A case of bilateral lambdoid and sagittal synostosis diagnosed with skull fracture after vacuum-assisted delivery: A case report and literature review

Abstract Craniosynostosis (CS) can develop in the fetal period, but it is difficult to diagnose prenatally. In this case, a 3-month-old female baby developed extensive subgaleal hematoma and severe anemia after vacuum-assisted delivery, and her CT showed bilateral lambdoid sagittal synostosis (BLSS) with a depressed fracture of the right parietal bone. She was referred to our hospital for treatment of the CS, and at 4 months of age, she underwent bilateral lambda and sagittal suturectomy and foramen magnum decompression. CS may result in trauma at delivery, because CS disturbs fetal head molding during delivery and disrupts passage through the birth canal. In particular, the risk of severe peripartum trauma is thought to increase in cases of CS with multiple suture fusions, such as those observed in BLSS, because of the strong inhibition of this process of passage through the birth canal.