Not just greening, vegetation height also important! The nonlinear effect of multi dimensional residential environment on coronary stenosis in cardiovascular patients

Not just greening, vegetation height also important! The nonlinear effect of multi dimensional residential environment on coronary stenosis in cardiovascular patients | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Not just greening, vegetation height also important! The nonlinear effect of multi dimensional residential environment on coronary stenosis in cardiovascular patients Ziru Chen, Yaru Yan, Hongkui Chen, Jiayi Wu, Zibin Lin This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9412016/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 7 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) pose a significant threat to global health. As a crucial factor associated with CVD, the residential environment has emerged as a critical focus in recent research. However, the nonlinear relationship between the 2 dimensional (2D) and 3 dimensional (3D) residential environmental features and CVD health outcomes remain unknown. Therefore, this study aims to investigate this relationship by integrating the arteriosclerosis health outcomes of 1841 CVD patients from 379 communities in Fuzhou with multi-source environmental data. The 15-minute walking isochrone unites of participants were constructed. Spatial auto-correlation and kernel density estimation were employed to reveal spatial differentiation patterns. CatBoost based SHAP model was applied to explore the nonlinear effects between 2D and 3D residential environmental features and coronary stenosis severity. The results show: (1) Regardless of whether covariates were considered, VH consistently emerged as the primary environmental feature influencing coronary stenosis (CAS), with its significant surpassing of all 2D environmental features. (2) There is a complex nonlinear relationship between environmental features and CAS severity. UL stands as the second major risk factor contributing to CAS. It is not the case that a higher NDVI is always better. The BH shows the health benefits of CAS within a moderate range. (3) The influence of the environment on the CAS shows heterogeneity across genders and age groups. Overall, this study provides a greater insight into the nonlinear relationship between the residential environment and CAS health outcomes. These findings equip urban planners with targeted understanding for optimizing residential environments and improving public health. Health sciences/Cardiology Health sciences/Diseases Health sciences/Health care residential environment coronary stenosis nonlinear association China Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers agreed at journal 14 May, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 09 May, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 07 May, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 07 May, 2026 Editor invited by journal 05 May, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 21 Apr, 2026 First submitted to journal 21 Apr, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9412016","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":640432115,"identity":"463fa061-9632-49d8-b432-2a56864c8744","order_by":0,"name":"Ziru Chen","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA0klEQVRIie3PsQrCMBCA4RMhXa50k5MKvkKLYBfBV2lx1d1JOkg294ov4eh4pdApDyC4CELnipOgoB0UXExGwfxLLnDfcAA22w/mpCyaFwHazPXcgCC/iUjyTBkREK9xULhLE9IqquN5t+hF2bRmN4W+12ENgTIK10pgbz/bcncH4XoTfydjUMJ3JSLRk4QK4uCgIdiQu6QnmR45kaakJYOGAOdmpBx2VzJGwirIU0X6W5CKiq5yMSZncrrc5qO+52sIEH9+NetNXmqwZLPZbP/dA2KrQrpkYxfEAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Fujian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ziru","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":640432116,"identity":"855a77c4-ec16-4a51-8214-062ec8774a3b","order_by":1,"name":"Yaru Yan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Fujian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yaru","middleName":"","lastName":"Yan","suffix":""},{"id":640432117,"identity":"88729a6d-1872-4601-91dd-afe220420c3f","order_by":2,"name":"Hongkui Chen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Fujian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hongkui","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":640432118,"identity":"91fbee27-882e-40c4-8efb-528466e27abe","order_by":3,"name":"Jiayi Wu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Fujian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jiayi","middleName":"","lastName":"Wu","suffix":""},{"id":640432119,"identity":"bdfc27dc-da34-4672-8dba-79feda1770b7","order_by":4,"name":"Zibin Lin","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Fujian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zibin","middleName":"","lastName":"Lin","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-04-14 07:39:01","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9412016/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9412016/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":109497864,"identity":"8acd029b-9340-4fb6-90b1-7f978550ac5a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-05-18 20:39:43","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1725315,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9412016/v1_covered_b01aa104-74eb-4d69-baf4-075f6272657b.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Not just greening, vegetation height also important! 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