Coupling Coordination Degree of Urban renewal, Ecological Resilience, and Ecological Efficiency in Arid areas: Distribution Characteristics, Spatial Evolution, and Factors

Coupling Coordination Degree of Urban renewal, Ecological Resilience, and Ecological Efficiency in Arid areas: Distribution Characteristics, Spatial Evolution, and Factors | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Coupling Coordination Degree of Urban renewal, Ecological Resilience, and Ecological Efficiency in Arid areas: Distribution Characteristics, Spatial Evolution, and Factors Yu Sun, XinWu Li This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6434596/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The paper applies the comprehensive evaluation method, coupled coordination degree model, kernel density, traditional and spatial Markov chain, spatial econometric model, and GTWR, to analyze the distribution characteristics, spatial evolution, and factors of coordinated level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in the 14 prefectures in Xinjiang from 2010 to 2021. The results show that:(1)The development levels of Xinjiang's urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency show an overall upward trend, exhibiting qualities of "high in the north and low in the South" in space. (2)The coordinated level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in Xinjiang shows a polarization trend and exhibits a high spatial pattern in the northeast, while a low one in the southwest. In the short term, the transfer of the coordination level in Xinjiang has higher stability; after the introduction of spatial geography, the coordination level shifts to a higher level with a higher probability.(3)urban population density, infrastructure level, total environmental investment, per capita GDP, and fiscal technology expenditure all support the enhancement of the coordination level. the infrastructure level and overall environmental investment have notable negative spatial spillover effects, and the impact of the five components has regional differentiation characteristics. Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental social sciences urban renewal ecological resilience and ecological efficiency coordination level arid area Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 1. Introduction China's urbanization has shifted from a phase of incremental development to stock optimization, and urban renewal has become the key means to promote China's high-quality development[1]. Urban renewal began with the renovation of dilapidated houses, shantytowns, and environmental remediation following the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949. After the reform and opening up, urban renewal entered a large-scale transformation and development oriented by economic interests, which also caused problems such as over-exploitation of land resources, environmental pollution, and the heat island effect, resulting in ecological resilience to decline, energy and resource consumption to increase, and ecological costs to rise. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China explicitly proposes "accelerate the transformation of the development mode of mega cities and implement the urban renewal action". The "Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee" once again emphasized the "establishment of sustainable urban renewal models, policies and regulations" on July 18, 2024, indicating that urban renewal has risen to an unprecedented national strategy and become a major strategic deployment to promote Chinese-style modernization. In this context, urban renewal is no longer limited to the transformation of the physical environment, but to the transformation of the urban renewal mode that takes into account the multi-dimensional objectives of economy, society, and environment and pursues sustainability[2]. Promoting urban connotative high-quality development has emerged as a major objective in the new era. In this context, with the help of urban renewal, optimizing the resource elements allocation, improving resource utilization efficiency, enhancing ecological carrying capacity, fortifying urban ecological resilience, and attaining high quality, high efficiency and sustainability of urban renewal have become the focus of attention and important issues to be solved in cities at all levels in China. Relevant studies on urban renewal: Urban renewal is defined by both domestic and international scholars as a diversified expansion and promotion strategy aimed at achieving equitable distribution of social resources, improving people's life quality, promoting urban industrial upgrading, and improving the quality of urban culture [3]. Or it is a comprehensive and holistic urban development plan and action for urban development that seeks to continuously enhance the economic, social, and physical environment conditions in the region while also addressing difficult urban challenges[4]. In terms of quantitative research, The impact of urban renewal on ecological resilience [5], high-quality development[6], commuting behavior[7], government debt[8], and other factors in recent years. Additionally, the spatial correlation network between urban renewal and ecological resilience[9] and the ecological resilience's response to urban renewal have been examined[10] Research on ecological resilience. Scholars focus on measuring resilience levels, building resilience indicator systems using theoretical frameworks including“pressure-state-response”(PSR)[11],“vulnerability-resistance-robustness-resilience”,,[12]and “resistance-resilience- adaptability”[13], explore the spatial-temporal pattern differences and evolution characteristics of ecological resilience using spatial Markov chain, comprehensive evaluation method, and hierarchical analysis method [14,15,16]. The influence mechanisms or factors of ecological resilience are examined using spatial panel regression[17], ERGM[18], GTWR[19], and QAP[20]. The research on ecological efficiency by scholars at home and abroad has become increasingly mature, and the efficiency measurement methods include DEA, Life Cycle Evaluation, and Super Efficiency SBM[21,22,23]. Research on the coupling coordination of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. Niu analyzed the coordinated development of ecological efficiency and ecological resilience with the “2 + 26” cities as the research object and concluded that the two types of coordination are dominated by barely coordinated cities, and the pressure of eco-environmental governance is still high[24]. Li examined the coordinated effect of ecological resilience and ecological efficiency with 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt as the research object. And believed that the coordination level of the two showed a trend towards high-quality coordinated level, and ecological efficiency was the order parameter of the dominant coordinated evolution[25]. In summary, the existing literature mainly examines the coupling coordination relationship between ecological resilience and ecological efficiency, with less focus on the distribution characteristics, spatial evolution, and factors of the coordination relationship between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. Existing studies have mainly focused on the country as a whole, on urban agglomerations, and on individual cities, while the research directly on the 14 prefectures of Xinjiang with unbalanced resources and arid climate is not involved, especially for the arid areas with fragile ecosystems, where the urban renewal process is more vulnerable to the influence and limitations of regional ecological conditions. Based on this, this paper selects 14 prefectures in Xinjiang as the research object, measures the development level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency scientifically, accurately grasps the spatiotemporal evolution and coordinated development trend of these three concepts, and deeply discusses the influencing factors that affect their coordinated development, which can provide reference value for promoting regional coordinated development. 2. Materials and Methods 2.1. Theoretical basis 2.1.1. Connotation of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination The correlation system between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency is composed of three parts. Among them, urban renewal is a coordinated effort made in the areas of social, economic, cultural, and environmental standards of residents' lives to preserve, repair, improve, rebuild, or eliminate the built-up areas within the city through planning and construction[26]. Ecological resilience refers to the ability of ecosystems to actively maintain, adapt, and reconstruct in the face of external disturbances[27]. Ecological efficiency refers to achieving maximum economic output with the minimum ecological load[28]. The interaction between the three subsystems of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency is complex and dynamic; alterations to one will cause a "chain reaction" in the other two subsystems(Fig. 1 ). Therefore, it is necessary to promote the coordinated development of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency, eliminate the negative effects of ecological pressure, enhance ecological resilience, and promote high-quality urban development. Harken established the Synergetic theory in 1977, pointing out that any system is composed of multiple elements, the elements should collaborate and interact with each other to achieve the result of coordination from disorder to order, from fluctuation to stability of the intrinsic factors, and emphasized that the agglomeration of the capabilities of each system will produce a new function that the overall function exceeds the sum of the functions of each element[29]. This offers an effective theoretical foundation for the coordinated development of urban renewal, ecological efficiency, and ecological resilience At present, Urban renewal in Xinjiang's arid region is currently hindered by poor ecological conditions and inadequate regional resource allocation, ecological efficiency by low water resource utilization and severe environmental pollution, and ecological resilience by water scarcity, notable regional disparities, and low ecosystem stability, the coordination of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency requires that within the sustainable development framework, the strategy of coordination and matching among the three should be sought, to form the effect of 1 + 1 + 1 > 3. From the inside of the system, urban renewal can provide a sustainable and stable guarantee for ecological resilience and efficiency by establishing green space, promoting the application of green technology, and promoting the shift of industries to ecological practices. Enhancing ecological resilience helps achieve several objectives, including lowering pollutants, reducing carbon emissions, protecting biodiversity, and increasing renewal efficiency. Enhancing ecological efficiency contributes to improving the stability of ecological resilience and the reduction of pollution emissions from urban renewal. From the perspective of system externality, the coordinated evolution of the composite system built by urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency has a significant impact on social progress, economic development, and the ecological environment. It helps to promote the optimization of urban spatial layout, technological management innovation, ecological environment improvement, forced industrial transformation, improve resource utilization efficiency, and promote urban sustainable development[10]. 2.1.2. Factors of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level Under the background of promoting high-quality economic development in China. The rapid expansion of urbanization and the urban population density growth have caused problems such as urban land contraction and the water environment deterioration, which have affected the sustainable development of urban renewal[10]. Through their influence on construction technology innovation, industrial upgrading and transformation, and the construction of urban sewage cleanup infrastructure, financial science and technology expenditures and environmental governance can simultaneously improve environmental problems, increase resource utilization, and achieve economic and ecological coordination. Based on this, this paper deeply analyzes how the five factors of economy, labor, technology, ecology, and capital affect the coordinated development of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. 2.1.2.1. Direct effect Endogenous growth theory points out that economic growth can promote technological progress, human capital accumulation, and knowledge spillover. Technological progress caused by urban economic benefits can effectively control pollution emissions and reduce resource consumption through source prevention and control, forming a "technology-efficiency-resilience" closed loop[30]. Human capital is the engine of economic growth. Economic development draws in top talent, whose knowledge bases directly support ecological innovation in urban renewal. The "learning by doing" effect prompts the government to dynamically adjust its policies in urban renewal, balancing economic growth and ecological goals, and realizing the linkage of "economic incentives, efficiency enhancement, and resilience enhancement”.According to the factor accumulation buffer effect, a variety of innovative factors, including talent, capital, technology, and information, flow together with urban redevelopment when it faces environmental disturbance. It will inevitably lead to the accumulation of information, capital stock, technological advancements, and knowledge[31]. These elements accumulation lays a solid foundation for urban renewal and sustainable promotion, and knowledge accumulation is the technological innovation precondition. The production function states that increasing skill factors will undoubtedly boost technological innovation output. The dynamic accumulation of elements can enhance the urban system's capacity for self-organization, hence enhancing its ability to withstand environmental shocks. 2.1.2.2. Indirect effect Urban renewal penetrates, diffuses, and radiates to other geographical locations through factor flow, and information exchange, and then produces spillover effects[9]:①Economic spillover effect. Urban renewal stimulates industrial development and stimulates the vitality of renewal zones and cities[6]. Urban renewal guides the flow of capital. When a city's economy reaches a certain stage, its development momentum will moderately spread to the surrounding areas, This spatial spillover effect can not only activate the economic vitality of surrounding cities but also provide continuous capital injection for urban ecological environment protection and economic construction.②Labor spillover effect. The concentration of urban population density has significantly increased labor mobility in the city and prompted several highly trained workers to participate in urban renewal construction projects[30]. ③Technology spillover effect. The region with substantial expenditures in scientific research has advantages in industrial technology innovation, public service efficiency, cutting-edge technology application, etc. Its innovative achievements generate spatial spillover effect through interregional technology transfer and industry-university-research coordination mechanisms, maximize the efficiency of factor allocation, and realize the cross-regional integration of resources.④Ecological management demonstration effect. To reduce environmental pollution and improve environmental quality brought on by urban renewal and enhance environmental quality, regions that increase their investment in the environment will formulate "environmental protection policies and plans." Neighboring regions can use these effective examples as a guide to creating more scientific environmental policies that better meet the needs of regional development. ⑤Capital sharing effect. Facing the development pressure of resource constraints and ecological priority, highway construction provides a connecting channel for the economy, society, environment, and culture, Through factor flow, resource sharing, and information exchange, local advantageous resources will be spread to adjacent areas, promoting the coordinated development of neighboring cities' economies and ecosystems, and realizing the sustainable development of urban renewal. 2.2. Indicator construction and data sources 2.2.1. Indicator construction (1)Urban renewal indicator system. The urban renewal indicator system makes use of all-encompassing, holistic ideas and practices to improve the city sustainably over the long run from an economic, social, physical, and environmental standpoint[4]. The urban renewal indicator system is built using four layers of urban construction, facility building, ecological construction, and cultural construction, all of which are based on the practices of the predecessors [32,33](Table 1 ). Table 1 evaluation indicator of urban renewal and ecological resilience Guideline Layer Element Layer Indicator Layer/unit Type Weights Urban renewal Urban construction Urban population density (person/km 2 ) + 0.2754 Built up area(km 2 ) + 0.4676 Completed housing units in construction(m 2 ) + 0.2569 Facility construction Per capita urban road area(m 2 ) + 0.4228 Number of health-care facilities (units) + 0.2003 Urban Drainage Density(km/km 2 ) + 0.3769 Ecological construction Urban green space area(hm 2 ) + 0.3109 Green coverage area of built-up area(hm 2 ) + 0.3450 Green space per capita(m 2 ) + 0.3441 Cultural construction Number of teaching staff in general higher education(person) + 0.2598 Effective invention patent share(piece) + 0.4705 Public library stock(one thousand volumes) + 0.2697 Ecological Resistance Industrial wastewater emissions(100 million tons) - 0.3154 resilience Industrial sulfur dioxide emissions (mg/m 3 ) - 0.2853 Industrial nitrogen dioxide emissions (mg/m 3 ) - 0.1279 Industrial solid waste emissions(Ten thousand tons) - 0.2715 Resilience Industrial solid waste treatment rate(%) + 0.2944 Urban sewage treatment rate(%) + 0.3446 Harmless treatment rate of municipal solid waste(%) + 0.3610 Adaptability Greening coverage in built-up areas(%) + 0.1762 Per capita land area(m 2 ) + 0.2723 Ecological water consumption(100 million m 3 ) + 0.3348 Investment in environmental treatment(Ten thousand yuan) + 0.2167 (2)Ecological resilience indicator system. Based on evolutionary theory, Wamsler proposes that resilience is the ability of a system to resist, cope, and change in the face of disturbances and shocks[34]. Based on “evolutionary resilience”, this paper combines the relevant existing results[4,9,10] to establish a comprehensive measurement system for ecological resilience, which includes three dimensions of resistance, resilience, and adaptability, with a total of 11 indicators (Table 1 ). (3)Ecological efficiency indicator system. Ecological efficiency consists of two main indicators: inputs and outputs; the higher the output, the higher the corresponding efficiency, and vice versa[35] Considering the characteristics of industrial development in Xinjiang, this paper refers to relevant research results to construct the evaluation indicator system of ecological efficiency[21,36,37](Table 2 ). Table 2 ecological efficiency evaluation indicator system Guideline Layer Element Layer Indicator Layer/unit Input Capital Investment in fixed assets(ten thousand yuan) Labour Year-end employment(ten thousand people) Water resource Total water consumption(100 million m 3 ) Energy Energy consumption per 10,000 GDP(ton of standard coal) Electricity consumption per 10,000 GDP(kWh) Land Urban built-up area(km 2 ) Output Expected output Regional GDP(ten thousand yuan) Local budget revenue(trillion yuan) Unexpected output Industrial wastewater discharge(100 million tons) Industrial solid waste emissions(ten thousand tons) SO2 emission (mg/m 3 ) No2 emission (mg/m 3 ) 2.2.2. Data source The data of each variable is mainly from the data of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Bureau of statistics, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Water Conservancy Department, and other government departments, And《Xinjiang Statistical Yearbook (2011–2022)》,《Xinjiang Water Resources Bulletin (2010–2021)》,《Xinjiang water and soil conservation Bulletin (2010–2021)》,《Xinjiang Ecological Environment Bulletin (2010–2021)》, and national economic and social development statistical bulletin and Environmental Status Bulletin of various prefectures and cities, etc. for some missing data, linear interpolation method is used to supplement. 2.3. Methods 2.3.1. Coupled coordination model The coupling coordination degree model is used to analyze the coordinated development level of things. The coupling degree refers to the degree of interaction between the reaction system and elements. The coordination degree reflects the coordination quality. The comprehensive evaluation method is used to measure the comprehensive index of urban renewal and ecological resilience[11], and the Super-SBM is used to measure ecological efficiency[21]. Based on the existing research results[38,39], a coupling coordination degree model of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency is constructed: Where: Y 1j , Y 2j , and Y 3j are the development level of urban renewal, the development level of ecological resilience, and the development level of ecological efficiency, respectively. T j is the development level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency, C j is the coupling degree, D j is the coordination degree, and, α , β , γ are the undetermined coefficients, the three systems are equally important( α = β = γ = 1/3). In general, the coupling degree C can judge the strength of the coupling effect among urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency, but cannot reflect the overall coordination development level effect of the three, while the coupling coordination degree models can judge the overall efficacy and coordination development level effect of different systems [40], Therefore, this paper adopts the coupling coordination degree D to characterize the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level. 2.3.2. Kernel density estimation The kernel density estimation can fully demonstrate the distribution dynamics and evolution law of the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level, this paper introduces the kernel density estimation method to examine the distribution pattern, development trend, and other dynamic features of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang[41]. 2.3.3. Traditional and spatial Markov chains Markov chains show the transition of random variables in state space and are usually applied to the evolution of some regions without posteriority. Spatial Markov chains consider the role of spatial factors in the evolution of economic phenomena[42]. In this paper, spatial Markov chains are constructed to reveal the type transfer law of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang. 2.3.4. Spatial econometric model Construct spatial econometric models to study the influencing factors of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level, specifically including spatial lag model (SLM), spatial error model (SEM), and spatial Durbin model (SDM)[9]. The spatial econometric model can not only quantitatively analyze the endogenous interaction effect of independent variables, but also reflect the spatial exogenous interaction effect of variables. 2.3.5. GTWR Brunsdon first proposed a Geographically Weighted Regression model in 1996 in order to shed light on the non-stationarity of spatial data[43], Spatial econometric regression parameters are based on the spatial homogeneity assumption, and the estimated parameters are constant, which is not completely consistent with spatial heterogeneity[41]. Therefore, this paper uses GTWR to take into account the two dimensions of time and space to investigate the spatial heterogeneity of various impact factors. The following is the model: Where: x i is the explained variable of Prefecture i; ( µ i , ν i , t i ) is the spatial coordinate of Prefecture i ; β 0 ( µ i , ν i , t i ) is the intercept of Prefecture i ; β k ( µ i , ν i , t i ) is the regression coefficient of the k th explanatory variable of Prefecture i ; Z ik is a set of explanatory variables; p is the number of explanatory variables; ε i is the residual term. 3. Results 3.1. Analysis of the development level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in Xinjiang The paper measured the development level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in 14 prefectures of Xinjiang from 2010 to 2021 using the comprehensive evaluation method and the super-efficiency SBM-DEA model(Table 3 ) The ArcGIS 10.2 software is used for spatial visualization, The natural fracture method is used to divide the development level into five categories(Fig. 2 ). 3.1.1. Analysis of urban renewal development level As a whole, Xinjiang's urban renewal index fluctuated upward from 2010 to 2021 (Table 3 ), rising from 0.127 to 0.748, with an average annual growth rate of 17.86% and an increase of 489.0% over the 12 years. This indicates that urban landscape and construction are accelerating due to the continuous renewal of old cities in all Xinjiang states over the past ten years. By 2021, it will have reached its peak value, indicating that the medical service system improvement and the education infrastructure strengthening are working together to support the enhancement of cultural facilities, urban infrastructure, and public services. Continue to increase investment in the culture field, attract high-level talents to gather in Colleges and universities, and participate in scientific research and teaching innovation practice. The urban renewal development level in Xinjiang presents a spatial pattern of "high in the northeast and low in the southwest" (Fig. 2 ), indicating that there are gradient differences in the development level between regions. High-value agglomeration area: Altay region (comprehensive score 0.467), as an area in Xinjiang that surpasses the threshold of 0.46, forms a core circle of "Urumqi-Changji-Altay region", with an average urban renewal value of 0.450, It shows that Urumqi, as the capital of Xinjiang, has a high urbanization level, rapid urban renewal, relatively complete infrastructure, and public services, better natural conditions in the core circle, and relatively coordinated ecological protection and urban renewal; Medium-value transition zone: Bazhou and Kashgar's urban renewal development level is in the median zone, indicating that the infrastructure in some remote areas is still comparatively outdated, that the southern Xinjiang region is still experiencing water scarcity and land desertification issues, and that ecological restoration and environmental protection need to be given more consideration during the urban renewal process; Low-value vulnerable area. Hotan and Hami have scores that are typically below 0.320, with Hotan ranking last with a composite score of 0.317, Indicating the urban renewal development level is related to the socio-economic structure, resource-based cities and prefectures with comparatively underdeveloped economies will be subject to greater social and economic pressures as they transform their industrial structures. Table 3 Development level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Urban renewal 0.127 0.171 0.239 0.275 0.316 0.374 0.402 0.442 0.437 0.511 0.589 0.748 Resilience 0.461 0.466 0.402 0.456 0.477 0.482 0.382 0.505 0.545 0.528 0.616 0.638 Efficiency 0.333 0.402 0.418 0.496 0.596 0.570 0.481 0.621 0.688 0.746 0.820 0.827 3.1.2. Analysis of ecological resilience development level The overall change in Xinjiang's ecological resilience index from 2010 to 2021 was not significant (Table 3 ), showing an N-shaped change trend, with an increase of 38.4% over the 12 years and an average annual growth rate of 2.80%. This indicates that the ecosystem of Xinjiang has steadily stabilized and that both its resilience to external influences and its capacity to recover have been continuously improved. The ecological resilience index showed a slight downward trend in 2016, (value of 0.382), likely caused by the high levels of pollutants produced by human production and living activities as well as the comparatively large per capita share of built-up land. The ecological environment system presented a relatively lower state than in previous years. After 2016, it increased gradually, and the trend of the shift from 2016 to 2021 was an increase in magnitude to 67.23%, the main reason is that the park green area and per capita land area are high, and the ecological resilience index is high, which improves the resilience level. Xinjiang's ecological resilience exhibits a notable spatial differentiation pattern of "high in the north and low in the South" (Fig. 2 ), Human production and living activities have different response abilities to the disturbance of the regional ecological environment. High-value agglomeration area (0.542–0.564): Karamay has the highest ecological resilience value, mainly due to its simple ecological background and rich oil resources. In the process of economic development, it has a certain amount of capital and technical strength to invest in the transformation and construction of the ecological environment. With the publication and implementation of 《the Ecological Construction Plan for the Desert Gobi》 in the Central Region of Karamay City in June 2017, 940 square kilometers of desertified land in the center of Karamay and the Baikalintan District's outskirts came under government control. Furthermore, the Karamay City water diversion project creates a higher ecological resilience zone by providing water security for extensive afforestation, greening, and ecological restoration; Medium-value transition zone: Changji Prefecture and Turpan City have continued to strengthen urban greening, while urban air quality and water quality have been effectively improved, with a medium level of ecological resilience. Low-value vulnerable area (0.440–0.482): Bazhou and Altay came in last on the list, most likely as a result of the low rate of greening construction and the disposal of urban garbage, which lowers the resistance index and ecological resilience throughout the region. 3.1.3. Analysis of ecological efficiency development level Xinjiang's ecological efficiency index rose from 0.333 to 0.827 from 2010 to 2021, an increase of 148.4% over the 12 years, with an average annual growth rate of 8.74% (Table 3 ). This suggests that Xinjiang's ecological efficiency level is increasing more quickly and that its capacity for scientific and technological innovation has been strengthened to improve resource utilization and hasten the development of a low-input, high-output production model. Ecological efficiency showed an upward trend from 2010 to 2015 and a slight decline in 2016 with an index value of 0.481, which was mainly due to The long-term focus on eco-protection in the upper regions, particularly the steady progress of the "coal-to-electricity" project in the southern border, and the vigorous use of clean energy has resulted in a continuous decline in emissions of pollutants, such as SO2 and NO2, and a significant increase after 2016 to 2021. The distribution of mean ecological efficiency values in Xinjiang is comparatively dispersed, showing a "patchy distribution" and a pattern of "high in the north and low in the south," pattern (Fig. 2 ). High-value agglomeration area (0.730–0.906): The top ecological efficiency value of Karamay City (0.906) mainly stems from the fact that Karamay City is backed by strong economic strength, which enables it to provide sufficient financial support for eco-construction and environmental protection, and to continuously research, develop and apply advanced energy-saving and emission reduction technologies, resource recycling technologies, etc., in the petroleum extraction and related industries; Medium-value transition zone (0.585–0.730): Changji Prefecture, Urumqi, and other northern border urban agglomerations are located in the medium-value transition zone (0.585–0.730), which depends on technological intensification (such as water-saving irrigation and recycling economies) during the industrialization and urbanization process to partially balance resource consumption and ecological efficiency. Low-value vulnerable area (0.235–0.362): The ecological efficiency of Hotan, Kezhou, and Hami is low because these areas are restricted by the extremely arid climate, limited carrying capacity of oasis, single desertification of industrial structure, etc., which exacerbates the marginal diminution of ecological efficiency, the ecological efficiency is at a low level for a long period time and shows the “resource locking effect”, so it is necessary to break the “inefficiency-vulnerability” cycle through the mechanism of eco-compensation and industrial transformation. Therefore, it is necessary to break the “inefficiency-fragility” cycle through the ecological compensation mechanism and industrial transformation. 3.2. Spatio-temporal evolution analysis of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang 3.2.1. Time evolution analysis of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level Figure 3 indicates the core density function central point of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in all regions of Xinjiang from 2010 to 2021 continued to move to the right, and the position of the kernel density moved significantly to the right. Indicating that the coordinated development effect of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in Xinjiang was very significant, However, the spatial differentiation of the coordination level among regions in Xinjiang is obvious in terms of the number of crests, crest height, and curve width. Specifically, the kernel density curves in the northern border region show that the coordination level of the seven prefectures in the northern border region is displaying a trend of differentiation and expansion. In 2012, the wave peaks changed from a "single-peak" distribution to a "multiple-peak" pattern, with the main peak situated in the low-level zone on the left side, which is significantly higher than the secondary peaks on the right. It revealed that the proportion of low-level regions was significantly higher than that of high-level groups, and the spatial polarization characteristics were prominent; The eastern border region's kernel density curve demonstrates that the main peak's height increased significantly in 2012, indicating the clear convergence of the spatial gap between Turpan City and Hami City in the coordinated development of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency during that period. After 2013, the main peak's height quickly decreased and leveled off, causing the gap between the two cities' coordination levels to widen once more. The region's level of spatial differentiation also displayed a characteristic of phased fluctuation. The core density curve of Southern Xinjiang during the study period exhibited bimodal or multi-peak distribution characteristics, suggesting a polarization trend in the level of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency; the secondary peaks' height is consistently lower than the primary peaks', the primary peaks' height is still declining; and the distribution pattern tends to be gentle from steep, revealing the spatial heterogeneity of the level of coordination between the regions; the degree of dispersion is continuously increasing over time; The peak height of the nuclear density curve in Xinjiang has decreased year by year, indicating that The density distribution curve of the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang as a whole shift to the right over time, as the number of areas with high coordination values rises and the number of areas with low values decreases. The coordination level of the two exhibits an ever-increasing evolution characteristic, and the kernel density curve shifts from a trailing-right one to a trailing-left one. Indicating that the overall level of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in Xinjiang is uneven. The waveform is primarily a "single peak" with one peak, and the kernel density curve is flat and wide, Polarization is absent and decreasing in most areas, except a few years when there is a “double peak” pattern and polarization is present. 3.2.2. Spatial evolution characteristics of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level ArcGIS10.2 software was used for spatial visualization, and the natural breakpoint technique was used to classify the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang in 2010, 2013, 2017, and 2021 into five categories: low, relatively low, medium, relatively high, and high(Fig. 4 ). In 2010, eastern Xinjiang showed a relatively low level or low level of coordination, while northern Xinjiang mainly showed a medium level of coordination, and only Urumqi and Altay showed a relatively high level of coordination or above. The level of coordination in southern Xinjiang is relatively scattered, Bazhou and Kashgar are at a relatively low level, Hotan and Kezhou are at a medium level, and The Aksu region has a relatively high coordination level, suggesting that the positive spillover brought about by the optimal allocation of infrastructure resources and environmental regulation in the process of urban renewal in the region is greater than the problems of large-scale demolition and construction, resource waste, and habitat quality degradation. Regions with similar coordination levels exhibit the traits of "point-like dispersion and block-like agglomeration." Regions with medium levels of coordination dominated in 2013. The coordination level of the eastern border is still in a relatively low level, the proportion of regions with increased coordination in the northern border is in a connective extension, Changji Prefecture has developed from a medium coordination level to a high coordination level, and the coordination level in Bo Prefecture, Yili Prefecture, and the city of Urumqi have all increased. This may be due to the vigorous and orderly promotion of urban renewal initiatives, the coordination level of three has sharply increased, which could be attributed to several factors, including the growing urban population, the expansion of construction land, the comprehensive support of infrastructure requirements, and the demand for high-quality, environmentally friendly living. In Southern Xinjiang, the percentage of regions with less coordination has shrunk, while the coordination levels in the Hotan, Kexu, and Aksu regions have all declined in comparison to 2010. The number of districts at high levels of coordination in the Northern Territory was higher and more clustered in distribution in 2017, compared to 2013, the level of coordination increased. East Xinjiang continues to have a relatively low coordination level, which suggests that throughout the urban development process, Hami and Turpan cities had significant ecological harm and unequal resource allocation, which resulted in polarization and spatial stratification issues. The coordination level of Bazhou and Kashgar in Southern Xinjiang has improved, with Kashgar rising from a relatively low level to a relatively high level. While the coordination level of other regions has decreased. The block-like agglomeration feature of various coordination levels considerably increased during this time. In 2021, Xinjiang's coordinated level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency will have a spatial distribution pattern that is "low in the southwest and high in the northeast." Block-like aggregation is a characteristic of regions with the same coordination level. While the intermediate value regions' spatial evolution demonstrates a connected-dispersed distribution tendency, the low-value regions exhibit a point-like dispersion. The Eastern Border's coordination level has significantly increased at the regional level, exhibiting relatively high or high levels of coordination. In contrast, Northern Xinjiang has maintained a medium or high level, and only Bozhou has a relatively low coordination level. Kezhou and Hotan maintain relatively low levels along the southern border, all other regions have seen a rise in coordination with a block-like cluster distribution. In conclusion, the coordination level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in Xinjiang has improved from 2010 to 2021. Regions with low, relatively low, and medium levels of coordination gradually shift to relatively high or high levels. While areas with high and relatively high coordination levels are dispersed throughout the southwest and clustered in the northeast, areas with medium and high coordination levels are dispersed as points and blocks. "High in the northeast and low in the southwest" progressively characterizes the spatial structure of coordinated development. 3.3. Transition probability analysis of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level In this paper, the traditional Markov chain and spatial Markov chain are used to further examine the transfer direction of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level and its transfer probability in each prefecture of Xinjiang, to effectively grasp its dynamic evolution law. The urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination levels can be categorized into five grades. Among them, level 1 indicates less than 20% quartile, which is a low level; level 2 is between 20%-40% quartile, which is a low level; level 3 is between 40%-60% quartile, which is a medium level; level 4 is between 60%-80% quartile, which is a high level; and level 5 is greater than the 80% quartile, which is a high level[44] Through the MATLAB R2024b software, the distribution state transfer probability of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level was measured for each prefecture in Xinjiang from 2010 to 2021. 3.3.1. Traditional Markov chain analysis First, Table 4 shows that the probability values of diagonal elements are substantially higher than those of non-diagonal elements. The probability distributions of each type's initial state maintenance are as follows: 61.76%, 54.55%, 45.45%, 43.75%, and 81.82%, with the probability of preserving the initial level typically greater than 50%. With the likelihood of retaining the high-level group reaching 81.82%, the probability values at the two ends of the diagonal line are substantially higher than those in the middle zone, suggesting that areas with high coordination levels are more stable. This distribution feature supports the idea of "club convergence," which states that regional coordination levels are hierarchically solidified and that it is more challenging to achieve a leap across levels. Second, there is a phenomenon of hierarchical transfer between neighboring types in each prefecture’s coordination level between urban renewal, ecological efficiency, and ecological resilience. This suggests that improving the coordination level between these three factors takes time and is a gradual process. The probability of an upward leap in each tier is low (32.35%), lower (39.39%), medium (42.42%), and higher (46.88%), according to the transfer matrix distribution. This indicates that Xinjiang's urban renewal, ecological efficiency, and ecological resilience coordination level are improving along a gradient. Each level has a different likelihood of slipping downward: relatively low level (3.03%), medium level (9.09%), relatively high level (9.38%), and high-level (18.18%). Even though there is a positive trend in regional coordination development, it is necessary to be vigilant against the risk of high-level decline, actively sustain the existing level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination at this stage, and strive to improve its upward transfer. Table 4 Traditional Markov transition probability matrix of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang Type Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Ⅰ 0.6176 0.3235 0.0588 0.0000 0.0000 Ⅱ 0.0303 0.5455 0.3939 0.0303 0.0000 Ⅲ 0.0000 0.0909 0.4545 0.4242 0.0303 Ⅳ 0.0000 0.0000 0.0938 0.4375 0.4688 Ⅴ 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.1818 0.8182 3.3.2. Spatial Markov chain analysis The spatial Markov transition probability matrix is constructed in this paper by adding the spatial lag condition to the traditional Markov chain transition probability matrix, to further examine the influence of the spatial relationship on the development trend of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang. Table 5 displays the findings. Compared with the traditional Markov transition probability matrix, the transition probability distribution of the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in the several Xinjiang prefectures varies considerably under various spatial lag states. The presence of non-zero values on both sides of the diagonal of the spatial Markov transfer matrix reveals the possibility of hierarchical leapfrogging in the level of regional coordination, with the possibility of positive upgrading of adjacent tiers and the risk of reverse slippage. Rank shifts occur between neighboring ranks, reflecting the significant impact of the spatial correlation of regional development on the evolution of the level of coordination. Table 5 Markov transition probability matrix of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level space in Xinjiang Spatial lag type Type Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Ⅰ Ⅰ 0.7000 0.3000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Ⅱ 0.0000 0.7143 0.2857 0.0000 0.0000 Ⅲ 0.0000 0.0000 0.5000 0.5000 0.0000 Ⅳ 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Ⅴ 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Ⅱ Ⅰ 0.5000 0.5000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Ⅱ 0.0000 0.4615 0.5385 0.0000 0.0000 Ⅲ 0.0000 0.0000 0.6000 0.4000 0.0000 Ⅳ 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1.0000 Ⅴ 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Ⅲ Ⅰ 0.5000 0.1667 0.3333 0.0000 0.0000 Ⅱ 0.0000 0.5714 0.2857 0.1429 0.0000 Ⅲ 0.0000 0.2727 0.2727 0.3636 0.0909 Ⅳ 0.0000 0.0000 0.1111 0.5556 0.3333 Ⅴ 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.5000 0.5000 Ⅳ Ⅰ 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Ⅱ 0.1667 0.5000 0.3333 0.0000 0.0000 Ⅲ 0.0000 0.0000 0.6364 0.3636 0.0000 Ⅳ 0.0000 0.0000 0.0833 0.5000 0.4167 Ⅴ 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.1250 0.8750 Ⅴ Ⅰ 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Ⅱ 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Ⅲ 0.0000 0.0000 0.2500 0.7500 0.0000 Ⅳ 0.0000 0.0000 0.1111 0.3333 0.5556 Ⅴ 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.1000 0.9000 Second, the Markov transition probability distribution of the level of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency varies significantly under the influence of geographical lag, and this region is significantly impacted spatially by the neighboring regions. The stability probability of the low-level group drops from 61.76–0.00% when the neighborhood is at a high level, indicating that the stability of the regional coordination level is seriously disrupted. The spatial spillover effect is as follows: when the neighborhood is at a high level, the prefectures with low levels of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency are likely to make progress and improve. This suggests that being close to prefectures with high levels of coordination between these three factors is beneficial for raising the level of coordination in the area. Additionally, there is a positive "spillover effect" that will partially recover. Conversely, the transition probability of the low level, comparatively low level, medium level, and high level to the higher level is low and the probability of self-stability is high when the low level is a neighborhood. Nonetheless, the neighborhood's high level has a 0.00% steady-state probability, making it extremely susceptible to the detrimental spillover impact of the low-level neighborhood. On the whole, the likelihood of each level moving to the upper level under the high-level lag type is, on average, low-level (0.00%), relatively low level (33.33%), medium level (36.36%), and relatively high level (41.67%). The likelihood of type transferring to the upper level is greater than the likelihood of relatively low level, medium level, relatively high level, and high level transferring to the lower level. 3.4. The factors of the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang 3.4.1. Factors Selection According to relevant research content[2,9], The explained variables are urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level; the explanatory variables are per capita GDP, urban population density, fiscal technology expenditure, total environmental investment, and infrastructure level. Among them, per capita GDP (pgdp) is expressed as regional GDP/total population (in 10000 yuan/person); The urban population density (den) is expressed as the ratio of urban population to total urban area (people/km2); Fiscal technology expenditure (fte), expressed in total local fiscal science and technology expenditure (in 10000 yuan); The total environmental investment (env) is expressed in terms of the total local environmental protection expenditure (10000 yuan); The infrastructure level (infra) is expressed in terms of road mileage/year-end population (kilometers/10000 people). 3.4.2. Spatial correlation test ①Global spatial autocorrelation analysis The existence of spatial correlation is a prerequisite for analyzing spatial effects, for this reason, this paper uses stata17 software to test the global spatial autocorrelation of the coordination level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency based on the adjacency matrix using the Moran's I (Table 6 ). The findings demonstrate that the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang during the study period has a global Moran's I of 0.078 in 2010 and − 0.274 in 2021, both of which pass the significance test at the 10% level. This suggests that the coordinated level in Xinjiang demonstrates clear spatial clustering characteristics and transitions from spatial positive correlation to spatial negative correlation. Table 6 Global Moran's I values of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang Year Moran's I Z P Year Moran's I Z P 2010 0.078 4.232 0.000 2016 0.050 6.234 0.000 2011 0.254 3.946 0.042 2017 -0.131 6.453 0.002 2012 0.037 4.565 0.001 2018 0.019 7.474 0.000 2013 0.149 5.342 0.000 2019 -0.144 7.469 0.001 2014 0.133 5.534 0.000 2020 -0.390 8.454 0.023 2015 -0.081 5.765 0.000 2021 -0.274 8.644 0.088 ②Local spatial autocorrelation analysis In this research, the local Moran's I of the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level are plotted as a scatter plot to further analyze the spatial characteristics of the level. According to Fig. 5 , the Moran's I in 2000 is primarily concentrated in the second and third quadrants, indicating L-H clustering and L-L clustering. By 2021, the Moran's I is primarily concentrated in the first quadrant, exhibiting H-H agglomeration. This suggests that the great majority of Xinjiang's regions exhibit strong isotropic spatial agglomeration in terms of the coordination level between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. That is, when the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in this region is at a high (low) level, the surrounding neighboring regions are also more likely to be at a high (low) level, and the spatial factor should be taken into account in the empirical process. 3.4.3. Measurement model verification The factors impacting the coordination level between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency at the global level were determined using spatial econometric modeling [45]. First, the multicollinearity test findings demonstrate that there is no multicollinearity issue because all of the explanatory variables' VIF values are much less than 10. The spatial Durbin model with double fixation of time and area was ultimately chosen in this paper following a series of tests that included the Hausman, LM, Robust LM, Wald, and LR tests to decide which spatial econometric model is more appropriate to apply, as shown in Table 7 . Table 7 Results of spatial econometric model verification Inspection Results Inspection Results Hausman 135.290 *** Wald-lag 62.090 *** LM-error 63.556 *** Wald-error 45.430 *** Robust LM-error 48.774 *** LR-lag 49.96 *** LM-lag 23.601 *** LR-error 39.92 *** Robust LM-lag 8.819 *** Note: ***、**、* respectively indicate significance at the 1%, 5%, and 10% levels, the same applies below. From the estimation results of the double fixed space Durbin model, the spatial autoregressive coefficient ρ is 0.432, which is significant at the 5% level (Table 8 ), indicating that the coordination level of Xinjiang’s urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency has a positive spatial spillover effect. This means that for every 1% increase in the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in this region, the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in the neighboring region will result in a 0.432% increase in the level of coordination in the neighboring region. Table 8 Estimation Results of the Spatial Durbin Model Variable Coefficient Variable Coefficient lninfra 0.014 *** w*lninfra -0.057 *** lnpgdp 0.0293 ** w*lnpgdp 0.035 * lnden 0.008 ** w*lnden 0.037 ** lnenv -0.009 *** w*lnenv -0.125 * lnfte 0.009 * w*lnfte 0.065 *** ρ 0.432 ** N 168 R2 0.358 Log-likelihood 314.257 Area Fixed Yes Time Fixed Yes 3.4.4. Effect decomposition LeSage noted that the use of the spatial Durbin model to determine the spatial effect may be biased and that the results cannot accurately reflect the degree of influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable[46]. The spatial effect must be broken down using the method of partial differentiation, where the direct effect refers to the influence of the independent variable of the region on the dependent variable of the region, and the indirect effect refers to the influence of the independent variable of the region of the dependent variable of the neighboring region, also known as the spatial spillover effect[47] (Table 9 ). Table 9 Decomposition Results of Spatial Effects Variable Direct effect Indirect effect Total effect lninfra 0.020 *** (0.018) -0.048 ** (0.035) -0.028 ** (0.034) lnpgdp 0.026 *** (0.013) 0.018 ** (0.028) 0.045 * (0.026) lnden 0.005 ** (0.007) 0.027 * (0.018) 0.031 *** (0.018) lnenv 0.003 ** (0.011) -0.096 * (0.020) -0.092 *** (0.022) lnfte 0.003 ** (0.007) 0.048 * (0.011) 0.051 ** (0.011) 3.4.4.1. Direct effect According to the direct effect results (Table 9 ), the region's urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level increase by 0.026 for every 10,000 yuan increase in per capita GDP. This coefficient of the direct effect of per capita GDP(pgdp) is 0.026, passing the 10% significance test. The improvement of living conditions is predicated on economic development, and as the nation's financial strength increases, it offers a strong financial assurance for the establishment of a decent life and stable financial security (CHEN & LI, 2024). A higher per capita GDP indicates that citizens are more concerned with their quality of life and have higher expectations for public services and urban living conditions. This will cause the city to speed up urban renewal, and the government will invest more in ecological restoration and protection, which will improve environmental protection for urban renewal and create a positive feedback loop. The coefficient of the infrastructure level direct effect(Infra) is 0.020, Through a 10% significance test, it indicates that the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in the local region rises by 0.020 for every unit increase in infrastructure level. Cities can better organize their operations and modernize their businesses with the infrastructure support that highway building offers for urban renewal. Additionally, it improves ecological resilience and efficiency by fostering the conditions necessary for ecological restoration and conservation. The coefficient of the urban population density direct effect(den) is 0.005. through a 10% significance test, meaning that for every unit increase in urban population density, the level of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in the local area increases by 0.005. Higher population density can provide sufficient labor resources and a consumer market for urban renewal and stimulate the development of commercial and service industries in urban renewal. And, to some extent, provide more technological, material, and human support for ecological protection and restoration, which helps promote the construction of ecological resilience. On the other hand, an excessively high population density can put a strain on limited space, surpassing ecosystems' carrying capacity and intensifying the conflict between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. The coefficient of the total environmental investment direct effect(env) is 0.003, passing the 10% significance test. Investments in environmental governance give the development of the coordination of urban renewal, ecological efficiency, and ecological resilience a material and technological basis. By guiding urban industries towards green, low-carbon, and environmentally friendly directions, optimizing the industrial structure of cities, establishing resilient ecosystems, improving environmental quality, and enhancing ecosystem functions, urban renewal can be carried out in a good ecological environment. At the same time, it also creates conditions for improving ecological efficiency and promotes the coordinated progress of the three. The coefficient of the fiscal technology expenditure direct effect(fte) is 0.003. Through a 10% significance test, it suggests that for every 1 unit rise in fiscal technology spending, the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in the local area increases by 0.003. Fiscal technology spending can direct funds to projects and regions that assist the coordinated development of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. It can also focus funds to support important technological research and development, the construction of large ecological projects. Prevent resource fragmentation and redundant investment, enhance the effectiveness of resource use, accomplish cooperative resource allocation optimization among the three, and encourage the maximization of overall benefits. 3.4.4.2. Indirect effect Infrastructure level (Infra) has an indirect effect coefficient of -0.048, meaning that for every unit increase in infrastructure level, the level of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in the surrounding areas decreases by 0.048. The development of highways has a negative impact on the surrounding areas. The construction of highways may result in a disorderly expansion of urban space, occupying a large amount of farmland and ecological land, making the urban form loose, and weakening the connections between urban functional areas, which in turn affects the urban development of neighboring areas. The total environmental investment (env) has a significantly negative indirect effect coefficient. Some high-polluting and high-energy-consuming industries will shift to areas with lax environmental regulations and low environmental investment if a region increases environmental investment and strictly regulates the environment. This will increase the cost of environmental governance, require more resources for environmental restoration in urban renewal, and lower ecological efficiency, thereby impeding the level of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. The per capita GDP (pgdp) indirect effect coefficient is substantially positive. Higher per capita GDP regions can share resources, construct more comprehensive infrastructure, offer services to other areas, and enhance the region's overall ecological efficiency. In addition, it can draw businesses and people from nearby regions to congregate around it, creating a more sensible industrial layout and population distribution during the urban renewal process, encouraging the best possible use of regional resources, and raising the coordination level between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. 3.4.5. Spatial differentiation characteristics To further investigate the spatial heterogeneity of the factors of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang, this paper uses the GTWR model to visually analyze the regression coefficient of each factor (Fig. 6 ). Figure 6 illustrates the spatial differentiation characteristics and time-varying effects of per capita GDP, infrastructure level, total environmental investment, fiscal technology expenditure, and urban population density on the coordination level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. The economy's role in the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level tends to strengthen, as evidenced by the increased regression coefficient of the impact of per capita GDP on the coordination level of these factors in different prefectures. The spatial pattern is evolving from strong in the north and weak in the south to strong in the southwest and weak in the northeast. The Hotan, Kashgar, and Kezhou regions exhibit the most notable shifts in the contribution of per capita GDP to coordinated development, indicating that these regions have demonstrated positive economic development patterns in recent years and have established a strong basis for the development of urban rejuvenation; The coefficient between urban population density and the coordination level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency has shifted from 0.8946×102 ~ 0.8974×102 to 0.7237×102 ~ 2.9202×102. The level of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency is positively impacted by urban population density, which spatially varies from strong in the east to weak in the west to strong in the east with an improved influence. The cities of Hotan, Kashgar, and Kezhou exhibit a steady increase in population density, which supplies enough labor for southern Xinjiang's infrastructural development and public service enhancement; The coefficient of infrastructure level is negative, indicating the infrastructure level has a constraining influence on the coordination level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency, and this effect tends to rise. Overreliance on traditional grey infrastructure (such as large-scale concrete buildings, roads, etc.) during urban road construction and significant damage to the ecological environment, while neglecting ecological restoration and environmental protection, may lead to a decline in the quality of the ecological environment; The coefficient of total environmental investment has shifted from the range of 1.5812×10 2 ~1.6042×10 2 to1.5253×10 2 ~4.8163×10 2 , indicating a positive trend in the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level. The effect of environmental governance expenditures on the coordination level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency was greatest in Hami City in 2010, and greater in Altay Region, Turpan City, Changji Prefecture, and Urumqi City, and then weakened in these regions by 2021, with a spatial pattern of high in the southwest and low in the northeast; The coefficient of fiscal technology expenditure has changed from the range of 3.8251×102 ~ 3.8352×102 to 1.8046×102 ~ 3.5102×102, showing a declining trend in the role of fiscal technology expenditure on the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level. The spatial pattern reveals a transition from high in the northeast and low in the southwest to high in the southwest and low in the northeast. The Altay region and Hami city have the most drop in impact, whereas Bazhou, Yili prefecture, and Bozhou have the smallest decline. 4. Discussions 4.1. Promote joint development initiatives, and narrow regional development gaps According to the distribution characteristics of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level, although Turpan and Urumqi have a high coordination level, their ecological resilience is relatively low and their ability to resist risk shocks is limited. Therefore, the preservation of the natural environment should be given equal consideration with the development of urban redevelopment. As the capital of Xinjiang, Urumqi has a high level of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. It uses the beneficial spillover effect of high-value locations to raise the level of coordination in neighboring areas. Under the direction of composite functions, it develops plans for urban renewal that take into account the ecological background circumstances of different Xinjiang prefectures, exchanges green facilities and technology, and strengthens the connection between the ecological environment and urban growth. 4.2. Investigate green urban renewal approaches and accomplish sustainable urban renewal development Green and low-carbon ideas are the main forces behind the sustainable development of cities. Encourage the use of green building materials, energy-saving technologies, and renewable energy, and actively carry out green transformation of urban infrastructure. Conversely, creating a dedicated fund for urban renewal, guaranteeing consistent funding sources and management, and offering strong financial backing for urban redevelopment initiatives. Regarding the form of involvement, we encourage a variety of entities to get involved and create a model for city renewal that includes people, businesses, social organizations, and the government. At the same time, we will enhance pertinent policies from a variety of angles, including environmental supervision, technology education investment, factor circulation, and industrial structure adjustment, and construct a city renewal support system with the cooperation of several organizations Additionally, pilot cities are urged to investigate, gather, and disseminate urban renewal experience to enhance the radiating and driving role of urban renewal, enhance the region's overall resource utilization efficiency, avoid blind expansion and extensive demolition and reconstruction, avoid resource waste and ecological damage, and ultimately achieve harmonious coexistence between the city and the natural environment. 4.3. Encourage ecological resilience space co-preservation and strengthen the system of environmental collaborative governance Accelerate Xinjiang's urban renewal and development while strengthening the groundwork for the coordinated growth of ecological efficiency and resilience. On the one hand, following the concept of ecological priority and green bottom, we should always adhere to the core of ecological protection in the process of urban renewal development, and improve the quality of urban renewal development. By strengthening environmental protection publicity and education, establishing ecological assessment indicators, enhancing environmental law enforcement, promoting the concept of green development, and implementing environmental responsibility systems, we aim to increase the attention of local governments to the ecological environment; Conversely, we should make sure that urban renewal is sustainable, respect the ecological background of the place, design reconstruction projects sensibly, and realize the sensible use and development of natural resources in resource-depleted areas. We should strengthen ecological protection, alleviate the damage to ecological space, tighten the ecological defense line, and improve the implementation of ecological restoration, protection, and compensation mechanisms. Encourage businesses to invest more in green processes, production, and marketing; improve the creation of green products, services, and processes; raise the levels of material metabolism; and accomplish sustainable urban redevelopment. 4.4. Limitations and Future Research This paper explores the mutually beneficial connection between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency as well as the factors influencing the level of coordination among the three in the arid region of Xinjiang. Due to the focus on ecologically fragile zones with resource imbalance and arid climate, it provides a comprehensive and scientific diagnosis of urban development in Xinjiang and effectively identifies the key factors for the coordinated development of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in the region. Elucidating the degree of differentiation of the influence of the key factors on the various states. The government can better manage the Xinjiang region by combining the influencing factors based on local conditions and achieving Xinjiang's ecological and urban renewal sustainable development Furthermore, this study builds a framework for coordinated mechanisms for urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency using the coordination theory. This framework can serve as a theoretical guide for the coordinated process of the three. This paper only examines data up to 2021 due to data limitations, which may not adequately capture the complexity of urban development. Additionally, the classification of the urban renewal indicator system is only constructed from four levels. Future research can expand the urban renewal indicator division hierarchy to quantify the elemental layers from multiple perspectives. 5. Conclusions This paper first determines the level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency development in Xinjiang, and assesses the current state of affairs. Based on this, it explores the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics, development trends, and factors of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level. The research conclusions are as follows: 1.The overall development level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in Xinjiang has shown an upward trend over time, while there are differing degrees of improvement. There is a distribution pattern between northern areas > southern regions concerning regional differences. The primary factors limiting the sustainable development of urban renewal and the enhancement of ecological resilience and efficiency are the economic climate and the natural environment. 2.The kernel density curves shows "double peaks" and broad, flat shape, and which indicates that the coordinated development of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in Xinjiang shows a polarization trend and exhibits a high spatial pattern in the northeast, while a low one in the the southwest. 3.The traditional Markov chain results indicate that the transfer of the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang has higher stability. After incorporating spatial lag factors, the states of adjacent regions have a positive spillover effect on the evolution of regional states.The probability of collaborative type upward transfer in each region is greater than the probability of type downward transfer. 4.Urban population density, infrastructure level, total environmental investment, per capita GDP, and fiscal technology expenditure all support the enhancement of the coordination level between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. Among them, the infrastructure level and overall environmental investment have notable negative spatial spillover effects, and the impact of the five components has regional differentiation characteristics. Declarations Author Contributions: Conceptualization, Y.S. and X.L.; methodology, Y.S.; software, Y.S.; validation, Y.S.; formal analysis, Y.S.; investigation, Y.S.; resources, X.L.; data curation, Y.S.; writing—original draft preparation, Y.S.; writing—review and editing, X.L.; visualization, Y.S.; supervision, X.L.; project administration, X.L.; funding acquisition, X.L. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Funding: This research was funded by the project of “Xinjiang Autonomous Region Talent Development Fund ‘Tianchi Talent’ Introduction Program (Innovation Leaders)”. Data Availability Statement: Data is provided within the manuscript or supplementary information files. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. References Huang, G.Z.; Li, X.; Zhang, W.Z.; Lin, J.; Tian, L.; Zhang, J.X.; Zhu, J.M.; Wang, S.F.; Ye, Y.M.; Li, Z.G. 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Chen, Z.C.; Ma, Y.D. Impact of Urban Renewal on Residents’ Happiness in China—A Study Based on Genetic Algorithm Projection Pursuit and Panel Spatial Quantile Model. Management Review. 2022, 34, 43-53. Wamsler, C.; Brink, E.; Rivera, C. Planning for climate change in urban areas: From theory to practice. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2013, 50, 68-81. Zhang, H.P.; Li, Y.H. Study on Sustainable Development of Provincial Energy Systems in China—Based on Resilience and Efficiency Synergistic Development Perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT. 2022, 47, 178-183. Han, S.S. Measurement of provincial eco-efficiency and influencing factors in China. MT, North China University of Technology, Beijing, 2024. Kuang, K.J.; Zheng, K.Y.; Hong, Y.; Chen, F.; Chen, B.; Liu, J.F.; Bao, X.Y. Spatio-Temporal Dynamic Evolution and Driving Factors of Ecological Efficiency in Min River Basin. Ecological Economy. 2024, 40, 148-155. Gu, M.L.; Ye, C.S.; Lou, T.T.; Li, X. Coupling mechanism of coordinated development of land use and water-energy-food systems in Yangtze River Economic Belt. Yangtze River. 2023, 54, 11-18+40. Lei, C.X.; Ao ,Y.H.; Wang, H.J.; Li, C. Research on coupling coordination relationship between water resources protection and green development in Jiangxi Province. Yangtze River. 2023, 54, 123-129. Li, W.; Jiang, S.; Zhao, Y.; Wang, L.Q.; He, F.; Li, H.H.; Zhu, Y.N.; He ,G.H. Safe evaluation of water-energy-food coupling system in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Water Resources Protection. 2023, 39, 39 - 48. Li, Q.; Dong, L.; Deng, P.A,; Zhu, Z.Y.; Liu, Y. Spatial evolution and driving factors for the people's livelihood development level in China, 2010-2021. ACTA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA. 2023, 78, 3037-3057. Chen, Y.H.; Li, M.J. Evolution of Spatiotemporal Patterns and Influencing Factors of China’s Agricultural Green Resilience. Reform of Economic System. 2024, 42, 70-78. Brunsdon, C.E.; Fotheringham, A, S.; Charlton, M, E. Some notes on parametric significance test for geographically weighted regression. Journal of Regional Science. 1999, 39, 497-524. Liu, J.; Liu, H. Study on the spatiotemporal evolution of coupled and coordinated digital economic resilience and efficiency. International Review of Economics and Finance. 2024, 93, 876-888. Xu,Y.T.; Mu,Y.Y, Zhang, Z.Z. The Influencing Factors and Spatial Spillover Effects of Water Use Efficiency of Grain Production in China. Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University（Social Sciences Edition）. 2022, 42, 76-89. LeSage, J.; Pace, R.K. Introduction to spatial econometrics. Taylor and Francis;CRC Press, London, Britain, 2010. Lu, Z.Y.; Li H.M. Coordination Development of "Water-Energy-Food" System in China's Agriculture and Its Influencing Factors. ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY. 2024, 44, 177-186+227. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6434596","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":455255894,"identity":"5725b934-a336-45c0-a698-43af7640116b","order_by":0,"name":"Yu Sun","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Xinjiang Agricultural University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yu","middleName":"","lastName":"Sun","suffix":""},{"id":455255895,"identity":"dd629048-afb9-456f-8f8b-923f0d3a9dcb","order_by":1,"name":"XinWu Li","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAx0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACPmYgwfjvHw8be2Pjww/EaGFjBpMHZPh4DjcbSxClBUIesJGTSG8T4CFKCzuPmcQHnjs8bJIP2xgkGOzkdBsIOozHTHKGxDMeNunEtgcFDMnGZgeI0CLNY8AM0tJuIMFwIHEbUVr+JAC1SB5sk+AhWgvDgcM8bBKMRGthK7bsbUjjYeNJBAayARF+4ec/vPHGzwYbe/n24w8ffqiwkyOohYGBwwCJY4BTGTJgf0CUslEwCkbBKBjBAAAhpjVh+kl5kQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Xinjiang Agricultural University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"XinWu","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-04-12 12:38:14","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6434596/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6434596/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":82624411,"identity":"189b0142-e204-44c8-9452-7754b2b145c5","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-13 12:49:30","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":169076,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eAnalysis Framework of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination mechanism and factors\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6434596/v1/b633ef7c5fd78c410a09d22b.png"},{"id":82624414,"identity":"8d4c899a-5816-4995-9208-c21e3dccdb51","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-13 12:49:30","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":261243,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSpatial distribution of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency development level in Xinjiang\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6434596/v1/701ff9ac2c952eb5c29f6bc1.png"},{"id":82625587,"identity":"053b00ec-0b3a-4c54-b8fa-a7beba9a31e1","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-13 12:57:30","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":408610,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDynamic evolution diagram of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang from 2010 to 2021\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6434596/v1/2af96c74ccb2424127108870.png"},{"id":82624418,"identity":"2c02407e-2a0e-4b66-bb4c-48b238a4ba83","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-13 12:49:30","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":323183,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSpatial distribution of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang from 2010 to 2020\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6434596/v1/0ed9931b2e344c29ece92840.png"},{"id":82624415,"identity":"9172dd0d-59db-409e-8b94-45a1072da6f3","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-13 12:49:30","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":46121,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eMoran scatter plot of the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang during different periods\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6434596/v1/da53236280bfa7da02d8a1f3.png"},{"id":82626282,"identity":"42e3435a-1bef-4886-a740-49ba9c6a8eed","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-13 13:05:30","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":859170,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSpatiotemporal changes in factors of the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang from 2010 to 2021\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"6.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6434596/v1/486dc56a6df7784a901cd58f.png"},{"id":97672014,"identity":"92580d27-78c6-4f1d-91e1-81cd7e9b5506","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-08 09:33:46","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":3662556,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6434596/v1/412de90d-6fe9-46d9-95ca-d30eb7e786ad.pdf"},{"id":82624420,"identity":"0e45f88a-3bcd-4b42-860d-18dac4ffc17b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-13 12:49:30","extension":"7z","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":1784462,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"figure.7z","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6434596/v1/194fb6ec504faf3a62155c3a.7z"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Coupling Coordination Degree of Urban renewal, Ecological Resilience, and Ecological Efficiency in Arid areas: Distribution Characteristics, Spatial Evolution, and Factors","fulltext":[{"header":"1. Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eChina's urbanization has shifted from a phase of incremental development to stock optimization, and urban renewal has become the key means to promote China's high-quality development[1]. Urban renewal began with the renovation of dilapidated houses, shantytowns, and environmental remediation following the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949. After the reform and opening up, urban renewal entered a large-scale transformation and development oriented by economic interests, which also caused problems such as over-exploitation of land resources, environmental pollution, and the heat island effect, resulting in ecological resilience to decline, energy and resource consumption to increase, and ecological costs to rise. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China explicitly proposes \"accelerate the transformation of the development mode of mega cities and implement the urban renewal action\". The \"Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee\" once again emphasized the \"establishment of sustainable urban renewal models, policies and regulations\" on July 18, 2024, indicating that urban renewal has risen to an unprecedented national strategy and become a major strategic deployment to promote Chinese-style modernization. In this context, urban renewal is no longer limited to the transformation of the physical environment, but to the transformation of the urban renewal mode that takes into account the multi-dimensional objectives of economy, society, and environment and pursues sustainability[2]. Promoting urban connotative high-quality development has emerged as a major objective in the new era. In this context, with the help of urban renewal, optimizing the resource elements allocation, improving resource utilization efficiency, enhancing ecological carrying capacity, fortifying urban ecological resilience, and attaining high quality, high efficiency and sustainability of urban renewal have become the focus of attention and important issues to be solved in cities at all levels in China.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRelevant studies on urban renewal: Urban renewal is defined by both domestic and international scholars as a diversified expansion and promotion strategy aimed at achieving equitable distribution of social resources, improving people's life quality, promoting urban industrial upgrading, and improving the quality of urban culture [3]. Or it is a comprehensive and holistic urban development plan and action for urban development that seeks to continuously enhance the economic, social, and physical environment conditions in the region while also addressing difficult urban challenges[4]. In terms of quantitative research, The impact of urban renewal on ecological resilience [5], high-quality development[6], commuting behavior[7], government debt[8], and other factors in recent years. Additionally, the spatial correlation network between urban renewal and ecological resilience[9] and the ecological resilience's response to urban renewal have been examined[10] Research on ecological resilience. Scholars focus on measuring resilience levels, building resilience indicator systems using theoretical frameworks including\u0026ldquo;pressure-state-response\u0026rdquo;(PSR)[11],\u0026ldquo;vulnerability-resistance-robustness-resilience\u0026rdquo;,,[12]and \u0026ldquo;resistance-resilience- adaptability\u0026rdquo;[13], explore the spatial-temporal pattern differences and evolution characteristics of ecological resilience using spatial Markov chain, comprehensive evaluation method, and hierarchical analysis method [14,15,16]. The influence mechanisms or factors of ecological resilience are examined using spatial panel regression[17], ERGM[18], GTWR[19], and QAP[20]. The research on ecological efficiency by scholars at home and abroad has become increasingly mature, and the efficiency measurement methods include DEA, Life Cycle Evaluation, and Super Efficiency SBM[21,22,23]. Research on the coupling coordination of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. Niu analyzed the coordinated development of ecological efficiency and ecological resilience with the \u0026ldquo;2\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;26\u0026rdquo; cities as the research object and concluded that the two types of coordination are dominated by barely coordinated cities, and the pressure of eco-environmental governance is still high[24]. Li examined the coordinated effect of ecological resilience and ecological efficiency with 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt as the research object. And believed that the coordination level of the two showed a trend towards high-quality coordinated level, and ecological efficiency was the order parameter of the dominant coordinated evolution[25].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn summary, the existing literature mainly examines the coupling coordination relationship between ecological resilience and ecological efficiency, with less focus on the distribution characteristics, spatial evolution, and factors of the coordination relationship between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. Existing studies have mainly focused on the country as a whole, on urban agglomerations, and on individual cities, while the research directly on the 14 prefectures of Xinjiang with unbalanced resources and arid climate is not involved, especially for the arid areas with fragile ecosystems, where the urban renewal process is more vulnerable to the influence and limitations of regional ecological conditions. Based on this, this paper selects 14 prefectures in Xinjiang as the research object, measures the development level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency scientifically, accurately grasps the spatiotemporal evolution and coordinated development trend of these three concepts, and deeply discusses the influencing factors that affect their coordinated development, which can provide reference value for promoting regional coordinated development.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2. Materials and Methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.1. \u003cem\u003eTheoretical basis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.1.1. \u003cem\u003eConnotation of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe correlation system between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency is composed of three parts. Among them, urban renewal is a coordinated effort made in the areas of social, economic, cultural, and environmental standards of residents\u0026apos; lives to preserve, repair, improve, rebuild, or eliminate the built-up areas within the city through planning and construction[26]. Ecological resilience refers to the ability of ecosystems to actively maintain, adapt, and reconstruct in the face of external disturbances[27]. Ecological efficiency refers to achieving maximum economic output with the minimum ecological load[28]. The interaction between the three subsystems of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency is complex and dynamic; alterations to one will cause a \u0026quot;chain reaction\u0026quot; in the other two subsystems(Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). Therefore, it is necessary to promote the coordinated development of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency, eliminate the negative effects of ecological pressure, enhance ecological resilience, and promote high-quality urban development.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHarken established the Synergetic theory in 1977, pointing out that any system is composed of multiple elements, the elements should collaborate and interact with each other to achieve the result of coordination from disorder to order, from fluctuation to stability of the intrinsic factors, and emphasized that the agglomeration of the capabilities of each system will produce a new function that the overall function exceeds the sum of the functions of each element[29]. This offers an effective theoretical foundation for the coordinated development of urban renewal, ecological efficiency, and ecological resilience At present, Urban renewal in Xinjiang\u0026apos;s arid region is currently hindered by poor ecological conditions and inadequate regional resource allocation, ecological efficiency by low water resource utilization and severe environmental pollution, and ecological resilience by water scarcity, notable regional disparities, and low ecosystem stability, the coordination of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency requires that within the sustainable development framework, the strategy of coordination and matching among the three should be sought, to form the effect of 1\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;1\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;1\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;3. From the inside of the system, urban renewal can provide a sustainable and stable guarantee for ecological resilience and efficiency by establishing green space, promoting the application of green technology, and promoting the shift of industries to ecological practices. Enhancing ecological resilience helps achieve several objectives, including lowering pollutants, reducing carbon emissions, protecting biodiversity, and increasing renewal efficiency. Enhancing ecological efficiency contributes to improving the stability of ecological resilience and the reduction of pollution emissions from urban renewal. From the perspective of system externality, the coordinated evolution of the composite system built by urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency has a significant impact on social progress, economic development, and the ecological environment. It helps to promote the optimization of urban spatial layout, technological management innovation, ecological environment improvement, forced industrial transformation, improve resource utilization efficiency, and promote urban sustainable development[10].\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.1.2. Factors of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnder the background of promoting high-quality economic development in China. The rapid expansion of urbanization and the urban population density growth have caused problems such as urban land contraction and the water environment deterioration, which have affected the sustainable development of urban renewal[10]. Through their influence on construction technology innovation, industrial upgrading and transformation, and the construction of urban sewage cleanup infrastructure, financial science and technology expenditures and environmental governance can simultaneously improve environmental problems, increase resource utilization, and achieve economic and ecological coordination. Based on this, this paper deeply analyzes how the five factors of economy, labor, technology, ecology, and capital affect the coordinated development of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section4\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.1.2.1. Direct effect\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEndogenous growth theory points out that economic growth can promote technological progress, human capital accumulation, and knowledge spillover. Technological progress caused by urban economic benefits can effectively control pollution emissions and reduce resource consumption through source prevention and control, forming a \u0026quot;technology-efficiency-resilience\u0026quot; closed loop[30]. Human capital is the engine of economic growth. Economic development draws in top talent, whose knowledge bases directly support ecological innovation in urban renewal. The \u0026quot;learning by doing\u0026quot; effect prompts the government to dynamically adjust its policies in urban renewal, balancing economic growth and ecological goals, and realizing the linkage of \u0026quot;economic incentives, efficiency enhancement, and resilience enhancement\u0026rdquo;.According to the factor accumulation buffer effect, a variety of innovative factors, including talent, capital, technology, and information, flow together with urban redevelopment when it faces environmental disturbance. It will inevitably lead to the accumulation of information, capital stock, technological advancements, and knowledge[31]. These elements accumulation lays a solid foundation for urban renewal and sustainable promotion, and knowledge accumulation is the technological innovation precondition. The production function states that increasing skill factors will undoubtedly boost technological innovation output. The dynamic accumulation of elements can enhance the urban system\u0026apos;s capacity for self-organization, hence enhancing its ability to withstand environmental shocks.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section4\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.1.2.2. Indirect effect\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUrban renewal penetrates, diffuses, and radiates to other geographical locations through factor flow, and information exchange, and then produces spillover effects[9]:①Economic spillover effect. Urban renewal stimulates industrial development and stimulates the vitality of renewal zones and cities[6]. Urban renewal guides the flow of capital. When a city\u0026apos;s economy reaches a certain stage, its development momentum will moderately spread to the surrounding areas, This spatial spillover effect can not only activate the economic vitality of surrounding cities but also provide continuous capital injection for urban ecological environment protection and economic construction.②Labor spillover effect. The concentration of urban population density has significantly increased labor mobility in the city and prompted several highly trained workers to participate in urban renewal construction projects[30]. ③Technology spillover effect. The region with substantial expenditures in scientific research has advantages in industrial technology innovation, public service efficiency, cutting-edge technology application, etc. Its innovative achievements generate spatial spillover effect through interregional technology transfer and industry-university-research coordination mechanisms, maximize the efficiency of factor allocation, and realize the cross-regional integration of resources.④Ecological management demonstration effect. To reduce environmental pollution and improve environmental quality brought on by urban renewal and enhance environmental quality, regions that increase their investment in the environment will formulate \u0026quot;environmental protection policies and plans.\u0026quot; Neighboring regions can use these effective examples as a guide to creating more scientific environmental policies that better meet the needs of regional development. ⑤Capital sharing effect. Facing the development pressure of resource constraints and ecological priority, highway construction provides a connecting channel for the economy, society, environment, and culture, Through factor flow, resource sharing, and information exchange, local advantageous resources will be spread to adjacent areas, promoting the coordinated development of neighboring cities\u0026apos; economies and ecosystems, and realizing the sustainable development of urban renewal.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.2.\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cem\u003eIndicator construction and data sources\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.2.1. Indicator construction\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1)Urban renewal indicator system. The urban renewal indicator system makes use of all-encompassing, holistic ideas and practices to improve the city sustainably over the long run from an economic, social, physical, and environmental standpoint[4]. The urban renewal indicator system is built using four layers of urban construction, facility building, ecological construction, and cultural construction, all of which are based on the practices of the predecessors [32,33](Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eevaluation indicator of urban renewal and ecological resilience\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ccolgroup cols=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGuideline Layer\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eElement Layer\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndicator Layer/unit\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eType\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWeights\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"11\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUrban\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003erenewal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUrban\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003econstruction\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUrban population density (person/km\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2754\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBuilt up area(km\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4676\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCompleted housing units in construction(m\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2569\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFacility\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003econstruction\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePer capita urban road area(m\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4228\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNumber of health-care facilities (units)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUrban Drainage Density(km/km\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3769\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEcological\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003econstruction\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUrban green space area(hm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3109\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGreen coverage area of built-up area(hm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3450\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGreen space per capita(m\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3441\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCultural\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003econstruction\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNumber of teaching staff in general higher education(person)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2598\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEffective invention patent share(piece)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4705\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePublic library stock(one thousand volumes)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2697\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEcological\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResistance\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndustrial wastewater emissions(100\u0026nbsp;million tons)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3154\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eresilience\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndustrial sulfur dioxide emissions (mg/m\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2853\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndustrial nitrogen dioxide emissions (mg/m\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1279\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndustrial solid waste emissions(Ten thousand tons)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2715\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResilience\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndustrial solid waste treatment rate(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2944\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUrban sewage treatment rate(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3446\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHarmless treatment rate of municipal solid waste(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3610\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAdaptability\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGreening coverage in built-up areas(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1762\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePer capita land area(m\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEcological water consumption(100\u0026nbsp;million m\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3348\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInvestment in environmental treatment(Ten thousand yuan)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2167\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(2)Ecological resilience indicator system. Based on evolutionary theory, Wamsler proposes that resilience is the ability of a system to resist, cope, and change in the face of disturbances and shocks[34]. Based on \u0026ldquo;evolutionary resilience\u0026rdquo;, this paper combines the relevant existing results[4,9,10] to establish a comprehensive measurement system for ecological resilience, which includes three dimensions of resistance, resilience, and adaptability, with a total of 11 indicators (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(3)Ecological efficiency indicator system. Ecological efficiency consists of two main indicators: inputs and outputs; the higher the output, the higher the corresponding efficiency, and vice versa[35] Considering the characteristics of industrial development in Xinjiang, this paper refers to relevant research results to construct the evaluation indicator system of ecological efficiency[21,36,37](Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eecological efficiency evaluation indicator system\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ccolgroup cols=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGuideline Layer\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eElement Layer\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndicator Layer/unit\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"6\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInput\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCapital\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInvestment in fixed assets(ten thousand yuan)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLabour\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYear-end employment(ten thousand people)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWater resource\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal water consumption(100\u0026nbsp;million m\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEnergy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEnergy consumption per 10,000 GDP(ton of standard coal)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eElectricity consumption per 10,000 GDP(kWh)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLand\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUrban built-up area(km\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"6\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOutput\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExpected output\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRegional GDP(ten thousand yuan)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLocal budget revenue(trillion yuan)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnexpected output\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndustrial wastewater discharge(100\u0026nbsp;million tons)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndustrial solid waste emissions(ten thousand tons)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSO2 emission (mg/m\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo2 emission (mg/m\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec10\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.2.2. Data source\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe data of each variable is mainly from the data of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Bureau of statistics, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Water Conservancy Department, and other government departments, And《Xinjiang Statistical Yearbook (2011\u0026ndash;2022)》,《Xinjiang Water Resources Bulletin (2010\u0026ndash;2021)》,《Xinjiang water and soil conservation Bulletin (2010\u0026ndash;2021)》,《Xinjiang Ecological Environment Bulletin (2010\u0026ndash;2021)》, and national economic and social development statistical bulletin and Environmental Status Bulletin of various prefectures and cities, etc. for some missing data, linear interpolation method is used to supplement.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.3.\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cem\u003eMethods\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec12\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.3.1. Coupled coordination model\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe coupling coordination degree model is used to analyze the coordinated development level of things. The coupling degree refers to the degree of interaction between the reaction system and elements. The coordination degree reflects the coordination quality. The comprehensive evaluation method is used to measure the comprehensive index of urban renewal and ecological resilience[11], and the Super-SBM is used to measure ecological efficiency[21]. Based on the existing research results[38,39], a coupling coordination degree model of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency is constructed:\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Equ1\" class=\"Equation\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"EquationNumber\"\u003e\u003cimg 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\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWhere: \u003cem\u003eY\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003e1j\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, \u003cem\u003eY\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003e2j\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eY\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003e3j\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e are the development level of urban renewal, the development level of ecological resilience, and the development level of ecological efficiency, respectively. \u003cem\u003eT\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ej\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e is the development level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency, \u003cem\u003eC\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ej\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e is the coupling degree, \u003cem\u003eD\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ej\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e is the coordination degree, and, \u003cem\u003e\u0026alpha;\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e\u0026gamma;\u003c/em\u003e are the undetermined coefficients, the three systems are equally important(\u003cem\u003e\u0026alpha;\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;\u003cem\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;\u003cem\u003e\u0026gamma;\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1/3). In general, the coupling degree C can judge the strength of the coupling effect among urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency, but cannot reflect the overall coordination development level effect of the three, while the coupling coordination degree models can judge the overall efficacy and coordination development level effect of different systems [40], Therefore, this paper adopts the coupling coordination degree D to characterize the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec13\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.3.2. Kernel density estimation\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe kernel density estimation can fully demonstrate the distribution dynamics and evolution law of the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level, this paper introduces the kernel density estimation method to examine the distribution pattern, development trend, and other dynamic features of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang[41].\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec14\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.3.3. Traditional and spatial Markov chains\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMarkov chains show the transition of random variables in state space and are usually applied to the evolution of some regions without posteriority. Spatial Markov chains consider the role of spatial factors in the evolution of economic phenomena[42]. In this paper, spatial Markov chains are constructed to reveal the type transfer law of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec15\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.3.4. Spatial econometric model\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eConstruct spatial econometric models to study the influencing factors of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level, specifically including spatial lag model (SLM), spatial error model (SEM), and spatial Durbin model (SDM)[9]. The spatial econometric model can not only quantitatively analyze the endogenous interaction effect of independent variables, but also reflect the spatial exogenous interaction effect of variables.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec16\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.3.5. GTWR\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBrunsdon first proposed a Geographically Weighted Regression model in 1996 in order to shed light on the non-stationarity of spatial data[43], Spatial econometric regression parameters are based on the spatial homogeneity assumption, and the estimated parameters are constant, which is not completely consistent with spatial heterogeneity[41]. Therefore, this paper uses GTWR to take into account the two dimensions of time and space to investigate the spatial heterogeneity of various impact factors. The following is the model:\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"data:image/png;base64,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\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWhere: \u003cem\u003ex\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003ei\u003c/sub\u003e is the explained variable of Prefecture i; (\u003cem\u003e\u0026micro;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nu;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, \u003cem\u003et\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e) is the spatial coordinate of Prefecture \u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e; \u003cem\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003e0\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e(\u003cem\u003e\u0026micro;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nu;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, \u003cem\u003et\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e) is the intercept of Prefecture \u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e; \u003cem\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ek\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e(\u003cem\u003e\u0026micro;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nu;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, \u003cem\u003et\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e) is the regression coefficient of the \u003cem\u003ek\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003eth\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e explanatory variable of Prefecture \u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e; \u003cem\u003eZ\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eik\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e is a set of explanatory variables; \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e is the number of explanatory variables; \u003cem\u003e\u0026epsilon;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e is the residual term.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"3. Results","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec18\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.1. \u003cem\u003eAnalysis of the development level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in Xinjiang\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe paper measured the development level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in 14 prefectures of Xinjiang from 2010 to 2021 using the comprehensive evaluation method and the super-efficiency SBM-DEA model(Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e) The ArcGIS 10.2 software is used for spatial visualization, The natural fracture method is used to divide the development level into five categories(Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec19\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.1.1. Analysis of urban renewal development level\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAs a whole, Xinjiang\u0026apos;s urban renewal index fluctuated upward from 2010 to 2021 (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e), rising from 0.127 to 0.748, with an average annual growth rate of 17.86% and an increase of 489.0% over the 12 years. This indicates that urban landscape and construction are accelerating due to the continuous renewal of old cities in all Xinjiang states over the past ten years. By 2021, it will have reached its peak value, indicating that the medical service system improvement and the education infrastructure strengthening are working together to support the enhancement of cultural facilities, urban infrastructure, and public services. Continue to increase investment in the culture field, attract high-level talents to gather in Colleges and universities, and participate in scientific research and teaching innovation practice.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe urban renewal development level in Xinjiang presents a spatial pattern of \u0026quot;high in the northeast and low in the southwest\u0026quot; (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e), indicating that there are gradient differences in the development level between regions. High-value agglomeration area: Altay region (comprehensive score 0.467), as an area in Xinjiang that surpasses the threshold of 0.46, forms a core circle of \u0026quot;Urumqi-Changji-Altay region\u0026quot;, with an average urban renewal value of 0.450, It shows that Urumqi, as the capital of Xinjiang, has a high urbanization level, rapid urban renewal, relatively complete infrastructure, and public services, better natural conditions in the core circle, and relatively coordinated ecological protection and urban renewal; Medium-value transition zone: Bazhou and Kashgar\u0026apos;s urban renewal development level is in the median zone, indicating that the infrastructure in some remote areas is still comparatively outdated, that the southern Xinjiang region is still experiencing water scarcity and land desertification issues, and that ecological restoration and environmental protection need to be given more consideration during the urban renewal process; Low-value vulnerable area. Hotan and Hami have scores that are typically below 0.320, with Hotan ranking last with a composite score of 0.317, Indicating the urban renewal development level is related to the socio-economic structure, resource-based cities and prefectures with comparatively underdeveloped economies will be subject to greater social and economic pressures as they transform their industrial structures.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDevelopment level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ccolgroup cols=\"13\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYear\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUrban renewal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.127\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.171\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.239\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.275\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.316\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.374\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.402\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.442\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.437\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.511\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.589\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.748\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResilience\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.461\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.466\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.402\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.456\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.477\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.482\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.382\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.505\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.545\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.528\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.616\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.638\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEfficiency\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.333\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.402\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.418\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.496\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.596\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.570\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.481\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.621\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.688\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.746\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.820\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.827\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec20\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.1.2. Analysis of ecological resilience development level\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe overall change in Xinjiang\u0026apos;s ecological resilience index from 2010 to 2021 was not significant (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e), showing an N-shaped change trend, with an increase of 38.4% over the 12 years and an average annual growth rate of 2.80%. This indicates that the ecosystem of Xinjiang has steadily stabilized and that both its resilience to external influences and its capacity to recover have been continuously improved. The ecological resilience index showed a slight downward trend in 2016, (value of 0.382), likely caused by the high levels of pollutants produced by human production and living activities as well as the comparatively large per capita share of built-up land. The ecological environment system presented a relatively lower state than in previous years. After 2016, it increased gradually, and the trend of the shift from 2016 to 2021 was an increase in magnitude to 67.23%, the main reason is that the park green area and per capita land area are high, and the ecological resilience index is high, which improves the resilience level.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eXinjiang\u0026apos;s ecological resilience exhibits a notable spatial differentiation pattern of \u0026quot;high in the north and low in the South\u0026quot; (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e), Human production and living activities have different response abilities to the disturbance of the regional ecological environment. High-value agglomeration area (0.542\u0026ndash;0.564): Karamay has the highest ecological resilience value, mainly due to its simple ecological background and rich oil resources. In the process of economic development, it has a certain amount of capital and technical strength to invest in the transformation and construction of the ecological environment. With the publication and implementation of 《the Ecological Construction Plan for the Desert Gobi》 in the Central Region of Karamay City in June 2017, 940 square kilometers of desertified land in the center of Karamay and the Baikalintan District\u0026apos;s outskirts came under government control. Furthermore, the Karamay City water diversion project creates a higher ecological resilience zone by providing water security for extensive afforestation, greening, and ecological restoration; Medium-value transition zone: Changji Prefecture and Turpan City have continued to strengthen urban greening, while urban air quality and water quality have been effectively improved, with a medium level of ecological resilience. Low-value vulnerable area (0.440\u0026ndash;0.482): Bazhou and Altay came in last on the list, most likely as a result of the low rate of greening construction and the disposal of urban garbage, which lowers the resistance index and ecological resilience throughout the region.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec21\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.1.3. Analysis of ecological efficiency development level\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eXinjiang\u0026apos;s ecological efficiency index rose from 0.333 to 0.827 from 2010 to 2021, an increase of 148.4% over the 12 years, with an average annual growth rate of 8.74% (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e). This suggests that Xinjiang\u0026apos;s ecological efficiency level is increasing more quickly and that its capacity for scientific and technological innovation has been strengthened to improve resource utilization and hasten the development of a low-input, high-output production model. Ecological efficiency showed an upward trend from 2010 to 2015 and a slight decline in 2016 with an index value of 0.481, which was mainly due to The long-term focus on eco-protection in the upper regions, particularly the steady progress of the \u0026quot;coal-to-electricity\u0026quot; project in the southern border, and the vigorous use of clean energy has resulted in a continuous decline in emissions of pollutants, such as SO2 and NO2, and a significant increase after 2016 to 2021.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe distribution of mean ecological efficiency values in Xinjiang is comparatively dispersed, showing a \u0026quot;patchy distribution\u0026quot; and a pattern of \u0026quot;high in the north and low in the south,\u0026quot; pattern (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e). High-value agglomeration area (0.730\u0026ndash;0.906): The top ecological efficiency value of Karamay City (0.906) mainly stems from the fact that Karamay City is backed by strong economic strength, which enables it to provide sufficient financial support for eco-construction and environmental protection, and to continuously research, develop and apply advanced energy-saving and emission reduction technologies, resource recycling technologies, etc., in the petroleum extraction and related industries; Medium-value transition zone (0.585\u0026ndash;0.730): Changji Prefecture, Urumqi, and other northern border urban agglomerations are located in the medium-value transition zone (0.585\u0026ndash;0.730), which depends on technological intensification (such as water-saving irrigation and recycling economies) during the industrialization and urbanization process to partially balance resource consumption and ecological efficiency. Low-value vulnerable area (0.235\u0026ndash;0.362): The ecological efficiency of Hotan, Kezhou, and Hami is low because these areas are restricted by the extremely arid climate, limited carrying capacity of oasis, single desertification of industrial structure, etc., which exacerbates the marginal diminution of ecological efficiency, the ecological efficiency is at a low level for a long period time and shows the \u0026ldquo;resource locking effect\u0026rdquo;, so it is necessary to break the \u0026ldquo;inefficiency-vulnerability\u0026rdquo; cycle through the mechanism of eco-compensation and industrial transformation. Therefore, it is necessary to break the \u0026ldquo;inefficiency-fragility\u0026rdquo; cycle through the ecological compensation mechanism and industrial transformation.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec22\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.2. \u003cem\u003eSpatio-temporal evolution analysis of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec23\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.2.1. Time evolution analysis of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFigure \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e indicates the core density function central point of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in all regions of Xinjiang from 2010 to 2021 continued to move to the right, and the position of the kernel density moved significantly to the right. Indicating that the coordinated development effect of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in Xinjiang was very significant, However, the spatial differentiation of the coordination level among regions in Xinjiang is obvious in terms of the number of crests, crest height, and curve width. Specifically, the kernel density curves in the northern border region show that the coordination level of the seven prefectures in the northern border region is displaying a trend of differentiation and expansion. In 2012, the wave peaks changed from a \u0026quot;single-peak\u0026quot; distribution to a \u0026quot;multiple-peak\u0026quot; pattern, with the main peak situated in the low-level zone on the left side, which is significantly higher than the secondary peaks on the right. It revealed that the proportion of low-level regions was significantly higher than that of high-level groups, and the spatial polarization characteristics were prominent; The eastern border region\u0026apos;s kernel density curve demonstrates that the main peak\u0026apos;s height increased significantly in 2012, indicating the clear convergence of the spatial gap between Turpan City and Hami City in the coordinated development of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency during that period. After 2013, the main peak\u0026apos;s height quickly decreased and leveled off, causing the gap between the two cities\u0026apos; coordination levels to widen once more. The region\u0026apos;s level of spatial differentiation also displayed a characteristic of phased fluctuation.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe core density curve of Southern Xinjiang during the study period exhibited bimodal or multi-peak distribution characteristics, suggesting a polarization trend in the level of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency; the secondary peaks\u0026apos; height is consistently lower than the primary peaks\u0026apos;, the primary peaks\u0026apos; height is still declining; and the distribution pattern tends to be gentle from steep, revealing the spatial heterogeneity of the level of coordination between the regions; the degree of dispersion is continuously increasing over time; The peak height of the nuclear density curve in Xinjiang has decreased year by year, indicating that The density distribution curve of the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang as a whole shift to the right over time, as the number of areas with high coordination values rises and the number of areas with low values decreases. The coordination level of the two exhibits an ever-increasing evolution characteristic, and the kernel density curve shifts from a trailing-right one to a trailing-left one. Indicating that the overall level of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in Xinjiang is uneven. The waveform is primarily a \u0026quot;single peak\u0026quot; with one peak, and the kernel density curve is flat and wide, Polarization is absent and decreasing in most areas, except a few years when there is a \u0026ldquo;double peak\u0026rdquo; pattern and polarization is present.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec24\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.2.2. Spatial evolution characteristics of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eArcGIS10.2 software was used for spatial visualization, and the natural breakpoint technique was used to classify the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang in 2010, 2013, 2017, and 2021 into five categories: low, relatively low, medium, relatively high, and high(Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e ).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn 2010, eastern Xinjiang showed a relatively low level or low level of coordination, while northern Xinjiang mainly showed a medium level of coordination, and only Urumqi and Altay showed a relatively high level of coordination or above. The level of coordination in southern Xinjiang is relatively scattered, Bazhou and Kashgar are at a relatively low level, Hotan and Kezhou are at a medium level, and The Aksu region has a relatively high coordination level, suggesting that the positive spillover brought about by the optimal allocation of infrastructure resources and environmental regulation in the process of urban renewal in the region is greater than the problems of large-scale demolition and construction, resource waste, and habitat quality degradation. Regions with similar coordination levels exhibit the traits of \u0026quot;point-like dispersion and block-like agglomeration.\u0026quot; Regions with medium levels of coordination dominated in 2013. The coordination level of the eastern border is still in a relatively low level, the proportion of regions with increased coordination in the northern border is in a connective extension, Changji Prefecture has developed from a medium coordination level to a high coordination level, and the coordination level in Bo Prefecture, Yili Prefecture, and the city of Urumqi have all increased. This may be due to the vigorous and orderly promotion of urban renewal initiatives, the coordination level of three has sharply increased, which could be attributed to several factors, including the growing urban population, the expansion of construction land, the comprehensive support of infrastructure requirements, and the demand for high-quality, environmentally friendly living. In Southern Xinjiang, the percentage of regions with less coordination has shrunk, while the coordination levels in the Hotan, Kexu, and Aksu regions have all declined in comparison to 2010.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe number of districts at high levels of coordination in the Northern Territory was higher and more clustered in distribution in 2017, compared to 2013, the level of coordination increased. East Xinjiang continues to have a relatively low coordination level, which suggests that throughout the urban development process, Hami and Turpan cities had significant ecological harm and unequal resource allocation, which resulted in polarization and spatial stratification issues. The coordination level of Bazhou and Kashgar in Southern Xinjiang has improved, with Kashgar rising from a relatively low level to a relatively high level. While the coordination level of other regions has decreased. The block-like agglomeration feature of various coordination levels considerably increased during this time. In 2021, Xinjiang\u0026apos;s coordinated level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency will have a spatial distribution pattern that is \u0026quot;low in the southwest and high in the northeast.\u0026quot; Block-like aggregation is a characteristic of regions with the same coordination level. While the intermediate value regions\u0026apos; spatial evolution demonstrates a connected-dispersed distribution tendency, the low-value regions exhibit a point-like dispersion. The Eastern Border\u0026apos;s coordination level has significantly increased at the regional level, exhibiting relatively high or high levels of coordination. In contrast, Northern Xinjiang has maintained a medium or high level, and only Bozhou has a relatively low coordination level. Kezhou and Hotan maintain relatively low levels along the southern border, all other regions have seen a rise in coordination with a block-like cluster distribution. In conclusion, the coordination level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in Xinjiang has improved from 2010 to 2021. Regions with low, relatively low, and medium levels of coordination gradually shift to relatively high or high levels. While areas with high and relatively high coordination levels are dispersed throughout the southwest and clustered in the northeast, areas with medium and high coordination levels are dispersed as points and blocks. \u0026quot;High in the northeast and low in the southwest\u0026quot; progressively characterizes the spatial structure of coordinated development.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec25\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.3. \u003cem\u003eTransition probability analysis of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn this paper, the traditional Markov chain and spatial Markov chain are used to further examine the transfer direction of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level and its transfer probability in each prefecture of Xinjiang, to effectively grasp its dynamic evolution law. The urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination levels can be categorized into five grades. Among them, level 1 indicates less than 20% quartile, which is a low level; level 2 is between 20%-40% quartile, which is a low level; level 3 is between 40%-60% quartile, which is a medium level; level 4 is between 60%-80% quartile, which is a high level; and level 5 is greater than the 80% quartile, which is a high level[44] Through the MATLAB R2024b software, the distribution state transfer probability of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level was measured for each prefecture in Xinjiang from 2010 to 2021.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec26\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.3.1. Traditional Markov chain analysis\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFirst, Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e shows that the probability values of diagonal elements are substantially higher than those of non-diagonal elements. The probability distributions of each type\u0026apos;s initial state maintenance are as follows: 61.76%, 54.55%, 45.45%, 43.75%, and 81.82%, with the probability of preserving the initial level typically greater than 50%. With the likelihood of retaining the high-level group reaching 81.82%, the probability values at the two ends of the diagonal line are substantially higher than those in the middle zone, suggesting that areas with high coordination levels are more stable. This distribution feature supports the idea of \u0026quot;club convergence,\u0026quot; which states that regional coordination levels are hierarchically solidified and that it is more challenging to achieve a leap across levels. Second, there is a phenomenon of hierarchical transfer between neighboring types in each prefecture\u0026rsquo;s coordination level between urban renewal, ecological efficiency, and ecological resilience. This suggests that improving the coordination level between these three factors takes time and is a gradual process. The probability of an upward leap in each tier is low (32.35%), lower (39.39%), medium (42.42%), and higher (46.88%), according to the transfer matrix distribution. This indicates that Xinjiang\u0026apos;s urban renewal, ecological efficiency, and ecological resilience coordination level are improving along a gradient. Each level has a different likelihood of slipping downward: relatively low level (3.03%), medium level (9.09%), relatively high level (9.38%), and high-level (18.18%). Even though there is a positive trend in regional coordination development, it is necessary to be vigilant against the risk of high-level decline, actively sustain the existing level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination at this stage, and strive to improve its upward transfer.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab4\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTraditional Markov transition probability matrix of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eType\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅠ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅡ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅤ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅠ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6176\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3235\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0588\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅡ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0303\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5455\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3939\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0303\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0909\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4545\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4242\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0303\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0938\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4375\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4688\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅤ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1818\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8182\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec27\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.3.2. Spatial Markov chain analysis\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe spatial Markov transition probability matrix is constructed in this paper by adding the spatial lag condition to the traditional Markov chain transition probability matrix, to further examine the influence of the spatial relationship on the development trend of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang. Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e displays the findings. Compared with the traditional Markov transition probability matrix, the transition probability distribution of the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in the several Xinjiang prefectures varies considerably under various spatial lag states. The presence of non-zero values on both sides of the diagonal of the spatial Markov transfer matrix reveals the possibility of hierarchical leapfrogging in the level of regional coordination, with the possibility of positive upgrading of adjacent tiers and the risk of reverse slippage. Rank shifts occur between neighboring ranks, reflecting the significant impact of the spatial correlation of regional development on the evolution of the level of coordination.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab5\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 5\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMarkov transition probability matrix of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level space in Xinjiang\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ccolgroup cols=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpatial lag type\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eType\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅠ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅡ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅤ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅠ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅠ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅡ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7143\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2857\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅤ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅡ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅠ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅡ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4615\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5385\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅤ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅠ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1667\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3333\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅡ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5714\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2857\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1429\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2727\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2727\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3636\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0909\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1111\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5556\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3333\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅤ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅠ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅡ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1667\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3333\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6364\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3636\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0833\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4167\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅤ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1250\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8750\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅤ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅠ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅡ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2500\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7500\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1111\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3333\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5556\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅤ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.9000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSecond, the Markov transition probability distribution of the level of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency varies significantly under the influence of geographical lag, and this region is significantly impacted spatially by the neighboring regions. The stability probability of the low-level group drops from 61.76\u0026ndash;0.00% when the neighborhood is at a high level, indicating that the stability of the regional coordination level is seriously disrupted. The spatial spillover effect is as follows: when the neighborhood is at a high level, the prefectures with low levels of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency are likely to make progress and improve. This suggests that being close to prefectures with high levels of coordination between these three factors is beneficial for raising the level of coordination in the area. Additionally, there is a positive \u0026quot;spillover effect\u0026quot; that will partially recover. Conversely, the transition probability of the low level, comparatively low level, medium level, and high level to the higher level is low and the probability of self-stability is high when the low level is a neighborhood. Nonetheless, the neighborhood\u0026apos;s high level has a 0.00% steady-state probability, making it extremely susceptible to the detrimental spillover impact of the low-level neighborhood. On the whole, the likelihood of each level moving to the upper level under the high-level lag type is, on average, low-level (0.00%), relatively low level (33.33%), medium level (36.36%), and relatively high level (41.67%). The likelihood of type transferring to the upper level is greater than the likelihood of relatively low level, medium level, relatively high level, and high level transferring to the lower level.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec28\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.4. \u003cem\u003eThe factors of the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec29\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.4.1. Factors Selection\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAccording to relevant research content[2,9], The explained variables are urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level; the explanatory variables are per capita GDP, urban population density, fiscal technology expenditure, total environmental investment, and infrastructure level. Among them, per capita GDP (pgdp) is expressed as regional GDP/total population (in 10000 yuan/person); The urban population density (den) is expressed as the ratio of urban population to total urban area (people/km2); Fiscal technology expenditure (fte), expressed in total local fiscal science and technology expenditure (in 10000 yuan); The total environmental investment (env) is expressed in terms of the total local environmental protection expenditure (10000 yuan); The infrastructure level (infra) is expressed in terms of road mileage/year-end population (kilometers/10000 people).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec30\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.4.2. Spatial correlation test\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e①Global spatial autocorrelation analysis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe existence of spatial correlation is a prerequisite for analyzing spatial effects, for this reason, this paper uses stata17 software to test the global spatial autocorrelation of the coordination level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency based on the adjacency matrix using the Moran\u0026apos;s I (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e). The findings demonstrate that the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang during the study period has a global Moran\u0026apos;s I of 0.078 in 2010 and \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.274 in 2021, both of which pass the significance test at the 10% level. This suggests that the coordinated level in Xinjiang demonstrates clear spatial clustering characteristics and transitions from spatial positive correlation to spatial negative correlation.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab6\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 6\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGlobal Moran\u0026apos;s I values of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ccolgroup cols=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYear\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMoran\u0026apos;s I\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eZ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYear\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMoran\u0026apos;s I\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eZ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.078\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.232\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.050\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.234\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.254\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.946\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.042\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.131\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.453\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.037\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.565\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.474\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.149\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.342\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.144\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.469\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.133\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.534\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.390\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.454\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.081\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.765\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.274\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.644\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.088\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e②Local spatial autocorrelation analysis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn this research, the local Moran\u0026apos;s I of the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level are plotted as a scatter plot to further analyze the spatial characteristics of the level. According to Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e, the Moran\u0026apos;s I in 2000 is primarily concentrated in the second and third quadrants, indicating L-H clustering and L-L clustering. By 2021, the Moran\u0026apos;s I is primarily concentrated in the first quadrant, exhibiting H-H agglomeration. This suggests that the great majority of Xinjiang\u0026apos;s regions exhibit strong isotropic spatial agglomeration in terms of the coordination level between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. That is, when the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in this region is at a high (low) level, the surrounding neighboring regions are also more likely to be at a high (low) level, and the spatial factor should be taken into account in the empirical process.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec31\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.4.3. Measurement model verification\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe factors impacting the coordination level between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency at the global level were determined using spatial econometric modeling [45]. First, the multicollinearity test findings demonstrate that there is no multicollinearity issue because all of the explanatory variables\u0026apos; VIF values are much less than 10. The spatial Durbin model with double fixation of time and area was ultimately chosen in this paper following a series of tests that included the Hausman, LM, Robust LM, Wald, and LR tests to decide which spatial econometric model is more appropriate to apply, as shown in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab7\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 7\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResults of spatial econometric model verification\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInspection\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResults\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInspection\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResults\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHausman\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e135.290\u003csup\u003e***\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWald-lag\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e62.090\u003csup\u003e***\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLM-error\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63.556\u003csup\u003e***\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWald-error\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45.430\u003csup\u003e***\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRobust LM-error\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48.774\u003csup\u003e***\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLR-lag\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49.96\u003csup\u003e***\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLM-lag\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.601\u003csup\u003e***\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLR-error\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.92\u003csup\u003e***\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRobust LM-lag\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.819\u003csup\u003e***\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003ctfoot\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003eNote: ***、**、* respectively indicate significance at the 1%, 5%, and 10% levels, the same applies below.\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tfoot\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrom the estimation results of the double fixed space Durbin model, the spatial autoregressive coefficient \u0026rho; is 0.432, which is significant at the 5% level (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e), indicating that the coordination level of Xinjiang\u0026rsquo;s urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency has a positive spatial spillover effect. This means that for every 1% increase in the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in this region, the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in the neighboring region will result in a 0.432% increase in the level of coordination in the neighboring region.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab8\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 8\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEstimation Results of the Spatial Durbin Model\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCoefficient\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCoefficient\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003elninfra\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.014\u003csup\u003e***\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ew*lninfra\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.057\u003csup\u003e***\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003elnpgdp\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0293\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ew*lnpgdp\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.035\u003csup\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003elnden\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.008\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ew*lnden\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.037\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003elnenv\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.009\u003csup\u003e***\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ew*lnenv\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.125\u003csup\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003elnfte\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.009\u003csup\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ew*lnfte\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.065\u003csup\u003e***\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026rho;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.432\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e168\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eR2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.358\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLog-likelihood\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e314.257\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eArea Fixed\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTime Fixed\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec32\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.4.4. Effect decomposition\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeSage noted that the use of the spatial Durbin model to determine the spatial effect may be biased and that the results cannot accurately reflect the degree of influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable[46]. The spatial effect must be broken down using the method of partial differentiation, where the direct effect refers to the influence of the independent variable of the region on the dependent variable of the region, and the indirect effect refers to the influence of the independent variable of the region of the dependent variable of the neighboring region, also known as the spatial spillover effect[47] (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab9\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 9\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDecomposition Results of Spatial Effects\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDirect effect\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndirect effect\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal effect\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003elninfra\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.020\u003csup\u003e***\u003c/sup\u003e(0.018)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.048\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e(0.035)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.028\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e(0.034)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003elnpgdp\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.026\u003csup\u003e***\u003c/sup\u003e(0.013)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.018\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e(0.028)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.045\u003csup\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003e(0.026)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003elnden\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.005\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e(0.007)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.027\u003csup\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003e(0.018)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.031\u003csup\u003e***\u003c/sup\u003e(0.018)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003elnenv\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e(0.011)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.096\u003csup\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003e(0.020)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.092\u003csup\u003e***\u003c/sup\u003e(0.022)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003elnfte\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e(0.007)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.048\u003csup\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003e(0.011)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.051\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e(0.011)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec33\" class=\"Section4\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.4.4.1. Direct effect\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAccording to the direct effect results (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e), the region\u0026apos;s urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level increase by 0.026 for every 10,000 yuan increase in per capita GDP. This coefficient of the direct effect of per capita GDP(pgdp) is 0.026, passing the 10% significance test. The improvement of living conditions is predicated on economic development, and as the nation\u0026apos;s financial strength increases, it offers a strong financial assurance for the establishment of a decent life and stable financial security (CHEN \u0026amp; LI, 2024). A higher per capita GDP indicates that citizens are more concerned with their quality of life and have higher expectations for public services and urban living conditions. This will cause the city to speed up urban renewal, and the government will invest more in ecological restoration and protection, which will improve environmental protection for urban renewal and create a positive feedback loop. The coefficient of the infrastructure level direct effect(Infra) is 0.020, Through a 10% significance test, it indicates that the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in the local region rises by 0.020 for every unit increase in infrastructure level. Cities can better organize their operations and modernize their businesses with the infrastructure support that highway building offers for urban renewal. Additionally, it improves ecological resilience and efficiency by fostering the conditions necessary for ecological restoration and conservation. The coefficient of the urban population density direct effect(den) is 0.005. through a 10% significance test, meaning that for every unit increase in urban population density, the level of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in the local area increases by 0.005. Higher population density can provide sufficient labor resources and a consumer market for urban renewal and stimulate the development of commercial and service industries in urban renewal. And, to some extent, provide more technological, material, and human support for ecological protection and restoration, which helps promote the construction of ecological resilience. On the other hand, an excessively high population density can put a strain on limited space, surpassing ecosystems\u0026apos; carrying capacity and intensifying the conflict between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe coefficient of the total environmental investment direct effect(env) is 0.003, passing the 10% significance test. Investments in environmental governance give the development of the coordination of urban renewal, ecological efficiency, and ecological resilience a material and technological basis. By guiding urban industries towards green, low-carbon, and environmentally friendly directions, optimizing the industrial structure of cities, establishing resilient ecosystems, improving environmental quality, and enhancing ecosystem functions, urban renewal can be carried out in a good ecological environment. At the same time, it also creates conditions for improving ecological efficiency and promotes the coordinated progress of the three. The coefficient of the fiscal technology expenditure direct effect(fte) is 0.003. Through a 10% significance test, it suggests that for every 1 unit rise in fiscal technology spending, the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in the local area increases by 0.003. Fiscal technology spending can direct funds to projects and regions that assist the coordinated development of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. It can also focus funds to support important technological research and development, the construction of large ecological projects. Prevent resource fragmentation and redundant investment, enhance the effectiveness of resource use, accomplish cooperative resource allocation optimization among the three, and encourage the maximization of overall benefits.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec34\" class=\"Section4\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.4.4.2. Indirect effect\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInfrastructure level (Infra) has an indirect effect coefficient of -0.048, meaning that for every unit increase in infrastructure level, the level of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in the surrounding areas decreases by 0.048. The development of highways has a negative impact on the surrounding areas. The construction of highways may result in a disorderly expansion of urban space, occupying a large amount of farmland and ecological land, making the urban form loose, and weakening the connections between urban functional areas, which in turn affects the urban development of neighboring areas. The total environmental investment (env) has a significantly negative indirect effect coefficient. Some high-polluting and high-energy-consuming industries will shift to areas with lax environmental regulations and low environmental investment if a region increases environmental investment and strictly regulates the environment. This will increase the cost of environmental governance, require more resources for environmental restoration in urban renewal, and lower ecological efficiency, thereby impeding the level of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. The per capita GDP (pgdp) indirect effect coefficient is substantially positive. Higher per capita GDP regions can share resources, construct more comprehensive infrastructure, offer services to other areas, and enhance the region\u0026apos;s overall ecological efficiency. In addition, it can draw businesses and people from nearby regions to congregate around it, creating a more sensible industrial layout and population distribution during the urban renewal process, encouraging the best possible use of regional resources, and raising the coordination level between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec35\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.4.5. Spatial differentiation characteristics\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTo further investigate the spatial heterogeneity of the factors of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang, this paper uses the GTWR model to visually analyze the regression coefficient of each factor (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFigure \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e illustrates the spatial differentiation characteristics and time-varying effects of per capita GDP, infrastructure level, total environmental investment, fiscal technology expenditure, and urban population density on the coordination level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. The economy\u0026apos;s role in the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level tends to strengthen, as evidenced by the increased regression coefficient of the impact of per capita GDP on the coordination level of these factors in different prefectures. The spatial pattern is evolving from strong in the north and weak in the south to strong in the southwest and weak in the northeast. The Hotan, Kashgar, and Kezhou regions exhibit the most notable shifts in the contribution of per capita GDP to coordinated development, indicating that these regions have demonstrated positive economic development patterns in recent years and have established a strong basis for the development of urban rejuvenation; The coefficient between urban population density and the coordination level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency has shifted from 0.8946\u0026times;102\u0026thinsp;~\u0026thinsp;0.8974\u0026times;102 to 0.7237\u0026times;102\u0026thinsp;~\u0026thinsp;2.9202\u0026times;102. The level of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency is positively impacted by urban population density, which spatially varies from strong in the east to weak in the west to strong in the east with an improved influence. The cities of Hotan, Kashgar, and Kezhou exhibit a steady increase in population density, which supplies enough labor for southern Xinjiang\u0026apos;s infrastructural development and public service enhancement;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe coefficient of infrastructure level is negative, indicating the infrastructure level has a constraining influence on the coordination level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency, and this effect tends to rise. Overreliance on traditional grey infrastructure (such as large-scale concrete buildings, roads, etc.) during urban road construction and significant damage to the ecological environment, while neglecting ecological restoration and environmental protection, may lead to a decline in the quality of the ecological environment; The coefficient of total environmental investment has shifted from the range of 1.5812\u0026times;10\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e~1.6042\u0026times;10\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e to1.5253\u0026times;10\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e~4.8163\u0026times;10\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e, indicating a positive trend in the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level. The effect of environmental governance expenditures on the coordination level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency was greatest in Hami City in 2010, and greater in Altay Region, Turpan City, Changji Prefecture, and Urumqi City, and then weakened in these regions by 2021, with a spatial pattern of high in the southwest and low in the northeast; The coefficient of fiscal technology expenditure has changed from the range of 3.8251\u0026times;102\u0026thinsp;~\u0026thinsp;3.8352\u0026times;102 to 1.8046\u0026times;102\u0026thinsp;~\u0026thinsp;3.5102\u0026times;102, showing a declining trend in the role of fiscal technology expenditure on the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level. The spatial pattern reveals a transition from high in the northeast and low in the southwest to high in the southwest and low in the northeast. The Altay region and Hami city have the most drop in impact, whereas Bazhou, Yili prefecture, and Bozhou have the smallest decline.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"4. Discussions","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec37\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.1. \u003cem\u003ePromote joint development initiatives, and narrow regional development gaps\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to the distribution characteristics of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level, although Turpan and Urumqi have a high coordination level, their ecological resilience is relatively low and their ability to resist risk shocks is limited. Therefore, the preservation of the natural environment should be given equal consideration with the development of urban redevelopment. As the capital of Xinjiang, Urumqi has a high level of coordination between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. It uses the beneficial spillover effect of high-value locations to raise the level of coordination in neighboring areas. Under the direction of composite functions, it develops plans for urban renewal that take into account the ecological background circumstances of different Xinjiang prefectures, exchanges green facilities and technology, and strengthens the connection between the ecological environment and urban growth.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec38\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.2. \u003cem\u003eInvestigate green urban renewal approaches and accomplish sustainable urban renewal development\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreen and low-carbon ideas are the main forces behind the sustainable development of cities. Encourage the use of green building materials, energy-saving technologies, and renewable energy, and actively carry out green transformation of urban infrastructure. Conversely, creating a dedicated fund for urban renewal, guaranteeing consistent funding sources and management, and offering strong financial backing for urban redevelopment initiatives. Regarding the form of involvement, we encourage a variety of entities to get involved and create a model for city renewal that includes people, businesses, social organizations, and the government. At the same time, we will enhance pertinent policies from a variety of angles, including environmental supervision, technology education investment, factor circulation, and industrial structure adjustment, and construct a city renewal support system with the cooperation of several organizations Additionally, pilot cities are urged to investigate, gather, and disseminate urban renewal experience to enhance the radiating and driving role of urban renewal, enhance the region's overall resource utilization efficiency, avoid blind expansion and extensive demolition and reconstruction, avoid resource waste and ecological damage, and ultimately achieve harmonious coexistence between the city and the natural environment.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec39\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.3. \u003cem\u003eEncourage ecological resilience space co-preservation and strengthen the system of environmental collaborative governance\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccelerate Xinjiang's urban renewal and development while strengthening the groundwork for the coordinated growth of ecological efficiency and resilience. On the one hand, following the concept of ecological priority and green bottom, we should always adhere to the core of ecological protection in the process of urban renewal development, and improve the quality of urban renewal development. By strengthening environmental protection publicity and education, establishing ecological assessment indicators, enhancing environmental law enforcement, promoting the concept of green development, and implementing environmental responsibility systems, we aim to increase the attention of local governments to the ecological environment; Conversely, we should make sure that urban renewal is sustainable, respect the ecological background of the place, design reconstruction projects sensibly, and realize the sensible use and development of natural resources in resource-depleted areas. We should strengthen ecological protection, alleviate the damage to ecological space, tighten the ecological defense line, and improve the implementation of ecological restoration, protection, and compensation mechanisms. Encourage businesses to invest more in green processes, production, and marketing; improve the creation of green products, services, and processes; raise the levels of material metabolism; and accomplish sustainable urban redevelopment.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec40\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.4. \u003cem\u003eLimitations and Future Research\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis paper explores the mutually beneficial connection between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency as well as the factors influencing the level of coordination among the three in the arid region of Xinjiang. Due to the focus on ecologically fragile zones with resource imbalance and arid climate, it provides a comprehensive and scientific diagnosis of urban development in Xinjiang and effectively identifies the key factors for the coordinated development of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in the region. Elucidating the degree of differentiation of the influence of the key factors on the various states. The government can better manage the Xinjiang region by combining the influencing factors based on local conditions and achieving Xinjiang's ecological and urban renewal sustainable development Furthermore, this study builds a framework for coordinated mechanisms for urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency using the coordination theory. This framework can serve as a theoretical guide for the coordinated process of the three. This paper only examines data up to 2021 due to data limitations, which may not adequately capture the complexity of urban development. Additionally, the classification of the urban renewal indicator system is only constructed from four levels. Future research can expand the urban renewal indicator division hierarchy to quantify the elemental layers from multiple perspectives.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"5. Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003eThis paper first determines the level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency development in Xinjiang, and assesses the current state of affairs. Based on this, it explores the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics, development trends, and factors of\u0026nbsp;urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level.\u0026nbsp;The research conclusions are as follows:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.The overall development level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in Xinjiang has shown an upward trend over time, while there are differing degrees of improvement. There is a distribution pattern between northern areas \u0026gt; southern regions concerning regional differences. The primary factors limiting the sustainable development of urban renewal and the enhancement of ecological resilience and efficiency are the economic climate and the natural environment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.The kernel density curves shows \"double peaks\" and broad, flat shape, and which indicates that the coordinated development of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in Xinjiang shows a polarization trend and exhibits a high spatial pattern in the northeast, while a low one in the the southwest.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.The traditional Markov chain results indicate that the transfer of the urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency coordination level in Xinjiang has higher stability. After incorporating spatial lag factors, the states of adjacent regions have a positive spillover effect on the evolution of regional states.The probability of collaborative type upward transfer in each region is greater than the probability of type downward transfer.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4.Urban population density, infrastructure level, total environmental investment, per capita GDP, and fiscal technology expenditure all support the enhancement of the coordination level between urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency. Among them, the infrastructure level and overall environmental investment have notable negative spatial spillover effects, and the impact of the five components has regional differentiation characteristics.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor Contributions:\u003c/strong\u003e Conceptualization, Y.S. and X.L.; methodology, Y.S.; software, Y.S.; validation, Y.S.; formal analysis, Y.S.; investigation, Y.S.; resources, X.L.; data curation, Y.S.; writing\u0026mdash;original draft preparation, Y.S.; writing\u0026mdash;review and editing, X.L.; visualization, Y.S.; supervision, X.L.; project administration, X.L.; funding acquisition, X.L. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e This research was funded by the project of \u0026ldquo;Xinjiang Autonomous Region Talent Development Fund \u0026lsquo;Tianchi Talent\u0026rsquo; Introduction Program (Innovation Leaders)\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Availability Statement:\u003c/strong\u003e Data is provided within the manuscript or supplementary information files.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConflicts of Interest:\u003c/strong\u003e The authors declare no conflicts of interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eHuang, G.Z.; Li, X.; Zhang, W.Z.; Lin, J.; Tian, L.; Zhang, J.X.; Zhu, J.M.; Wang, S.F.; Ye, Y.M.; Li, Z.G. Urban renewal in China with the transition to high-quality development: Challenges and paths. 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ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY. 2024, 44, 177-186+227.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency, coordination level, arid area","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6434596/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6434596/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe paper applies the comprehensive evaluation method, coupled coordination degree model, kernel density, traditional and spatial Markov chain, spatial econometric model, and GTWR, to analyze the distribution characteristics, spatial evolution, and factors of coordinated level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in the 14 prefectures in Xinjiang from 2010 to 2021. The results show that:(1)The development levels of Xinjiang's urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency show an overall upward trend, exhibiting qualities of \"high in the north and low in the South\" in space. (2)The coordinated level of urban renewal, ecological resilience, and ecological efficiency in Xinjiang shows a polarization trend and exhibits a high spatial pattern in the northeast, while a low one in the southwest. In the short term, the transfer of the coordination level in Xinjiang has higher stability; after the introduction of spatial geography, the coordination level shifts to a higher level with a higher probability.(3)urban population density, infrastructure level, total environmental investment, per capita GDP, and fiscal technology expenditure all support the enhancement of the coordination level. the infrastructure level and overall environmental investment have notable negative spatial spillover effects, and the impact of the five components has regional differentiation characteristics.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Coupling Coordination Degree of Urban renewal, Ecological Resilience, and Ecological Efficiency in Arid areas: Distribution Characteristics, Spatial Evolution, and Factors","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-05-13 12:49:25","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6434596/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"41cbbfda-9380-42ae-af29-a3ca71bc78fa","owner":[],"postedDate":"May 13th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":48392305,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences"},{"id":48392306,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental social sciences"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-12-05T11:24:14+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-05-13 12:49:25","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6434596","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6434596","identity":"rs-6434596","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}