Application of natural astaxanthin from Haematococcus Pluvialis

Abstract Haematococcus Pluvialis, a freshwater microalgae, is renowned as a significant source of natural astaxanthin, an essential biological resource. This unicellular organism is known to contain over 5% astaxanthin, making it one of the most abundant sources. Astaxanthin levels in H. Pluvialis are elevated under growth conditions stressors such as high salinity, temperature, and light exposure. It is intriguing to observe that all astaxanthin molecules within the microalgae exhibit in a left-handed molecular configuration (3S, 3'S). This paper presented a comprehensive review on H. Pluvialis, focusing on its culture technology, astaxanthin extraction process, and derivative products. The aim is to facilitate and enhance the broader and more in-depth utilization of natural astaxanthin.