Estimation of Hoek-Brown Strength Parameters from Time-Dependent Geotechnical Classification as Coal Roof Index (CRI) using Critical Plastic Strain Technique

Estimation of Hoek-Brown Strength Parameters from Time-Dependent Geotechnical Classification as Coal Roof Index (CRI) using Critical Plastic Strain Technique | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Estimation of Hoek-Brown Strength Parameters from Time-Dependent Geotechnical Classification as Coal Roof Index (CRI) using Critical Plastic Strain Technique Sonu Saran, Prudhvi Raju Gadepaka, Ashok Jaiswal This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4515962/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The roof fall or side fall is the most common type of rock failure observed particularly in underground coal mines. The numerical Method is one of the most advanced tools for the prediction of roof rock behaviour. The appropriate failure criteria play an important role in Numerical modelling. In this study, author has adopted Hoek-brown failure criteria for coal galleries using in numerical modelling. Numerical approaches take into account data from various 35 stable and failed cases of Indian coal mines. The Coal Roof Index (CRI) classification is a prime input parameter. The author first derived the range of ‘s’ parameter from the short-term stable cases (stand-up time 365 days). The final function of the strength parameter has been précised by consideration of all 35 cases. It has taken each of four different functions from the range of ‘m’, ‘s’, and ‘a’ parameter. Sixty-four function combinations of strength parameters have been simulated and the plastic strain value was obtained. These sixty-four combinations have been carried out based on the feedback mechanism after every combination to optimize the result and change the condition. The best-fitted curve has been established through the back analysis. It has been proposing an exponential relationship with CRI classification to estimate the Hoek-Brown strength parameters m, s, and a. The rock load height (RLH) was also observed through numerical modelling and a relationship was proposed between CRI and rock load height. The correlation coefficient for RLH vs CRI is quite impressive with R 2 value of 0.84. The rock load is measured by multiplication of roof rock density and RLH. Thus, an appropriate support resistance can be calculated. The validation has been done by considering 5 Indian coal mine cases among which 2 are stable cases and 3 are unstable cases. Hoek-Brown Strength Parameter CRI Classification Stand-up Time Numerical Method Plastic Strain Rock Load Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4515962","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":313725096,"identity":"e23ca1b5-06b9-45e3-a53e-2745113131e7","order_by":0,"name":"Sonu Saran","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA90lEQVRIie3RMWvCQBjG8Tdkvej6FqV+AuEtgUSh0K8SEJwcHB3CkalZ0j2C+B1cCgWHCweZjnbN2qWTQ9xcBGMiDoVL6+Zw/+3gftwDB2Ay3XU2gCgXCITNmf2HWFmqEG8gFZLOK1yJtkH8lqO15TCMHZEt1yPu9xKCQwh9X0NIfU4RfiR4shOI/TvieKXISnJg40hDcOYhCFERRtmyIlTMCJwIGAnNsLQmvCbSWTXEOrYQKGpiX0jUELvtFVLKHQVCsnpYmuPDRzqdy36O+mFx8lSUgj96X8oty5B3fZxsvnfh84t22Lng98dVl//6HZPJZDK1dQIcBVR4K0aQKgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Indian Institute of Technology Varanasi","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sonu","middleName":"","lastName":"Saran","suffix":""},{"id":313725098,"identity":"1177355b-ccd6-490f-bc2e-408fa2be5673","order_by":1,"name":"Prudhvi Raju Gadepaka","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Indian Institute of Technology Varanasi","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Prudhvi","middleName":"Raju","lastName":"Gadepaka","suffix":""},{"id":313725099,"identity":"b013efec-d922-4e6f-8c9e-901b67d7aead","order_by":2,"name":"Ashok Jaiswal","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Indian Institute of Technology Varanasi","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ashok","middleName":"","lastName":"Jaiswal","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-06-02 07:08:31","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4515962/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4515962/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":60013708,"identity":"b370c950-6c0f-4714-8c14-5310c157c8f4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-07-10 14:00:17","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1419724,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"1Paper3.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4515962/v1_covered_d4fe9202-ca6c-4ed8-891e-c035343fc6ff.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Estimation of Hoek-Brown Strength Parameters from Time-Dependent Geotechnical Classification as Coal Roof Index (CRI) using Critical Plastic Strain Technique","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Hoek-Brown Strength Parameter, CRI Classification, Stand-up Time, Numerical Method, Plastic Strain, Rock Load","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4515962/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4515962/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe roof fall or side fall is the most common type of rock failure observed particularly in underground coal mines. The numerical Method is one of the most advanced tools for the prediction of roof rock behaviour. The appropriate failure criteria play an important role in Numerical modelling. In this study, author has adopted Hoek-brown failure criteria for coal galleries using in numerical modelling. Numerical approaches take into account data from various 35 stable and failed cases of Indian coal mines. The Coal Roof Index (CRI) classification is a prime input parameter. The author first derived the range of \u0026lsquo;s\u0026rsquo; parameter from the short-term stable cases (stand-up time\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;90 days) and then the range of \u0026lsquo;m\u0026rsquo; parameter value was refined by long term stable cases (stand-up time\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;365 days). The final function of the strength parameter has been pr\u0026eacute;cised by consideration of all 35 cases. It has taken each of four different functions from the range of \u0026lsquo;m\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;s\u0026rsquo;, and \u0026lsquo;a\u0026rsquo; parameter. Sixty-four function combinations of strength parameters have been simulated and the plastic strain value was obtained. These sixty-four combinations have been carried out based on the feedback mechanism after every combination to optimize the result and change the condition. The best-fitted curve has been established through the back analysis. It has been proposing an exponential relationship with CRI classification to estimate the Hoek-Brown strength parameters m, s, and a. The rock load height (RLH) was also observed through numerical modelling and a relationship was proposed between CRI and rock load height. The correlation coefficient for RLH vs CRI is quite impressive with R\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e value of 0.84. The rock load is measured by multiplication of roof rock density and RLH. Thus, an appropriate support resistance can be calculated. The validation has been done by considering 5 Indian coal mine cases among which 2 are stable cases and 3 are unstable cases.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Estimation of Hoek-Brown Strength Parameters from Time-Dependent Geotechnical Classification as Coal Roof Index (CRI) using Critical Plastic Strain Technique","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-06-18 04:43:38","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4515962/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"fd7910e9-706e-41e5-8650-c660fb9a1efa","owner":[],"postedDate":"June 18th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-07-10T13:52:09+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-06-18 04:43:38","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4515962","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4515962","identity":"rs-4515962","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}