The effect of hypertensive diseases on death patterns and healthy ageing in Pudong, Shanghai: a population-based study

Hypertensive diseases (HT) have become one of the leading causes of death among older people in developing countries, but data on HT-related deaths and HT-specific deaths in the whole population in the context of healthy ageing have not been well studied. We analysed the HT-related death and HT-specific death spectrum, crude mortality rate (CMR), age-standardized mortality rate by Segi’s world standard population (ASMRW), years of life lost (YLL) and age-specific proportion and then used the Joinpoint Regression Program to analyse the trends. We also studied the mortality rate increases by demographic age structure factors by the decomposition method. Of all 110,393 HT-related deaths, there were 5,757 HT-specific deaths in Pudong, Shanghai, from 2005–2020. The CMR, ASMRW, YLL and YLL rates of HT-related deaths (and HT-specific deaths) were 244.73/10 5 (12.76/10 5 ) person-years, 79.86/10 5 (4.22/10 5 ) person-years, 846,645.55 (43,912.98) years and 1,876.94/10 5 (97.35/10 5 ), respectively. The top 3 common causes of death among HT-related deaths (and HT-specific deaths) were cerebrovascular disease (heart disease), heart disease (renal failure) and diabetes mellitus (cerebrovascular disease). The HT-related and HT-specific CMR increased with age and year (all P  < 0.05). The age-specific mortality rates decreased in age group 70–79 years, while in other groups, they increased or stabilized. The CMR caused by demographic age structure factors increased in the two groups (all P  < 0.05). Our study provides new insights into the mortality trend of HT in a hyperaged society. As a common disease among older people, the burden of HT requires further study to meet the needs of healthy ageing.