A Study of Clinical Spectrum of Fibroid Uterus in Patients Attending Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Cervical leiomyoma forms the most common type of malignant tumor in the uterus, as well as pelvic tumor most common in women. It occurs in one in four or five women of childbearing age. Fibroid is an estrogen-dependent tumor. It is believed that symptomatology depends on the number, size and location of the tumor, although most leimoyomas are believed to be undetectable and progressively slow so present was carried out to study clinical spectrum of fibroid uterus in patients attending tertiary care hospital and the pathological changes in endometrium and cervix in patients having fibroid uterus. Material and Methods: Present study was single-center, prospective Cross-sectional study, conducted in patients attending OPD of Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology of tertiary care centre during study period September 2019-August 2021. Patients with USG confirmed uterine fibroid and fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Results: In present study majority of study subjects were from age group 36-45 years contributing 25 (62.5%) followed by >45 years 12(30%). Mean age of study participants was 42.5 years. Intramural fibroids were the most common type of fibroid among study subjects contributing 21 (52.5%) followed by Subserosal 09(22.5%), Submucosal 08(20%) and Cervical fibroid contributed 02 (5%) respectively. Adenomyosis contributing 14 (35%) followed by Chronic cervicitis and Poplys in 07 cases (17.5%). Most common endometrial pattern among cases of fibroid was proliferative contributing 23 (57.5%) followed by Secretary 6 (15%), Hyperplastic 05 (12.5%). Conclusion: The high prevalence of anaemia in fibroid cases. Increased urinary frequency, lower pelvic pain and dysuria were most common presenting complaints. Intramural fibroids were the most common type of fibroid among study subjects. Most of the cases were trated with total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingoopherectomy. Proliferative pattern was most common endometrial pattern after histopathological examination and hyaline deneration was seen in most the cases with degenerative changes in current study.