OmniCellAgent: Towards AI Co-Scientists for Scientific Discovery in Precision Medicine

ABSTRACT The convergence of large language models (LLMs), AI agents, and large-scale omic datasets—such as single-cell omics, marks the arrival of a critical inflection point in biomedical research, via autonomous data mining and novel hypothesis generation. However, there is no specifically designed agentic AI model that can systematically integrate large-scale single-cell (sc) RNAseq (covering diverse diseases and cell types), omic data analytic tools, accumulated biomedical knowledge, and literature search to facilitate autonomous scientific discovery in precision medicine. In this study, we develop a novel agentic AI, OmniCellAgent, to empower non-computational-expert users—such as patients and family members, clinicians, and wet-lab researchers—to conduct scRNA-seq data–driven biomedical research like experts, uncovering molecular disease mechanisms and identifying effective precision therapies. The code of omniCellAgent is publicly accessible at: https://fuhailiailab.github.io/. Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.