New Autoinducing Peptides Regulate Antibiotic Production for Sculpting Microbiome

New Autoinducing Peptides Regulate Antibiotic Production for Sculpting Microbiome | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article New Autoinducing Peptides Regulate Antibiotic Production for Sculpting Microbiome Yong-Xin Li, Nanzhu Chen, Peiyan Cai, Xiaoqian Lin, Zhi-Man Song, and 5 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5906896/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Microbes recruit signaling molecules to regulate multiple physiological processes and mediate chemical interactions with a diverse community of microbes in habitats. Decoding these chemical languages is instrumental in comprehending microbial regulatory mechanisms within complex microbiota. Here, we discover a novel class of autoinducing peptides (AIPs) derived from the plant-probiotic bacterium Paenibacillus polymyxa, identified as Pp-AIPs. Omics analyses coupled with genetic manipulations revealed that Pp-AIP1 could effectively modulate the production of multiple antimicrobial secondary metabolites at nanomolar concentration, a finding that broadens our understanding of antimicrobial regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, through inoculating Paenibacillus in the natural rhizosphere microbiome and validating its antagonistic interactions against root microbes, we confirmed that Paenibacillus employs Pp-AIPs to shape the root microbiome through antimicrobial regulation. Our global analysis of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) further revealed that many unexplored AIPs co-occur with and likely regulate a variety of secondary metabolites. This study significantly underscores the unreported roles of autoinducing peptides in regulating antibiotic production and microbiome sculpting, enhancing our understanding of microbial interaction mechanisms within complex microbiota. Biological sciences/Chemical biology/Chemical ecology Biological sciences/Microbiology/Antimicrobials/Antibiotics Biological sciences/Microbiology/Microbial communities/Microbiome Biological sciences/Microbiology/Microbial communities/Microbial ecology Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files 20250126SupportingInformation.pdf SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION 20250125SupplementaryData.xlsx SUPPLEMENTARY DATA SETs 1-5 Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5906896","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":411012102,"identity":"0c1a6f34-8584-4e88-850c-0bb8b16d0f61","order_by":0,"name":"Yong-Xin 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