Medicinal Assessment of Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.): Antibacterial, Phytochemical, and Nutritional Profiling

Medicinal Assessment of Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.): Antibacterial, Phytochemical, and Nutritional Profiling | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Medicinal Assessment of Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) : Antibacterial, Phytochemical, and Nutritional Profiling Mustapha Sulaiman, Amina Lawan Abubakar, Ma’aruf Abdulmumin Muhammad, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4783541/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract While pharmaceutical drugs often come with detrimental side effects such as liver damage and addiction, the Hibiscus cannabinus L. (kenaf) plant has proven to be a promising traditional medicinal alternative. However, there are extremely few studies to investigate the variability of medicinal and nutritional parameters in Kenaf tissues. The phytochemicals, proximate composition, mineral content, amino acid content, and antibacterial activity of kenaf tissues have been studied and compared using advanced techniques. UPLC analysis reveals that leaves contain the highest concentration of caffeic acid (76.4 mg/100 g), which is also present in stem bark (51.3 mg/100 g). GC-MS analysis shows linoleic acid is predominant in seeds (46.23%) and stem bark (40.7%), while E-Phytol is mostly in leaves (33.5%) and hexadecanoic acid in flowers. Phenolic analysis indicates water as the most effective extraction solvent, with leaves showing the highest phenolic content (592.1 mg/100 g). Water remains the best solvent for flavonoid extraction, with flowers and leaves having the highest flavonoid concentrations (722.1 mg/100 g and 552.2 mg/100 g, respectively). Seed is the most nutritious, containing the highest amount of crude protein and nitrogen-free extract. Stem bark is rich in calcium (883 mg/kg) and potassium (3093 mg/kg). Amino acid analysis shows seeds are high in glutamic acid and aspartic acid, while proline is predominant in stem bark. Leaf tissue exhibits the strongest antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus , suggesting its potential use in antibacterial applications. This demonstrates the research's contributions to possible uses of Kenaf in health and nutrition. Chemical Biology Profiling Phytochemicals Nutritional Analysis Hibiscus cannabinus L. and Antibacterial Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4783541","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":330327232,"identity":"ddabb457-000e-4959-b80c-d3beeaee3a78","order_by":0,"name":"Mustapha 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However, there are extremely few studies to investigate the variability of medicinal and nutritional parameters in Kenaf tissues. The phytochemicals, proximate composition, mineral content, amino acid content, and antibacterial activity of kenaf tissues have been studied and compared using advanced techniques. UPLC analysis reveals that leaves contain the highest concentration of caffeic acid (76.4 mg/100 g), which is also present in stem bark (51.3 mg/100 g). GC-MS analysis shows linoleic acid is predominant in seeds (46.23%) and stem bark (40.7%), while E-Phytol is mostly in leaves (33.5%) and hexadecanoic acid in flowers. Phenolic analysis indicates water as the most effective extraction solvent, with leaves showing the highest phenolic content (592.1 mg/100 g). Water remains the best solvent for flavonoid extraction, with flowers and leaves having the highest flavonoid concentrations (722.1 mg/100 g and 552.2 mg/100 g, respectively). 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