COVID-19 Infection With Humoral Immunodeficiency in Midwestern United States

Abstract Background: The coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) has infected many individuals worldwide and continues to pose a significant threat to those with weakened immune systems. A paucity of data exists evaluating the clinical outcomes of patients with humoral immunodeficiencies that contract COVID-19. Objective: To describe the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infections in patients with primary humoral immunodeficiency. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort review on 15 patients with a humoral immunodeficiency including Common Variable Immunodeficiency, Specific Antibody Deficiency, or unspecified hypogammaglobulinemia, who contracted COVID-19. Severity scores were determined to evaluate the clinical outcomes of these patients. Results: Of our 15-patient cohort, 33% of individuals with a humoral immunodeficiency infected with COVID-19 had a more severe disease, requiring hospitalization or resulting in death. COVID-19 mortality rate was found to be 7%. All 5 of our patients with more severe infection had at least 1 comorbidity. Conclusion: Within our cohort of humoral immunodeficient patients infected with COVID-19 we found a higher rate of severe infections and worse clinical outcomes.