WITHDRAWN: Cytotoxic Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus pacificus and Scardovia wiggsiae strains associated with Noma in Senegal

WITHDRAWN: Cytotoxic Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus pacificus and Scardovia wiggsiae strains associated with Noma in Senegal | medRxiv /* */ /* */ <!-- <!-- /*! * yepnope1.5.4 * (c) WTFPL, GPLv2 */ (function(a,b,c){function d(a){return"[object Function]"==o.call(a)}function e(a){return"string"==typeof a}function f(){}function g(a){return!a||"loaded"==a||"complete"==a||"uninitialized"==a}function h(){var a=p.shift();q=1,a?a.t?m(function(){("c"==a.t?B.injectCss:B.injectJs)(a.s,0,a.a,a.x,a.e,1)},0):(a(),h()):q=0}function i(a,c,d,e,f,i,j){function k(b){if(!o&&g(l.readyState)&&(u.r=o=1,!q&&h(),l.onload=l.onreadystatechange=null,b)){"img"!=a&&m(function(){t.removeChild(l)},50);for(var d in y[c])y[c].hasOwnProperty(d)&&y[c][d].onload()}}var j=j||B.errorTimeout,l=b.createElement(a),o=0,r=0,u={t:d,s:c,e:f,a:i,x:j};1===y[c]&&(r=1,y[c]=[]),"object"==a?l.data=c:(l.src=c,l.type=a),l.width=l.height="0",l.onerror=l.onload=l.onreadystatechange=function(){k.call(this,r)},p.splice(e,0,u),"img"!=a&&(r||2===y[c]?(t.insertBefore(l,s?null:n),m(k,j)):y[c].push(l))}function j(a,b,c,d,f){return q=0,b=b||"j",e(a)?i("c"==b?v:u,a,b,this.i++,c,d,f):(p.splice(this.i++,0,a),1==p.length&&h()),this}function k(){var a=B;return a.loader={load:j,i:0},a}var l=b.documentElement,m=a.setTimeout,n=b.getElementsByTagName("script")[0],o={}.toString,p=[],q=0,r="MozAppearance"in l.style,s=r&&!!b.createRange().compareNode,t=s?l:n.parentNode,l=a.opera&&"[object Opera]"==o.call(a.opera),l=!!b.attachEvent&&!l,u=r?"object":l?"script":"img",v=l?"script":u,w=Array.isArray||function(a){return"[object Array]"==o.call(a)},x=[],y={},z={timeout:function(a,b){return b.length&&(a.timeout=b[0]),a}},A,B;B=function(a){function b(a){var a=a.split("!"),b=x.length,c=a.pop(),d=a.length,c={url:c,origUrl:c,prefixes:a},e,f,g;for(f=0;f<d;f++)g=a[f].split("="),(e=z[g.shift()])&&(c=e(c,g));for(f=0;f<b;f++)c=x[f](c);return c}function g(a,e,f,g,h){var i=b(a),j=i.autoCallback;i.url.split(".").pop().split("?").shift(),i.bypass||(e&&(e=d(e)?e:e[a]||e[g]||e[a.split("/").pop().split("?")[0]]),i.instead?i.instead(a,e,f,g,h):(y[i.url]?i.noexec=!0:y[i.url]=1,f.load(i.url,i.forceCSS||!i.forceJS&&"css"==i.url.split(".").pop().split("?").shift()?"c":c,i.noexec,i.attrs,i.timeout),(d(e)||d(j))&&f.load(function(){k(),e&&e(i.origUrl,h,g),j&&j(i.origUrl,h,g),y[i.url]=2})))}function h(a,b){function c(a,c){if(a){if(e(a))c||(j=function(){var a=[].slice.call(arguments);k.apply(this,a),l()}),g(a,j,b,0,h);else if(Object(a)===a)for(n in m=function(){var b=0,c;for(c in a)a.hasOwnProperty(c)&&b++;return b}(),a)a.hasOwnProperty(n)&&(!c&&!--m&&(d(j)?j=function(){var a=[].slice.call(arguments);k.apply(this,a),l()}:j[n]=function(a){return function(){var b=[].slice.call(arguments);a&&a.apply(this,b),l()}}(k[n])),g(a[n],j,b,n,h))}else!c&&l()}var h=!!a.test,i=a.load||a.both,j=a.callback||f,k=j,l=a.complete||f,m,n;c(h?a.yep:a.nope,!!i),i&&c(i)}var i,j,l=this.yepnope.loader;if(e(a))g(a,0,l,0);else if(w(a))for(i=0;i (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];var j=d.createElement(s);var dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.src='//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;j.type='text/javascript';j.async=true;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-P4HH5NV'); Skip to main content Home About Submit ALERTS / RSS Search for this keyword Advanced Search Withdrawn WITHDRAWN: Cytotoxic Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus pacificus and Scardovia wiggsiae strains associated with Noma in Senegal Ousmane Ndour , View ORCID Profile Georges Diatta , View ORCID Profile Rayan Semmar , View ORCID Profile Maryam Tidjani Alou , Mamadou Beye , Anissa Idrissa Abdoulaye , Nathalie Duclos , View ORCID Profile Lucile Pinault , Mame Coumba Gueye , Gregory Dubourg , View ORCID Profile Anthony Levasseur , View ORCID Profile Bernard La Scola , Codou Badiane , View ORCID Profile Cheikh Sokhna , View ORCID Profile Matthieu Million doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.25.25329255 Ousmane Ndour 1 Aix Marseille Univ , MEPHI, Marseille, France 2 IHU-Méditerranée Infection , Marseille, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Georges Diatta 3 Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, MINES, Campus International IRD-UCAD , Dakar, Sénégal Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site ORCID record for Georges Diatta Rayan Semmar 1 Aix Marseille Univ , MEPHI, Marseille, France 2 IHU-Méditerranée Infection , Marseille, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site ORCID record for Rayan Semmar Maryam Tidjani Alou 1 Aix Marseille Univ , MEPHI, Marseille, France 2 IHU-Méditerranée Infection , Marseille, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site ORCID record for Maryam Tidjani Alou Mamadou Beye 1 Aix Marseille Univ , MEPHI, Marseille, France 2 IHU-Méditerranée Infection , Marseille, France 4 Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille , Marseille, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Anissa Idrissa Abdoulaye 1 Aix Marseille Univ , MEPHI, Marseille, France 2 IHU-Méditerranée Infection , Marseille, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Nathalie Duclos 2 IHU-Méditerranée Infection , Marseille, France 4 Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille , Marseille, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Lucile Pinault 1 Aix Marseille Univ , MEPHI, Marseille, France 2 IHU-Méditerranée Infection , Marseille, France 4 Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille , Marseille, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site ORCID record for Lucile Pinault Mame Coumba Gueye 5 Centre de Santé Darou Khoudoss , Touba, Senegal Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Gregory Dubourg 1 Aix Marseille Univ , MEPHI, Marseille, France 2 IHU-Méditerranée Infection , Marseille, France 4 Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille , Marseille, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Anthony Levasseur 2 IHU-Méditerranée Infection , Marseille, France 4 Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille , Marseille, France 6 Aix Marseille Univ , SSA, APHM, RITMES, Marseille, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site ORCID record for Anthony Levasseur Bernard La Scola 1 Aix Marseille Univ , MEPHI, Marseille, France 2 IHU-Méditerranée Infection , Marseille, France 4 Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille , Marseille, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site ORCID record for Bernard La Scola Codou Badiane 7 Senegalese Health Minister of Health , Dakar, Senegal Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Cheikh Sokhna 2 IHU-Méditerranée Infection , Marseille, France 3 Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, MINES, Campus International IRD-UCAD , Dakar, Sénégal 6 Aix Marseille Univ , SSA, APHM, RITMES, Marseille, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site ORCID record for Cheikh Sokhna For correspondence: matthieumillion{at}gmail.com cheikh.sokhna{at}ird.fr Matthieu Million 1 Aix Marseille Univ , MEPHI, Marseille, France 2 IHU-Méditerranée Infection , Marseille, France 4 Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille , Marseille, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site ORCID record for Matthieu Million For correspondence: matthieumillion{at}gmail.com cheikh.sokhna{at}ird.fr Abstract Info/History Metrics Preview PDF Withdrawal Statement The authors have withdrawn their manuscript because of a disagreement regarding the list of authors. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as reference for the project. If you have any questions, please contact the corresponding author. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as reference for the project. If you have any questions, please contact the corresponding author. Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. Funding Statement This work was supported by a grant from the French Government managed by the National Research Agency under the Investissements d avenir (Investments for the Future) programme with the reference ANR-10-IAHU-03 (Mediterranee Infection), by the Contrat Plan Etat-Region and the European funding FEDER IHUPERF. This work was also supported by the Institut pour la Recherche et le Developpement (IRD) with the GDRI DySAM. Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below: The National Ethics Committee for Health Research (CNERS) of Senegal SP 0000216 has given its ethical approval for this work. I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable. Yes Footnotes The authors have withdrawn their manuscript because of a change in the publication strategy. Copyright The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license . View the discussion thread. Back to top Previous Next Posted September 11, 2025. Download PDF Email Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about medRxiv. 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Share WITHDRAWN: Cytotoxic Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus pacificus and Scardovia wiggsiae strains associated with Noma in Senegal Ousmane Ndour , Georges Diatta , Rayan Semmar , Maryam Tidjani Alou , Mamadou Beye , Anissa Idrissa Abdoulaye , Nathalie Duclos , Lucile Pinault , Mame Coumba Gueye , Gregory Dubourg , Anthony Levasseur , Bernard La Scola , Codou Badiane , Cheikh Sokhna , Matthieu Million medRxiv 2025.06.25.25329255; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.25.25329255 Share This Article: Copy Citation Tools WITHDRAWN: Cytotoxic Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus pacificus and Scardovia wiggsiae strains associated with Noma in Senegal Ousmane Ndour , Georges Diatta , Rayan Semmar , Maryam Tidjani Alou , Mamadou Beye , Anissa Idrissa Abdoulaye , Nathalie Duclos , Lucile Pinault , Mame Coumba Gueye , Gregory Dubourg , Anthony Levasseur , Bernard La Scola , Codou Badiane , Cheikh Sokhna , Matthieu Million medRxiv 2025.06.25.25329255; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.25.25329255 Citation Manager Formats BibTeX Bookends EasyBib EndNote (tagged) EndNote 8 (xml) Medlars Mendeley Papers RefWorks Tagged Ref Manager RIS Zotero Tweet Widget Facebook Like Google Plus One Subject Area Infectious Diseases (except HIV/AIDS) Subject Areas All Articles Addiction Medicine (568) Allergy and Immunology (863) Anesthesia (300) Cardiovascular Medicine (4435) Dentistry and Oral Medicine (444) Dermatology (382) Emergency Medicine (608) Endocrinology (including Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Disease) (1509) Epidemiology (15229) Forensic Medicine (30) Gastroenterology (1124) Genetic and Genomic Medicine (6600) Geriatric Medicine (668) Health Economics (997) Health Informatics (4536) Health Policy (1368) Health Systems and Quality Improvement (1613) Hematology (541) HIV/AIDS (1264) Infectious Diseases (except HIV/AIDS) (15916) Intensive Care and Critical Care Medicine (1103) Medical Education (623) Medical Ethics (146) Nephrology (667) Neurology (6599) Nursing (346) Nutrition (998) Obstetrics and Gynecology (1144) Occupational and Environmental Health (957) Oncology (3332) Ophthalmology (974) Orthopedics (369) Otolaryngology (420) Pain Medicine (436) Palliative Medicine (130) Pathology (663) Pediatrics (1693) Pharmacology and Therapeutics (691) Primary Care Research (711) Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology (5447) Public and Global Health (9232) Radiology and Imaging (2198) Rehabilitation Medicine and Physical Therapy (1370) Respiratory Medicine (1196) Rheumatology (593) Sexual and Reproductive Health (712) Sports Medicine (530) Surgery (712) Toxicology (99) Transplantation (289) Urology (265) (function(){function c(){var b=a.contentDocument||a.contentWindow.document;if(b){var d=b.createElement('script');d.innerHTML="window.__CF$cv$params={r:'a00ab3384837c13d',t:'MTc3OTYwODkyOA=='};var a=document.createElement('script');a.src='/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/scripts/jsd/main.js';document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(a);";b.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(d)}}if(document.body){var a=document.createElement('iframe');a.height=1;a.width=1;a.style.position='absolute';a.style.top=0;a.style.left=0;a.style.border='none';a.style.visibility='hidden';document.body.appendChild(a);if('loading'!==document.readyState)c();else if(window.addEventListener)document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',c);else{var e=document.onreadystatechange||function(){};document.onreadystatechange=function(b){e(b);'loading'!==document.readyState&&(document.onreadystatechange=e,c())}}}})();