Fatigue trajectory during the first year of an inflammatory bowel disease diagnosis, results from the IBSEN III study

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Aass Holten, Tomm Bernklev, Randi Opheim, Bjørn C. Olsen, and 15 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7562844/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 12 Jan, 2026 Read the published version in Digestive Diseases and Sciences → Version 1 posted 7 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background Fatigue is common in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), but the pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Aims This study aimed to assess changes in fatigue prevalence during the first year after diagnosis and examine the association between disease course and substantial fatigue (SF) at the 1-year follow-up. Methods Adults with newly diagnosed CD or UC were recruited from the population-based IBSEN III cohort. Fatigue was assessed at diagnosis and the 1-year follow-up using the Fatigue Questionnaire. Associations between SF at the 1-year follow-up and disease-related factors were quantified using multivariate logistic regression adjusted for sex, age and comorbidities. Results In total, 596 patients were included (CD: 196, UC: 400). SF was present at both baseline and after one year of disease for 46.9% (n=92/196) and 40.5% (n=162/400) of patients with CD and UC, respectively. In CD, development of endoscopically non-passable stricture and/or surgically treated stricture within first year of disease (OR=4.52, 95%CI [1.61;12.68]), self-reported flares since diagnosis (OR=2.55, 95%CI [1.26;5.16]), female sex (OR=3.12, 95%CI [1.53;6.37]) and comorbidities (OR=4.05, 95%CI [1.89;8.69]) were independently associated with SF at the 1-year follow-up. In UC, SF was associated with current biological treatment (OR=5.14, 95%CI [1.56;16.96]), increasing Mayo endoscopic score at the 1-year follow-up (OR=1.54, 95%CI [1.01;2.35]), self-reported flares since diagnosis (OR=2.66, 95%CI [1.24;5.72]) and female sex (OR=2.20, 95%CI [1.06;4.57]). Conclusions Fatigue frequently persists through the first year after IBD diagnosis. Clinical factors reflecting a more severe disease course were associated with SF one year after diagnosis in both CD and UC. Inflammatory bowel disease ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease fatigue epidemiology Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 1. Introduction Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is an immune mediated inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract.( 1 ) Fatigue is among the most prevalent and burdensome symptoms experienced by patients with IBD, and current evidence suggests that the aetiology is multifactorial.( 2 – 4 ) While fatigue may be directly attributable to factors such malnutrition and anaemia, both potential consequences of IBD, these explain only a minority of cases in well-developed countries.( 5 ) Numerous studies have demonstrated a consistent association between fatigue and clinical disease activity indices, where a high symptom burden may adversely impact sleep and overall health-related quality of life.( 5 – 8 ) However, relatively few studies have previously examined the relationship between fatigue and objective disease markers, with findings demonstrating inconsistent associations, particularly in UC, and with an even more limited evidence base in CD.( 2 , 4 , 9 ) Emerging evidence suggests that fatigue in many patients with IBD may be driven by inflammatory processes and intestinal changes, including alterations in the microbiota and tryptophan metabolism.( 2 , 5 , 10 , 11 ) This study aimed to improve our understanding of fatigue in IBD by using clinical, biochemical, and endoscopic data from the first year following diagnosis in a population-based cohort representative of the adult IBD population in Norway. A longitudinal design was used to address limitations inherent in the more common cross-sectional studies. The primary objective was to assess the trajectory of fatigue among patients with IBD from the time of diagnosis to the 1-year follow-up and to estimate the likelihood for substantial and chronic fatigue after one year of disease based on the presence of substantial fatigue at diagnosis. A secondary objective was to identify which selected disease-related factors were associated with substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up, controlled for age, sex and comorbidities. All analyses were performed stratified by type of diagnosis. 2. Materials and Methods 2.1 Study design and population The Inflammatory Bowel Disease in South-Eastern Norway III study (the IBSEN III study) is a population-based observational cohort study (Clinical Trials ID: NCT02727959). Between 2017 and 2019, patients residing in the South-Eastern Health Region with suspected IBD were invited to participate in the IBSEN III study. The cohort structure and inclusion process have been described in detail elsewhere.( 12 ) For the present study, we included data from patients ≥ 18 years old at the time of diagnosis. Moreover, only participants with a definite diagnosis of UC or CD according to the Lennard-Jones criteria at the 1-year follow-up and available data on fatigue at both inclusion and after one year of disease were included in the analyses.( 13 ) 2.2 Data collection and handling At inclusion and the 1-year follow-up, study participants were invited to their local hospitals for a clinical interview, examination and blood samples, while the patient-reported outcome measures were collected electronically. Faecal calprotectin was analysed at a single study specific laboratory (Enzyme-linked immunoassay: Bühlmann Calprotectin ELISA EK-CAL; Bühlmann Laboratories AG, Switzerland) after collection of faecal samples at baseline and after 3, 6 and 12 months using a home-based sampling kit. At baseline, all patients underwent a colonoscopy with biopsy, and in patients with CD additional upper endoscopy, capsule endoscopy, and radiology (Intestinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)/Computed Tomography (CT)) were performed when clinically indicated. For the 1-year follow-up, endoscopy and radiology were performed if clinically indicated. Due to the covid-19 pandemic, the window for conducting the 1-year follow-up for patients diagnosed in 2019 was extended from 1 year −/+3 months to 1 year − 3/+12 months. 2.3 Disease activity The Montreal Classification system was used to classify disease location and behaviour for CD.( 14 , 15 ) A surgically treated stricture and/or endoscopically non-passable stricture (simple endoscopic score for CD (SES-CD)) were defined as a severe intestinal stricture.( 16 ) In UC, Montreal Classification system was used to classify extension of disease, while endoscopic activity was graded using the Mayo endoscopic sub-score and analysed as a continuous variable (scale: 0–3).( 14 , 17 ) C-reactive protein ≥ 5 mg/L and faecal calprotectin > 250 µg/g were considered elevated and indicative of active inflammation.( 18 , 19 ) Anaemia was defined as a haemoglobin level of < 13 g/dL for males and < 12 g/dL for females [World Health Organization definition].( 20 ) 2.4 Comorbidities Comorbidities were patient reported and for the purpose of this study defined in the same manner as the Trondelag Health Study (HUNT) database,( 21 ) including professionally treated psychological problems, migraine, atopic eczema, COPD, asthma, hyper- or hypothyroidism, heart disease, atrial fibrillation, previous cerebral insult, psoriasis, kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and/or podagra. 2.5 The Fatigue Questionnaire (FQ) Fatigue was evaluated using the Fatigue Questionnaire (FQ), a generic patient reported outcome measurement (PROM) developed by Chalder et al. in 1993.( 22 ) The questionnaire has been translated and validated in Norwegian.( 23 ) The FQ is divided into two dimensions, physical fatigue (question 1–7) and mental fatigue (question 8–11). Responses are scored on a Likert scale ranging from 0 to 3. The total fatigue score is obtained when summarizing these responses, where a higher score implies a greater level of fatigue (maximum total score of 33). Further, the scale may be dichotomized into 0 (score 0–1) and 1 (score 2–3). Substantial fatigue (SF) is defined as a dichotomized score ≥ 4. Chronic fatigue (CF) is defined as substantial fatigue lasting ≥ 6 months.( 22 ) 2.6 Statistical analysis Patient characteristics were presented stratified by type of diagnosis and subdivided into patients with and without substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up. Categorical data were presented as counts and percentages. Continuous variables were described with median and interquartile range (IQR) or ranges for consistency due to skewed distribution for the majority of variables in the subgroups. The proportions of missing data are not displayed in the patient characteristics table for variables with < 5% missing data for all subcategories. Crude differences between patients with and without substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up stratified by diagnosis were assessed using chi-square test (χ2) for pairs of categorical variables and Mann-Whitney-U test for pairs of continuous variables that were not normally distributed. The normality assumption was assessed using graphical presentations of the variables (histograms) combined with the Shapiro-Wilk’s test. Univariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to assess the associated odds between substantial fatigue at the time of diagnosis and substantial or chronic fatigue at the 1-year follow-up compared to those without fatigue at baseline. SankeyMATIC was used to create the figures to illustrate the fatigue trajectory with changes in the proportions of chronic, substantial and no fatigue from baseline to the 1-year follow-up stratified by diagnosis. Chi-square test (χ2) was used to compare the distribution of fatigue (chronic fatigue, substantial fatigue and absence of fatigue) between diagnoses (CD or UC) at baseline and the 1-year follow-up. Associations between substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up and disease-related factors collected from baseline to the 1-year follow-up, were assessed using a multivariate binary logistic regression model with backward elimination mode (Wald). The analyses were stratified by diagnosis (CD or UC) and adjusted for sex, age and the presence of comorbidities. The results were expressed as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Only variables with p-values ≤ 0.1 in the univariate regression analyses were included in the multivariate regression model. To assess generalizability of our results to the original IBD patient population in IBSEN III, Mann-Whitney-U and Chi-square test (χ2) were performed to compare the selected sociodemographic and clinical data for those with and without available FQ data. P-values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. All analyses were considered exploratory so no correction for multiple testing was done. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 28 and STATA/SE 16.0, both for Windows. 3. Results 3.1 Study population A total of 596 out of 1370 (43.5%) patients with a definite diagnosis of CD or UC at the 1-year follow-up were included in the study (CD: 196 (32.9%), UC: 400 (67.1%)). The inclusion process is illustrated in Figure 1. Compared to patients without available FQ data, those with complete FQ data were significantly younger (median age difference of 6 years) and had fewer IBD-related hospitalisations prior to the 1-year follow-up (7.4% vs. 11.1%). No other significant differences in sociodemographic or disease-related characteristics were observed between the two groups. Patient characteristics at the 1-year follow-up, stratified by diagnosis and presence of substantial fatigue, are presented in Table 1. The most frequently reported comorbidities at the 1-year follow-up were professionally treated psychological problems, migraine, atopic eczema, psoriasis and/or asthma, each with a proportion between 10 and 20%, where substantial fatigue were significantly more often present for patients with psychological comorbidity, migraine and/or atopic eczema. Patient-reported subjective disease activity during the first year after diagnosis differed significantly between those with and without substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up (CD: p<0.001/UC: p<0.001) (Figure 2). The proportion of patients with chronic continuous or intermittent symptoms was notably higher among patients with substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up (CD: n=47/185 (25.4%), UC: n=75/365 (20.3%)) compared to those without substantial fatigue (CD: n=17/185 (9.2%), UC: n=29/369 (7.9%)). 3.2 Fatigue trajectory through the first year of disease The proportion of patients with substantial fatigue at the time of diagnosis declined from 66.3% (n=130/196) and 60.0% (n=240/400), to 54.6% (n=107/196) and 50.0% (n=200/200) at the 1-year follow-up in CD and UC patients, respectively. Substantial fatigue was present at both baseline and after one year of disease for 46.9% (n=92/196) and 40.5% (n=162/400) of patients with CD and UC, respectively. Among patients with substantial fatigue at baseline, 19.4% (n=38/196) of those with CD and 19.5% (n=78/400) of those with UC, no longer reported substantial fatigue after one year. Conversely, only 7.7% (n=15/196) of patients with CD and 9.5% (n=38/400) of patients with UC developed substantial fatigue during the follow-up period. Fatigue trajectories stratified by diagnosis are illustrated in Figure 3 and did not significantly differ between CD and UC (p>0.1). Regardless of diagnosis, patients with substantial fatigue at diagnosis had significantly higher odds for both substantial and chronic fatigue at the 1-year follow-up compared to those without substantial fatigue at baseline (Supplementary table 1). 3.3 Prognostic factors for substantial fatigue one year after diagnosis After one year of disease, the development of a severe intestinal stricture (endoscopically non-passable stricture and/or surgically treated stricture) during the first year (OR=4.52, 95% CI [1.61;12.68]), self-reported disease flare since diagnosis (OR=2.55, 95% CI [1.26; 5.16]), female sex (OR=3.12, 95% CI [1.53; 6.37]) and the presence of one or more comorbidities at the 1-year follow-up (OR=4.05, 95% CI [1.89; 8.69]) were all independently associated with substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up in patients with CD (Table 2). Among patients with UC, current biological treatment (OR=5.14, 95% CI [1.56; 16.96]), increasing Mayo endoscopic score (scale: 0-3) at the 1-year follow-up (OR=1.54, 95% CI [1.01; 2.35]), self-reported disease flare since diagnosis (OR=2.66, 95% CI [1.24; 5.72]) and female sex (OR=2.20, 95% CI [1.06; 4.57]) were all independently associated with substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up (Table 3). 4. Discussion In this study we observed, consistent with the findings of prior non-inception cohorts, that the proportion of patients with CD and UC with and without substantial fatigue were relatively stable during the first year after diagnosis.( 24 – 26 ) Among patients with substantial fatigue at baseline, approximately 20% experienced symptom resolution within the 1-year follow-up. Conversely, fewer than 10% of patients without substantial fatigue at baseline developed such symptoms within the first year. These patterns were supported by the significantly increased odds for both substantial and chronic fatigue at one year in those who had substantial fatigue at diagnosis. Of the selected possible predictive factors for substantial fatigue analysed in this study, clinical indicators of severe disease, such as severe stricturing disease in CD and biological therapy in UC, were independently associated with the highest odds for substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up. Other factors independently associated with substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up included self-reported disease flare and female sex (in both UC and CD), a higher mayo endoscopic score (UC) and comorbidities (CD). The revealed association between substantial fatigue and self-reported disease flares and the predominance of chronic continuous or intermittent symptoms in patients with substantial fatigue after one year of disease, aligns with previous longitudinal studies linking persistent symptom burden to ongoing fatigue.( 8 , 26 ) This reinforces the well-established relation between clinical disease activity and fatigue, commonly reported in cross-sectional studies.( 4 , 9 ) Notably, in patients with UC, a higher Mayo endoscopic score was independently associated with fatigue, both at diagnosis and the 1-year follow-up, underscoring the role of intestinal inflammation in fatigue.( 27 ) In CD, severe intestinal strictures were independently associated with substantial fatigue. Interestingly, unspecified strictures, neither in our study or previous studies, have shown an association with fatigue.( 2 , 8 ) The role of stricturing disease behaviour for fatigue remains to be clarified. As expected, the proportion of patients with penetrating disease behaviour was low during the first year after diagnosis but was more frequent among fatigued patients, consistent with prior observational findings.( 8 , 15 ) In the IBSEN III study, among patients with IBD in endoscopic remission, chronic fatigue was previously found to be independently associated with infliximab treatment and sleep disturbances.( 28 ) In the current analysis, however, biological therapy was associated with substantial fatigue only in patients with UC. For patients with CD, no such association was observed. In our cohort and in line with treatment guidelines, almost 50% of the patients with CD where currently treated with biologics, while this was only the case for 14% of patients with UC.( 29 , 30 ) Hence, the association between fatigue and biological treatment in UC likely reflects a preceding severe disease course. Current evidence suggests that biological therapy may reduce fatigue indirectly by mitigating IBD-related inflammation.( 2 , 31 – 34 ) Approximately 60% of patients with at least one comorbidity reported substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up. In CD, comorbidities were independently associated with substantial fatigue regardless of IBD activity and severity. Particularly co-existing psychological problems were of relevance, with almost 80% of these patients experiencing substantial fatigue regardless of IBD subtype. This is consistent with established evidence that depression and anxiety, whether or not comorbid with IBD, are associated with elevated fatigue levels.( 2 , 35 , 36 ) Consistent with prior studies, female sex was independently associated with substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up, regardless of diagnosis.( 35 , 37 ) As shown in prior IBSEN III publications, sex was no longer significant when analysed alongside self-reported symptoms of anxiety and depression.( 27 , 28 ) This may reflect on the sex-related difference in both prevalence and reporting of such symptoms.( 35 , 38 , 39 ) Our study is not without limitations. A response rate of 43.5% for the Fatigue Questionnaire at both baseline and follow-up introduces the possibility of selection bias. However, the study population was generally representative for the broader IBSEN III cohort, except for age and a higher frequency of hospitalizations, indicating a greater frequency of a more severe disease course among the excluded patients. Further, the missing data on faecal samples and endoscopic examinations for the 1-year follow-up might have led to selection bias. Additionally, because of limitations in the Montreal classification, a non-standardized definition of stricturing disease in CD was used.( 14 , 40 ) In conclusion, fatigue may be expected to persevere after one year of disease if present at the time of diagnosis. A more severe disease course and higher symptom burden throughout the first year after diagnosis were associated with substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up. Female sex and comorbidities (in CD) were also associated with substantial fatigue, reflecting the relevance of a co-existing burden for the presence of fatigue in patients living with IBD. Declarations Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank all members of the IBSEN III study group, including the study nurses, local study personnel and the local principal investigators: A. Sagosen, A. Haslund, C.M. Ystrøm, J. Pallenschat, O. Høie, T. Tønnessen and Ø. Asak who have contributed to the enrolment of patients and collection of patient data in the IBSEN III study. The authors also thank the Unger-Vetlesen Institute for analysing the faecal samples. Funding statement This work was supported by funding from the Østfold Hospital Trust (Project number AB3526). In addition, the IBSEN III study was supported by an investigator-initiated research grant from Takeda Pharmaceuticals and non-restricted research grants from Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, Tillotts Pharma, the Dam Foundation, and the Southeastern Health Authorities in Norway. The funding bodies played no role in the design of the study; collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; or writing of the manuscript. Conflict of interest statement T.B, R.O, B.C.O, I.J, M.B.B, T.B.A, R.T, M.Ha, Ø.H, R.B, M.He, G.H.H, L.P.J.J and K.A.H. declare that they have no conflicts of interest. T.E.D: Served as a speaker, consultant or advisory board member for AbbVie, Ferring, Johnson&Johnsen, Pfizer, Pharmacosmos, Takeda, Tillotts, and Vifor Pharma. He has received unrestricted research grants from AbbVie, and Pharmacosmos. S.O.F: Personal fees from Takeda, Galapagos, Jansen-Cilag, Abbvie, Pharmacosmos and Bristol-Myers-Squibb. V.S: Sponsored by funds from Takeda. V.A.K: Consultant for Janssen-Cilag, scientific advisory board and consultant for Takeda, speaker for Thermo Fischer, advisory board for Tillotts Pharma. M.L.H: Investigator-initiated research grants from Takeda, Pfizer, Tilllotts, Ferring and Janssen. Speaker honoraria from Takeda, Tillotts, Ferring, AbbVie, Galapagos, MSD and Meda. Advisory board for Takeda, Galapagos, MSD, Lilly, Janssen, Pfizer and AbbVie. Authors’ contributions M.L.H, G.H.H, R.O, S.O.F, T.E.D, V.A.K, T.B, L.P.J.J, and K.A.H. conceived and designed the study. M.L.H, G.H.H, R.O, B.C.O, I.J, T.E.D, V.S, M.B.B, T.B.A, R.T, Ø.H, R.B, S.O.F, V.A.K, M.He. and K.A.H. participated in patient data collection. M.Ha., L.P.J.J. and K.A.H. analysed and interpreted the results. T.B, M.He, G.H.H, L.P.J.J. and K.A.H. drafted the manuscript. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript and critically reviewed the final version for important intellectual content and provided consent for its publication. Ethics approval statement The IBSEN III study was approved by the Southeast Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics (Ref 2015/946-3). 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Tables Table 1: Patient characteristics CD (n=196) UC (n=400) SF 1y No SF 1y p-value SF 1y No SF 1y p-value Age, years (median (range)) 37 (18-76) 44 (18-72) 0.25 40 (18-82) 42 (18-80) 0.27 Sex (n (%)) <0.001 <0.001 Female 77 (65.3) 41 (34.7) 112 (60.2) 74 (39.8) Male 30 (38.5) 48 (61.5) 88 (41.1) 126 (58.9) Comorbidity 1y* (n (%)) 81 (65.3) 43 (34.7) <0.001 129 (57.3) 96 (42.7) <0.001 Psychological comorbidity 27 (79.4) 7 (20.6) 0.001 47 (77.0) 14 (23.0) <0.001 Atopic eczema 21 (80.8) 5 (19.2) 0.004 28 (57.1) 21 (42.9) 0.29 Migraine 24 (64.9) 13 (35.1) 0.14 36 (63.2) 21 (36.8) 0.03 Disease characteristics: Faecal calprotectin 1y (µg/g) (median/IQR) 192/327 200/335 0.94 126/499 71/107 0.015 Faecal calprotectin ≤250µg/g at 3m/6m and 1y (n (%)) 32 (58.2) 23 (41.8) 0.22 60 (42.3) 82 (57.7) <0.001 Missing (n (%)) 35 (32.7) 22 (24.7) 59 (29.5) 69 (34.5) C-reactive protein 1y (mg/L) (median/IQR) 3.8/7.9 2.2/3.7 0.04 2.0/4.0 1.7/3.0 0.29 C-reactive protein ≥ 5mg/L 1y (n (%)) 29 (67.4) 14 (32.6) 0.04 36 (57.1) 27 (42.9) 0.31 Missing (n (%)) 12 (11.2) 8 (9.0) 21 (10.5) 30 (15.0) Haemoglobin 1y (g/dL) (median (range)) 13.9 (10.6-16.3) 14.5 (11.7-17.5) 0.006 14.2 (9.4-17.4) 14.7 (10.4-17.3) 0.025 Anaemia 1y** (n (%)) 3 (50.0) 3 (50.0) 0.80 11 (61.1) 7 (38.9) 0.39 Missing (n (%)) 7 (6.5) 7 (7.9) 19 (9.5) 28 (14.0) Subjective disease flares within 1. year (n (%)) 57 (68.7) 26 (31.3) <0.001 120 (60.9) 77 (39.1) <0.001 IBD-related hospitalization within 1. year (n (%)) 14 (82.4) 3 (17.6) 0.016 18 (66.7) 9 (33.3) 0.08 IBD-related surgery (including perianal) within 1. year (n (%)) 11 (68.8) 5 (31.3) 0.24 1 (50.0) 1 (50.0) 1.0 Montreal location of disease 1y (n (%)) 0.74 L1: Ileal 51 (56.0) 40 (44.0) L2: Colonic 17 (58.6) 12 (41.4) L3: Ileocolonic 39 (51.3) 37 (48.7) Montreal disease behaviour 1y (n (%)) B1: Non-stricturing, non-penetrating 77 (55.4) 62 (44.6) 0.88 B2: Stricturing 20 (51.3) 19 (48.7) 0.53 B3: Penetrating (intra-abdominal) 1 (100) 0 (0) 0.37 B3p: Penetrating (perianal) 10 (71.4) 4 (28.6) 0.19 1 (50.0) 1 (50.0) 1.0 Severe intestinal stricture*** with or without abscess/fistula formation within 1. year (n (%)) 23 (69.7) 10 (30.3) 0.08 Montreal extent of disease 1y (n (%)) 0.32 Normal 48 (47.5) 53 (52.5) Proctitis 32 (58.2) 23 (41.8) Left sided colitis 20 (64.5) 11 (35.5) Extensive colitis 23 (51.1) 22 (48.9) Mayo endoscopic score 1y (n (%)) 0.24 0: Normal 50 (47.6) 55 (52.4) 1: Mild 28 (50.9) 27 (49.1) 2: Moderate 38 (61.3) 24 (38.7) 3: Severe 7 (70.0) 3 (30.0) Mayo endoscopic score 3 + extensive colitis 1y (n (%)) 2 (50.0) 2 (50.0) 0.9 Missing (n (%)) 77 (38.5) 91 (45.5) Mayo endoscopic score 3 + extensive colitis 0y (n (%)) 17 (44.7) 21 (55.3) 0.51 Medical treatment at the 1-year follow-up: Missing (n (%)) 6 (5.6) 8 (9.0) 2 (1.0) 4 (2.0) 5-ASA (n (%)) 10 (52.6) 9 (47.4) 0.79 153 (48.9) 160 (51.1) 0.28 Budesonide (oral/local) (n (%)) 12 (63.2) 7 (36.8) 0.48 4 (40.0) 6 (60.0) 0.51 Azathioprine (n (%)) 28 (56.0) 22 (44.0) 0.93 24 (72.7) 9 (27.3) 0.007 Methotrexate (n (%)) 7 (70.0) 3 (30.0) 0.34 3 (75.0) 1 (25.0) 0.32 Biologic (n (%)) 51 (58.0) 37 (42.0) 0.52 41 (74.5) 14 (25.5) <0.001 Infliximab (n (%)) 30 (60.0) 20 (40.0) 0.45 17 (73.9) 6 (26.1) 0.019 Adalimumab (n (%)) 19 (59.4) 13 (40.6) 0.63 16 (72.7) 6 (27.3) 0.03 Vedolizumab (n (%)) 2 (40.0) 3 (60.0) 0.48 6 (75.0) 2 (25.0) 0.16 ≥ 2 different biologics within 1. year 2 (40.0) 3 (60.0) 0.48 10 (83.3) 2 (16.7) 0.02 Steroid treatment (IV/oral/local) during 1. year 40 (58.8) 28 (41.2) 0.49 78 (63.9) 44 (36.1) <0.001 Abbreviations and table legends: CD: Crohn’s disease. UC: Ulcerative colitis. SF: Substantial fatigue. 0y: At diagnosis/baseline. 1y: At 1-year follow-up. L1-3: Location. B1-3: Behaviour. *Psychological problems, migraine, atopic eczema, COPD, asthma, hyper- and hypothyroidism, heart disease, atrial fibrillation, previous cerebral insult, psoriasis, kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and/or podagra. **Haemoglobin level of <13 g/dL for males and <12 g/dL. (18) *** Severe intestinal stricture: Endoscopically non-passable stricture and/or surgically treated stricture. Table 2: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression of selected clinical factors on substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up for patients with CD CD Univariate Multivariate n OR 95% CI p-value OR 95% CI p-value Sex (ref. male) 196 3.01 1.66; 5.44 40 years) 196 1.45 0.82; 2.55 0.20 Comorbidity 1y (ref. no comorbidity 1y) 196 3.33 1.82; 6.11 <0.001 4.05 1.89; 8.69 <0.001 Self-reported flare within 1. Year (ref. no flare) 195 2.82 1.55; 5.11 250µg/g at 3m/6m and/or 1y) 139 1.53 0.77; 3.04 0.22 C-reactive protein ≥ 5mg/L 1y (ref. <5mg/L) 176 2.10 1.02; 4.33 0.044 1.76 0.76; 4.12 0.19 Non-stricturing, non-penetrating disease through the 1. Year (B1) (ref. B2 or B3 within 1. year) 192 0.95 0.50; 1.80 0.88 Stricturing disease within 1. Year (B2) (ref. B1 or B3 within 1. year) 192 0.80 0.40; 1.62 0.53 Penetrating disease within 1. Year (B3) (ref. B1 or B2 within 1. year) 194 2.24 0.68; 7.40 0.19 Severe intestinal stricture with or without abscess/fistula formation within 1. year (ref. absence of severe intestinal stricture) 186 2.04 0.91; 4.58 0.08 4.52 1.61; 12.68 0.004 IBD-related hospitalization within 1. year (ref. no hospitalization) 196 4.32 1.20; 15.54 0.025 2.94 0.64; 13.53 0.17 Steroid treatment within 1. year (ref. no steroid treatment after diagnosis) 182 1.24 0.68; 2.28 0.49 Biologic treatment 1y (ref. no biological treatment at 1y) 182 1.21 0.68; 2.18 0.52 Multivariate: 167 Abbreviations and table legends: CD: Crohn’s disease. UC: Ulcerative colitis. n: number of patients included in analysis. 1y: At 1-year follow-up. *Severe intestinal stricture: Endoscopically non-passable stricture and/or surgically treated stricture. Table 3: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression of selected clinical factors on substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up for patients with UC UC Univariate Multivariate n OR 95% CI p-value OR 95% CI p-value Sex (ref. male) 400 2.17 1.45; 3.23 40 years) 400 1.27 0.86; 1.88 0.23 Comorbidity 1y (ref. no comorbidity 1y) 399 2.00 1.34; 2.98 <0.001 0.97 0.46; 2.03 0.97 Self-reported flare within 1. Year (ref. no flare) 394 2.33 1.55; 3.49 250µg/g at 3m/6m and/or 1y) 272 0.44 0.27; 0.72 0.001 1.51 0.66; 3.48 0.33 C-reactive protein ≥ 5mg/L 1y (ref. <5mg/L) 349 1.33 0.77; 2.31 0.31 Montreal extent of disease 1y (scale: normal-extensive colitis (0-3)) 232 1.10 0.88; 1.38 0.40 Mayo endoscopic score 1y (scale: 0-3) 232 1.33 1.002; 1.76 0.048 1.54 1.01; 2.35 0.048 IBD-related hospitalization within 1. year (ref. no hospitalization) 395 2.07 0.91; 4.72 0.085 0.83 0.16; 4.17 0.82 Steroid treatment within 1. year (ref. no steroid treatment after diagnosis) 394 2.25 1.45; 3.49 <0.001 1.12 0.48; 2.64 0.79 Biologic treatment 1y (ref. no biological treatment at 1y) 394 3.40 1.78; 6.46 <0.001 5.14 1.56: 16.96 0.007 Multivariate: 152 Abbreviations and table legends: CD: Crohn’s disease. UC: Ulcerative colitis. N: number of patients included in analysis. 0y: At diagnosis/baseline. 1y: At 1-year follow-up. Additional Declarations Competing interest reported. T.B, R.O, B.C.O, I.J, M.B.B, T.B.A, R.T, M.Ha, Ø.H, R.B, M.He, G.H.H, L.P.J.J and K.A.H. declare that they have no conflicts of interest. T.E.D: Served as a speaker, consultant or advisory board member for AbbVie, Ferring, Johnson&Johnsen, Pfizer, Pharmacosmos, Takeda, Tillotts, and Vifor Pharma. He has received unrestricted research grants from AbbVie, and Pharmacosmos. S.O.F: Personal fees from Takeda, Galapagos, Jansen-Cilag, Abbvie, Pharmacosmos and Bristol-Myers-Squibb. V.S: Sponsored by funds from Takeda. V.A.K: Consultant for Janssen-Cilag, scientific advisory board and consultant for Takeda, speaker for Thermo Fischer, advisory board for Tillotts Pharma. M.L.H: Investigator-initiated research grants from Takeda, Pfizer, Tilllotts, Ferring and Janssen. Speaker honoraria from Takeda, Tillotts, Ferring, AbbVie, Galapagos, MSD and Meda. Advisory board for Takeda, Galapagos, MSD, Lilly, Janssen, Pfizer and AbbVie. 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1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":75343,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eInclusion process\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eFigure legend: Flow chart illustrating the inclusion process from the Inflammatory Bowel Disease in South-Eastern Norway III study (the IBSEN III study). Only patients ≥ 18 years old at the time of diagnosis with a definite diagnosis of Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) at the 1-year follow-up were eligible for inclusion. Patients without available data on the Fatigue Questionnaire (FQ) at both inclusion and after one year of disease were excluded from the analyses. IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease. IBD-U: Unclassified IBD.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7562844/v1/777491a19fa0be53d922a6bf.png"},{"id":92194415,"identity":"e01d20c0-cf97-4edd-9590-0571f5a80170","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-09-25 15:39:07","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":214518,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSubjective disease course through the first year after diagnosis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eFigure legend: The first year of disease illustrated by four different graphs reflecting the symptom burden defined by patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC). The proportion of patients for each category was stratified by patients with or without substantial fatigue (SF) at the 1-year follow up, presented with number of patients and percentages (n (%)).\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7562844/v1/2bf87e09506fa1beca59f87e.png"},{"id":92194412,"identity":"c43a7c26-1b22-41bb-a197-1a48beeb875e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-09-25 15:39:07","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":148076,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eFatigue trajectory throughout the first year of disease stratified by diagnosis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eFigure legend: Flow diagram showing the evolution of fatigue from the time of diagnosis (year 0) to the 1-year follow up (year 1), presented with percentages. Fatigue was divided into chronic fatigue (substantial fatigue with duration ≥6 months), presented at the top, substantial fatigue (duration of fatigue symptoms \u0026lt;6 months), presented in the middle and absence of fatigue (no substantial fatigue) presented at the bottom. The numbers presented as circles are the percentage of patients who changed fatigue category from year 0 to year 1, while the rounded squares are those who retained the same category.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7562844/v1/75a2a053f55f9d5c88511932.png"},{"id":100614377,"identity":"daff0864-22de-4ddc-84d0-6f3a98080387","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-01-19 17:19:40","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2025029,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7562844/v1/1e548819-6931-4518-a0a5-dcad0074521b.pdf"},{"id":92194411,"identity":"3bf05875-dcf2-4430-b291-957eb1d61b60","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-09-25 15:39:07","extension":"docx","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":17048,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Supplementarytable1.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7562844/v1/d0365f856868c3acc3d3f013.docx"}],"financialInterests":"Competing interest reported. T.B, R.O, B.C.O, I.J, M.B.B, T.B.A, R.T, M.Ha, Ø.H, R.B, M.He, G.H.H, L.P.J.J and K.A.H. declare that they have no conflicts of interest. T.E.D: Served as a speaker, consultant or advisory board member for AbbVie, Ferring, Johnson\u0026Johnsen, Pfizer, Pharmacosmos, Takeda, Tillotts, and Vifor Pharma. He has received unrestricted research grants from AbbVie, and Pharmacosmos. S.O.F: Personal fees from Takeda, Galapagos, Jansen-Cilag, Abbvie, Pharmacosmos and Bristol-Myers-Squibb. V.S: Sponsored by funds from Takeda. V.A.K: Consultant for Janssen-Cilag, scientific advisory board and consultant for Takeda, speaker for Thermo Fischer, advisory board for Tillotts Pharma. M.L.H: Investigator-initiated research grants from Takeda, Pfizer, Tilllotts, Ferring and Janssen. Speaker honoraria from Takeda, Tillotts, Ferring, AbbVie, Galapagos, MSD and Meda. Advisory board for Takeda, Galapagos, MSD, Lilly, Janssen, Pfizer and AbbVie.","formattedTitle":"Fatigue trajectory during the first year of an inflammatory bowel disease diagnosis, results from the IBSEN III study","fulltext":[{"header":"1. Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eInflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn\u0026rsquo;s disease (CD), is an immune mediated inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e) Fatigue is among the most prevalent and burdensome symptoms experienced by patients with IBD, and current evidence suggests that the aetiology is multifactorial.(\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR3\" citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e) While fatigue may be directly attributable to factors such malnutrition and anaemia, both potential consequences of IBD, these explain only a minority of cases in well-developed countries.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e) Numerous studies have demonstrated a consistent association between fatigue and clinical disease activity indices, where a high symptom burden may adversely impact sleep and overall health-related quality of life.(\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR6 CR7\" citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e) However, relatively few studies have previously examined the relationship between fatigue and objective disease markers, with findings demonstrating inconsistent associations, particularly in UC, and with an even more limited evidence base in CD.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e) Emerging evidence suggests that fatigue in many patients with IBD may be driven by inflammatory processes and intestinal changes, including alterations in the microbiota and tryptophan metabolism.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis study aimed to improve our understanding of fatigue in IBD by using clinical, biochemical, and endoscopic data from the first year following diagnosis in a population-based cohort representative of the adult IBD population in Norway. A longitudinal design was used to address limitations inherent in the more common cross-sectional studies. The primary objective was to assess the trajectory of fatigue among patients with IBD from the time of diagnosis to the 1-year follow-up and to estimate the likelihood for substantial and chronic fatigue after one year of disease based on the presence of substantial fatigue at diagnosis. A secondary objective was to identify which selected disease-related factors were associated with substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up, controlled for age, sex and comorbidities. All analyses were performed stratified by type of diagnosis.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2. Materials and Methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\u003ch2\u003e2.1 Study design and population\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe Inflammatory Bowel Disease in South-Eastern Norway III study (the IBSEN III study) is a population-based observational cohort study (Clinical Trials ID: NCT02727959). Between 2017 and 2019, patients residing in the South-Eastern Health Region with suspected IBD were invited to participate in the IBSEN III study. The cohort structure and inclusion process have been described in detail elsewhere.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor the present study, we included data from patients\u0026thinsp;\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;18 years old at the time of diagnosis. Moreover, only participants with a definite diagnosis of UC or CD according to the Lennard-Jones criteria at the 1-year follow-up and available data on fatigue at both inclusion and after one year of disease were included in the analyses.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\u003ch2\u003e2.2 Data collection and handling\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e At inclusion and the 1-year follow-up, study participants were invited to their local hospitals for a clinical interview, examination and blood samples, while the patient-reported outcome measures were collected electronically. Faecal calprotectin was analysed at a single study specific laboratory (Enzyme-linked immunoassay: B\u0026uuml;hlmann Calprotectin ELISA EK-CAL; B\u0026uuml;hlmann Laboratories AG, Switzerland) after collection of faecal samples at baseline and after 3, 6 and 12 months using a home-based sampling kit. At baseline, all patients underwent a colonoscopy with biopsy, and in patients with CD additional upper endoscopy, capsule endoscopy, and radiology (Intestinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)/Computed Tomography (CT)) were performed when clinically indicated. For the 1-year follow-up, endoscopy and radiology were performed if clinically indicated. Due to the covid-19 pandemic, the window for conducting the 1-year follow-up for patients diagnosed in 2019 was extended from 1 year \u0026minus;/+3 months to 1 year \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3/+12 months.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\u003ch2\u003e2.3 Disease activity\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe Montreal Classification system was used to classify disease location and behaviour for CD.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e) A surgically treated stricture and/or endoscopically non-passable stricture (simple endoscopic score for CD (SES-CD)) were defined as a severe intestinal stricture.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e) In UC, Montreal Classification system was used to classify extension of disease, while endoscopic activity was graded using the Mayo endoscopic sub-score and analysed as a continuous variable (scale: 0\u0026ndash;3).(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e) C-reactive protein\u0026thinsp;\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;5 mg/L and faecal calprotectin\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;250 \u0026micro;g/g were considered elevated and indicative of active inflammation.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e) Anaemia was defined as a haemoglobin level of \u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;13 g/dL for males and \u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;12 g/dL for females [World Health Organization definition].(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\u003ch2\u003e2.4 Comorbidities\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eComorbidities were patient reported and for the purpose of this study defined in the same manner as the Trondelag Health Study (HUNT) database,(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e) including professionally treated psychological problems, migraine, atopic eczema, COPD, asthma, hyper- or hypothyroidism, heart disease, atrial fibrillation, previous cerebral insult, psoriasis, kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and/or podagra.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\u003ch2\u003e\u003cb\u003e2.5 The Fatigue Questionnaire (FQ)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFatigue was evaluated using the Fatigue Questionnaire (FQ), a generic patient reported outcome measurement (PROM) developed by Chalder et al. in 1993.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e22\u003c/span\u003e) The questionnaire has been translated and validated in Norwegian.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e) The FQ is divided into two dimensions, physical fatigue (question 1\u0026ndash;7) and mental fatigue (question 8\u0026ndash;11). Responses are scored on a Likert scale ranging from 0 to 3. The total fatigue score is obtained when summarizing these responses, where a higher score implies a greater level of fatigue (maximum total score of 33). Further, the scale may be dichotomized into 0 (score 0\u0026ndash;1) and 1 (score 2\u0026ndash;3). Substantial fatigue (SF) is defined as a dichotomized score\u0026thinsp;\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;4. Chronic fatigue (CF) is defined as substantial fatigue lasting\u0026thinsp;\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;6 months.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e22\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\u003ch2\u003e2.6 Statistical analysis\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003ePatient characteristics were presented stratified by type of diagnosis and subdivided into patients with and without substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up. Categorical data were presented as counts and percentages. Continuous variables were described with median and interquartile range (IQR) or ranges for consistency due to skewed distribution for the majority of variables in the subgroups. The proportions of missing data are not displayed in the patient characteristics table for variables with \u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;5% missing data for all subcategories. Crude differences between patients with and without substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up stratified by diagnosis were assessed using chi-square test (χ2) for pairs of categorical variables and Mann-Whitney-U test for pairs of continuous variables that were not normally distributed. The normality assumption was assessed using graphical presentations of the variables (histograms) combined with the Shapiro-Wilk\u0026rsquo;s test.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eUnivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to assess the associated odds between substantial fatigue at the time of diagnosis and substantial or chronic fatigue at the 1-year follow-up compared to those without fatigue at baseline. SankeyMATIC was used to create the figures to illustrate the fatigue trajectory with changes in the proportions of chronic, substantial and no fatigue from baseline to the 1-year follow-up stratified by diagnosis. Chi-square test (χ2) was used to compare the distribution of fatigue (chronic fatigue, substantial fatigue and absence of fatigue) between diagnoses (CD or UC) at baseline and the 1-year follow-up.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAssociations between substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up and disease-related factors collected from baseline to the 1-year follow-up, were assessed using a multivariate binary logistic regression model with backward elimination mode (Wald). The analyses were stratified by diagnosis (CD or UC) and adjusted for sex, age and the presence of comorbidities. The results were expressed as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Only variables with p-values\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;0.1 in the univariate regression analyses were included in the multivariate regression model. To assess generalizability of our results to the original IBD patient population in IBSEN III, Mann-Whitney-U and Chi-square test (χ2) were performed to compare the selected sociodemographic and clinical data for those with and without available FQ data. P-values\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;0.05 were considered statistically significant. All analyses were considered exploratory so no correction for multiple testing was done. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 28 and STATA/SE 16.0, both for Windows.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"3. Results","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.1 Study population\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA total of 596 out of 1370 (43.5%) patients with a definite diagnosis of CD or UC at the 1-year follow-up were included in the study (CD: 196 (32.9%), UC: 400 (67.1%)). The inclusion process is illustrated in Figure 1. Compared to patients without available FQ data, those with complete FQ data were significantly younger (median age difference of 6 years) and had fewer IBD-related hospitalisations prior to the 1-year follow-up (7.4% vs. 11.1%). No other significant differences in sociodemographic or disease-related characteristics were observed between the two groups.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePatient characteristics at the 1-year follow-up, stratified by diagnosis and presence of substantial fatigue, are presented in Table 1. The most frequently reported comorbidities at the 1-year follow-up were professionally treated psychological problems, migraine, atopic eczema, psoriasis and/or asthma, each with a proportion between 10 and 20%, where substantial fatigue were significantly more often present for patients with psychological comorbidity, migraine and/or atopic eczema.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePatient-reported subjective disease activity during the first year after diagnosis differed significantly between those with and without substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up (CD: p\u0026lt;0.001/UC: p\u0026lt;0.001) (Figure 2). The proportion of patients with chronic continuous or intermittent symptoms was notably higher among patients with substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up (CD: n=47/185 (25.4%), UC: n=75/365 (20.3%)) compared to those without substantial fatigue (CD: n=17/185 (9.2%), UC: n=29/369 (7.9%)).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.2 Fatigue trajectory through the first year of disease\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe proportion of patients with substantial fatigue at the time of diagnosis declined from 66.3% (n=130/196) and 60.0% (n=240/400), to 54.6% (n=107/196) and 50.0% (n=200/200) at the 1-year follow-up in CD and UC patients, respectively. Substantial fatigue was present at both baseline and after one year of disease for 46.9% (n=92/196) and 40.5% (n=162/400) of patients with CD and UC, respectively. Among patients with substantial fatigue at baseline, 19.4% (n=38/196) of those with CD and 19.5% (n=78/400) of those with UC, no longer reported substantial fatigue after one year. Conversely, only 7.7% (n=15/196) of patients with CD and 9.5% (n=38/400) of patients with UC developed substantial fatigue during the follow-up period. Fatigue trajectories stratified by diagnosis are illustrated in Figure 3 and did not significantly differ between CD and UC (p\u0026gt;0.1). Regardless of diagnosis, patients with substantial fatigue at diagnosis had significantly higher odds for both substantial and chronic fatigue at the 1-year follow-up compared to those without substantial fatigue at baseline (Supplementary table 1). \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.3 Prognostic factors for substantial fatigue one year after diagnosis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter one year of disease, the development of a severe intestinal stricture (endoscopically non-passable stricture and/or surgically treated stricture) during the first year (OR=4.52, 95% CI [1.61;12.68]), self-reported disease flare since diagnosis (OR=2.55, 95% CI [1.26; 5.16]), female sex (OR=3.12, 95% CI [1.53; 6.37]) and the presence of one or more comorbidities at the 1-year follow-up (OR=4.05, 95% CI [1.89; 8.69]) were all independently associated with substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up in patients with CD (Table 2). Among patients with UC, current biological treatment (OR=5.14, 95% CI [1.56; 16.96]), increasing Mayo endoscopic score (scale: 0-3) at the 1-year follow-up (OR=1.54, 95% CI [1.01; 2.35]), self-reported disease flare since diagnosis (OR=2.66, 95% CI [1.24; 5.72]) and female sex (OR=2.20, 95% CI [1.06; 4.57]) were all independently associated with substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up (Table 3).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"4. Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn this study we observed, consistent with the findings of prior non-inception cohorts, that the proportion of patients with CD and UC with and without substantial fatigue were relatively stable during the first year after diagnosis.(\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR25\" citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e) Among patients with substantial fatigue at baseline, approximately 20% experienced symptom resolution within the 1-year follow-up. Conversely, fewer than 10% of patients without substantial fatigue at baseline developed such symptoms within the first year. These patterns were supported by the significantly increased odds for both substantial and chronic fatigue at one year in those who had substantial fatigue at diagnosis.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eOf the selected possible predictive factors for substantial fatigue analysed in this study, clinical indicators of severe disease, such as severe stricturing disease in CD and biological therapy in UC, were independently associated with the highest odds for substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up. Other factors independently associated with substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up included self-reported disease flare and female sex (in both UC and CD), a higher mayo endoscopic score (UC) and comorbidities (CD).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe revealed association between substantial fatigue and self-reported disease flares and the predominance of chronic continuous or intermittent symptoms in patients with substantial fatigue after one year of disease, aligns with previous longitudinal studies linking persistent symptom burden to ongoing fatigue.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e) This reinforces the well-established relation between clinical disease activity and fatigue, commonly reported in cross-sectional studies.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e) Notably, in patients with UC, a higher Mayo endoscopic score was independently associated with fatigue, both at diagnosis and the 1-year follow-up, underscoring the role of intestinal inflammation in fatigue.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e) In CD, severe intestinal strictures were independently associated with substantial fatigue. Interestingly, unspecified strictures, neither in our study or previous studies, have shown an association with fatigue.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e) The role of stricturing disease behaviour for fatigue remains to be clarified. As expected, the proportion of patients with penetrating disease behaviour was low during the first year after diagnosis but was more frequent among fatigued patients, consistent with prior observational findings.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the IBSEN III study, among patients with IBD in endoscopic remission, chronic fatigue was previously found to be independently associated with infliximab treatment and sleep disturbances.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e) In the current analysis, however, biological therapy was associated with substantial fatigue only in patients with UC. For patients with CD, no such association was observed. In our cohort and in line with treatment guidelines, almost 50% of the patients with CD where currently treated with biologics, while this was only the case for 14% of patients with UC.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e) Hence, the association between fatigue and biological treatment in UC likely reflects a preceding severe disease course. Current evidence suggests that biological therapy may reduce fatigue indirectly by mitigating IBD-related inflammation.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR32 CR33\" citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e31\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e34\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eApproximately 60% of patients with at least one comorbidity reported substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up. In CD, comorbidities were independently associated with substantial fatigue regardless of IBD activity and severity. Particularly co-existing psychological problems were of relevance, with almost 80% of these patients experiencing substantial fatigue regardless of IBD subtype. This is consistent with established evidence that depression and anxiety, whether or not comorbid with IBD, are associated with elevated fatigue levels.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e35\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e36\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eConsistent with prior studies, female sex was independently associated with substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up, regardless of diagnosis.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e35\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR37\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e37\u003c/span\u003e) As shown in prior IBSEN III publications, sex was no longer significant when analysed alongside self-reported symptoms of anxiety and depression.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e) This may reflect on the sex-related difference in both prevalence and reporting of such symptoms.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e35\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e38\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e39\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eOur study is not without limitations. A response rate of 43.5% for the Fatigue Questionnaire at both baseline and follow-up introduces the possibility of selection bias. However, the study population was generally representative for the broader IBSEN III cohort, except for age and a higher frequency of hospitalizations, indicating a greater frequency of a more severe disease course among the excluded patients. Further, the missing data on faecal samples and endoscopic examinations for the 1-year follow-up might have led to selection bias. Additionally, because of limitations in the Montreal classification, a non-standardized definition of stricturing disease in CD was used.(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e40\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn conclusion, fatigue may be expected to persevere after one year of disease if present at the time of diagnosis. A more severe disease course and higher symptom burden throughout the first year after diagnosis were associated with substantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up. Female sex and comorbidities (in CD) were also associated with substantial fatigue, reflecting the relevance of a co-existing burden for the presence of fatigue in patients living with IBD.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors would like to thank all members of the IBSEN III study group, including the study nurses, local study personnel and the local principal investigators: A. Sagosen, A. Haslund, C.M. Ystr\u0026oslash;m, J. Pallenschat, O. H\u0026oslash;ie, T. T\u0026oslash;nnessen and \u0026Oslash;. Asak who have contributed to the enrolment of patients and collection of patient data in the IBSEN III study. The authors also thank the Unger-Vetlesen Institute for analysing the faecal samples.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding statement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis work was supported by funding from the \u0026Oslash;stfold Hospital Trust (Project number AB3526). In addition, the IBSEN III study was supported by an investigator-initiated research grant from Takeda Pharmaceuticals and non-restricted research grants from Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, Tillotts Pharma, the Dam Foundation, and the Southeastern Health Authorities in Norway. The funding bodies played no role in the design of the study; collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; or writing of the manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConflict of interest statement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eT.B, R.O, B.C.O, I.J, M.B.B, T.B.A, R.T, M.Ha, \u0026Oslash;.H, R.B, M.He, G.H.H, L.P.J.J and K.A.H. declare that they have no conflicts of interest. T.E.D: Served as a speaker, consultant or advisory board member for AbbVie, Ferring, Johnson\u0026amp;Johnsen, Pfizer, Pharmacosmos, Takeda, Tillotts, and Vifor Pharma. He has received unrestricted research grants from AbbVie, and Pharmacosmos. S.O.F: Personal fees from Takeda, Galapagos, Jansen-Cilag, Abbvie, Pharmacosmos and Bristol-Myers-Squibb. V.S: Sponsored by funds from Takeda. V.A.K: Consultant for Janssen-Cilag, scientific advisory board and consultant for Takeda, speaker for Thermo Fischer, advisory board for Tillotts Pharma. M.L.H: Investigator-initiated research grants from Takeda, Pfizer, Tilllotts, Ferring and Janssen. Speaker honoraria from Takeda, Tillotts, Ferring, AbbVie, Galapagos, MSD and Meda. Advisory board for Takeda, Galapagos, MSD, Lilly, Janssen, Pfizer and AbbVie.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthors\u0026rsquo; contributions\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eM.L.H, G.H.H, R.O, S.O.F, T.E.D, V.A.K, T.B, L.P.J.J, and K.A.H. conceived and designed the study. M.L.H, G.H.H, R.O, B.C.O, I.J, T.E.D, V.S, M.B.B, T.B.A, R.T, \u0026Oslash;.H, R.B, S.O.F, V.A.K, M.He. and K.A.H. participated in patient data collection. M.Ha., L.P.J.J. and K.A.H. analysed and interpreted the results. T.B, M.He, G.H.H, L.P.J.J. and K.A.H. drafted the manuscript. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript and critically reviewed the final version for important intellectual content and provided consent for its publication.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics approval statement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe IBSEN III study was approved by the Southeast Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics (Ref 2015/946-3). Signed informed consent was obtained from all patients before study inclusion, with the possibility to withdraw consent at any point during the observational period.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData availability statement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe data underlying this article cannot be shared publicly due to the privacy of individuals that participated in the study. The data will be shared on reasonable request to the corresponding author. \u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKhor B, Gardet A, Xavier RJ. Genetics and pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Nature. 2011;474(7351):307-17.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTruyens M, Lernout H, De Vos M, Laukens D, Lobaton T. Unraveling the fatigue puzzle: insights into the pathogenesis and management of IBD-related fatigue including the role of the gut-brain axis. Front Med (Lausanne). 2024;11:1424926.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQazi T. Fatigue in inflammatory bowel disease: a problematic ailment. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2020;36(4):284-94.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCzuber-Dochan W, Ream E, Norton C. Review article: Description and management of fatigue in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2013;37(5):505-16.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMcGing JJ, Radford SJ, Francis ST, Serres S, Greenhaff PL, Moran GW. 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Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1989;170:2-6; discussion 16-9.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSatsangi J, Silverberg MS, Vermeire S, Colombel JF. The Montreal classification of inflammatory bowel disease: controversies, consensus, and implications. Gut. 2006;55(6):749-53.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLouis E, Collard A, Oger AF, Degroote E, Aboul Nasr El Yafi FA, Belaiche J. Behaviour of Crohn\u0026apos;s disease according to the Vienna classification: changing pattern over the course of the disease. Gut. 2001;49(6):777-82.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDaperno M, D\u0026apos;Haens G, Van Assche G, Baert F, Bulois P, Maunoury V, et al. Development and validation of a new, simplified endoscopic activity score for Crohn\u0026apos;s disease: the SES-CD. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004;60(4):505-12.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRuscio MD, Cedola M, Mangone M, Brighi S. How to assess endoscopic disease activity in ulcerative colitis in 2022. 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Int J Epidemiol. 2013;42(4):968-77.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChalder T, Berelowitz G, Pawlikowska T, Watts L, Wessely S, Wright D, et al. Development of a fatigue scale. J Psychosom Res. 1993;37(2):147-53.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLoge JH, Ekeberg O, Kaasa S. Fatigue in the general Norwegian population: normative data and associations. J Psychosom Res. 1998;45(1):53-65.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBorren NZ, Long MD, Sandler RS, Ananthakrishnan AN. Longitudinal Trajectory of Fatigue in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Prospective Study. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2021;27(11):1740-6.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBredero QM, Fleer J, Blom DM, Bourgonje AR, Dijkstra G, Schroevers MJ. The substantial role of sleep, stress and physical activity in persistent high levels of fatigue in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A longitudinal trajectory study. J Crohns Colitis. 2024.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGraff LA, Clara I, Walker JR, Lix L, Carr R, Miller N, et al. Changes in fatigue over 2 years are associated with activity of inflammatory bowel disease and psychological factors. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;11(9):1140-6.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHolten KIA, Bernklev T, Opheim R, Johansen I, Olsen BC, Lund C, et al. Fatigue in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results from a Prospective Inception Cohort, the IBSEN III Study. J Crohns Colitis. 2023;17(11):1781-90.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHolten KA, Bernklev T, Opheim R, Olsen BC, Detlie TE, Strande V, et al. Fatigue in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in remission one year after diagnosis (the IBSEN III study). J Crohns Colitis. 2024.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTorres J, Bonovas S, Doherty G, Kucharzik T, Gisbert JP, Raine T, et al. ECCO Guidelines on Therapeutics in Crohn\u0026apos;s Disease: Medical Treatment. J Crohns Colitis. 2020;14(1):4-22.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRaine T, Bonovas S, Burisch J, Kucharzik T, Adamina M, Annese V, et al. ECCO Guidelines on Therapeutics in Ulcerative Colitis: Medical Treatment. J Crohns Colitis. 2022;16(1):2-17.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFarrell D, Artom M, Czuber-Dochan W, Jelsness-Jorgensen LP, Norton C, Savage E. Interventions for fatigue in inflammatory bowel disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;4:CD012005.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSkjellerudsveen BM, Skoie IM, Dalen I, Grimstad T, Omdal R. The Effect of Biological Treatment on Fatigue in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Drugs. 2023;83(10):909-21.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBorren NZ, van der Woude CJ, Ananthakrishnan AN. Fatigue in IBD: epidemiology, pathophysiology and management. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;16(4):247-59.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBorren NZ, Tan W, Colizzo FP, Luther J, Garber JJ, Khalili H, et al. Longitudinal Trajectory of Fatigue With Initiation of Biologic Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Crohns Colitis. 2020;14(3):309-15.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePark NH, Kang YE, Yoon JH, Ahn YC, Lee EJ, Park BJ, et al. Comparative study for fatigue prevalence in subjects with diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):23348.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBisgaard TH, Allin KH, Keefer L, Ananthakrishnan AN, Jess T. Depression and anxiety in inflammatory bowel disease: epidemiology, mechanisms and treatment. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;19(11):717-26.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBensing JM, Hulsman RL, Schreurs KM. Gender differences in fatigue: biopsychosocial factors relating to fatigue in men and women. Med Care. 1999;37(10):1078-83.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFarhane-Medina NZ, Luque B, Tabernero C, Castillo-Mayen R. Factors associated with gender and sex differences in anxiety prevalence and comorbidity: A systematic review. Sci Prog. 2022;105(4):368504221135469.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSalk RH, Hyde JS, Abramson LY. Gender differences in depression in representative national samples: Meta-analyses of diagnoses and symptoms. Psychol Bull. 2017;143(8):783-822.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVerstockt B, Bressler B, Martinez-Lozano H, McGovern D, Silverberg MS. Time to Revisit Disease Classification in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Is the Current Classification of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Good Enough for Optimal Clinical Management? Gastroenterology. 2022;162(5):1370-82.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Tables","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTable 1: Patient characteristics\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"614\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 180px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCD (n=196)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 180px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUC (n=400)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSF 1y\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo SF 1y\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSF 1y\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo SF 1y\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge, years (median (range))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37 (18-76)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44 (18-72)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40 (18-82)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42 (18-80)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSex (n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77 (65.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41 (34.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e112 (60.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e74 (39.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30 (38.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48 (61.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e88 (41.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e126 (58.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComorbidity 1y*\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e(n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81 (65.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43 (34.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e129 (57.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e96 (42.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePsychological comorbidity\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27 (79.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (20.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e47 (77.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14 (23.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAtopic eczema\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21 (80.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (19.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.004\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28 (57.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21 (42.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMigraine\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24 (64.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13 (35.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36 (63.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21 (36.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.03\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDisease characteristics:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFaecal calprotectin 1y (\u0026micro;g/g) (median/IQR)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e192/327\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e200/335\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e126/499\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e71/107\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.015\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFaecal calprotectin\u0026nbsp;\u0026le;250\u0026micro;g/g at 3m/6m and 1y\u0026nbsp;(n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32 (58.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23 (41.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60 (42.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e82 (57.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMissing (n (%))\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e35 (32.7)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e22 (24.7)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e59 (29.5)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e69 (34.5)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC-reactive protein 1y (mg/L) (median/IQR)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.8/7.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.2/3.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.04\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.0/4.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.7/3.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC-reactive protein \u0026ge;\u0026nbsp;5mg/L 1y\u0026nbsp;(n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29 (67.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14 (32.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.04\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36 (57.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27 (42.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMissing (n (%))\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e12 (11.2)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e8 (9.0)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e21 (10.5)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e30 (15.0)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHaemoglobin 1y (g/dL) (median (range))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(10.6-16.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(11.7-17.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.006\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(9.4-17.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(10.4-17.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.025\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnaemia 1y** (n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (50.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (50.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11 (61.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (38.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMissing (n (%))\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e7 (6.5)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e7 (7.9)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e19 (9.5)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e28 (14.0)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSubjective disease flares\u0026nbsp;within\u0026nbsp;1. year (n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57 (68.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26 (31.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e120 (60.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77 (39.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIBD-related hospitalization within 1. year\u0026nbsp;(n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14 (82.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (17.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.016\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18 (66.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (33.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIBD-related surgery (including perianal)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ewithin 1. year\u0026nbsp;(n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11 (68.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (31.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (50.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (50.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMontreal location of disease 1y\u0026nbsp;(n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eL1: Ileal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51 (56.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40 (44.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eL2: Colonic\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17 (58.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12 (41.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eL3: Ileocolonic\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39 (51.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37 (48.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMontreal disease behaviour 1y (n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB1:\u0026nbsp;Non-stricturing, non-penetrating\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77 (55.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e62 (44.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB2: Stricturing\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 (51.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19 (48.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB3:\u0026nbsp;Penetrating (intra-abdominal)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (100)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB3p:\u0026nbsp;Penetrating (perianal)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (71.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (28.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (50.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (50.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSevere intestinal stricture*** with or without abscess/fistula formation within 1. year\u0026nbsp;(n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23 (69.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (30.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMontreal extent of disease 1y\u0026nbsp;(n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNormal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48 (47.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53 (52.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eProctitis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32 (58.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23 (41.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft sided colitis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 (64.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11 (35.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExtensive colitis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23 (51.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22 (48.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMayo endoscopic score 1y (n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0: Normal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e50 (47.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55 (52.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1: Mild\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28 (50.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27 (49.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2: Moderate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38 (61.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24 (38.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3: Severe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (70.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (30.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMayo endoscopic score 3 + extensive colitis 1y\u0026nbsp;(n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (50.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (50.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMissing (n (%))\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e77 (38.5)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e91 (45.5)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMayo endoscopic score 3 + extensive colitis 0y\u0026nbsp;(n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17 (44.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21 (55.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMedical treatment at the 1-year follow-up:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMissing (n (%))\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e6 (5.6)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e8 (9.0)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e2 (1.0)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e4 (2.0)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5-ASA (n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (52.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (47.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e153 (48.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e160 (51.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBudesonide (oral/local) (n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12 (63.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (36.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (40.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (60.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAzathioprine (n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28 (56.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22 (44.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24 (72.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (27.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.007\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMethotrexate (n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (70.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (30.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (75.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (25.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBiologic (n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51 (58.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37 (42.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41 (74.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14 (25.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInfliximab (n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30 (60.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 (40.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17 (73.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (26.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.019\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAdalimumab (n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19 (59.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13 (40.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16 (72.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (27.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.03\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVedolizumab (n (%))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (40.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (60.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (75.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (25.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026ge; 2 different biologics within 1. year\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (40.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (60.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (83.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (16.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.02\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSteroid treatment (IV/oral/local) during 1. year\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40 (58.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28 (41.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.49\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78 (63.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44 (36.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAbbreviations and table legends: CD: Crohn\u0026rsquo;s disease. UC: Ulcerative colitis. SF: Substantial fatigue. 0y: At diagnosis/baseline. 1y: At 1-year follow-up. L1-3: Location. B1-3: Behaviour.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e*Psychological problems, migraine, atopic eczema, COPD, asthma, hyper- and hypothyroidism, heart disease, atrial fibrillation, previous cerebral insult, psoriasis, kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and/or podagra.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e**Haemoglobin level of \u0026lt;13 g/dL for males and \u0026lt;12 g/dL.\u003c/em\u003e(18)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e***\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003eSevere intestinal stricture: Endoscopically non-passable stricture and/or surgically treated stricture.\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTable 2: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression of selected clinical factors on\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003esubstantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up for patients with CD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"\" width=\"593\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"7\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnivariate\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMultivariate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003en\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSex (ref. male)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e196\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.01\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.66; 5.44\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.12\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.53; 6.37\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.002\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge\u0026nbsp;\u0026le;\u0026nbsp;40 years at diagnosis (ref. \u0026gt; 40 years)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e196\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.82; 2.55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eComorbidity 1y (ref. no comorbidity 1y)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e196\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.33\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.82; 6.11\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e4.05\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.89; 8.69\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSelf-reported flare within 1. Year\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e(ref. no flare)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e195\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.82\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.55; 5.11\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.55\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.26; 5.16\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.009\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFaecal calprotectin\u0026nbsp;\u0026le;250\u0026micro;g/g at 3m/6m and 1y\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(ref. \u0026gt;250\u0026micro;g/g at 3m/6m and/or 1y)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e139\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.77; 3.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC-reactive protein \u0026ge;\u0026nbsp;5mg/L 1y (ref. \u0026lt;5mg/L)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e176\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.10\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.02; 4.33\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.044\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.76; 4.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNon-stricturing, non-penetrating disease through the 1. Year (B1) (ref. B2 or B3 within 1. year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e192\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.50; 1.80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStricturing disease within 1. Year (B2)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(ref. B1 or B3 within 1. year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e192\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.40; 1.62\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePenetrating disease within 1. Year (B3)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(ref. B1 or B2 within 1. year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e194\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.68; 7.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSevere intestinal stricture with or without abscess/fistula formation within 1. year\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e(ref. absence of severe intestinal stricture)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e186\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.04\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.91; 4.58\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.08\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e4.52\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.61; 12.68\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.004\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIBD-related hospitalization within 1. year\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(ref. no hospitalization)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e196\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e4.32\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.20; 15.54\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.025\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.64; 13.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSteroid treatment within 1. year\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(ref. no steroid treatment after diagnosis)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e182\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.68; 2.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.49\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBiologic treatment 1y\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(ref. no biological treatment at 1y)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e182\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.68; 2.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMultivariate:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e167\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAbbreviations and table legends: CD: Crohn\u0026rsquo;s disease. UC: Ulcerative colitis. n: number of patients included in analysis. 1y: At 1-year follow-up. *Severe intestinal stricture: Endoscopically non-passable stricture and/or surgically treated stricture.\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTable 3: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression of selected clinical factors on\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003esubstantial fatigue at the 1-year follow-up for patients with UC\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"\" class=\"fr-table-selection-hover\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"7\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnivariate\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMultivariate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003en\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSex (ref. male)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e400\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.17\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.45; 3.23\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.20\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.06; 4.57\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.034\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge\u0026nbsp;\u0026le;\u0026nbsp;40 years at diagnosis (ref. \u0026gt; 40 years)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e400\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.86; 1.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComorbidity 1y (ref. no comorbidity 1y)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e399\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.00\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.34; 2.98\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.46; 2.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSelf-reported flare within 1. Year\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e(ref. no flare)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e394\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.33\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.55; 3.49\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.66\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.24; 5.72\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.012\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFaecal calprotectin \u0026le;250\u0026micro;g/g at 3m/6m and 1y\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(ref. \u0026gt;250\u0026micro;g/g at 3m/6m and/or 1y)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e272\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.44\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.27; 0.72\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.66; 3.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC-reactive protein \u0026ge;\u0026nbsp;5mg/L 1y (ref. \u0026lt;5mg/L)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e349\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.77; 2.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMontreal extent of disease 1y\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(scale: normal-extensive colitis (0-3))\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e232\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.88; 1.38\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMayo endoscopic score 1y\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e(scale: 0-3)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e232\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.33\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.002; 1.76\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.048\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.54\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.01; 2.35\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.048\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIBD-related hospitalization within 1. year\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(ref. no hospitalization)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e395\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.07\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.91; 4.72\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.085\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.16; 4.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSteroid treatment within 1. year\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(ref. no steroid treatment after diagnosis)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e394\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.25\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.45; 3.49\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.48; 2.64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBiologic treatment 1y\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e(ref. no biological treatment at 1y)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e394\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.40\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.78; 6.46\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e5.14\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.56: 16.96\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.007\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMultivariate:\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e152\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAbbreviations and table legends: CD: Crohn\u0026rsquo;s disease. UC: Ulcerative colitis. N: number of patients included in analysis. 0y: At diagnosis/baseline. 1y: At 1-year follow-up.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"digestive-diseases-and-sciences","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ddsj","sideBox":"Learn more about [Digestive Diseases and Sciences](http://link.springer.com/journal/10620)","snPcode":"10620","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10620/3","title":"Digestive Diseases and Sciences","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, fatigue, epidemiology","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7562844/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7562844/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch5\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/h5\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFatigue is common in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), but the pathogenesis remains poorly understood.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAims\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/h5\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study aimed to assess changes in fatigue prevalence during the first year after diagnosis and examine the association between disease course and substantial fatigue (SF) at the 1-year follow-up.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/h5\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdults with newly diagnosed CD or UC were recruited from the population-based IBSEN III cohort. Fatigue was assessed at diagnosis and the 1-year follow-up using the Fatigue Questionnaire. Associations between SF at the 1-year follow-up and disease-related factors were quantified using multivariate logistic regression adjusted for sex, age and comorbidities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/h5\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn total, 596 patients were included (CD: 196, UC: 400). SF was present at both baseline and after one year of disease for 46.9% (n=92/196) and 40.5% (n=162/400) of patients with CD and UC, respectively. In CD, development of endoscopically non-passable stricture and/or surgically treated stricture within first year of disease (OR=4.52, 95%CI [1.61;12.68]), self-reported flares since diagnosis (OR=2.55, 95%CI [1.26;5.16]), female sex (OR=3.12, 95%CI [1.53;6.37]) and comorbidities (OR=4.05, 95%CI [1.89;8.69]) were independently associated with SF at the 1-year follow-up. In UC, SF was associated with current biological treatment (OR=5.14, 95%CI [1.56;16.96]), increasing Mayo endoscopic score at the 1-year follow-up (OR=1.54, 95%CI [1.01;2.35]), self-reported flares since diagnosis (OR=2.66, 95%CI [1.24;5.72]) and female sex (OR=2.20, 95%CI [1.06;4.57]).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusions\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/h5\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFatigue frequently persists through the first year after IBD diagnosis. Clinical factors reflecting a more severe disease course were associated with SF one year after diagnosis in both CD and UC.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Fatigue trajectory during the first year of an inflammatory bowel disease diagnosis, results from the IBSEN III study","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-09-25 15:38:55","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7562844/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-10-20T15:03:02+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-10-19T07:01:27+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"21111164786018937357639293898809481464","date":"2025-10-05T01:36:03+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-09-16T14:46:43+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-09-10T21:18:47+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-09-08T15:17:46+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Digestive Diseases and Sciences","date":"2025-09-08T09:52:23+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"digestive-diseases-and-sciences","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ddsj","sideBox":"Learn more about [Digestive Diseases and Sciences](http://link.springer.com/journal/10620)","snPcode":"10620","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10620/3","title":"Digestive Diseases and Sciences","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"911bb2df-0ba5-4652-8edf-0a403898e348","owner":[],"postedDate":"September 25th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-01-19T16:44:40+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-7562844","link":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-025-09661-0","journal":{"identity":"digestive-diseases-and-sciences","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Digestive Diseases and Sciences"},"publishedOn":"2026-01-12 16:28:47","publishedOnDateReadable":"January 12th, 2026"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-09-25 15:38:55","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1007/s10620-025-09661-0","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-025-09661-0","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7562844","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7562844","identity":"rs-7562844","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}