Assessment of the Ecological Vulnerability of the Forest Ecosystem in the Pardinho River Basin, RS, Brazil, Associated with the Risk of Biological Invasion by Hovenia dulcis Thunb

Assessment of the Ecological Vulnerability of the Forest Ecosystem in the Pardinho River Basin, RS, Brazil, Associated with the Risk of Biological Invasion by Hovenia dulcis Thunb | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Assessment of the Ecological Vulnerability of the Forest Ecosystem in the Pardinho River Basin, RS, Brazil, Associated with the Risk of Biological Invasion by Hovenia dulcis Thunb Patrik Gustavo Wiesel, Bruno Deprá, Marcos Henrique Schroeder, and 6 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6977432/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Riparian forests, transitional ecosystems between terrestrial and aquatic environments, are vital for habitats and ecosystem services but are highly vulnerable to human-induced stressors like land use changes, deforestation, urbanization, damming, grazing, mining, and invasive species introduction. This study developed an Ecological Vulnerability Index for the riparian vegetation of the Pardinho River, RS, focusing on the risk of invasion by Hovenia dulcis (Japanese raisin tree). Using a Geographic Information System, key parameters were weighted: Land Use and Occupation (0.623), Soil (0.213), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (0.108), and Slope (0.056). These were combined to create a digital Risk Map for H. dulcis invasion, categorized as Very High (8.8%), High (18.7%), Moderate (20.0%), Low (28.1%), and Very Low (24.4%). Very High and High-risk areas cover 27.5% of the study area, indicating significant vulnerability. Field surveys in 40 phytosociological plots (100 m² each) validated land-use classification and assessed the arboreal community. The Shannon diversity index (H’) was 3.45, and the Pielou evenness index (J’) was 0.78, reflecting moderate species richness and evenness. However, 15 exotic species were identified, with H. dulcis showing high Absolute Density (272.5 ind. ha⁻¹), Relative Density (9.846%), and Importance Value Index (9.239%), posing a major threat. The Ecological Vulnerability Index effectively identified priority areas for managing invasive species in the Permanent Preservation Areas of the Pardinho River, supporting sustainable ecosystem management. Hierarchical Analysis Risk Map Hovenia dulcis Ecosystem Services Pardinho River Basin RS Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 1. INTRODUCTION Riparian areas form a transitional ecosystem between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, providing essential habitats and ecosystem services particularly vulnerable to global change (Rodríguez-González et al., 2022 ). These ecosystems are heterogeneous, with dynamic characteristics that give them distinct properties compared to adjacent aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems (Pandey et al., 2022 ). The proper management of water quality and related ecosystems is explicitly included in Goal 6 of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to ensure this resource’s availability and sustainable use. Furthermore, SDG 15 focuses on protecting, restoring, and promoting the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably managing forests, combating desertification, halting and reversing land degradation, and preventing biodiversity loss (UN, 2023). The relationship between these two SDGs is evident, as sustainable water management cannot be achieved without protecting and restoring terrestrial ecosystems, and vice versa. Rivers and water bodies are vital sources supporting aquatic biodiversity and adjacent terrestrial ecosystems (Forio et al., 2020 ; Riis et al., 2020 ). Protecting and preserving these riparian ecosystems are essential to maintaining the hydrological cycle, preventing soil erosion, and increasing the filtration of pollutants (Zhao et al., 2020 ). It contributes to water quality and the sustainability of water resources (Bywater-Reyes et al., 2022 ) and provides important ecosystem services at local and watershed scales (Pfeiffer et al., 2021 ). Brogna et al. ( 2018 ) highlighted that the local effect of riparian vegetation is responsible for approximately 30% of water quality. However, this value can represent up to 70% when considering the regional effect within the ecoregion. In general terms, riparian vegetation also plays a fundamental role in aquatic and terrestrial food chains, providing habitat for a wide range of aquatic, amphibian, and terrestrial organisms (Goldstein & Dellasala, 2020 ). Goldstein & Dellasala ( 2020 ) emphasized that despite their high ecological value, riparian ecosystems are among the most altered, degraded, and vulnerable ecosystems on Earth, largely due to their position in the landscape being at critical points of intense human activity. The cumulative effects of several stress factors trigger a series of consequences that compromise biodiversity and ecosystem balance, emerging as one of the main threats to riparian and aquatic environments on a global scale. These effects result from the complex interaction of different environmental pressures, amplifying these ecosystems’ challenges, exacerbating their vulnerability, and undermining their resilience (Bruno et al., 2016 ). Among the pressures these environments face, notable factors include human activities related to land use and occupation, habitat transformation, vegetation clearing for agriculture and development activities, urbanization, damming, grazing, mining, and invasive species that affect the ecological conditions of riparian habitats and, consequently, riparian forests (Zermeño-Hernández et al., 2020 ; Pandey et al., 2022 ). Setshedi & Newete ( 2020 ) demonstrated that riparian areas are subject to biological invasion by trees, which can form landscape patches that threaten native plant populations. Invasive species negatively affect native species through competition and the spread of pathogens and can modify ecosystem functioning and the abiotic characteristics of the environment (Cameron et al., 2011 ). Furthermore, introducing invasive plants is associated with a significant reduction in the fitness and growth of native plant species, which can lead to biodiversity loss and consequently affect ecosystem functions (Vilà et al., 2011 ). Brandalise et al. ( 2021 ) also highlighted that changes in the landscape due to anthropic actions increase the invasion of exotic species and consequently lead to biodiversity loss. The high presence of invasive species such as Hovenia dulcis in riparian environments can alter energy availability in this ecosystem and the functioning of subtropical rivers (Fontana et al., 2020 ). Therefore, it is necessary to develop cost-effective indicators that help identify which combinations of stress factors should be addressed to reverse the degradation of rivers and riparian vegetation, ensuring the long-term sustainability of these ecosystems (Carvalho et al., 2019). In this sense, Jiang et al. (2015) demonstrated that ecological degradation is mechanistically linked to ecosystem sustainability and that this is a practical methodology for assessing ecological vulnerability. Similarly, Cao et al. ( 2020 ) classified land cover types based on transformation processes and ecosystem services to assess ecological degradation and restoration. Pace et al. ( 2022 ) further demonstrated that continued advancements in remote sensing offer an unparalleled opportunity to address this challenge, also stating that the use of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was positively correlated with riparian vegetation quality and dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations, making it capable of predicting changes in vascular plant biomass. Furthermore, physical conditions such as soil characteristics, climatic variables, and biotic elements such as species composition form the basis for plant development and species interactions, enabling a series of biogeochemical cycles and ecological processes that sustain ecosystems (Bergamin et al., 2023 ). In this context, this research aimed to develop a methodology for assessing the Ecological Vulnerability (EV) of riparian vegetation along the Pardinho River to biological invasion by the species Hovenia dulcis , using GIS tools and the creation of thematic maps through Hierarchical Data Analysis. These results were validated through field surveys and phytosociological analyses. 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1 Study Area The Pardinho River Basin (PRB) covers an area of 1,088.7 km² and is one of the contributing basins of the Pardo River Basin, representing approximately 29% of its total area. Located in the central-eastern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, the PRB is of great importance as it is the primary source of drinking water supply for the municipality of Santa Cruz do Sul, which has a population of 133,320 (IBGE, 2022). Furthermore, it serves as a water source for irrigating crops and watering livestock (Santa Cruz do Sul Municipal Basic Sanitation Plan, 2018). The PRB has an elongated shape, extending for approximately 105 km, with an altitudinal amplitude of 704 m, ranging from 10 m to 714 m in the northern region. The region is characterized by two varieties of subtropical climate: Cfa, which corresponds to humid conditions throughout the year with hot summers, and Cfb, characterized by humidity in all seasons with moderately hot summers, according to the Köppen-Geiger classification (Alvares et al., 2013; Geiger, 1954). The PRB encompasses the Pampa Biome in its lower portion, close to the confluence with the Pardo River, and two distinct Atlantic Forest phytophysiognomies. The Deciduous Seasonal Forest predominates in the middle section, while the Mixed Ombrophilous Forest dominates in the upper section. The PRB has morphological, geological, and climatic attributes that favor rapid runoff during rain events. As a result, large volumes of water are recorded immediately after and during heavy rainfall, quickly depleting the basin’s storage capacity without allowing adequate infiltration and retention. These natural characteristics of the basin generate high flows in short periods, leading to low flows in subsequent periods due to its limited natural regulation capacity (REA, 2005). In this context, this research aimed to analyze the phytosociology of the riparian tree community of the PRB, as well as the community structure before the catastrophic floods that affected the state of Rio Grande do Sul in May 2024. 2.2 Data Collection 2.2.1 Phytosociological Study Surveys were carried out in the Permanent Preservation Areas (PPA) to determine the riparian tree community of the Pardinho River, covering the lower, middle, and upper reaches. Forty random sample plots were established, each with a fixed area of 100 m² (Fig. 1 ). The inclusion criterion considered all trees with a Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) greater than 5 cm (measured at 1.30 m). Priority was given to the in-situ identification of individuals. When this was impossible, vegetative parts of the plant were collected, and detailed photographic records were taken for later identification using available literature (Sobral & Jarenkow, 2013; Backes & Irgang, 2002; 2004). The nomenclatures were verified using the REFLORA database (2020). The classification of families followed the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group IV (A.P.G. 2016). The following phytosociological parameters were calculated: Absolute Density (ADe), Relative Density (RDe), Absolute Frequency (AFr), Relative Frequency (RFr), Absolute Dominance (ADo), Relative Dominance (RDo), Importance Value Index (IVI), and Coverage Value Index (CVI), following the methodology proposed by Mueller-Dombois & Ellenberg (1974), currently used in phytosociological studies (e.g., Souza et al., 2018; Kunwar et al., 2020; Melo et al., 2021 ). Regarding the community structure, species richness (S), Shannon Diversity Index (H’), and Pielou Evenness Index (J’) were used, following the recommendations of Ludwig & Reynolds (1988). Data analysis was performed using PAST software, version 3.14 (Hammer et al., 2001). 2.2.2 Geoprocessing A 100-meter buffer was used on each side of the banks of the Pardinho River to construct the thematic maps, considering the central axis of the river as the starting point. This measure was chosen based on the current Brazilian Forest Code (Law 12,651 of May 25, 2012), which establishes general rules for the Protection of Native Vegetation, including PPAs, Legal Reserves, and Restricted Use Areas. Article 4 provides for permanent preservation areas and determines the marginal strips of any natural, perennial, and intermittent watercourses, starting from the regular bed channel, with a minimum width of: a) 30 meters for watercourses with a width of less than 10 meters; b) 50 meters for watercourses with a width between 10 and 50 meters; c) 100 meters for watercourses with a width between 50 and 200 meters; d) 200 meters for watercourses with a width between 200 and 600 meters; e) 500 meters for watercourses with a width greater than 600 meters. This study did not consider consolidated rural areas as defined by this law, which considers “areas of rural property with pre-existing human occupation before July 22, 2008.” In this sense, the Pardinho River has dimensions ranging from 20 to 50 meters. The river channel can reach up to 100 meters at some points. Therefore, a minimum PPA range of 50 meters must be respected. However, a land use and occupation map were created considering the minimum PPA of 30 meters stipulated in the legislation. Based on these definitions, five thematic maps were produced: 1. Land Use and Occupation of PPAs, with buffers of 50 meters (Fig. 2 ) and 100 meters, using processed images from the CBERS-4A-WPM satellite, with a spatial resolution of the multispectral bands (i.e., Red, Green, and Blue) of eight meters and a panchromatic band of two meters. Digital image processing techniques included: i) multispectral color composition; ii) image fusion (“pansharpening”) to achieve color composition with a spatial resolution of two meters (Gram-Schmidt method) following the methodology of Oliveira ( 2022 ), using object-oriented classification, which categorized: Native Forests, H. dulcis , Infrastructure/Agriculture, and exposed soil (Fig. 3 A). This approach allowed quantifying the total areas of PPA and their uses, prioritizing the quantification of forest classes and the invasive H. dulcis in these remnants. The image considered low cloud interference (less than 95%) during the peak vegetative period of vigor of H. dulcis (hygrophytic phase, high transpiration), generally occurring from September to November as temperatures increase. During this period, the leaves of H. dulcis have a light green coloration that can form large homogeneous patches in forest areas, contrasting with native plants, thus facilitating their recognition in high-resolution images (Cavender; Gamon; Townsend, 2020; Crisigiovanni et al., 2021). The spectral response in a healthy green leaf ranges from 430 nm to 660 nm. In the near-infrared region, reflectance increases significantly from 700 to 1200 nm. H. dulcis responded at an average wavelength of 1100 nm. 2. NDVI: Using the same processed images from the CBERS-4A with a 2 x 2-m pixel size. This methodology is used to analyze satellite images to assess the health and density of vegetation in each area. The index is calculated based on the differences in reflectance of red and near-infrared light captured by the images. NDVI ranges from − 1 to 1, with higher values indicating greater plant density and health. Its importance lies in providing valuable insights into vegetation distribution, conditions, and changes over time (Fig. 2 B) (Huang et al., 2021 ; Hossain; Li, 2021 ). 3. Slope: This map was created following the methodology proposed by Costa et al. ( 2011 ), with values expressed in percentage (Fig. 2 C). Slope and ramp length are important variables for soil vulnerability studies. Understanding the slopes within a watershed is essential to identify areas of steeper inclines, which are more prone to erosion and higher runoff rates. Due to difficult access, steep areas often harbor valuable natural habitats rich in biodiversity. 4. Soil Map: This map was constructed using data from the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA, 2001) (Fig. 2 D). This factor is important, as soil plays a crucial role in water infiltration and drainage, directly influencing the hydrological cycle. Different soil types have different water retention capacities and permeability, affecting the amount of water that infiltrates the soil or flows across the surface into watercourses, influencing the selection of appropriate agricultural practices, erosion control, watershed management for water conservation, and the prevention of natural disasters such as landslides and floods. 2.2.3 Hierarchical Data Analysis (HDA) HDA was applied to analyze and classify the four elements (Land Use and Occupation/Invasive Species Presence [100-m Buffer], NDVI, Soil Types, and Slope) based on hierarchical criteria. The HDA was performed using QGIS software with the “QGIS AHP” plugin. For each criterion, a value was assigned on a scale from 0 to 1, where 0 indicates equal importance, and 1 indicates extreme importance of one criterion over the other, using arbitrary hierarchical order. Land Use and Occupation was the most relevant criterion, receiving a weight of 0.623, followed by Soil (0.213), NDVI (0.108), and Slope (0.056). Subsequently, the criteria were weighted and combined using a weighted linear combination. A digital map of the biological invasion process risk levels by the species H. dulcis was created and classified as Very High, High, Moderate, Low, and Very Low. The methodology was adapted to the reality of this research based on Cruz ( 2021 ) and Falcão ( 2013 ). The Consistency Ratio (CR) was then calculated by comparing the Consistency Index (CI) of the created matrix with the weights assigned to each variable and the Random Index (RI). The tabulated value of 0.89 for RI was used according to Falcão ( 2013 ) for “n” of four criteria. 3. RESULTS 3.1 Phytosociology The riparian tree community of the Pardinho River presented a Shannon diversity of H’ = 3.45 and a Pielou evenness of J’ = 0.78%. The sampled area was 4000 m², where 1107 tree individuals were identified, distributed in 82 species, and allocated in 29 botanical families (Table 1). The H’ and J’ values indicate that the community has a moderately high species richness, with a relatively even distribution in abundance. These values are generally positively associated with ecological health and ecosystem stability (Magurran, 2013), who also proposes the following classification for Shannon diversity (H’): H’ 4: Very High. It is important to note that the presence of 15 exotic species in the area highlights potential challenges for biodiversity conservation, namely: Cinnamomum verum; Citrus × sinensis; Citrus bergamia; Citrus limon; Eriobotrya japonica; Eucalyptus sp.; Hovenia dulcis ; Jacaranda mimosifolia ; Ligustrum lucidum ; Mangifera indica; Melia azedarach; Morus nigra; Persea americana; Psidium guajava; Tecoma stans; Tipuana tipu. This high number of exotic species, with a particular focus on the invasive H. dulcis , may threaten the integrity of the local ecosystem. This issue is further emphasized by the results, where H. dulcis showed the second-highest ADe of 272.5 individuals per hectare and the second-highest Relative Density (RDe) of 9.846%, indicating a significant presence in the community and demonstrating that the invader is abundant and widely distributed in the sampled area (Figure 4). Furthermore, H. dulcis presented the second-largest basal area of 8.39 square meters and an ADo of 20.98 m ha -1 , significantly contributing to the coverage and dominance within the community, especially in the middle course of the Pardinho River. On the other hand, species of greater ecological interest, such as endangered species and those immune to cutting, including Myrocarpus frondosus (IVI = 0.929%), Erythrina falcata (IVI = 0.799%), Cedrela fissilis (IVI = 0.420%), Ficus luschnathiana (IVI = 0.399%), Araucaria angustifolia (IVI = 0.174%), Ficus adhatodifolia (IVI = 0.157%), and Apuleia leiocarpa (IVI = 0.146%), presented low density and reduced IVI values. Furthermore, among the native species, Nectandra megapotamica presented the highest number of individuals (152), the highest ADe (380 individuals ha -1 ), RDe (13.7%), AFe (77.5%), RFe (7.5%), ADo (30.8 m² ha -1 ), RDo (18.8%), CVI (16.3%), and IVI (13.3%). When analyzing the species with the top 20 IVIs (Figure 4), it is important to highlight that five of them are exotic, cultivated, or invasive: H. dulcis , T. tipu, M. nigra, L. lucidum, and Eucalyptus sp . The presence of these species among the most important in the community may indicate an imbalance in this ecosystem and the significant influence of invasive species on native species, potentially suppressing or displacing them. 3.2 Geoprocessing 3.2.1 Land Use and Occupation Considering the 100-m buffer, the total PPA area was 2,618.8 hectares, of which 1,315.1 hectares represent the forest class. These values show a vegetation cover deficit of 49.8% in these areas. Another aggravating factor is the invasive species H. dulcis class, which represents around 10.3% of the forest class. The vegetation deficit is mainly associated with using PPAs for agriculture and local roads (Figure 5). When considering the 50-m buffer, used only for comparison, the PPA area was 1,500.2 hectares, of which 782.7 hectares are formed by vegetation, with 83 hectares represented by invasive species. In this scenario, the vegetation deficit presents a slight difference of 47.8%, and the percentage of the invasive species remains stable at 10.6%. 3.2.2 Soils Three soil types were identified in the PRB. The upper portion of the basin is predominantly made up of Red Argisol, formed by minerals and intrinsic characteristics such as textural B horizons with clay accumulation, nitic B horizons with low clay activity, and C horizons with material originating from the alteration of the underlying soil. These soils are generally well drained, reflecting weathering processes and transport of materials over time. They are commonly found in tropical climates, such as in Brazil, and are important for agriculture due to their natural fertility potential, helping cultivate various crops (EMBRAPA, 2023). The presence of Lithic Neosols is notable in the middle section of the basin. These are shallow, poorly developed soils commonly found on mountain slopes, hilltops, and rocky areas. They typically have a thin organic layer over a mineral matrix with a few well-defined horizons. Due to their shallow depth and development, they may be limited for agricultural use and require soil conservation practices for sustainable management. The conservation of this soil class mainly involves preserving its vegetation cover and protecting it against erosive processes (EMBRAPA, 2023). The lower section in the PRB is formed by Haplic Planosol, characterized by superficial or subsurface A and/or E horizon, with gleysolic characteristics (poorly drained soils) or textural or lithic B horizon. These are typical floodplain soils with a generally poor to imperfect hydrological regime, making them susceptible to temporary or permanent flooding. They play a critical role in maintaining biodiversity in floodplain ecosystems by providing habitats for various plant and animal species adapted to wet environments. Furthermore, these soils regulate the hydrological cycle, acting as recharge areas for aquifers and reducing flood risks (EMBRAPA, 2023). 3.2.4 NDVI NDVI analysis provided insights into vegetation health and density based on the difference between red and near-infrared light reflectance captured by remote sensing. Vegetation PPAs of the Pardinho River ranged from -0.128 to 0.7431. Negative values typically indicate the absence of vegetation, artificial surfaces, or water bodies. In riparian vegetation, negative values may reflect areas without vegetation, such as sandbanks or recently disturbed areas. Values close to zero (0 to 0.2) may indicate riparian vegetation with minimal cover or stressed vegetation due to unfavorable environmental conditions. Moderate values (0.2 to 0.5) typically indicate healthy vegetation with good density and vigor. In this research, moderate values suggest areas with adequate vegetation cover and good health, representing ideal conditions for riparian habitats and associated ecosystems, although they do not consider the presence of invasive species. High values (0.5 to 1) indicate high vegetation density and good vegetative vigor. This analysis’s highest value of 0.74 indicates areas with lush and dense vegetation, likely to signify well-developed riparian habitats and healthy ecosystems. These data can be used to assess vegetation health and distribution, monitor changes over time, and support ecosystem management and conservation. 3.2.5 Analytical Hierarchical Data (AHD) Applying the AHD method, based on arbitrarily assigned weights, resulted in the weighting eigenvectors presented in Table 2. The calculated CI was 0.03769, and the Random Consistency was 0.04235, indicating that the calculated dominant matrix was consistent. Thus, the eigenvectors calculated in the AHD for spatial analysis can be used. The AHD resulted in a thematic map showing the risks of invasion by H. dulcis along the PPAs of the Pardinho River (Figure 5). The first category on the map, “Very High” (red color), corresponds to areas with the highest potential invasion risks and is mainly concentrated in the middle and upper sections of the river. Likewise, the “High” category (orange) also presents high-risk areas. However, all risk classes can be observed along the river in varying proportions. The middle-lower and lower sections showed greater resilience to invasion, visually displaying the highest proportions of the “Moderate” (yellow) and “Low” (light green) classes. These results can be explained mainly by the Land Use and Occupation map, which received the greatest weight among the criteria considered. 4. DISCUSSION The phytosociological results demonstrate a high IVI (9.24%) for H. dulcis , corresponding to the second highest within the arboreal community. Combined with the Risk Map, the presence and occupation of the invasive H. dulcis in the basin’s riparian ecosystem can be well established. These results highlight the importance of urgent monitoring and control measures for this invasive species. Furthermore, H. dulcis presented the second highest ADe (272.5 ind. ha − 1 ) and RDe (9.846%), indicating that the invader may be effectively competing with other species for resources and occupying a significant portion of the space within the forest. The land use and occupation classification confirm the presence of H. dulcis , covering 10.3% of the remaining forest areas. These findings illustrate the fragility of this ecosystem and could have severe implications for its conservation. Fontana et al. ( 2022 ) corroborate this, showing that the presence of non-native tree species in riparian zones can affect the functioning of watercourses. Furthermore, they highlighted that the presence and dominance of the invasive H. dulcis in riparian zones causes environmental homogenization, resulting in alterations in the composition of other biological communities (e.g., fungi and fish). This analysis is supported by Schmidt et al. ( 2020 ), who demonstrated that through canopy and litter analysis, it is possible to infer that H. dulcis can alter environmental conditions on a local scale. Furthermore, according to the same authors, dense populations of the invader can alter the availability of essential resources such as light, nutrients, and soil moisture. Although the riparian arboreal community of Pardinho River presents a relatively high species diversity, Shannon H’ = 3.4 and Pielou Evenness J’ = 78.0%, this diversity was lower than that found by Melo et al. ( 2021 ): H’ = 3.8 and J’ = 81.6% for the riparian communities of Andreas Stream in the Municipality of Vera Cruz, also a contributor to the RPB. However, the authors agreed that the main native species for this study, N. megapotamica (IVI, 7.5%), showed an IVI of 13.3% for the Pardinho arboreal community. Furthermore, in comparative terms, the invasive H. dulcis was the third species with the highest IVI (6.7%) (Melo et al., 2021 ), while in this study, the species presented the second highest IVI (9.2%), thus representing a high dominance of the species in this ecosystem. Species diversity and fragment size are not determining factors for invading H. dulcis . According to Capellesso et al. (2023), the initial establishment of the invader in forest fragments occurs mainly in undisturbed subtropical habitats of the Atlantic Forest, emphasizing the potential for invasion of shaded environments with a well-developed understory. On the other hand, Catford et al. ( 2012 ) states that the species prefers less dense forested areas. However, the invasive potential of the species is well documented in the literature, indicating that the invader can successfully colonize forested areas regardless of the successional stage (Schmidt et al., 2020 ; Brandalise et al. 2021 ). The presence of five exotic species among the top 20 IVIs in the community demonstrates a threat to this ecosystem. This analysis is supported by Gentili et al. ( 2021 ), who showed that the presence of a dominant invasive species in riparian areas can lead to a reduction in the coverage of native species, favoring the increase of ruderal and exotic species, which can alter the structure of the vegetation. They further emphasized that this phenomenon can profoundly modify landscapes and displace native species and communities. Regarding the main families of the study, the following stood out: Fabaceae (14), Myrtaceae (6), Euphorbiaceae (6), Lauraceae (5), Bignoniaceae (5), and Moraceae (4). These data are in agreement with Brazilian Flora (2020), which states that the plant families richest in tree species for southern Brazil are Myrtaceae (216 species), Fabaceae (130), Lauraceae (70), Euphorbiaceae (38), and Rubiaceae (38). Fabaceae dominate most neotropical forest biomes (Azevedo et al., 2020) and present the greatest diversity and number of tree species (de Lima et al., 2015 ), followed by Myrtaceae (Sobral et al., 2015). The risk classification map for H. dulcis invasion was mainly influenced by the land use and occupation map and the presence of the invader, which are represented by the Very High (8.8%) and High (18.7%) classes. According to Lima et al. ( 2015 ), the average seed dispersal of the invader is 30 meters from the matrix. This criterion was also the most relevant for Reis et al. (2021), who developed a vulnerability index to the biological invasion of H. dulcis in urban green areas in Curitiba. However, the fragment’s format was an important criterion for these authors, which was irrelevant in our research context. The invader was found in all formations along the PPAs of the Pardinho River, mainly in the middle section of the river. This finding is further supported by the results of the phytosociological plots, which showed a greater occupancy of the invader, particularly between plots 14 and 29. Brandalise et al. ( 2021 ) also stated that landscape metrics such as tree canopy, slope, land use, and fragment size do not correlate with H. dulcis abundance. The lower section of the river showed a significant decrease in the occurrence of the invader, which was observed in situ and corroborating the vulnerability analysis. This is the area along the river with less undulating terrain. According to Schmidt et al. ( 2020 ), slope is a factor that must be interpreted cautiously. In their analysis, only 10% of H. dulcis populations were found on flat terrain, while 90% were on steep slopes. However, in the lower section of the Pardinho River, there was greater occupation by the invasive M. nigra , which justifies a more in-depth study. Likewise, the upper section of the river, which is steeper, showed a decrease in the occurrence of the invader. According to Larsen et al. ( 2020 ), H. dulcis is generally observed at lower altitudes due to its leaf characteristics, further emphasizing that M. nigra and H. dulcis share the same functional gradient. The inherent characteristics and factors acting in the PPAs of the Pardinho River, such as anthropic activity and the presence of invaders, are conducive to an increase in biological invasion, as represented in the Risk Map. According to Paganelli et al. ( 2021 ), expert perceptions indicate there is a greater entry of invasive exotic species that occurs in areas with low to medium anthropic disturbance, areas with an intermediate biodiversity richness, with the presence of endemic/threatened/protected species, and the current presence of invaders. The PRB is an area of intense agricultural activity, mainly due to the flattening of the terrain, which contributes to the vegetation deficit found in this study, 49.8% considering the 100-m buffer. A small difference was observed for the 50-m buffer, 47.8%. These values corroborate data presented in the diagnosis of water resources in the Rio Pardo River Basin (REA, 2005), which showed a vegetation deficit between 40 and 50% for the PPAs of the Pardinho River. Zermeño-Hernández et al. ( 2020 ) showed that human land-use activities affect the ecological condition of riparian habitats and, consequently, riparian forests. The authors also demonstrated the importance of developing low-cost and time-efficient indices that can facilitate the assessment of ecological conditions in riparian habitats. The AHD applied in this research proved effective in identifying the area most vulnerable to invasion by H. dulcis . In this sense, Nielsen & Fei ( 2015 ) stated that the AHD-based methodology is a valuable tool for prioritizing the management of exotic plant invasions and establishing realistic boundaries, especially in watersheds. Reis et al. (2021) emphasized that assessing vulnerability to invasion by H. dulcis at the landscape scale, together with other invasive alien species, tends to prioritize areas for their control due to the greater detail of the spatial parameters related to their occurrence. The extreme rainfall that struck Rio Grande do Sul between April and May 2024 was one of the most severe climatic events in the state’s history, with significant impacts on PPAs along rivers, including the Pardinho River in the central region. Data from the National Institute of Meteorology (Inmet, 2024) recorded accumulated precipitation exceeding 600 mm between April 26 and May 5 in the central region, with peaks of 300 mm in 24 hours on April 30, approximately six times the historical April average (150 mm). This exceptional volume triggered floods and landslides that compromised the vegetation of PPAs, which is essential for soil stability and hydrological regulation. Intense erosion swept away soil and riparian vegetation, reducing the cover of arboreal and shrub species, as noted by MapBiomas specialists who highlighted the vulnerability of unprotected soils. Along the Pardinho River, the force of the waters destroyed stretches of riparian forest, exacerbating sedimentation and altering the dynamics of the aquatic ecosystem, leading to biodiversity losses and an increased risk of new erosive events in future rains. Furthermore, the destruction of native vegetation and changes in the riparian environment can directly influence the dynamic invasion of the exotic species H. dulcis , affecting the patterns previously observed in the phytosociological study. These impacts reinforce the need for continued monitoring of vegetation regeneration and post-disturbance ecological interactions, especially in light of the increasing frequency of extreme events associated with climate change. CONCLUSION The application of AHD proved to be an effective tool in identifying priority areas for implementing control and management plans for the invasive H. dulcis in the riparian areas of the Pardinho River PPAs. The results obtained through geoprocessing were compared and confirmed in the field with the application of 40 plots in the phytosociological study, which revealed that H. dulcis presented the second highest ADe (272.5 ind. ha⁻¹), RDe (9.846%), and IVI of 9.24%, confirming the prominent presence of the species within the arboreal community. The Risk Map visually highlights the middle section of the river as the area of greatest risk of biological invasion, concentrating the largest proportions of the “High” and “Very High” risk classes, followed by the upper section. The lower section of the Pardinho River represents the area with the lowest risk of invasion, and further studies are needed to understand this phenomenon. However, the invasive species M. nigra is much more prevalent in this river section, deserving special attention to better understand its impacts. This Risk Map provides a holistic view of the ecological conditions of the Pardinho River’s PPAs and can support management plans to control the invader and recover this environment, which provides numerous ecosystem services to the population. Declarations Funding This work was supported by CAPES Protocol PósDOC Grant numbers 88881691612022-01 and This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001. The authors declare that no other funding, grants, or financial support was received during the preparation of this manuscript. Competing Interests The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. Author Contributions All authors contributed to the conception and design of the study. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Patrik Gustavo Wiesel, Bruno Deprá, Marcos Henrique Schroeder, Betina Mariela Barreto and Humberto Burin Lange. 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Zermeño‐Hernández, I., Benítez‐Malvido, J., Suazo‐Ortuño, I., & Méndez‐Toribio, M. (2020). Impact of adjacent land use on the ecological condition of riparian habitats: The relation between condition and vegetation properties. Applied Vegetation Science, 23(4), 610-621. Zhao, Q., Ding, S., Liu, Q., Wang, S., Jing, Y., & Lu, M. (2020). Vegetation influences soil properties along riparian zones of the Beijiang River in Southern China. PeerJ, 8, e9699. Tables Table 1. List of species identified in the Permanent Preservation Areas of the Pardinho River, together with the phytosociological parameters calculated for the tree community. Especies Ni DBH HEI BA ADe RDe AFe RFe ADo RDo CVI IVI (ind. ha - ¹) (%) (%) (%) (m² ha - ¹) (%) (%) (%) Nectandra megapotamic a (Spreng.) Mez 152 0.25 9.3 12.332 380.00 13.731 77.50 7.470 30.829 18.820 16.276 13.340 Hovenia dulcis Thunberg** 109 0.27 11.5 8.393 272.50 9.846 52.50 5.060 20.984 12.810 11.328 9.239 Allophylus edulis (A.St.-Hil., Cambess. & A. Juss.) Radlk. 100 0.16 7.0 2.483 250.00 9.033 65.00 6.265 6.208 3.790 6.412 6.363 Cupania vernalis Cambess. 75 0.16 8.9 2.174 187.50 6.775 57.50 5.542 5.436 3.319 5.047 5.212 Luehea divaricata Mart. & Zucc. 54 0.22 9.2 3.595 135.00 4.878 30.00 2.892 8.988 5.487 5.182 4.419 Tipuana tipu (Benth.) Kuntze** 14 0.6 12.6 6.110 35.00 1.265 7.50 0.723 15.274 9.324 5.294 3.771 Dalbergia frutescens (Vell.) Britton 58 0.2 9.0 2.385 145.00 5.239 25.00 2.410 5.963 3.640 4.440 3.763 Machaerium paraguariense Hassl. 49 0.17 8.8 1.461 122.50 4.426 40.00 3.855 3.653 2.230 3.328 3.504 Desvitalizada 41 0.19 4.8 1.574 102.50 3.704 42.50 4.096 3.936 2.403 3.053 3.401 Parapiptadenia rigida (Benth.) Brenan 29 0.18 8.7 1.111 72.50 2.620 45.00 4.337 2.777 1.695 2.158 2.884 Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong 9 0.74 17.8 4.194 22.50 0.813 7.50 0.723 10.485 6.401 3.607 2.646 Casearia sylvestris Sw. 26 0.15 7.7 0.531 65.00 2.349 40.00 3.855 1.329 0.811 1.580 2.338 Morus nigra L.** 30 0.18 7.9 0.898 75.00 2.710 25.00 2.410 2.245 1.371 2.040 2.163 Ocotea pulchella (Nees) Mez 20 0.22 9.0 0.982 50.00 1.807 27.50 2.651 2.454 1.498 1.652 1.985 Eugenia uniflora L. 20 0.12 6.5 0.336 50.00 1.807 27.50 2.651 0.839 0.512 1.160 1.657 Ligustrum lucidum W.T.Ait. ** 15 0.28 8.9 1.256 37.50 1.355 17.50 1.687 3.139 1.916 1.636 1.653 Eucalyptus sp.** 19 0.28 18.3 1.650 47.50 1.716 7.50 0.723 4.124 2.518 2.117 1.652 Sapium glandulosum (L.) Morong 16 0.2 8.9 0.633 40.00 1.445 25.00 2.410 1.584 0.967 1.206 1.607 Trichilia claussenii C.DC. 15 0.13 6.1 0.588 37.50 1.355 22.50 2.169 1.469 0.897 1.126 1.473 Bauhinia forficata Link 14 0.11 7.0 0.158 35.00 1.265 27.50 2.651 0.395 0.241 0.753 1.385 Cordia trichotoma (Vell.) Arrab. ex Steud. 13 0.25 11.8 0.747 32.50 1.174 17.50 1.687 1.868 1.141 1.157 1.334 Cabralea canjerana (Vell.) Mart. 8 0.38 9.9 1.533 20.00 0.723 7.50 0.723 3.834 2.340 1.532 1.262 Cestrum strigillatum Ruiz & Pav. 6 0.21 8.0 1.099 15.00 0.542 15.00 1.446 2.748 1.678 1.110 1.222 Sebastiania commersoniana (Baill.) L.B. Sm. & Downs 17 0.27 8.0 1.013 42.50 1.536 5.00 0.482 2.533 1.547 1.541 1.188 Myrocarpus frondosu s Allemão* 7 0.24 9.0 0.137 17.50 0.632 15.00 1.446 1.161 0.709 0.671 0.929 Chrysophyllum gonocarpum (Mart. & Eichler) Engl. 10 0.11 6.1 0.178 25.00 0.903 17.50 1.687 0.288 0.176 0.540 0.922 Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi 9 0.27 7.7 0.122 22.50 0.813 7.50 0.723 1.702 1.039 0.926 0.858 Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman 8 0.15 7.0 0.202 20.00 0.723 15.00 1.446 0.466 0.284 0.503 0.818 Erythrina falcata Benth.* 3 0.56 13.6 0.113 7.50 0.271 7.50 0.723 2.298 1.403 0.837 0.799 Campomanesia xanthocarpa O.Berg 6 0.21 7.0 0.182 15.00 0.542 10.00 0.964 1.104 0.674 0.608 0.727 Eriobotrya japonic a (Thunb.) Lindl.** 7 0.21 6.6 0.175 17.50 0.632 10.00 0.964 0.895 0.546 0.589 0.714 Annona sylvatica A. St.-Hil. 7 0.13 7.7 0.032 17.50 0.632 12.50 1.205 0.284 0.173 0.403 0.670 Phytolacca dioica L. 4 0.33 8.3 0.291 10.00 0.361 7.50 0.723 1.281 0.782 0.572 0.622 Trema micrantha (L.) Blume 5 0.24 5.8 0.072 12.50 0.452 5.00 0.482 1.354 0.826 0.639 0.587 Sebastiania schottiana (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg. 9 0.13 6.6 0.018 22.50 0.813 7.50 0.723 0.342 0.209 0.511 0.582 Matayba elaeagnoide s Radlk. 6 0.15 7.0 0.211 15.00 0.542 10.00 0.964 0.343 0.210 0.376 0.572 Psidium guajava Linnaeus. Carl von** 5 0.18 5.2 0.076 12.50 0.452 10.00 0.964 0.445 0.272 0.362 0.562 Erythroxylum argentinum O.E.Schulz 4 0.18 8.3 0.134 10.00 0.361 10.00 0.964 0.305 0.186 0.274 0.504 Jacaranda micrantha Cham. 5 0.2 7.4 0.137 12.50 0.452 7.50 0.723 0.505 0.308 0.380 0.494 Phyllanthus sellowianus (Klotzsch) Müll.Arg. 9 0.12 6.0 0.178 22.50 0.813 5.00 0.482 0.283 0.173 0.493 0.489 Melia azedarach L.** 4 0.23 7.8 0.122 10.00 0.361 7.50 0.723 0.454 0.277 0.319 0.454 Cedrela fissili s Vell.* 3 0.26 8.7 0.202 7.50 0.271 7.50 0.723 0.437 0.267 0.269 0.420 Solanum sanctaecatharinae Dunal 5 0.11 6.7 0.113 12.50 0.452 7.50 0.723 0.079 0.048 0.250 0.408 Ficus luschnathiana (Miq.) Miq.* 3 0.31 11.0 0.182 7.50 0.271 5.00 0.482 0.728 0.445 0.358 0.399 Albizia niopoides (Spruce ex Benth.) Burkart 6 0.12 6.8 0.175 15.00 0.542 5.00 0.482 0.181 0.111 0.326 0.378 Trichilia elegans A. Juss. 4 0.08 4.8 0.032 10.00 0.361 7.50 0.723 0.046 0.028 0.195 0.371 Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub. 3 0.28 9.3 0.291 7.50 0.271 5.00 0.482 0.526 0.321 0.296 0.358 Handroanthus chrysotrichus (Mart. ex A.DC.) Mattos 7 0.11 8.1 0.072 17.50 0.632 2.50 0.241 0.190 0.116 0.374 0.330 Salix humboldtiana Willd. 2 0.29 11.5 0.018 5.00 0.181 5.00 0.482 0.336 0.205 0.193 0.289 Citrus bergamia (Risso) 3 0.13 4.3 0.043 7.50 0.271 500 0.482 0.106 0.065 0.168 0.273 Piper amalago L. 3 0.08 7.5 0.017 7.50 0.271 5.00 0.482 0.043 0.026 0.149 0.260 Urera baccifera (L.) Gaudich. 2 0.13 3.0 0.029 5.00 0.181 5.00 0.482 0.073 0.045 0.113 0.236 Cordia ecalyculata Vell. 2 0.1 6.0 0.016 5.00 0.181 5.00 0.482 0.039 0.024 0.102 0.229 Citrus limo n (L.) Osbeck** 2 0.085 4.5 0.011 5.00 0.181 5.00 0.482 0.028 0.017 0.099 0.227 Maclura tinctori a (L.) Don ex Steud. 2 0.08 7.0 0.010 5.00 0.181 5.00 0.482 0.026 0.016 0.098 0.226 Solanum mauritianu m Scop. 2 0.06 4.0 0.002 5.00 0.181 5.00 0.482 0.006 0.004 0.092 0.222 Jacaranda mimosifolia D. Don 1822** 1 0.52 10.0 0.212 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.531 0.324 0.207 0.218 Gochnatia polymorpha (Less.) Cabr. 1 0.45 8.0 0.159 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.398 0.243 0.167 0.191 Mangifera indica L. ** 1 0.41 8.0 0.132 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.330 0.201 0.146 0.178 Araucaria angustifoli a (Bertol.) Kuntze* 1 0.4 15.0 0.126 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.314 0.192 0.141 0.174 Handroanthus heptaphyllus (Mart.) Mattos 2 0.16 6.0 0.050 5.00 0.181 2.50 0.241 0.126 0.077 0.129 0.166 Persea americana Mill.** 1 0.37 8.0 0.108 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.269 0.164 0.127 0.165 Seguieria langsdorffii Moq. 2 0.16 5.0 0.039 5.00 0.181 2.50 0.241 0.097 0.059 0.120 0.160 Ficus adhatodifolia Schott* 1 0.34 14.0 0.091 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.227 0.139 0.114 0.157 Inga marginata Willd. 2 0.13 7.5 0.027 5.00 0.181 2.50 0.241 0.068 0.041 0.111 0.154 Actinostemon concolor (Spreng.) Müll.Arg. 2 0.1 5.5 0.016 5.00 0.181 2.50 0.241 0.041 0.025 0.103 0.149 Alchornea triplinervia (Spreng.) M. Arg. 1 0.3 8.0 0.071 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.177 0.108 0.099 0.146 Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth** 1 0.3 6.0 0.071 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.177 0.108 0.099 0.146 Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J.F.Macbr.* 2 0.08 8.0 0.011 5.00 0.181 2.50 0.241 0.027 0.016 0.098 0.146 Celtis iguanae a (Jacq.) Sarg. 1 0.23 9.0 0.042 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.104 0.063 0.077 0.132 Erythrina cristagalli L. 1 0.17 5.0 0.023 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.057 0.035 0.062 0.122 Citrus × sinensis** 1 0.15 4.0 0.018 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.044 0.027 0.059 0.119 Cinnamomum verum J.Presl** 1 0.12 3.0 0.011 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.028 0.017 0.054 0.116 Eugenia uruguayensis Cambess. 1 0.12 6.0 0.011 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.028 0.017 0.054 0.116 Lithraea brasiliensi s Marchand 1 0.11 5.0 0.010 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.024 0.015 0.052 0.115 Manihot grahamii Hook. 1 0.07 6.0 0.008 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.010 0.006 0.048 0.112 Myrcianthes pungens (O.Berg) D. Legrand 1 0.07 6.0 0.004 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.010 0.006 0.048 0.112 Ocotea acutifolia (Nees) Mez 1 0.07 6.0 0.004 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.010 0.006 0.048 0.112 Inga vera Willd. 1 0.06 6.0 0.004 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.007 0.004 0.047 0.112 Myrsine umbellata Mart. 1 0.06 5.0 0.003 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.007 0.004 0.047 0.112 Vitex megapotamica (Spreng.) Moldenke 1 0.06 4.0 0.003 2.50 0.090 2.50 0.241 0.007 0.004 0.047 0.112 Total 1107 2767.5 100 1037.5 100 163.81 100 100 100 Ni - Number of Individuals; DBH - Diameter at Breast Height; HEI – Height; BA - Basal Area; ADe - Absolute Density; RDe - Relative Density; AFe - Absolute Frequency; RFe - Relative Frequency; ADo - Absolute Dominance; RDo - Relative Dominance; CVI - Coverage Value Index; IVI - Importance Value Index. Table 2. Weights arbitrarily assigned to each criterion and the weighting eigenvectors achieved. Criteria Eigenvector Nº Cr P V D*W Lambda L M IC IR RC Land Use 0.62281 4 2.89164 4.6428 4.11309 0.03769 0.89 0.04235 Soil 0.21353 0.77661 3.6369 NDVI 0.10803 0.41499 3.8411 Slope 0.05560 0.24086 4.3314 Table 3. Invasion risk classes for Hovenia dulcis in the Permanent Preservation Areas of the Pardinho River and the percentage of each class. Risk Class Area (hectares) Percentage (%) Very High 229.284 8.76 High 490.790 18.71 Moderate 525.060 20.04 Low 734.526 28.07 Very Low 640.162 24.42 TOTAL 2,619.822 100 Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers agreed at journal 08 Jul, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 07 Jul, 2025 Editor invited by journal 04 Jul, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 01 Jul, 2025 First submitted to journal 01 Jul, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6977432","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":482072423,"identity":"63c580e7-83bf-4c95-b16c-7415ee0f8f12","order_by":0,"name":"Patrik Gustavo Wiesel","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABFElEQVRIie2PMUvDQBTH35HB5eS2ckVpv8JJwLYg9KtcKGRycHSSTk5K14gfwaUQCB0fBDol3HrSJZJZiFs2vVxAEJN0FbzfcHfv+P947wE4HH8ViUDNRZCsOTD7czOU974VsMp43SjiiALYPo0CIGwxoMxO1L4qsvScsRSR7OYTX70EVSFgykbYqSweVl4kdUrHUSiRZNy/1O8xN4NdPD3LTkXgygNZHajQVCC550Gi822jSHHoUVTZKkulKqvEUR7Xg4puumjTBa7BKlv2mAx2WUSlDzL7pFyHAgOzC9enyVwK3rvLjAUlqffhkm3St+Jjdzdhmzx+rW+vpuysZ7Aflc3w9uyM/1YsDHvTDofD8T/5AlNFZmfbmOfTAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0226-9233","institution":"Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Patrik","middleName":"Gustavo","lastName":"Wiesel","suffix":""},{"id":482072424,"identity":"4378f4b8-5e7f-4807-aa8d-1f2f5d6bf0a8","order_by":1,"name":"Bruno Deprá","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Bruno","middleName":"","lastName":"Deprá","suffix":""},{"id":482072425,"identity":"f44a7e19-b03f-4a1a-a35d-4c935f635d2e","order_by":2,"name":"Marcos Henrique Schroeder","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Marcos","middleName":"Henrique","lastName":"Schroeder","suffix":""},{"id":482072426,"identity":"bce68305-d92e-42bf-8308-56c73538ce19","order_by":3,"name":"Betina Mariela Barreto","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Betina","middleName":"Mariela","lastName":"Barreto","suffix":""},{"id":482072427,"identity":"05483c4c-0953-4553-a9b7-e09c71370f12","order_by":4,"name":"Humberto Oscar Burin Lange","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Humberto","middleName":"Oscar Burin","lastName":"Lange","suffix":""},{"id":482072428,"identity":"6752e835-75b9-4e7f-bc18-87ecc04a103d","order_by":5,"name":"Günther Knak","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Günther","middleName":"","lastName":"Knak","suffix":""},{"id":482072429,"identity":"f7fbb17d-3197-4876-98b7-8df0202a0484","order_by":6,"name":"Eduardo Rodrigo Ramos de Santana","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Eduardo","middleName":"Rodrigo Ramos","lastName":"de Santana","suffix":""},{"id":482072430,"identity":"1c7bfa5c-b79b-40f4-9e17-99b4c6866bf2","order_by":7,"name":"Andreas Köhler","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Andreas","middleName":"","lastName":"Köhler","suffix":""},{"id":482072431,"identity":"494b9b99-282e-49bb-bcae-fddde3e7ed31","order_by":8,"name":"Eduardo Alcayaga Lobo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Eduardo","middleName":"Alcayaga","lastName":"Lobo","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-06-25 18:54:28","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6977432/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6977432/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":86358057,"identity":"f86d7f94-d985-44ed-a39d-9ad8e8b0008d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-09 17:42:07","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":2855856,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eLocation of the Pardinho River Basin in Rio Grande do Sul. Distribution of phytosociological plots along the Permanent Preservation Areas of the Pardinho River.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"FIGURE1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6977432/v1/12b6b8eb1b5b2818bb69c99e.png"},{"id":86358058,"identity":"436c38cd-c50f-44a6-88d7-d472e357980c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-09 17:42:07","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":4389115,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eLand use and occupation considering a 50-m buffer from the central axis of the Pardinho River.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"FIGURE2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6977432/v1/a08cb41adb402403bf07a061.png"},{"id":86358062,"identity":"271c8672-fe0b-4fd1-9643-4969b2269d7c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-09 17:42:08","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":14146164,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eA.\u003c/strong\u003e Map of land use and occupation in the Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) of the Pardinho River with a 100-m buffer; \u003cstrong\u003eB.\u003c/strong\u003eMap showing the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index of the Pardinho’s PPAs; \u003cstrong\u003eC.\u003c/strong\u003eSlope map of the Pardinho River Basin; \u003cstrong\u003eD.\u003c/strong\u003e Soil map of the Pardinho River Basin. Used in hierarchical analysis.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"FIGURE3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6977432/v1/ad8fd5565057d542992122db.png"},{"id":86358280,"identity":"ab748570-1a66-45b7-b221-c8113617a711","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-09 17:50:08","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":743967,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eGraph showing the 20 main phytosociological species found in the Permanent Preservation Areas of the Pardinho River, considering the Importance Value Index (IVI).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"FIGURE4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6977432/v1/1b3d52c1a6c878e377df97be.png"},{"id":86358073,"identity":"766a8630-1ff3-4a05-98e7-e2a1596ac518","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-09 17:42:08","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":35766479,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePermanent Preservation Areas of the Pardinho River: \u003cstrong\u003eA\u003c/strong\u003e. Local road with significant vegetation deficit; \u003cstrong\u003eB.\u003c/strong\u003e Prominent presence of \u003cem\u003eHovenia dulcis\u003c/em\u003e; \u003cstrong\u003eC.\u003c/strong\u003ePresence of crops and vegetation deficit; \u003cstrong\u003eD.\u003c/strong\u003e Presence of local road and absence of tree vegetation.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"FIGURE5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6977432/v1/2d4edb4300bcdb5981f03713.png"},{"id":86358279,"identity":"77714c21-c213-4d8a-9c75-d5cf0a83c857","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-09 17:50:07","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":7207476,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFigure 7.\u003c/strong\u003e Risk classification map of the invasive species in the Permanent Preservation Areas of the Pardinho River.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"FIGURE6.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6977432/v1/2be6bc919e48d8f20e022faa.png"},{"id":86359416,"identity":"1e1cd769-f996-4c8c-adcb-db95693f0e26","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-09 18:06:36","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":61856569,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6977432/v1/a068e0cd-c12e-47bb-b77f-9441fe5ad03d.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eAssessment of the Ecological Vulnerability of the Forest Ecosystem in the Pardinho River Basin, RS, Brazil, Associated with the Risk of Biological Invasion by Hovenia dulcis Thunb\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"1. INTRODUCTION","content":"\u003cp\u003eRiparian areas form a transitional ecosystem between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, providing essential habitats and ecosystem services particularly vulnerable to global change (Rodr\u0026iacute;guez-Gonz\u0026aacute;lez et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e). These ecosystems are heterogeneous, with dynamic characteristics that give them distinct properties compared to adjacent aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems (Pandey et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe proper management of water quality and related ecosystems is explicitly included in Goal 6 of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to ensure this resource\u0026rsquo;s availability and sustainable use. Furthermore, SDG 15 focuses on protecting, restoring, and promoting the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably managing forests, combating desertification, halting and reversing land degradation, and preventing biodiversity loss (UN, 2023). The relationship between these two SDGs is evident, as sustainable water management cannot be achieved without protecting and restoring terrestrial ecosystems, and vice versa.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRivers and water bodies are vital sources supporting aquatic biodiversity and adjacent terrestrial ecosystems (Forio et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e; Riis et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). Protecting and preserving these riparian ecosystems are essential to maintaining the hydrological cycle, preventing soil erosion, and increasing the filtration of pollutants (Zhao et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR41\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). It contributes to water quality and the sustainability of water resources (Bywater-Reyes et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e) and provides important ecosystem services at local and watershed scales (Pfeiffer et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e). Brogna et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e) highlighted that the local effect of riparian vegetation is responsible for approximately 30% of water quality. However, this value can represent up to 70% when considering the regional effect within the ecoregion. In general terms, riparian vegetation also plays a fundamental role in aquatic and terrestrial food chains, providing habitat for a wide range of aquatic, amphibian, and terrestrial organisms (Goldstein \u0026amp; Dellasala, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eGoldstein \u0026amp; Dellasala (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e) emphasized that despite their high ecological value, riparian ecosystems are among the most altered, degraded, and vulnerable ecosystems on Earth, largely due to their position in the landscape being at critical points of intense human activity. The cumulative effects of several stress factors trigger a series of consequences that compromise biodiversity and ecosystem balance, emerging as one of the main threats to riparian and aquatic environments on a global scale. These effects result from the complex interaction of different environmental pressures, amplifying these ecosystems\u0026rsquo; challenges, exacerbating their vulnerability, and undermining their resilience (Bruno et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAmong the pressures these environments face, notable factors include human activities related to land use and occupation, habitat transformation, vegetation clearing for agriculture and development activities, urbanization, damming, grazing, mining, and invasive species that affect the ecological conditions of riparian habitats and, consequently, riparian forests (Zerme\u0026ntilde;o-Hern\u0026aacute;ndez et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e; Pandey et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSetshedi \u0026amp; Newete (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e) demonstrated that riparian areas are subject to biological invasion by trees, which can form landscape patches that threaten native plant populations. Invasive species negatively affect native species through competition and the spread of pathogens and can modify ecosystem functioning and the abiotic characteristics of the environment (Cameron et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e). Furthermore, introducing invasive plants is associated with a significant reduction in the fitness and growth of native plant species, which can lead to biodiversity loss and consequently affect ecosystem functions (Vil\u0026agrave; et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e). Brandalise et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e) also highlighted that changes in the landscape due to anthropic actions increase the invasion of exotic species and consequently lead to biodiversity loss. The high presence of invasive species such as \u003cem\u003eHovenia dulcis\u003c/em\u003e in riparian environments can alter energy availability in this ecosystem and the functioning of subtropical rivers (Fontana et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTherefore, it is necessary to develop cost-effective indicators that help identify which combinations of stress factors should be addressed to reverse the degradation of rivers and riparian vegetation, ensuring the long-term sustainability of these ecosystems (Carvalho et al., 2019). In this sense, Jiang et al. (2015) demonstrated that ecological degradation is mechanistically linked to ecosystem sustainability and that this is a practical methodology for assessing ecological vulnerability. Similarly, Cao et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e) classified land cover types based on transformation processes and ecosystem services to assess ecological degradation and restoration. Pace et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e) further demonstrated that continued advancements in remote sensing offer an unparalleled opportunity to address this challenge, also stating that the use of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was positively correlated with riparian vegetation quality and dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations, making it capable of predicting changes in vascular plant biomass. Furthermore, physical conditions such as soil characteristics, climatic variables, and biotic elements such as species composition form the basis for plant development and species interactions, enabling a series of biogeochemical cycles and ecological processes that sustain ecosystems (Bergamin et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn this context, this research aimed to develop a methodology for assessing the Ecological Vulnerability (EV) of riparian vegetation along the Pardinho River to biological invasion by the species \u003cem\u003eHovenia dulcis\u003c/em\u003e, using GIS tools and the creation of thematic maps through Hierarchical Data Analysis. These results were validated through field surveys and phytosociological analyses.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2. MATERIALS AND METHODS","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.1 Study Area\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe Pardinho River Basin (PRB) covers an area of 1,088.7 km\u0026sup2; and is one of the contributing basins of the Pardo River Basin, representing approximately 29% of its total area. Located in the central-eastern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, the PRB is of great importance as it is the primary source of drinking water supply for the municipality of Santa Cruz do Sul, which has a population of 133,320 (IBGE, 2022). Furthermore, it serves as a water source for irrigating crops and watering livestock (Santa Cruz do Sul Municipal Basic Sanitation Plan, 2018).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe PRB has an elongated shape, extending for approximately 105 km, with an altitudinal amplitude of 704 m, ranging from 10 m to 714 m in the northern region. The region is characterized by two varieties of subtropical climate: Cfa, which corresponds to humid conditions throughout the year with hot summers, and Cfb, characterized by humidity in all seasons with moderately hot summers, according to the K\u0026ouml;ppen-Geiger classification (Alvares et al., 2013; Geiger, 1954).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe PRB encompasses the Pampa Biome in its lower portion, close to the confluence with the Pardo River, and two distinct Atlantic Forest phytophysiognomies. The Deciduous Seasonal Forest predominates in the middle section, while the Mixed Ombrophilous Forest dominates in the upper section. The PRB has morphological, geological, and climatic attributes that favor rapid runoff during rain events. As a result, large volumes of water are recorded immediately after and during heavy rainfall, quickly depleting the basin\u0026rsquo;s storage capacity without allowing adequate infiltration and retention. These natural characteristics of the basin generate high flows in short periods, leading to low flows in subsequent periods due to its limited natural regulation capacity (REA, 2005).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn this context, this research aimed to analyze the phytosociology of the riparian tree community of the PRB, as well as the community structure before the catastrophic floods that affected the state of Rio Grande do Sul in May 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.2 Data Collection\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.2.1 Phytosociological Study\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSurveys were carried out in the Permanent Preservation Areas (PPA) to determine the riparian tree community of the Pardinho River, covering the lower, middle, and upper reaches. Forty random sample plots were established, each with a fixed area of 100 m\u0026sup2; (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). The inclusion criterion considered all trees with a Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) greater than 5 cm (measured at 1.30 m). Priority was given to the in-situ identification of individuals. When this was impossible, vegetative parts of the plant were collected, and detailed photographic records were taken for later identification using available literature (Sobral \u0026amp; Jarenkow, 2013; Backes \u0026amp; Irgang, 2002; 2004). The nomenclatures were verified using the REFLORA database (2020). The classification of families followed the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group IV (A.P.G. 2016).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe following phytosociological parameters were calculated: Absolute Density (ADe), Relative Density (RDe), Absolute Frequency (AFr), Relative Frequency (RFr), Absolute Dominance (ADo), Relative Dominance (RDo), Importance Value Index (IVI), and Coverage Value Index (CVI), following the methodology proposed by Mueller-Dombois \u0026amp; Ellenberg (1974), currently used in phytosociological studies (e.g., Souza et al., 2018; Kunwar et al., 2020; Melo et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRegarding the community structure, species richness (S), Shannon Diversity Index (H\u0026rsquo;), and Pielou Evenness Index (J\u0026rsquo;) were used, following the recommendations of Ludwig \u0026amp; Reynolds (1988). Data analysis was performed using PAST software, version 3.14 (Hammer et al., 2001).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.2.2 Geoprocessing\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eA 100-meter buffer was used on each side of the banks of the Pardinho River to construct the thematic maps, considering the central axis of the river as the starting point. This measure was chosen based on the current Brazilian Forest Code (Law 12,651 of May 25, 2012), which establishes general rules for the Protection of Native Vegetation, including PPAs, Legal Reserves, and Restricted Use Areas. Article 4 provides for permanent preservation areas and determines the marginal strips of any natural, perennial, and intermittent watercourses, starting from the regular bed channel, with a minimum width of: a) 30 meters for watercourses with a width of less than 10 meters; b) 50 meters for watercourses with a width between 10 and 50 meters; c) 100 meters for watercourses with a width between 50 and 200 meters; d) 200 meters for watercourses with a width between 200 and 600 meters; e) 500 meters for watercourses with a width greater than 600 meters. This study did not consider consolidated rural areas as defined by this law, which considers \u0026ldquo;areas of rural property with pre-existing human occupation before July 22, 2008.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn this sense, the Pardinho River has dimensions ranging from 20 to 50 meters. The river channel can reach up to 100 meters at some points. Therefore, a minimum PPA range of 50 meters must be respected. However, a land use and occupation map were created considering the minimum PPA of 30 meters stipulated in the legislation. Based on these definitions, five thematic maps were produced:\u003c/p\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1. Land Use and Occupation of PPAs, with buffers of 50 meters (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e) and 100 meters, using processed images from the CBERS-4A-WPM satellite, with a spatial resolution of the multispectral bands (i.e., Red, Green, and Blue) of eight meters and a panchromatic band of two meters. Digital image processing techniques included: i) multispectral color composition; ii) image fusion (\u0026ldquo;pansharpening\u0026rdquo;) to achieve color composition with a spatial resolution of two meters (Gram-Schmidt method) following the methodology of Oliveira (\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e), using object-oriented classification, which categorized: Native Forests, \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e, Infrastructure/Agriculture, and exposed soil (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003eA). This approach allowed quantifying the total areas of PPA and their uses, prioritizing the quantification of forest classes and the invasive \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e in these remnants. The image considered low cloud interference (less than 95%) during the peak vegetative period of vigor of \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e (hygrophytic phase, high transpiration), generally occurring from September to November as temperatures increase. During this period, the leaves of \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e have a light green coloration that can form large homogeneous patches in forest areas, contrasting with native plants, thus facilitating their recognition in high-resolution images (Cavender; Gamon; Townsend, 2020; Crisigiovanni et al., 2021). The spectral response in a healthy green leaf ranges from 430 nm to 660 nm. In the near-infrared region, reflectance increases significantly from 700 to 1200 nm. \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e responded at an average wavelength of 1100 nm.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2. NDVI: Using the same processed images from the CBERS-4A with a 2 x 2-m pixel size. This methodology is used to analyze satellite images to assess the health and density of vegetation in each area. The index is calculated based on the differences in reflectance of red and near-infrared light captured by the images. NDVI ranges from \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1 to 1, with higher values indicating greater plant density and health. Its importance lies in providing valuable insights into vegetation distribution, conditions, and changes over time (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003eB) (Huang et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e; Hossain; Li, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3. Slope: This map was created following the methodology proposed by Costa et al. (\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e), with values expressed in percentage (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003eC). Slope and ramp length are important variables for soil vulnerability studies. Understanding the slopes within a watershed is essential to identify areas of steeper inclines, which are more prone to erosion and higher runoff rates. Due to difficult access, steep areas often harbor valuable natural habitats rich in biodiversity.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4. Soil Map: This map was constructed using data from the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA, 2001) (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003eD). This factor is important, as soil plays a crucial role in water infiltration and drainage, directly influencing the hydrological cycle. Different soil types have different water retention capacities and permeability, affecting the amount of water that infiltrates the soil or flows across the surface into watercourses, influencing the selection of appropriate agricultural practices, erosion control, watershed management for water conservation, and the prevention of natural disasters such as landslides and floods.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.2.3 Hierarchical Data Analysis (HDA)\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHDA was applied to analyze and classify the four elements (Land Use and Occupation/Invasive Species Presence [100-m Buffer], NDVI, Soil Types, and Slope) based on hierarchical criteria. The HDA was performed using QGIS software with the \u0026ldquo;QGIS AHP\u0026rdquo; plugin. For each criterion, a value was assigned on a scale from 0 to 1, where 0 indicates equal importance, and 1 indicates extreme importance of one criterion over the other, using arbitrary hierarchical order. Land Use and Occupation was the most relevant criterion, receiving a weight of 0.623, followed by Soil (0.213), NDVI (0.108), and Slope (0.056). Subsequently, the criteria were weighted and combined using a weighted linear combination. A digital map of the biological invasion process risk levels by the species \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e was created and classified as Very High, High, Moderate, Low, and Very Low. The methodology was adapted to the reality of this research based on Cruz (\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e) and Falc\u0026atilde;o (\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e). The Consistency Ratio (CR) was then calculated by comparing the Consistency Index (CI) of the created matrix with the weights assigned to each variable and the Random Index (RI). The tabulated value of 0.89 for RI was used according to Falc\u0026atilde;o (\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e) for \u0026ldquo;n\u0026rdquo; of four criteria.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"3. RESULTS","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.1 Phytosociology\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe riparian tree community of the Pardinho River presented a Shannon diversity of H\u0026rsquo; = 3.45 and a Pielou evenness of J\u0026rsquo; = 0.78%. The sampled area was 4000 m\u0026sup2;, where 1107 tree individuals were identified, distributed in 82 species, and allocated in 29 botanical families (Table 1). The H\u0026rsquo; and J\u0026rsquo; values indicate that the community has a moderately high species richness, with a relatively even distribution in abundance. These values are generally positively associated with ecological health and ecosystem stability (Magurran, 2013), who also proposes the following classification for Shannon diversity (H\u0026rsquo;): H\u0026rsquo; \u0026lt; 1: Very Low; H\u0026rsquo; between 1 and 2: Low; H\u0026rsquo; between 2 and 3: Medium; H\u0026rsquo; between 3 and 4: High; H\u0026rsquo;\u0026gt; 4: Very High.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is important to note that the presence of 15 exotic species in the area highlights potential challenges for biodiversity conservation, namely: \u003cem\u003eCinnamomum verum; Citrus \u0026times; sinensis; Citrus bergamia; Citrus limon; Eriobotrya japonica;\u003c/em\u003e \u003cem\u003eEucalyptus\u003c/em\u003e sp.; \u003cem\u003eHovenia dulcis\u003c/em\u003e; \u003cem\u003eJacaranda mimosifolia\u003c/em\u003e; \u003cem\u003eLigustrum lucidum\u003c/em\u003e; \u003cem\u003eMangifera indica; Melia azedarach; Morus nigra; Persea americana; Psidium guajava; Tecoma stans; Tipuana tipu.\u003c/em\u003e This high number of exotic species, with a particular focus on the invasive \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e, may threaten the integrity of the local ecosystem. This issue is further emphasized by the results, where \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e showed the second-highest ADe of 272.5 individuals per hectare and the second-highest Relative Density (RDe) of 9.846%, indicating a significant presence in the community and demonstrating that the invader is abundant and widely distributed in the sampled area (Figure 4). Furthermore, \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e presented the second-largest basal area of 8.39 square meters and an ADo of 20.98 m ha\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c/sup\u003e, significantly contributing to the coverage and dominance within the community, especially in the middle course of the Pardinho River.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the other hand, species of greater ecological interest, such as endangered species and those immune to cutting, including \u003cem\u003eMyrocarpus frondosus\u003c/em\u003e (IVI = 0.929%), \u003cem\u003eErythrina falcata\u003c/em\u003e (IVI = 0.799%), \u003cem\u003eCedrela fissilis\u003c/em\u003e (IVI = 0.420%), \u003cem\u003eFicus luschnathiana\u003c/em\u003e (IVI = 0.399%), \u003cem\u003eAraucaria angustifolia\u003c/em\u003e (IVI = 0.174%), \u003cem\u003eFicus adhatodifolia\u003c/em\u003e (IVI = 0.157%), and \u003cem\u003eApuleia leiocarpa\u003c/em\u003e (IVI = 0.146%), presented low density and reduced IVI values. Furthermore, among the native species, \u003cem\u003eNectandra megapotamica\u003c/em\u003e presented the highest number of individuals (152), the highest ADe (380 individuals ha\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c/sup\u003e), RDe (13.7%), AFe (77.5%), RFe (7.5%), ADo (30.8 m\u0026sup2; ha\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c/sup\u003e), RDo (18.8%), CVI (16.3%), and IVI (13.3%).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen analyzing the species with the top 20 IVIs (Figure 4), it is important to highlight that five of them are exotic, cultivated, or invasive: \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eT. tipu, M. nigra, L. lucidum,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eand\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;Eucalyptus\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp\u003cem\u003e.\u003c/em\u003e The presence of these species among the most important in the community may indicate an imbalance in this ecosystem and the significant influence of invasive species on native species, potentially suppressing or displacing them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.2 Geoprocessing\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.2.1 Land Use and Occupation\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConsidering the 100-m buffer, the total PPA area was 2,618.8 hectares, of which 1,315.1 hectares represent the forest class. These values show a vegetation cover deficit of 49.8% in these areas. Another aggravating factor is the invasive species \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e class, which represents around 10.3% of the forest class. The vegetation deficit is mainly associated with using PPAs for agriculture and local roads (Figure 5). When considering the 50-m buffer, used only for comparison, the PPA area was 1,500.2 hectares, of which 782.7 hectares are formed by vegetation, with 83 hectares represented by invasive species. In this scenario, the vegetation deficit presents a slight difference of 47.8%, and the percentage of the invasive species remains stable at 10.6%.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.2.2 Soils\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThree soil types were identified in the PRB. The upper portion of the basin is predominantly made up of Red Argisol, formed by minerals and intrinsic characteristics such as textural B horizons with clay accumulation, nitic B horizons with low clay activity, and C horizons with material originating from the alteration of the underlying soil. These soils are generally well drained, reflecting weathering processes and transport of materials over time. They are commonly found in tropical climates, such as in Brazil, and are important for agriculture due to their natural fertility potential, helping cultivate various crops (EMBRAPA, 2023).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe presence of Lithic Neosols is notable in the middle section of the basin. These are shallow, poorly developed soils commonly found on mountain slopes, hilltops, and rocky areas. They typically have a thin organic layer over a mineral matrix with a few well-defined horizons. Due to their shallow depth and development, they may be limited for agricultural use and require soil conservation practices for sustainable management. The conservation of this soil class mainly involves preserving its vegetation cover and protecting it against erosive processes (EMBRAPA, 2023).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe lower section in the PRB is formed by Haplic Planosol, characterized by superficial or subsurface A and/or E horizon, with gleysolic characteristics (poorly drained soils) or textural or lithic B horizon. These are typical floodplain soils with a generally poor to imperfect hydrological regime, making them susceptible to temporary or permanent flooding. They play a critical role in maintaining biodiversity in floodplain ecosystems by providing habitats for various plant and animal species adapted to wet environments. Furthermore, these soils regulate the hydrological cycle, acting as recharge areas for aquifers and reducing flood risks (EMBRAPA, 2023).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.2.4 NDVI\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNDVI analysis provided insights into vegetation health and density based on the difference between red and near-infrared light reflectance captured by remote sensing. Vegetation PPAs of the Pardinho River ranged from -0.128 to 0.7431. Negative values typically indicate the absence of vegetation, artificial surfaces, or water bodies. In riparian vegetation, negative values may reflect areas without vegetation, such as sandbanks or recently disturbed areas. Values close to zero (0 to 0.2) may indicate riparian vegetation with minimal cover or stressed vegetation due to unfavorable environmental conditions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eModerate values (0.2 to 0.5) typically indicate healthy vegetation with good density and vigor. In this research, moderate values suggest areas with adequate vegetation cover and good health, representing ideal conditions for riparian habitats and associated ecosystems, although they do not consider the presence of invasive species. High values (0.5 to 1) indicate high vegetation density and good vegetative vigor. This analysis\u0026rsquo;s highest value of 0.74 indicates areas with lush and dense vegetation, likely to signify well-developed riparian habitats and healthy ecosystems. These data can be used to assess vegetation health and distribution, monitor changes over time, and support ecosystem management and conservation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.2.5 Analytical Hierarchical Data (AHD)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApplying the AHD method, based on arbitrarily assigned weights, resulted in the weighting eigenvectors presented in Table 2. The calculated CI was 0.03769, and the Random Consistency was 0.04235, indicating that the calculated dominant matrix was consistent. Thus, the eigenvectors calculated in the AHD for spatial analysis can be used.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe AHD resulted in a thematic map showing the risks of invasion by \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e along the PPAs of the Pardinho River (Figure 5). The first category on the map, \u0026ldquo;Very High\u0026rdquo; (red color), corresponds to areas with the highest potential invasion risks and is mainly concentrated in the middle and upper sections of the river. Likewise, the \u0026ldquo;High\u0026rdquo; category (orange) also presents high-risk areas. However, all risk classes can be observed along the river in varying proportions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe middle-lower and lower sections showed greater resilience to invasion, visually displaying the highest proportions of the \u0026ldquo;Moderate\u0026rdquo; (yellow) and \u0026ldquo;Low\u0026rdquo; (light green) classes. These results can be explained mainly by the Land Use and Occupation map, which received the greatest weight among the criteria considered.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"4. DISCUSSION","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe phytosociological results demonstrate a high IVI (9.24%) for \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e, corresponding to the second highest within the arboreal community. Combined with the Risk Map, the presence and occupation of the invasive \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e in the basin\u0026rsquo;s riparian ecosystem can be well established. These results highlight the importance of urgent monitoring and control measures for this invasive species. Furthermore, \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e presented the second highest ADe (272.5 ind. ha\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1\u003c/sup\u003e) and RDe (9.846%), indicating that the invader may be effectively competing with other species for resources and occupying a significant portion of the space within the forest.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe land use and occupation classification confirm the presence of \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e, covering 10.3% of the remaining forest areas. These findings illustrate the fragility of this ecosystem and could have severe implications for its conservation. Fontana et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e) corroborate this, showing that the presence of non-native tree species in riparian zones can affect the functioning of watercourses. Furthermore, they highlighted that the presence and dominance of the invasive \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e in riparian zones causes environmental homogenization, resulting in alterations in the composition of other biological communities (e.g., fungi and fish). This analysis is supported by Schmidt et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e), who demonstrated that through canopy and litter analysis, it is possible to infer that \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e can alter environmental conditions on a local scale. Furthermore, according to the same authors, dense populations of the invader can alter the availability of essential resources such as light, nutrients, and soil moisture.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAlthough the riparian arboreal community of Pardinho River presents a relatively high species diversity, Shannon H\u0026rsquo; = 3.4 and Pielou Evenness J\u0026rsquo; = 78.0%, this diversity was lower than that found by Melo et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e): H\u0026rsquo; = 3.8 and J\u0026rsquo; = 81.6% for the riparian communities of Andreas Stream in the Municipality of Vera Cruz, also a contributor to the RPB. However, the authors agreed that the main native species for this study, \u003cem\u003eN. megapotamica\u003c/em\u003e (IVI, 7.5%), showed an IVI of 13.3% for the Pardinho arboreal community. Furthermore, in comparative terms, the invasive \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e was the third species with the highest IVI (6.7%) (Melo et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e), while in this study, the species presented the second highest IVI (9.2%), thus representing a high dominance of the species in this ecosystem.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSpecies diversity and fragment size are not determining factors for invading \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e. According to Capellesso et al. (2023), the initial establishment of the invader in forest fragments occurs mainly in undisturbed subtropical habitats of the Atlantic Forest, emphasizing the potential for invasion of shaded environments with a well-developed understory. On the other hand, Catford et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e) states that the species prefers less dense forested areas. However, the invasive potential of the species is well documented in the literature, indicating that the invader can successfully colonize forested areas regardless of the successional stage (Schmidt et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e; Brandalise et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe presence of five exotic species among the top 20 IVIs in the community demonstrates a threat to this ecosystem. This analysis is supported by Gentili et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e), who showed that the presence of a dominant invasive species in riparian areas can lead to a reduction in the coverage of native species, favoring the increase of ruderal and exotic species, which can alter the structure of the vegetation. They further emphasized that this phenomenon can profoundly modify landscapes and displace native species and communities.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRegarding the main families of the study, the following stood out: Fabaceae (14), Myrtaceae (6), Euphorbiaceae (6), Lauraceae (5), Bignoniaceae (5), and Moraceae (4). These data are in agreement with Brazilian Flora (2020), which states that the plant families richest in tree species for southern Brazil are Myrtaceae (216 species), Fabaceae (130), Lauraceae (70), Euphorbiaceae (38), and Rubiaceae (38). Fabaceae dominate most neotropical forest biomes (Azevedo et al., 2020) and present the greatest diversity and number of tree species (de Lima et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e), followed by Myrtaceae (Sobral et al., 2015).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe risk classification map for \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e invasion was mainly influenced by the land use and occupation map and the presence of the invader, which are represented by the Very High (8.8%) and High (18.7%) classes. According to Lima et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e), the average seed dispersal of the invader is 30 meters from the matrix. This criterion was also the most relevant for Reis et al. (2021), who developed a vulnerability index to the biological invasion of \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e in urban green areas in Curitiba. However, the fragment\u0026rsquo;s format was an important criterion for these authors, which was irrelevant in our research context. The invader was found in all formations along the PPAs of the Pardinho River, mainly in the middle section of the river. This finding is further supported by the results of the phytosociological plots, which showed a greater occupancy of the invader, particularly between plots 14 and 29. Brandalise et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e) also stated that landscape metrics such as tree canopy, slope, land use, and fragment size do not correlate with \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e abundance.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe lower section of the river showed a significant decrease in the occurrence of the invader, which was observed \u003cem\u003ein situ\u003c/em\u003e and corroborating the vulnerability analysis. This is the area along the river with less undulating terrain. According to Schmidt et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e), slope is a factor that must be interpreted cautiously. In their analysis, only 10% of \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e populations were found on flat terrain, while 90% were on steep slopes. However, in the lower section of the Pardinho River, there was greater occupation by the invasive \u003cem\u003eM. nigra\u003c/em\u003e, which justifies a more in-depth study. Likewise, the upper section of the river, which is steeper, showed a decrease in the occurrence of the invader. According to Larsen et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e), H. \u003cem\u003edulcis\u003c/em\u003e is generally observed at lower altitudes due to its leaf characteristics, further emphasizing that \u003cem\u003eM. nigra\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e share the same functional gradient.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe inherent characteristics and factors acting in the PPAs of the Pardinho River, such as anthropic activity and the presence of invaders, are conducive to an increase in biological invasion, as represented in the Risk Map. According to Paganelli et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e), expert perceptions indicate there is a greater entry of invasive exotic species that occurs in areas with low to medium anthropic disturbance, areas with an intermediate biodiversity richness, with the presence of endemic/threatened/protected species, and the current presence of invaders.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe PRB is an area of intense agricultural activity, mainly due to the flattening of the terrain, which contributes to the vegetation deficit found in this study, 49.8% considering the 100-m buffer. A small difference was observed for the 50-m buffer, 47.8%. These values corroborate data presented in the diagnosis of water resources in the Rio Pardo River Basin (REA, 2005), which showed a vegetation deficit between 40 and 50% for the PPAs of the Pardinho River. Zerme\u0026ntilde;o-Hern\u0026aacute;ndez et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e) showed that human land-use activities affect the ecological condition of riparian habitats and, consequently, riparian forests. The authors also demonstrated the importance of developing low-cost and time-efficient indices that can facilitate the assessment of ecological conditions in riparian habitats.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe AHD applied in this research proved effective in identifying the area most vulnerable to invasion by \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e. In this sense, Nielsen \u0026amp; Fei (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e\u003cb\u003e)\u003c/b\u003e stated that the AHD-based methodology is a valuable tool for prioritizing the management of exotic plant invasions and establishing realistic boundaries, especially in watersheds. Reis et al. (2021) emphasized that assessing vulnerability to invasion by \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e at the landscape scale, together with other invasive alien species, tends to prioritize areas for their control due to the greater detail of the spatial parameters related to their occurrence.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe extreme rainfall that struck Rio Grande do Sul between April and May 2024 was one of the most severe climatic events in the state\u0026rsquo;s history, with significant impacts on PPAs along rivers, including the Pardinho River in the central region. Data from the National Institute of Meteorology (Inmet, 2024) recorded accumulated precipitation exceeding 600 mm between April 26 and May 5 in the central region, with peaks of 300 mm in 24 hours on April 30, approximately six times the historical April average (150 mm). This exceptional volume triggered floods and landslides that compromised the vegetation of PPAs, which is essential for soil stability and hydrological regulation. Intense erosion swept away soil and riparian vegetation, reducing the cover of arboreal and shrub species, as noted by MapBiomas specialists who highlighted the vulnerability of unprotected soils. Along the Pardinho River, the force of the waters destroyed stretches of riparian forest, exacerbating sedimentation and altering the dynamics of the aquatic ecosystem, leading to biodiversity losses and an increased risk of new erosive events in future rains. Furthermore, the destruction of native vegetation and changes in the riparian environment can directly influence the dynamic invasion of the exotic species \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e, affecting the patterns previously observed in the phytosociological study. These impacts reinforce the need for continued monitoring of vegetation regeneration and post-disturbance ecological interactions, especially in light of the increasing frequency of extreme events associated with climate change.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"CONCLUSION","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe application of AHD proved to be an effective tool in identifying priority areas for implementing control and management plans for the invasive \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e in the riparian areas of the Pardinho River PPAs. The results obtained through geoprocessing were compared and confirmed in the field with the application of 40 plots in the phytosociological study, which revealed that \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e presented the second highest ADe (272.5 ind. ha⁻¹), RDe (9.846%), and IVI of 9.24%, confirming the prominent presence of the species within the arboreal community.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Risk Map visually highlights the middle section of the river as the area of greatest risk of biological invasion, concentrating the largest proportions of the “High” and “Very High” risk classes, followed by the upper section. The lower section of the Pardinho River represents the area with the lowest risk of invasion, and further studies are needed to understand this phenomenon. However, the invasive species \u003cem\u003eM. nigra\u003c/em\u003e is much more prevalent in this river section, deserving special attention to better understand its impacts. This Risk Map provides a holistic view of the ecological conditions of the Pardinho River’s PPAs and can support management plans to control the invader and recover this environment, which provides numerous ecosystem services to the population.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis work was supported by CAPES Protocol PósDOC Grant numbers 88881691612022-01 and This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001. The authors declare that no other funding, grants, or financial support was received during the preparation of this manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting Interests\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor Contributions\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll authors contributed to the conception and design of the study. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Patrik Gustavo Wiesel, Bruno Deprá, Marcos Henrique Schroeder, Betina Mariela Barreto and Humberto Burin Lange. The authors Günther Knakf, Eduardo Rodrigo Ramos de Santanag and Andreas Köhlerh participated in the writing and review of the material. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Patrik Gustavo Wiesel and Eduardo Alcayaga Lobo and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBergamin, R. S., Molz, M., Rosenfield, M. F., Klipel, J., Biasotto, L. D., \u0026amp; Jarenkow, J. A. (2023). Forests in the South Brazilian grassland region. In South Brazilian grasslands: ecology and conservation of the Campos Sulinos (pp. 385-415). Cham: Springer International Publishing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBrandalise, M., Milesi, S. V., Sausen, T. L., \u0026amp; Decian, V. S. (2021). Do Landscape Elements Interfere in Hovenia Dulcis Thunb. Invasions in Subtropical Forest Fragments?.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBrogna, D., Dufr\u0026ecirc;ne, M., Michez, A., Latli, A., Jacobs, S., Vincke, C., \u0026amp; Dendoncker, N. (2018). Forest cover correlates with good biological water quality. Insights from a regional study (Wallonia, Belgium). 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Ecology letters, 14(7), 702-708.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZerme\u0026ntilde;o‐Hern\u0026aacute;ndez, I., Ben\u0026iacute;tez‐Malvido, J., Suazo‐Ortu\u0026ntilde;o, I., \u0026amp; M\u0026eacute;ndez‐Toribio, M. (2020). Impact of adjacent land use on the ecological condition of riparian habitats: The relation between condition and vegetation properties. Applied Vegetation Science, 23(4), 610-621.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZhao, Q., Ding, S., Liu, Q., Wang, S., Jing, Y., \u0026amp; Lu, M. (2020). Vegetation influences soil properties along riparian zones of the Beijiang River in Southern China. PeerJ, 8, e9699.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Tables","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 1.\u003c/strong\u003e List of species identified in the Permanent Preservation Areas of the Pardinho River, together with the phytosociological parameters calculated for the tree community.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEspecies\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNi\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDBH\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHEI\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBA\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eADe\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRDe\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAFe\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRFe\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eADo\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRDo\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCVI\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIVI\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(ind. ha\u003csup\u003e-\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026sup1;)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(m\u0026sup2; ha\u003csup\u003e-\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026sup1;)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eNectandra megapotamic\u003c/em\u003ea (Spreng.) Mez\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e152\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.332\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e380.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.731\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.470\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30.829\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.820\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.276\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.340\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHovenia dulcis\u003c/em\u003e Thunberg**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e109\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.393\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e272.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.846\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.060\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.984\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.810\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.328\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.239\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAllophylus edulis\u003c/em\u003e (A.St.-Hil., Cambess. \u0026amp; A. Juss.) Radlk.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.483\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e250.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.033\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e65.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.265\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.208\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.790\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.412\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.363\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCupania vernalis\u003c/em\u003e Cambess.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.174\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e187.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.775\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.542\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.436\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.319\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.047\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.212\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eLuehea divaricata\u003c/em\u003e Mart. \u0026amp; Zucc.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.595\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e135.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.878\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.892\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.988\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.487\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.182\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.419\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTipuana tipu\u003c/em\u003e (Benth.) Kuntze**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.110\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.265\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.274\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.324\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.294\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.771\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eDalbergia frutescens\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(Vell.) Britton\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.385\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e145.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.239\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.410\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.963\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.640\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.440\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.763\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMachaerium paraguariense\u003c/em\u003e Hassl.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.461\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e122.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.426\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.855\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.653\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.230\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.328\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.504\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDesvitalizada\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.574\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e102.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.704\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.096\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.936\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.403\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.053\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.401\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eParapiptadenia rigida\u003c/em\u003e (Benth.) Brenan\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.111\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.620\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.337\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.777\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.695\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.158\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.884\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEnterolobium contortisiliquum\u003c/em\u003e (Vell.) Morong\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.194\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.813\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.485\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.401\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.607\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.646\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCasearia sylvestris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eSw.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.531\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e65.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.349\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.855\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.329\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.811\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.580\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.338\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMorus nigra\u003c/em\u003e L.**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.898\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e75.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.710\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.410\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.245\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.371\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.040\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.163\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eOcotea pulchella\u003c/em\u003e (Nees) Mez\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.982\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e50.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.807\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.651\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.454\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.498\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.652\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.985\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEugenia uniflora\u003c/em\u003e L.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.336\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e50.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.807\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.651\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.839\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.512\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.160\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.657\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eLigustrum lucidum\u003c/em\u003e W.T.Ait. **\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.256\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.355\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.687\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.139\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.916\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.636\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.653\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEucalyptus\u003c/em\u003e sp.**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.650\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e47.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.716\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.124\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.518\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.117\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.652\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSapium glandulosum\u003c/em\u003e (L.) Morong\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.633\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.445\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.410\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.584\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.967\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.206\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.607\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTrichilia claussenii\u003c/em\u003e C.DC.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.588\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.355\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.169\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.469\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.897\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.126\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.473\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBauhinia forficata\u003c/em\u003e Link\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.158\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.265\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.651\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.395\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.753\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.385\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCordia trichotoma\u003c/em\u003e (Vell.) Arrab. ex Steud.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.747\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.174\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.687\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.868\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.141\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.157\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.334\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCabralea canjerana\u003c/em\u003e (Vell.) Mart.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.38\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.533\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.834\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.340\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.532\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.262\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCestrum strigillatum\u003c/em\u003e Ruiz \u0026amp; Pav.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.099\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.542\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.446\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.748\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.678\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.110\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.222\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSebastiania commersoniana\u003c/em\u003e (Baill.) L.B. Sm. \u0026amp; Downs\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.536\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.482\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.533\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.547\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.541\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.188\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMyrocarpus frondosu\u003c/em\u003es Allem\u0026atilde;o*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.137\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.632\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.446\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.161\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.709\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.671\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.929\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eChrysophyllum gonocarpum\u003c/em\u003e (Mart. \u0026amp; Eichler) Engl.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.178\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.903\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.687\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.288\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.176\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.540\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.922\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSchinus terebinthifolius\u003c/em\u003e Raddi\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.122\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.813\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.702\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.039\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.926\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.858\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSyagrus romanzoffiana\u003c/em\u003e (Cham.) Glassman\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.202\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.446\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.466\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.284\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.503\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.818\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eErythrina falcata\u003c/em\u003e Benth.*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.113\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.271\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.298\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.403\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.837\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.799\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCampomanesia xanthocarpa\u003c/em\u003e O.Berg\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.182\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.542\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.964\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.104\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.674\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.608\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.727\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEriobotrya japonic\u003c/em\u003ea (Thunb.) Lindl.**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.175\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.632\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.964\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.895\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.546\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.589\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.714\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAnnona sylvatica\u003c/em\u003e A. St.-Hil.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.032\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.632\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.205\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.284\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.173\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.403\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.670\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePhytolacca dioica\u003c/em\u003e L.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.291\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.361\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.281\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.782\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.572\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.622\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTrema micrantha\u003c/em\u003e (L.) Blume\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.072\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.452\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.482\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.354\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.826\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.639\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.587\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSebastiania schottiana\u003c/em\u003e (M\u0026uuml;ll.Arg.) M\u0026uuml;ll.Arg.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.813\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.342\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.209\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.511\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.582\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMatayba elaeagnoide\u003c/em\u003es Radlk.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.211\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.542\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.964\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.343\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.210\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.376\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.572\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePsidium guajava\u003c/em\u003e Linnaeus. Carl von**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.076\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.452\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.964\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.445\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.272\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.362\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.562\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eErythroxylum argentinum\u003c/em\u003e O.E.Schulz\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.134\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.361\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.964\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.305\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.186\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.274\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.504\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eJacaranda micrantha\u003c/em\u003e Cham.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.137\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.452\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.505\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.308\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.380\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.494\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePhyllanthus sellowianus\u003c/em\u003e (Klotzsch) M\u0026uuml;ll.Arg.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.178\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.813\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.482\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.283\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.173\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.493\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.489\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelia azedarach\u003c/em\u003e L.**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.122\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.361\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.454\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.277\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.319\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.454\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCedrela fissili\u003c/em\u003es Vell.*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.202\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.271\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.437\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.267\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.269\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.420\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSolanum sanctaecatharinae\u003c/em\u003e Dunal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.113\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.452\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.079\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.048\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.250\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.408\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eFicus luschnathiana\u003c/em\u003e (Miq.) Miq.*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.182\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.271\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.482\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.728\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.445\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.358\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.399\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAlbizia niopoides\u003c/em\u003e (Spruce ex Benth.) Burkart\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.175\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.542\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.482\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.181\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.111\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.326\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.378\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTrichilia elegans\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eA. Juss.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.032\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.361\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.046\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.028\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.195\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.371\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePeltophorum dubium\u003c/em\u003e (Spreng.) Taub.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.291\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.271\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.482\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.526\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.321\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.296\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.358\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHandroanthus chrysotrichus\u003c/em\u003e (Mart. ex A.DC.) Mattos\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.072\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.632\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.190\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.116\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.374\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.330\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSalix humboldtiana\u003c/em\u003e Willd.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.181\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.482\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.336\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.205\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.193\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.289\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCitrus bergamia\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(Risso)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.043\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.271\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e500\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.482\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.106\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.065\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.168\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.273\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePiper amalago\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eL.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.271\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.482\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.043\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.026\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.149\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.260\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eUrera baccifera\u003c/em\u003e (L.) Gaudich.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.029\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.181\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.482\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.073\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.045\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.113\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.236\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCordia ecalyculata\u003c/em\u003e Vell.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.181\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.482\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.039\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.102\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.229\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCitrus limo\u003c/em\u003en (L.) Osbeck**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.085\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.181\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.482\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.028\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.099\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.227\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMaclura tinctori\u003c/em\u003ea (L.) Don ex Steud.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.181\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.482\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.026\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.098\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.226\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSolanum mauritianu\u003c/em\u003em Scop.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.181\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.482\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.092\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.222\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eJacaranda mimosifolia\u003c/em\u003e D. Don 1822**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.212\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.531\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.324\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.207\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.218\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eGochnatia polymorpha\u003c/em\u003e (Less.) Cabr.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.159\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.398\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.243\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.167\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.191\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMangifera indica\u003c/em\u003e L. **\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.132\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.330\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.201\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.146\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.178\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAraucaria angustifoli\u003c/em\u003ea (Bertol.) Kuntze*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.126\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.314\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.192\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.141\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.174\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHandroanthus heptaphyllus\u003c/em\u003e (Mart.) Mattos\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.050\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.181\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.126\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.077\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.129\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.166\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePersea americana\u003c/em\u003e Mill.**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.108\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.269\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.164\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.127\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.165\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSeguieria langsdorffii\u003c/em\u003e Moq.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.039\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.181\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.097\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.059\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.120\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.160\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eFicus adhatodifolia\u003c/em\u003e Schott*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.091\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.227\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.139\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.114\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.157\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eInga marginata\u003c/em\u003e Willd.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.027\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.181\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.068\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.041\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.111\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.154\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eActinostemon concolor\u003c/em\u003e (Spreng.) M\u0026uuml;ll.Arg.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.181\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.041\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.025\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.103\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.149\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAlchornea triplinervia\u003c/em\u003e (Spreng.) M. Arg.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.071\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.177\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.108\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.099\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.146\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTecoma stans\u003c/em\u003e (L.) Juss. ex Kunth**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.071\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.177\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.108\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.099\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.146\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eApuleia leiocarpa\u003c/em\u003e (Vogel) J.F.Macbr.*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.181\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.027\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.098\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.146\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCeltis iguanae\u003c/em\u003ea (Jacq.) Sarg.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.042\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.104\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.063\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.077\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.132\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eErythrina cristagalli\u003c/em\u003e L.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.057\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.035\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.062\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.122\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCitrus\u003c/em\u003e \u0026times; \u003cem\u003esinensis**\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.044\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.027\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.059\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.119\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCinnamomum verum\u003c/em\u003e J.Presl**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.028\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.054\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.116\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEugenia uruguayensis\u003c/em\u003e Cambess.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.028\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.054\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.116\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eLithraea brasiliensi\u003c/em\u003es Marchand\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.052\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.115\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eManihot grahamii\u003c/em\u003e Hook.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.008\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.048\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.112\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMyrcianthes pungens\u003c/em\u003e (O.Berg) D. Legrand\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.048\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.112\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eOcotea acutifolia\u003c/em\u003e (Nees) Mez\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.048\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.112\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eInga vera\u003c/em\u003e Willd.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.047\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.112\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMyrsine umbellata\u003c/em\u003e Mart.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.047\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.112\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eVitex megapotamica\u003c/em\u003e (Spreng.) Moldenke\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.090\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.047\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.112\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTotal\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1107\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 7px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2767.5\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e100\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1037.5\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 4px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e100\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e163.81\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e100\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e100\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 5px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e100\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNi\u003c/strong\u003e - Number of Individuals; \u003cstrong\u003eDBH\u003c/strong\u003e - Diameter at Breast Height; \u003cstrong\u003eHEI\u003c/strong\u003e \u0026ndash; Height; \u003cstrong\u003eBA\u003c/strong\u003e - Basal Area; \u003cstrong\u003eADe\u003c/strong\u003e - Absolute Density; \u003cstrong\u003eRDe\u003c/strong\u003e - Relative Density; \u003cstrong\u003eAFe\u003c/strong\u003e - Absolute Frequency; \u003cstrong\u003eRFe\u003c/strong\u003e - Relative Frequency; \u003cstrong\u003eADo\u003c/strong\u003e - Absolute Dominance; \u003cstrong\u003eRDo\u003c/strong\u003e - Relative Dominance; \u003cstrong\u003eCVI\u003c/strong\u003e - Coverage Value Index; \u003cstrong\u003eIVI\u003c/strong\u003e - Importance Value Index.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 2.\u003c/strong\u003e Weights arbitrarily assigned to each criterion and the weighting eigenvectors achieved.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"100%\" class=\"fr-table-selection-hover\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 13px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCriteria\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEigenvector\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u0026ordm; Cr\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP V D*W\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 9px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLambda\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eL M\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 13px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLand Use\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.62281\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"4\" style=\"width: 6px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.89164\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 9px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.6428\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"4\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.11309\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"4\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03769\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"4\" style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"4\" style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.04235\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 13px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSoil\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.21353\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.77661\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 9px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.6369\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 13px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNDVI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.10803\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.41499\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 9px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.8411\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 13px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSlope\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.05560\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.24086\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 9px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.3314\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 3.\u003c/strong\u003e Invasion risk classes for \u003cem\u003eHovenia dulcis\u003c/em\u003e in the Permanent Preservation Areas of the Pardinho River and the percentage of each class.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRisk Class\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eArea (hectares)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePercentage (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVery High\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e229.284\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHigh\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e490.790\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.71\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eModerate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e525.060\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLow\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e734.526\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVery Low\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e640.162\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24.42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTOTAL\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2,619.822\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 33px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e100\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"biological-invasions","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"binv","sideBox":"Learn more about [Biological Invasions](https://www.springer.com/journal/10530)","snPcode":"10530","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10530/3","title":"Biological Invasions","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Hierarchical Analysis, Risk Map, Hovenia dulcis, Ecosystem Services, Pardinho River Basin, RS","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6977432/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6977432/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eRiparian forests, transitional ecosystems between terrestrial and aquatic environments, are vital for habitats and ecosystem services but are highly vulnerable to human-induced stressors like land use changes, deforestation, urbanization, damming, grazing, mining, and invasive species introduction. This study developed an Ecological Vulnerability Index for the riparian vegetation of the Pardinho River, RS, focusing on the risk of invasion by \u003cem\u003eHovenia dulcis\u003c/em\u003e (Japanese raisin tree). Using a Geographic Information System, key parameters were weighted: Land Use and Occupation (0.623), Soil (0.213), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (0.108), and Slope (0.056). These were combined to create a digital Risk Map for \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e invasion, categorized as Very High (8.8%), High (18.7%), Moderate (20.0%), Low (28.1%), and Very Low (24.4%). Very High and High-risk areas cover 27.5% of the study area, indicating significant vulnerability. Field surveys in 40 phytosociological plots (100 m\u0026sup2; each) validated land-use classification and assessed the arboreal community. The Shannon diversity index (H\u0026rsquo;) was 3.45, and the Pielou evenness index (J\u0026rsquo;) was 0.78, reflecting moderate species richness and evenness. However, 15 exotic species were identified, with \u003cem\u003eH. dulcis\u003c/em\u003e showing high Absolute Density (272.5 ind. ha⁻\u0026sup1;), Relative Density (9.846%), and Importance Value Index (9.239%), posing a major threat. The Ecological Vulnerability Index effectively identified priority areas for managing invasive species in the Permanent Preservation Areas of the Pardinho River, supporting sustainable ecosystem management.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Assessment of the Ecological Vulnerability of the Forest Ecosystem in the Pardinho River Basin, RS, Brazil, Associated with the Risk of Biological Invasion by Hovenia dulcis Thunb","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-07-09 17:42:03","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6977432/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2025-07-08T07:39:02+00:00","index":0,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-07-08T02:26:07+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"Biological Invasions","date":"2025-07-04T22:21:11+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-07-01T12:47:08+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Biological Invasions","date":"2025-07-01T07:35:47+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"biological-invasions","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"binv","sideBox":"Learn more about [Biological Invasions](https://www.springer.com/journal/10530)","snPcode":"10530","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10530/3","title":"Biological Invasions","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"0e5b4acf-6edd-42d5-bc04-66d3e243186f","owner":[],"postedDate":"July 9th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-07-09T17:42:03+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-07-09 17:42:03","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6977432","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6977432","identity":"rs-6977432","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}