Labor Market Shocks, Parental Beliefs, and Children’s Socio-Emotional Development

Labor Market Shocks, Parental Beliefs, and Children’s Socio-Emotional Development | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Labor Market Shocks, Parental Beliefs, and Children’s Socio-Emotional Development Maria Josefina Baez, Gianna Claudia Giannelli, Lucia Mangiavacchi This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7252797/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This paper investigates how shifts in local labor markets influence maternal expectations about future support from their children, and how those expectations affect adolescents’ socio-emotional development. Using panel data from the Young Lives study in Peru (Rounds 4 and 5), the analysis exploits exogenous variation in female employment opportunities across departments through a shift-share instrument. Results show that improvements in women’s local labor demand reduce the likelihood that mothers expect emotional or financial support from their children in adulthood. These lower expectations are, in turn, associated with improved socio-emotional development among adolescents, captured through standardized indices of self-esteem, self-efficacy, peer relations, and pride. The findings suggest that economic expansion may relax intergenerational expectations of support, thereby reducing the psychological burdens placed on children. This study contributes to research on gendered labor shocks, parental beliefs, and the socio-emotional consequences of intergenerational dynamics, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, showing how economic change can influence child development through shifts in maternal expectations. Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7252797","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":502785230,"identity":"22d99a83-7710-4496-9641-c153376ef0e9","order_by":0,"name":"Maria Josefina Baez","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Florence","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Maria","middleName":"Josefina","lastName":"Baez","suffix":""},{"id":502785231,"identity":"c4e337f3-73a5-4c34-92ce-61e37bd6263b","order_by":1,"name":"Gianna Claudia Giannelli","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Florence","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gianna","middleName":"Claudia","lastName":"Giannelli","suffix":""},{"id":502785232,"identity":"e8a6a8ca-f745-42ce-916e-78e1eff8a3e6","order_by":2,"name":"Lucia Mangiavacchi","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"University of Perugia","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lucia","middleName":"","lastName":"Mangiavacchi","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-07-30 12:23:11","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7252797/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7252797/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":94729637,"identity":"8646b190-16fc-4975-a400-167d0e01c5cf","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-30 07:05:14","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":5007399,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"BGMParentalBeliefsPeru30072025.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7252797/v1_covered_350af3f9-afce-46ba-91ea-2e47ae4058cc.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Labor Market Shocks, Parental Beliefs, and Children’s Socio-Emotional Development","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7252797/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7252797/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"This paper investigates how shifts in local labor markets influence maternal expectations about future support from their children, and how those expectations affect adolescents’ socio-emotional development. 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