Added value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the diagnosis of primary retroperitoneal serous adenocarcinoma: a case report.

BackgroundPrimary retroperitoneal serous adenocarcinoma (PRSA) is a rare malignant disease. Given the rarity of the disease, the imaging features of PRSA are unclear. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) also plays an important role in the evaluation of the differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal lesions.Case presentationWe report the case of a 62-year-old woman of with increased CA125 levels for 1 year who was referred to our hospital. After conducting contrast-enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, the mass was misdiagnosed as a chocolate cyst. After transvaginal ultrasound (TUS) combined with CEUS, cystadenocarcinoma was considered as the initial diagnosis. Pathology results confirmed PRSA as the final diagnosis.ConclusionsCEUS features of PRSA are reported for the first time based on this case, potentially aiding in the differential diagnosis of this rare entity before surgery.