Витамин Д и фертильность: систематический обзор

The aim of this review was to assess the studies that evaluated the relationship between vitamin D and fertility in women and in animals. А systematic literature search рerformed in Pubmed. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) and vitamin D metabolizing enzymes are found in reproductive tissues of women and men. VDR knockout mice have significant gonadal insufficiency, ovary and uterus. Moreover, we present evidence that vitamin D is involved in female reproduction including IVF outcome and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In PCOS women, low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels are associated with obesity, metabolic, and endocrine disturbances and vitamin D supplementation might improve menstrual frequency and metabolic disturbances in those women. Moreover, vitamin D might influence steroidogenesis of sex hormones (estradiol and progesterone) in healthy women and high 25(OH)D levels might be associated with endometriosis.