Testicular niche repair after gonadotoxic treatments: Current knowledge and future directions

Testicular niche repair after gonadotoxic treatments: Current knowledge and future directions Amirhossein Mohammadi Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Search for more papers by this authorZahra Bashiri Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Omid Fertility & Infertility Clinic, Hamedan, Iran Search for more papers by this authorSara Rafiei Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran Search for more papers by this authorHamidreza Asgari Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Search for more papers by this authorRonak Shabani Reproductive Sciences and Technology Research Center, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Search for more papers by this authorSeyedJamal Hosseini Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials and Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author Morteza Koruji Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Correspondence Morteza Koruji, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Highway, Tehran, 14496-14535, Iran. Email: [email protected] Search for more papers by this authorAmirhossein Mohammadi Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Search for more papers by this authorZahra Bashiri Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Omid Fertility & Infertility Clinic, Hamedan, Iran Search for more papers by this authorSara Rafiei Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran Search for more papers by this authorHamidreza Asgari Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Search for more papers by this authorRonak Shabani Reproductive Sciences and Technology Research Center, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Search for more papers by this authorSeyedJamal Hosseini Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials and Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author Morteza Koruji Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Correspondence Morteza Koruji, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Highway, Tehran, 14496-14535, Iran. Email: [email protected] Search for more papers by this authorAbstract The testicular niche, which includes the germ cells, somatic cells, and extracellular matrix, plays a crucial role in maintaining the proper functions of the testis. Gonadotoxic treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, have significantly improved the survival rates of cancer patients but have also been shown to have adverse effects on the testicular microenvironment. Therefore, repairing the testicular niche after gonadotoxic treatments is essential to restore its function. In recent years, several approaches, such as stem cell transplantation, gene therapy, growth factor therapy, and pharmacological interventions have been proposed as potential therapeutic strategies to repair the testicular niche. This comprehensive review aims to provide an overview of the current understanding of testis damage and repair mechanisms. We will cover a range of topics, including the mechanism of gonadotoxic action, repair mechanisms, and treatment approaches. Overall, this review highlights the importance of repairing the testicular niche after gonadotoxic treatments and identifies potential avenues for future research to improve the outcomes for cancer survivors. CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest in this study. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were generated. REFERENCES - Abo-Elmaksoud, A. & Sinowatz, F. (2005) Expression and localization of growth factors and their receptors in the mammalian testis. Part I: Fibroblast growth factors and insulin-like growth factors. Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia, 34(5), 319–334. - Abram McBride, J. & Lipshultz, L.I. (2018) Male fertility preservation. 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