Enhanced tunable dielectric properties of K and Mg co-doped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 thin film

Enhanced tunable dielectric properties of K and Mg co-doped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 thin film | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Enhanced tunable dielectric properties of K and Mg co-doped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 thin film Laishram Rashi Devi, Bilasini Naorem, Arijit Chowdhuri, Monika Tomar, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7444017/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Barium strontium titanate (Ba 1 − x Sr x TiO 3 , BST) is well known mixed oxide exhibiting perovskite structure with tunable dielectric and ferroelectric properties, which vary based on the composition and temperature. In this study, Barium strontium titanate (Ba 0.6 Sr 0.4 TiO 3 ), co-doped with donor dopant (K + ) and acceptor dopant (Mg 2+ ) has been prepared by sol-gel technique using a programmable spin coater on transparent ITO coated glass substrates. Influence of K (@5%)/Mg (@2%, 5%, 8%, 10%) co-doping has thereafter been investigated on the structural and dielectric properties of the films. Crystallite size of the samples has been noted to decrease from 33 nm to 24 nm with increasing Mg 2+ doping concentration, which is attributed to the substitution of Ti 4+ ions by smaller Mg 2+ ions. Also the tunability of the material is noted to reduce from 69–61% at a frequency of 1 kHz and 10V bias voltage and the same is ascribed to the reduced grain size of the material. However, the dielectric loss is observed to decrease with augmentation in Mg 2+ concentration which in turn leads to enhancement in the figure of merit (FOM) of the material from 101 to 290. From the results obtained in the current investigation K/Mg co-doping in BST can be perceived to be a promising way to optimize the dielectric properties of BST thin films for their potential application in microwave tunable device application. BST Thin films Dielectric property Tunability Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7444017","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":520008144,"identity":"5ac96753-48b8-4832-86f3-9b46fa510954","order_by":0,"name":"Laishram Rashi Devi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Manipur University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Laishram","middleName":"Rashi","lastName":"Devi","suffix":""},{"id":520008145,"identity":"a891abe1-b22e-4bd4-a1d3-363b80771efd","order_by":1,"name":"Bilasini Naorem","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Miranda House, University of 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film","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"BST, Thin films, Dielectric property, Tunability","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7444017/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7444017/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eBarium strontium titanate (Ba\u003csub\u003e1\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;x\u003c/sub\u003eSr\u003csub\u003ex\u003c/sub\u003eTiO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, BST) is well known mixed oxide exhibiting perovskite structure with tunable dielectric and ferroelectric properties, which vary based on the composition and temperature. In this study, Barium strontium titanate (Ba\u003csub\u003e0.6\u003c/sub\u003eSr\u003csub\u003e0.4\u003c/sub\u003eTiO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e), co-doped with donor dopant (K\u003csup\u003e+\u003c/sup\u003e) and acceptor dopant (Mg\u003csup\u003e2+\u003c/sup\u003e) has been prepared by sol-gel technique using a programmable spin coater on transparent ITO coated glass substrates. Influence of K (@5%)/Mg (@2%, 5%, 8%, 10%) co-doping has thereafter been investigated on the structural and dielectric properties of the films. Crystallite size of the samples has been noted to decrease from 33 nm to 24 nm with increasing Mg\u003csup\u003e2+\u003c/sup\u003e doping concentration, which is attributed to the substitution of Ti\u003csup\u003e4+\u003c/sup\u003e ions by smaller Mg\u003csup\u003e2+\u003c/sup\u003e ions. Also the tunability of the material is noted to reduce from 69\u0026ndash;61% at a frequency of 1 kHz and 10V bias voltage and the same is ascribed to the reduced grain size of the material. However, the dielectric loss is observed to decrease with augmentation in Mg\u003csup\u003e2+\u003c/sup\u003e concentration which in turn leads to enhancement in the figure of merit (FOM) of the material from 101 to 290. From the results obtained in the current investigation K/Mg co-doping in BST can be perceived to be a promising way to optimize the dielectric properties of BST thin films for their potential application in microwave tunable device application.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Enhanced tunable dielectric properties of K and Mg co-doped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 thin film","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-10-01 13:49:18","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7444017/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"5ac05ee9-2f4b-4aca-b74a-94aa243ae5d1","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 1st, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-10-13T00:53:31+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-10-01 13:49:18","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7444017","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7444017","identity":"rs-7444017","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}