences Communications](http://www.nature.com/palcomms/)","snPcode":"41599","submissionUrl":"https://submission.springernature.com/new-submission/41599/3","title":"Humanities and Social Sciences Communications","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Nature AJ","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"916a3340-92fe-4bd0-95dc-6c5f47e57d00","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 28th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[{"id":47574762,"name":"Social science/Anthropology"},{"id":47574763,"name":"Social science/Geography"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-03-25T12:08:42+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-04-28 04:10:41","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6488619","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6488619","identity":"rs-6488619","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}