Endometriosis and the potential role of biomarkers in its diagnosis and treatment: A narrative review

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This review discusses endometriosis, its symptoms, causes, and the diagnostic potential of microRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers for early detection and treatment management.

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This narrative review discusses endometriosis, a disorder in which endometrial tissue–derived lesions arise in extrauterine sites and is often linked to infertility and chronic pain, while noting that its exact cause remains incompletely understood and involves immunological, hormonal, and neurological mechanisms. It highlights that laparoscopy is the diagnostic gold standard but is invasive and can delay diagnosis by 7–11 years, motivating the search for non-invasive biomarkers. The review focuses on the diagnostic value of microRNAs, stating that expression of multiple microRNAs in endometriosis tissue and serum is increased and that investigating these biomarkers could enable earlier, non-invasive diagnosis and help prevent harmful complications, while acknowledging that identifying endometriosis-related genes is difficult. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it reviews microRNA biomarkers for diagnosis and potential roles in diagnosis and management of endometriosis.

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Abstract

Lesions originating from endometrial tissue in extrauterine organs such as pelvic peritoneum, ovaries and intestines are called endometriosis. This condition, which is related to infertility, is associated with chronic pain in most women. Although the exact cause of this condition has not yet been fully determined, the immunological, hormonal and neurological factors are involved in the mechanisms that cause its symptoms. The gold standard method for diagnosing this disease is laparoscopy, which, due to its invasiveness nature, delays the diagnosis of this disease by 7-11 years, and may lead to irreversible consequences. Therefore, there is always a need for non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis of the disease. In this review, the diagnostic value of MicroRNAs (MiRs) in endometriosis was discussed. The expression of a number of MiRs in the tissue and serum of patients with endometriosis increases for various reasons, and the rapid investigation of these biomarkers can help in the early and non-invasive diagnosis of this disease by preventing harmful complications. In general, although it is difficult to identify genes that are related to endometriosis, it can be very helpful in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment management of this disease. In this narrative review, at first, the classification and investigation of clinical symptoms as well as some hypotheses about the cause of endometriosis are examined, and finally, some biomarkers that have acceptable sensitivity and characteristics for the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis are introduced.
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مجله علوم پزشکی فیض (پیوسته) (Dec 2023) Endometriosis and the potential role of biomarkers in its diagnosis and treatment: A narrative review Abstract Lesions originating from endometrial tissue in extrauterine organs such as pelvic peritoneum, ovaries and intestines are called endometriosis. This condition, which is related to infertility, is associated with chronic pain in most women. Although the exact cause of this condition has not yet been fully determined, the immunological, hormonal and neurological factors are involved in the mechanisms that cause its symptoms. The gold standard method for diagnosing this disease is laparoscopy, which, due to its invasiveness nature, delays the diagnosis of this disease by 7-11 years, and may lead to irreversible consequences. Therefore, there is always a need for non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis of the disease. In this review, the diagnostic value of MicroRNAs (MiRs) in endometriosis was discussed. The expression of a number of MiRs in the tissue and serum of patients with endometriosis increases for various reasons, and the rapid investigation of these biomarkers can help in the early and non-invasive diagnosis of this disease by preventing harmful complications. In general, although it is difficult to identify genes that are related to endometriosis, it can be very helpful in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment management of this disease. In this narrative review, at first, the classification and investigation of clinical symptoms as well as some hypotheses about the cause of endometriosis are examined, and finally, some biomarkers that have acceptable sensitivity and characteristics for the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis are introduced.

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