Integrated Clinical and Genomic Assessment of Small Cell Bladder Carcinoma Using Population-Based and Mutational Data

Integrated Clinical and Genomic Assessment of Small Cell Bladder Carcinoma Using Population-Based and Mutational Data | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Integrated Clinical and Genomic Assessment of Small Cell Bladder Carcinoma Using Population-Based and Mutational Data Chongzhou Liao, Bohan Luo, Ting Zhang, Youlong Huili, Dong Lv, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7129824/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted 13 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background Small cell carcinoma of the bladder (SCCB) is rare, with unclear clinical and prognostic features. This study aims to identify factors influencing SCCB prognosis and develop a predictive clinical model. Materials and Methods Data from the SEER database (2004–2015) were analyzed. The Cox regression analyses identified prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). To predict the prognosis of SCCB, we used COX combined with LASSO regression to select variables for constructing nomograms, and compared survival outcomes of high- and low-risk score groups using Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves. We evaluated the model by using ROC curves, calibration curves, and DCA. Results SCCB patients had advanced tumor stages at diagnosis, with significantly poorer OS (15 vs. 22 months, P < 0.001) and CSS (18 vs. 30 months, P < 0.001) compared to transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). Chemotherapy and radical cystectomy (RC) were independent protective factors. The nomogram for OS and CSS included TNM stage, M stage, and chemotherapy, with age included only in the OS model. High-risk SCCB patients had significantly shorter OS (9 vs. 31 months, P < 0.001) and CSS (10 vs. 59 months, P < 0.001). TP53 (88%) and RB1 (76%) were the most common mutations in SCCB. Conclusion SCCB is more aggressive and has poorer outcomes compared to TCC. This study provides a reliable nomogram for personalized prediction of OS and CSS in SCCB patients. Both chemotherapy and RC can significantly improve the prognosis of SCCB. TP53 and RB1 may be potential therapeutic targets. Biological sciences/Cancer Health sciences/Oncology Small cell carcinoma of the bladder nomogram overall survival cancer specific survival SEER database chemotherapy radical cystectomy Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files Manuscriptfile.zip Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 11 Aug, 2025 Reviews received at journal 02 Aug, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 31 Jul, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 31 Jul, 2025 Reviews received at journal 29 Jul, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 29 Jul, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 29 Jul, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 29 Jul, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 29 Jul, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 29 Jul, 2025 Editor invited by journal 23 Jul, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 21 Jul, 2025 First submitted to journal 21 Jul, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7129824","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":493325057,"identity":"574d342c-b64e-4d04-81d9-825fa363300f","order_by":0,"name":"Chongzhou Liao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Deyang People's Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Chongzhou","middleName":"","lastName":"Liao","suffix":""},{"id":493325058,"identity":"4956becc-ec57-4cfc-8b7d-86bc60287b74","order_by":1,"name":"Bohan Luo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Electronic Science and 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bladder, nomogram, overall survival, cancer specific survival, SEER database, chemotherapy, radical cystectomy","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7129824/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7129824/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eSmall cell carcinoma of the bladder (SCCB) is rare, with unclear clinical and prognostic features. This study aims to identify factors influencing SCCB prognosis and develop a predictive clinical model.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMaterials and Methods\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eData from the SEER database (2004\u0026ndash;2015) were analyzed. The Cox regression analyses identified prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). To predict the prognosis of SCCB, we used COX combined with LASSO regression to select variables for constructing nomograms, and compared survival outcomes of high- and low-risk score groups using Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves. We evaluated the model by using ROC curves, calibration curves, and DCA.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eSCCB patients had advanced tumor stages at diagnosis, with significantly poorer OS (15 vs. 22 months, P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001) and CSS (18 vs. 30 months, P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001) compared to transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). Chemotherapy and radical cystectomy (RC) were independent protective factors. The nomogram for OS and CSS included TNM stage, M stage, and chemotherapy, with age included only in the OS model. High-risk SCCB patients had significantly shorter OS (9 vs. 31 months, P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001) and CSS (10 vs. 59 months, P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001). TP53 (88%) and RB1 (76%) were the most common mutations in SCCB.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusion\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eSCCB is more aggressive and has poorer outcomes compared to TCC. This study provides a reliable nomogram for personalized prediction of OS and CSS in SCCB patients. Both chemotherapy and RC can significantly improve the prognosis of SCCB. TP53 and RB1 may be potential therapeutic targets.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Integrated Clinical and Genomic Assessment of Small Cell Bladder Carcinoma Using Population-Based and Mutational Data","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-07-31 21:00:39","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7129824/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-08-11T20:25:04+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-08-02T10:06:28+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"9843389773727084978207774524076534020","date":"2025-08-01T02:29:33+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"224170695965261365713888402878760895851","date":"2025-07-31T08:32:15+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-07-29T16:50:27+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"318991963212758033029004788644090431272","date":"2025-07-29T16:07:07+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"102120956350805449446680660728691784650","date":"2025-07-29T13:52:37+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"316426646885373022115612627837239863434","date":"2025-07-29T12:16:05+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-07-29T07:21:42+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-07-29T07:19:59+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2025-07-23T06:18:30+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-07-21T12:45:25+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Scientific Reports","date":"2025-07-21T12:41:47+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"24b0556b-a4a3-446f-8abc-9ba5464a3407","owner":[],"postedDate":"July 31st, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"in-revision","subjectAreas":[{"id":52389659,"name":"Biological sciences/Cancer"},{"id":52389660,"name":"Health sciences/Oncology"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-08-11T20:38:09+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-07-31 21:00:39","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7129824","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7129824","identity":"rs-7129824","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}