Mucoperiosteal Flap versus Simple Curettage for Jaw Cysts: A Retrospective CBCT Study of 3D Bone Regeneration and Tooth Stability

Mucoperiosteal Flap versus Simple Curettage for Jaw Cysts: A Retrospective CBCT Study of 3D Bone Regeneration and Tooth Stability | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Mucoperiosteal Flap versus Simple Curettage for Jaw Cysts: A Retrospective CBCT Study of 3D Bone Regeneration and Tooth Stability Beibei Zhang, Ruixiang Li, Yongfeng Chen This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9114955/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted 11 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background: Odontogenic jaw cysts often result in bone defects that typically heal spontaneously after enucleation. This study compared two enucleation techniques in terms of postoperative bone regeneration and adjacent tooth stability using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: In this retrospective single-center cohort study, 60 patients with jaw cysts were allocated to two groups (n = 30 each): group A (mucoperiosteal flap with ostectomy) and group B (limited curettage). CBCT scans were obtained preoperatively and at 3, 6, and 9 months postoperatively. Defect volume, surface area, and grayscale values were quantified using three-dimensional reconstruction. Tooth mobility was assessed at each follow-up.Longitudinal changes were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), and tooth stability was evaluated using generalized mixed models. Results: Both groups showed significant bone regeneration over time (p < 0.001). At 9 months, the flap group demonstrated a significantly smaller residual defect volume (0.25 ± 0.10 vs. 0.44 ± 0.15 cc; p < 0.001) and surface area (158 ± 50 vs. 208 ± 60 mm²; p = 0.002). Grayscale values increased in both groups, with higher early values observed in the flap group at 3 months (p = 0.01), although intergroup differences diminished by 9 months. Tooth mobility improved in both groups, with higher stability rates in the flap group at 9 months (90% vs. 67%; odds ratio = 4.5, p = 0.03). Conclusions: Both surgical approaches achieved substantial bone regeneration. However, the mucoperiosteal flap technique was associated with faster early bone regeneration and improved tooth stability. This approach may facilitate earlier functional recovery following jaw cyst treatment Jaw cysts Mucoperiosteal–osseous flap Osteogenic regeneration Tooth mobility Cone-beam computed tomography Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 24 Apr, 2026 Reviews received at journal 23 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 14 Apr, 2026 Reviews received at journal 12 Apr, 2026 Reviews received at journal 06 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 06 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 03 Apr, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 01 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 25 Mar, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 25 Mar, 2026 First submitted to journal 25 Mar, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9114955","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":617102052,"identity":"d3687b67-3cc8-4e79-9b37-a91b99b9d7bb","order_by":0,"name":"Beibei Zhang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Beibei","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""},{"id":617102053,"identity":"14ae1653-187e-43f6-b19c-60c547e1bc5b","order_by":1,"name":"Ruixiang Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Bengbu Medical College","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ruixiang","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""},{"id":617102054,"identity":"dd2103ed-4e63-4e4f-9c51-218278b4afc6","order_by":2,"name":"Yongfeng Chen","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAyUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACCQaGDx8qDiTwMzMffECsFsaZM84cSJBsZ0s2IFrLbN62AwkG53nMBIjSwT+7x7Bxxpk7ecaHGcwYGGpsoglbcueMYcOHimfFZocZ0h4wHEvLbSCkxUAix/zhjDOHE7cdZjhuwNhwmCgths28bYcTNzcztkmQpmUDMzMbcVokbqQVAr1/uFjiMBuzQQIxfuGfkbwR6P3Defz95z8++FBjQ1gLAwMHUgQmEFYOAuwPiFM3CkbBKBgFIxcAAKZaSKDJ2yQ5AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yongfeng","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-03-13 12:54:01","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9114955/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9114955/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":106404198,"identity":"49958c83-a6f1-4c2f-8d88-e324101d1795","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-08 09:15:37","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":758132,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"MucoperiostealFlapversusSimpleCurettageforJawCystsARetrospectiveCBCTStudyof3DBoneRegenerationandToothStability.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9114955/v1_covered_fee8a134-0d34-4051-a916-b617cd635375.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Mucoperiosteal Flap versus Simple Curettage for Jaw Cysts: A Retrospective CBCT Study of 3D Bone Regeneration and Tooth Stability","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-oral-health","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ohea","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Oral Health](http://bmcoralhealth.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/ohea/default.aspx","title":"BMC Oral Health","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Jaw cysts, Mucoperiosteal–osseous flap, Osteogenic regeneration, Tooth mobility, Cone-beam computed tomography","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9114955/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9114955/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground:\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eOdontogenic jaw cysts often result in bone defects that typically heal spontaneously after enucleation. This study compared two enucleation techniques in terms of postoperative bone regeneration and adjacent tooth stability using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMethods:\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this retrospective single-center cohort study, 60 patients with jaw cysts were allocated to two groups (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;30 each): group A (mucoperiosteal flap with ostectomy) and group B (limited curettage). CBCT scans were obtained preoperatively and at 3, 6, and 9 months postoperatively. Defect volume, surface area, and grayscale values were quantified using three-dimensional reconstruction. Tooth mobility was assessed at each follow-up.Longitudinal changes were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), and tooth stability was evaluated using generalized mixed models.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults:\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eBoth groups showed significant bone regeneration over time (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001). At 9 months, the flap group demonstrated a significantly smaller residual defect volume (0.25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.10 vs. 0.44\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.15 cc; p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001) and surface area (158\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;50 vs. 208\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;60 mm\u0026sup2;; p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.002). Grayscale values increased in both groups, with higher early values observed in the flap group at 3 months (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.01), although intergroup differences diminished by 9 months. Tooth mobility improved in both groups, with higher stability rates in the flap group at 9 months (90% vs. 67%; odds ratio\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;4.5, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.03).\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusions:\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eBoth surgical approaches achieved substantial bone regeneration. However, the mucoperiosteal flap technique was associated with faster early bone regeneration and improved tooth stability. This approach may facilitate earlier functional recovery following jaw cyst treatment\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Mucoperiosteal Flap versus Simple Curettage for Jaw Cysts: A Retrospective CBCT Study of 3D Bone Regeneration and Tooth Stability","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-04-06 18:03:54","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9114955/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2026-04-24T06:14:57+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-04-23T17:47:00+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"25143236634910737058375815662904306702","date":"2026-04-14T17:16:13+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-04-12T16:29:20+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-04-06T11:31:58+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"192398112460891816402604899482825724155","date":"2026-04-06T11:13:06+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"128706160919020286030646767727696895211","date":"2026-04-03T10:51:37+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2026-04-01T10:06:46+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2026-03-25T16:07:18+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2026-03-25T13:43:48+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Oral Health","date":"2026-03-25T13:38:18+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-oral-health","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ohea","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Oral Health](http://bmcoralhealth.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/ohea/default.aspx","title":"BMC Oral Health","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"5117d5c4-e377-4768-980d-3ec61aadc932","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 6th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"in-revision","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-24T06:25:56+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-04-06 18:03:54","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-9114955","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-9114955","identity":"rs-9114955","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}