Lignin-based chemical looping fuel cell using Ca2Fe2O5 as oxygen carrier for power generation

Lignin-based chemical looping fuel cell using Ca2Fe2O5 as oxygen carrier for power generation | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Lignin-based chemical looping fuel cell using Ca 2 Fe 2 O 5 as oxygen carrier for power generation Atsuhiro Sumiya, Naohiro Ikeda, takashi hibino This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8225310/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Recent research has developed systems for the chemical looping (CL) gasification of biomass using iron (Fe)-based metal oxides as oxygen carriers (OCs). The present study constructed a CL fuel cell utilizing lignosulfonate, a type of technical lignin, as the fuel and compared the performance obtained with Ca 2 Fe 2 O 5 and Fe 2 O 3 as the OC materials. At 800°C, the redox reactions of Ca 2 Fe 2 O 5 and Fe 2 O 3 were found to be continuous and stepwise, respectively, during both chemical and electrochemical processes. This difference affected the reoxidation to regenerate the metal oxides upon discharge rather than the reduction to metallic Fe by the lignosulfonate. The Ca 2 Fe 2 O 5 was almost completely regenerated to its original structure whereas the Fe 2 O 3 was only reoxidized to FeO and Fe 3 O 4 . The power densities of these fuel cells were comparable, with values of 0.353 W cm –2 for the Ca 2 Fe 2 O 5 cell and 0.364 W cm –2 for the Fe 2 O 3 cell. This equivalent performance is attributed to the similar internal resistances of both cells resulting from the strong effect of metallic Fe. However, the difference in reoxidation between the two OCs significantly affected the energy density. The Ca 2 Fe 2 O 5 cell showed an energy density of 0.755 Wh g – 1 whereas a value of just 0.491 Wh g – 1 was obtained from the Fe 2 O 3 cell. Similar results were observed in trials with Miscanthus sinensis , a grassy biomass, as the fuel. The use of Ca 2 Fe 2 O 5 as the OC evidently increases the power generation efficiency of biomass-based fuel cells. Physical sciences/Chemistry Physical sciences/Energy science and technology Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences Physical sciences/Materials science Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files Submittedsupportinginfomation.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8225310","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":553603918,"identity":"4b116aa4-e527-4466-96c0-843eb61afb93","order_by":0,"name":"Atsuhiro Sumiya","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Nagoya University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Atsuhiro","middleName":"","lastName":"Sumiya","suffix":""},{"id":553603921,"identity":"6425bad6-fbc8-49f8-968a-2bc2aee48967","order_by":1,"name":"Naohiro Ikeda","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Nagoya 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generation\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8225310/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8225310/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eRecent research has developed systems for the chemical looping (CL) gasification of biomass using iron (Fe)-based metal oxides as oxygen carriers (OCs). The present study constructed a CL fuel cell utilizing lignosulfonate, a type of technical lignin, as the fuel and compared the performance obtained with Ca\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eFe\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e5\u003c/sub\u003e and Fe\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e as the OC materials. At 800\u0026deg;C, the redox reactions of Ca\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eFe\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e5\u003c/sub\u003e and Fe\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e were found to be continuous and stepwise, respectively, during both chemical and electrochemical processes. This difference affected the reoxidation to regenerate the metal oxides upon discharge rather than the reduction to metallic Fe by the lignosulfonate. The Ca\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eFe\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e5\u003c/sub\u003e was almost completely regenerated to its original structure whereas the Fe\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e was only reoxidized to FeO and Fe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e. The power densities of these fuel cells were comparable, with values of 0.353 W cm\u003csup\u003e\u0026ndash;2\u003c/sup\u003e for the Ca\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eFe\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e5\u003c/sub\u003e cell and 0.364 W cm\u003csup\u003e\u0026ndash;2\u003c/sup\u003e for the Fe\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e cell. This equivalent performance is attributed to the similar internal resistances of both cells resulting from the strong effect of metallic Fe. However, the difference in reoxidation between the two OCs significantly affected the energy density. The Ca\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eFe\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e5\u003c/sub\u003e cell showed an energy density of 0.755 Wh g\u003csup\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e whereas a value of just 0.491 Wh g\u003csup\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e was obtained from the Fe\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e cell. Similar results were observed in trials with \u003cem\u003eMiscanthus sinensis\u003c/em\u003e, a grassy biomass, as the fuel. The use of Ca\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eFe\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e5\u003c/sub\u003e as the OC evidently increases the power generation efficiency of biomass-based fuel cells.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Lignin-based chemical looping fuel cell using Ca2Fe2O5 as oxygen carrier for power generation","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-12-05 18:02:49","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8225310/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"ddf5ce4e-275f-4a49-9878-596b5a15faf5","owner":[],"postedDate":"December 5th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":58981810,"name":"Physical sciences/Chemistry"},{"id":58981811,"name":"Physical sciences/Energy science and technology"},{"id":58981812,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences"},{"id":58981813,"name":"Physical sciences/Materials science"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-12-11T09:39:06+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-12-05 18:02:49","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8225310","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8225310","identity":"rs-8225310","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}