PSA-targeted Alpha-, Beta- and Positron Emitting Immuno-Theranostics in Murine Prostate Cancer Models and Non-Human Primates

ABSTRACT Purpose Most prostate cancer (PCa) patients treated with androgen receptor (AR)-signaling inhibitors develop therapeutic resistance due to restoration of AR-functionality. Thus, there is a critical need for novel treatment approaches. Here we investigate the theranostic potential of hu5A10, a humanized monoclonal antibody specifically targeting free prostate-specific antigen ( KLK3 ). Experimental Design LNCaP-AR xenografts (NSG mice) and KLK3 _Hi- Myc transgenic mice were imaged with 89 Zr- or treated with 90 Y- or 225 Ac-labeled hu5A10; biodistribution and subcellular localization were analyzed by gamma-counting, positron emission tomography (PET), autoradiography and microscopy. Therapeutic efficacy of [ 225 Ac]hu5A10 and [ 90 Y]hu5A10 in LNCaP-AR tumors was assessed by tumor volume measurements, time to nadir (TTN), time to progression (TTP), and survival. Pharmacokinetics of [ 89 Zr]hu5A10 in non-human primates (NHP) were determined using PET. Results Biodistribution of radiolabeled hu5A10-constructs was comparable in different mouse models. Specific tumor uptake increased over time and correlated with PSA expression. Treatment with [ 90 Y]/[ 225 Ac]hu5A10 effectively reduced tumor burden and prolonged survival (p≤0.0054). Effects of [ 90 Y]hu5A10 were more immediate than [ 225 Ac]hu5A10 (TTN, p<0.0001) but less sustained (TTP, p<0.0001). Complete responses were observed in 7/18 [ 225 Ac]hu5A10 and 1/9 mice [ 90 Y]hu5A10. Pharmacokinetics of [ 89 Zr]hu5A10 were consistent between NHPs and comparable to those in mice. [ 89 Zr]hu5A10-PET visualized the NHP-prostate over the 2-week observation period. Conclusions We present a complete preclinical evaluation of radiolabeled hu5A10 in mouse PCa models and NHPs, and establish hu5A10 as a new theranostic agent that allows highly specific and effective downstream targeting of AR in PSA-expressing tissue. Our data support the clinical translation of radiolabeled hu5A10 for treating PCa.