Role of Laparoscopy in Evaluation of Primary Infertility

Shamim Akhtar, Naila Nasr Malik, Asma Amin Baig, Humaira Bibi, Rizwana Nasreen, Marghalara
In: Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences · 2022 · vol. 16(5) , pp. 67–68 · doi:10.53350/pjmhs2216567 · W4281766076
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-12 ⓘ

This study evaluated 140 primary infertility patients via laparoscopy and found Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), tubal factors, and fibroids to be the most frequent causes.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-12 · read from full text ⓘ

This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated medically fit women with primary infertility who had regular unprotected intercourse for at least one year and normal semen analysis, using laparoscopy from July 2020 to December 2021 in Peshawar. Among 140 of 210 patients with primary infertility, laparoscopy showed normal findings in 36, while the most common abnormal findings were PCOs (44; 31.4%), tubal factor (23; 16.4%), and fibroids (14; 10%), followed by pelvic adhesions (10; 7%), simple ovarian cysts (4; 2.5%), and PID (3; 2%); endometriosis was reported in 6 cases (4.3%). The main limitation explicitly stated in the article text is the retrospective design, and no prior surgeries were included due to exclusion criteria. Relevance to endometriosis: endometriosis was directly reported among laparoscopic findings in primary infertility (6 cases; 4.3%), though the study’s primary focus is mapping causes of primary female-factor infertility using laparoscopy rather than endometriosis specifically.

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Abstract

Background: Most of the couples conceive during first year of marriage and majority of the rest conceive during the second year. Few misfortune couples unable to conceive. Female factor are most common. Laparoscopy is a useful tool to evaluate female factor of infertility. Aim: To find out the frequency of common causes of primary infertility in females undergoing laparoscopy. Method: This is a retro respective cross sectional study, conducted in Health Care Centre (pvt) Ltd, Peshawar from July 2020-December 2021.All medically fit females having regular unprotected intercourse for at least one year and normal semen analysis report presented with infertility underwent laparoscopy after taking informed consent. Females with previous surgeries were excluded. Data was collected. Frequency and percentages of different causes of infertility calculated. Data was analyzed on SPSS. Result: Primary infertility was seen in 140 out of 210 patients. Among primary infertility 36 patients had normal laparoscopic finding. The common finding were PCOs 44 (31.4%), tubal factor, 23 (16.4%), fibroid 14 (10%), pelvic adhesions 10(7%), endometriosis 6 (4.3%), simple ovarian cyst 4(2.5%) & PID 3(2%). Conclusion: Life style modification should be advised at early ages. Laparoscopy has a beneficial role in evaluation of primary infertility. Keywords: Primary infertility, laparoscopy, conceive,
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Background

Most of the couples conceive during first year of marriage and majority of the rest conceive during the second year. Few misfortune couples unable to conceive. Female factor are most common. Laparoscopy is a useful tool to evaluate female factor of infertility. Aim: To find out the frequency of common causes of primary infertility in females undergoing laparoscopy.

Method

This is a retro respective cross sectional study, conducted in Health Care Centre (pvt) Ltd, Peshawar from July 2020-December 2021.All medically fit females having regular unprotected intercourse for at least one year and normal semen analysis report presented with infertility underwent laparoscopy after taking informed consent. Females with previous surgeries were excluded. Data was collected. Frequency and percentages of different causes of infertility calculated. Data was analyzed on SPSS.

Result

Primary infertility was seen in 140 out of 210 patients. Among primary infertility 36 patients had normal laparoscopic finding. The common finding were PCOs 44 (31.4%), tubal factor, 23 (16.4%), fibroid 14 (10%), pelvic adhesions 10(7%), endometriosis 6 (4.3%), simple ovarian cyst 4(2.5%) & PID 3(2%).

Conclusion

Life style modification should be advised at early ages. Laparoscopy has a beneficial role in evaluation of primary infertility.

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endometriosisinfertility

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