Mortality Predictors of Patients Receiving Care in a Geriatric Home Care Unit, During a Six Months Follow-up After the Intervention

Mortality Predictors of Patients Receiving Care in a Geriatric Home Care Unit, During a Six Months Follow-up After the Intervention | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Mortality Predictors of Patients Receiving Care in a Geriatric Home Care Unit, During a Six Months Follow-up After the Intervention Blanca Garmendia Prieto, Francisco Sánchez del Corral Usaola, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4817119/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Purpose: To describe the characteristics of patients attended by a Home Geriatric Care Unit (HGCU) and the predictors of mortality during the intervention and after 6 months of follow-up. Methods: This prospective observational study included patients attended by the HGCU of the Hospital Universitario Central de la Cruz Roja (from June 1 to December 31, 2021) with a 6-month follow-up. Sociodemographic, clinical, functional, and cognitive variables were recorded, together with the waiting times until the first visit, length of stay, number of new diagnoses, additional tests, origin, and the number of medical and nursing visits. Mortality and its predictors were assessed. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were performed, along with Kaplan-Meier curves (95%CI; p<0.05). Results: 241 patients were included (89.4±6.1 years; 72.6% women). There was high co-morbidity (38.9% Charlson Index≥3), frailty (Clinical Frailty Scale-CFS≥5: 97.9%), polypharmacy (average number of medications was 12.1±4.6), Barthel Index (BI) mean 39.9±27.3, with 60.1% having dementia and 70.1% Nutritional risk (CONtrolling NUTritional Status-CONUT>1). Anemia was found in 43% and renal function impairment (glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/m 2 ) in 90.4%. The average length of participation in the program was 17.4±17.9 days, with 2.9±2.7 medical visits and 2.7±2.7 nursing visits. New diagnoses were established in 83.8% of patients. Mortality was 5.4% (13 patients) during the intervention and 22.8% at 6 month. Predictive variables of mortality in multivariate analysis included worse functional and cognitive status at discharge, poorer nutritional status and renal function, higher number of medical and nursing visits, and new diagnoses establishment. Conclusion: The HGCU program cares for older patients with high co-morbidity and care needs, complementing the role of Primary Care. Factors such as functional, cognitive and nutritional status, renal function, and the number of medical and nursing visits are predictors of mortality at 6 months. geriatric home care primary care older patient aging mortality care models Figures Figure 1 Key Summary Points Aims : To describe the characteristics of patients receiving care in a Geriatric Home Care Unit and the predictors of mortality during the intervention and after 6 months of follow-up. Findings: - Older people receiving care at home develop gradually greater complexity and multiple pathologies as well as need for care. Their average age, functional and cognitive deterioration, social frailty, the number of geriatric syndromes and polypharmacy increase. - A worse functional and cognitive status upon discharge from the Unit, a worse glomerular filtration rate, a greater number of medical visits and newly established diagnoses, are independent predictors of early mortality 6 months after the intervention. Message: Geriatric Home Care is an effective measure, complementary to Primary Care, for the care of an increasingly complex patient profile, with a need for care and risk of complications, hospitalization and death. Community strategies are necessary to provide them with the best care and quality of life. Introduction Chronic diseases are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in Western countries and their impact on the health status of individuals justifies that they are considered the main challenges of current health policies and Healthcare Systems. Progressive aging is defining a change in the health paradigm, with an increasingly vulnerable population and, consequently, with a greater need for continuous care and consumption of resources. Given this new perspective, there is a need to implement strategies and interventions that prioritize Home Care and facilitate transitions amongst Care Levels, to keep older people (OP) in their environment for as long as possible and in the best possible conditions, preventing and/or delaying complications, hospitalizations and institutionalization, and promoting quality of life. In recent years, studies involving OP living in the community have attempted to find predictors of morbidity and mortality, functional impairment, institutionalization and consumption of health and social resources [ 1 – 6 ]. These data would allow us to identify a subgroup of high-risk patients susceptible to rigorous socio-health, where specific care, curative and/or preventive measures could be established. The objective of the study was to describe the characteristics of patients treated in an Home Geriatric Care Unit (HGCU) and the predictors of mortality during the home intervention and 6 months later. Material And Methods A prospective observational study was carried out involving patients treated in the HGCU Unit of the Hospital Universitario Central de la Cruz Roja “San José y Santa Adela” between June 1 to December 31, 2021, with a 6-month follow-up. The Unit included two multidisciplinary teams, each with a Geriatrician, a Nursing professional and a driver, with two vehicles for travel and administrative and Social Work support from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m. Data were collected from electronic medical record following a home evaluation. Sociodemographic and clinical variables (polypharmacy, co-morbidity measured by the Charlson Index [ 7 ]), geriatric syndromes (GS), frailty (using the Clinical Frailty Scale-CFS [ 8 ]) and nutritional status (using the CONtrolling NUTritional Status (CONUT) [ 9 ] were recorded. The functional status was evaluated using the Red Cross Functional Scale (CRF) [ 10 ] together with the modified Barthel Index (BI) [ 11 ], and the cognitive status using the Red Cross Mental Scale (CRM) [ 10 ] and the Reisberg Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) [ 12 ]. In addition, the waiting times until the first visit, the duration of the intervention, the established new diagnoses, complementary tests, origin and the number of medical and nursing visits were recorded. Mortality was evaluated as outcome variable, during the home intervention and 6 months after its completion. Patients who refused to participate, did not sign a consent, did not desire Home Care, died, or were readmitted before the first visit were excluded. The qualitative variables were presented as absolute and percentage frequencies, and were analyzed with Pearson's Chi-square tests, Fisher tests or maximum likelihood correction depending on the size and categories of the variable. Quantitative variables were compared with the Student's T test for independent samples or the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test according to normality, and one-way Anova or the Kruskal-Wallis test for more than two groups. For the evaluation of factors associated with time to event, a survival analysis was carried out with COX regression. For the statistically significant variables in the univariate analysis, a multivariate study of successive forward steps (Stepwise forward), calculating the corresponding Hazard Ratio (HR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was used. The Kaplan-Meier curves were used for the qualitative variables of the final model, calculating the medians and 95%CI of each group. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v28.0 was used. The study was part of a plan for continuous improvement of the quality of HGCU, approved by the IdiPaz Healthcare Ethics Committee (PI-4642). Results During the study period, 284 patients were treated. 43 patients who received more than one intervention were excluded, resulting in a final sample of 241. During Home Care, 13 individuals died, resulting in a 6-month follow-up sample of 228 patients. The baseline and healthcare characteristics of both populations are shown in Table 1 . During the intervention, 5.4% of the patients died, showing a worse functional status during the admission to HGCU (BI:18.1 ± 24.7 vs. 31.1 ± 27; p:0.003), greater cognitive deterioration (CRM:3.2 ± 1.5 vs. 2.2 ± 1.6; p:0.034), more co-morbidities (p: 0.100) and tendency towards greater frailty (CFS: 7.2 ± 0.8 vs. 6.8 ± 0.8; p:0.056). More patients died with fecal incontinence (92.3 vs. 57.5%; p:0.013), dysphagia (76.9% vs. 46.5%; p:0.033), skin ulcers (46.2% vs. 22.8%; p:0.088) and mood disorder (100% vs. 71.5%; p:0.022). In addition, they had a longer stay in HGCU (32 vs. 12 days; p:0.036), a greater number of new diagnoses (3.4 ± 1.9 vs. 2.3 ± 1.9; p:0.034) and received more medical (4.9 ± 2.9 vs. 2.7 ± 2.7; p:0.005) and nursing (4.7 ± 2.6 vs. 2.6 ± 2.7; p:0.006) visits. Analysis showed that they had slightly lower hypoproteinemia values ​​than the survivors (6.2 ± 0.6 vs. 6.6 ± 0.6; p:0.034), more lymphopenia (900 vs. 1405; p < 0.001) and higher C Reactive Protein (29.2 vs. 9.2; p:0.022) (Table 2 ). Six months after the HGCU intervention, mortality was 22.8%, with 8.3% dying in the first month and 14.9% in the first 3 months. The main causes of death were respiratory infection (30.8%), advanced dementia (11.5%) and chronic heart failure (CHF) (9.6%). 65.3% died in the hospital, 26.9% at home, 3.8% in a residential center, and for another 2% there were no records. Table 3 shows the results of the survival analysis. The mean time to death from the completion of the HGCU intervention was 5.13 months (95% CI: 4.89/5.38) (Fig. 1). In the multivariate analysis, a worse functional and cognitive status after the Unit intervention, worse renal function, more medical visits and more number of new diagnoses were independent predictors of the time to death at 6 months (Table 3 and Fig. 1). A Kaplan-Meier analysis was carried out with the groups of the qualitative variables with CFS cut-offs at 7, BI at admission and discharge in 3 groups, and also with CRM, renal function and number of medical visits, statistically significant variables in the COX models. Discussion Geriatric Home Care is a growing care model due to the population aging and the characteristics of their diseases, which require adequate organization of Healthcare Systems. This study describes the activity of an HGCU, the characteristics of its patients and the mortality results during Home Care and after 6 months of follow-up. Treated patients presented increasing vulnerability and complexity, following the trend shown in a previous study conducted by our group [ 13 ] (increase in age, high prevalence of GS, co-morbidity, frailty, polypharmacy, significant functional deterioration, dementia and social problems). Consequently, they presented a high risk of death. In our study it was 5.4% during Home Care and 22.8% 6 months after completing the HGCU intervention, with predictive variables such as functional and cognitive status at discharge, renal function, medical visits and the number of newly established diagnoses. Our findings, in general, agree with the results obtained by other authors after 6 months of Home Care (15%) [ 14 ], and are lower than those recorded in similar national Units, where at 18 [ 15 ] and 20 months [ 16 ] of follow-up, 38.8% and 33.8% died respectively. In the cohort of González Montalvo et al. [ 15 ], unlike our study, no differences in mortality were observed with functional deterioration or the number of new diagnoses, age or the number of drugs. In a Primary Care (PC) work by Gené Badia et al. [ 17 ], which evaluated mortality factors in 1001 housebound dependent OP, 28.9% died after one year of follow-up. The risk was increased in those with more co-morbidities, more previous admissions and the degree of decubitus ulcers. The deceased received more informal care and their caregivers sustained greater burden. In accordance with our study and that of Serra Rexach et al. [ 16 ], the survivors had a better functional status (measured using the BI in our study, and with the Katz index and CRF in the Serra’s one) and cognitive status (Pfeiffer test). However, we did not find a statistically significant difference related to the social situation. In the present study, co-morbidity was not associated with an increased risk of death. Some studies maintain that it is the combination of specific pathologies that explains this risk [ 23 ]. In our work we used the Charlson Index, which identifies co-morbidity but does not specify its severity or the need for the associated health and/or social assistance [ 24 , 25 ]. In a study by Abizanda et al. regarding predictors of mortality of OP at home [ 26 ], variables similar to the present work were collected. At 2 years, mortality was 10.6%, much lower than ours, even with a longer follow-up period. This was probably related to the different patient profile. Our patients were older, with greater dependency, cognitive impairment and polypharmacy. In their data, mortality was higher in those with dependency for any basic activities of daily life (ADL) (Oddsx Ratio (OR): 15.6; 95% CI: 1.5–15) and with cognitive impairment (without specifying stage) (OR: 15.9; 95% CI: 2.2-114.4), which is similar to those recorded in our analysis. Along these lines, in the study by Regal-Ramos et al. [ 27 ], although with a longer follow-up (almost 6 years), a 45% death rate of the 140 evaluated patients was recorded. Cognitive impairment (measured by the Mini Mental State Examination-35) was also a prognostic factor for mortality, together with male sex, the Katz index and the Lawton Index. In relation to the functional status, a lower degree of autonomy was associated with higher mortality in the work of Landi et al. as well [ 28 ]. In 15% of deaths in their cohort at 6 months of follow-up a cognitive deterioration was also reported. In the study by Serra Rexach et al. [ 16 ], those whose physical disability upon admission to HGCU was 4 or 5 as per CRF, had a relative risk of dying 1.73 times higher than those with a lesser physical disability, and the ones with a Katz F or G, 2 times higher than those with the best scores. Although it is known that poor functional status is associated with malnutrition, which affects negatively the vital prognosis [ 29 ], and that chronic kidney disease has a higher risk of cardiovascular events and death [ 30 ], we have not found works where these variables are analyzed in home populations. Most of the studies involve hospitalized patients. We have also not found studies that specifically address the relationship between medical visits and the number of newly established diagnoses as predictors of mortality (and as predictors of hospitalization) despite the clinical and healthcare importance that both variables imply. In recent decades it has been confirmed that, although a large proportion of deaths in developed countries occur in hospitals, the majority of the patients prefer to die at home [ 31 – 32 ]. In 2006 Ramón I et al. [ 33 ] carried out a survey interviewing caregivers of deceased people, who confirmed that 35% of the patients had wished that the death had occurred at home. Other investigations [ 34 – 35 ] have analyzed the location of deaths, the influence of demographic and pathological factors and their evolution in recent decades, and observed a progressive growth in the percentage of deaths in hospitals until approximately 10 years ago. Since then, this trend has slowed down and/or even reversed, pointing out as possible causes the economic crisis and the development of home care (as in the case of our Unit). In a study by Gené Badia et al. [ 36 ], after one year of follow-up, in a cohort of 1093 home cared patients, 155 (14.2%) died; 57.4% of them in the hospital and 42.6% at home. These data contrast with our results, in which 65% of those who died after 6 months of follow-up did so in the hospital and 26.9% at home (with HGCU support in 7.7% of them). The main mortality causes included infections (mainly respiratory), advanced dementia and CHF. We did not have the possibility to compare these data with the ones from other studies, as most studies did not record the causes of mortality. Regarding mortality during the home intervention, in the HGCU of Lanzarote [ 37 ], 25% died; In another article by Gené Badia et al. [ 36 ] 43% died, and in the work of Pérez Martín et al. [ 38 ], 58% of patients with advanced cardiorespiratory pathology passed away. In our analysis, the results were much lower than those reported previously (5.4% died), probably due to the differences in the average stay (much lower, 17 days on average) and the patient profiles variability in the different studies. All died at home with adequate end-of-life palliative care. These data were similar to those from previous studies by the same Unit [ 39 ]. Furthermore, in our work, unlike those mentioned, we evaluated the factors associated with this mortality (only in the univariate analysis, without proceeding to the multivariate analysis due to the small sample size). We observed that those patients with a longer stay in the Unit, more newly established diagnoses, greater number of medical and nursing visits, worse functional and cognitive status upon admission, the presence of some GS (such as dysphagia or mood disorder) and analytical alterations, were associated with a greater risk of death. It is evident that functional status is an important determinant in OP, indicating that, independently of morbidity, is a predictor of medium-term mortality in OP who live in the community. The repeated results of the studies confirm that this finding is not accidental and that, therefore, action must be taken to delay the appearance of the disability as much as possible, or address it rigorously given the frailty and the risks it entails. To this end, the activity of PC, as a promoter of healthy aging and early detection and intervention, is essential. Also, in the literature there is agreement regarding the impact of cognitive impairment on OP mortality in the short-medium term. At this point, there may be greater controversy when interpreting the results, since different instruments and/or cut-off points are used for evaluation and the educational level or degree of severity of the deterioration is not always recorded. In summary, the profile of patients treated in HGCU is increasingly complex, with more advanced age marked co-morbidity and need for care, which entails a greater risk of complications, hospitalization and death [ 40 , 41 ]. For this reason, and in order to avoid these consequences, the HGCU is an effective level of care that complements the work of PC, being able to reduce health expenses, relieving emergencies and consultations, facilitating early hospital discharges and maintaining at home those chronic and/or terminal patients, with an adequate medical, nursing and Social Support Care, who, otherwise, would have required hospitalization for their care. Current findings indicate a high mortality at 6 months of follow-up, highlighting not only the importance of their predictive factors, that ought to be taken into account in routine practice, but the need to implement strategies that address them in order to provide the best care and quality of life as well. It is necessary to address these needs by implementing more devices in the community and carrying out more studies from the healthcare, economic and social point of view, which will allow us to understand the details of the current problems and organize resources. Declarations Conflict of Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Competing Interests and Funding : The authors declare that the project was carried out using part of the extraordinary initiative fund of the XIII Call for Grants for Research Groups, UAX-Santander fund, of the Alfonso X el Sabio University. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS : To the entire multidisciplinary Geriatric Home Care team of the Hospital Universitario Central de la Cruz Roja “San José y Santa Adela”. References Roos NP, Roos LL, Mossey J, Havens B (1988) Using administrative data to predict important health outcomes: entry to hospital, nursing home and death. 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Med (Madr) 50:3235–3239 Tables Table 1 Characteristics of the sample Initial Population HGCU N: 241 Population 6-month follow-up N: 228 Age (years) 89.4 ± 6.1 89.2 ± 6.1 Sex (% females) 174 (72.6) 165 (72.4) Residency Status Alone Spouse Family Private carer 24 (10) 45 (18.7) 116 (48.1) 56 (23.2) 24 (10.5) 44 (19.3) 109 (47.8) 51 (22.4) ≥ 2 Geriatric Syndromes 231 (95.9) 219 (96.1) Charlson Index ≥ 3 96 (38.9) 88 (38.6) Frailty (CFS) 1–4 5–6 7–9 5 (2.1) 49 (20.3) 187 (77.6) 5 (2.2) 48 (21.1) 175 (76.8) Nº Medications 12.1 ± 4.6 12 ± 4.6 Barthel Index 39.9 ± 27.3 41.1 ± 27 CRF admission 0–2 3 4–5 19 (7.9) 85 (35.3) 137 (56.8) 18 (7.9) 83 (36.4) 127 (55.7) CRM admission 0–1 2–3 4–5 93 (38.6) 86 (35.7) 62 (25.7) 91 (39.9) 80 (35.1) 57 (25) Duration of Intervention (days) 17.4 ± 17.9 16.8 ± 17.8 Waiting time 1st visit (days) 6.1 ± 8 6.1 ± 8 Medical visits 2.9 ± 2.7 2.7 ± 2.7 Nursing visits 2.7 ± 2.7 2.6 ± 2.7 New diagnoses 202 (83.8) 190 (83.3) Origin : Primary Care Geriatric Units Others 148 (61.4) 84 (34.8) 9 (3.7) 135 (59.2) 117 (36.8) 9 (3.9) Serum Albumin (g/dL) − 219 ≥ 3.5 3-3.49 < 3 125 (53.9) 74 (31.9) 33 (14.2) 119 (54.3) 70 (32) 30 (13.7) CONUT − 214 Without risk (0–1) Mild malnutrition (2–4) Moderate malnutrition (5–8) Sever malnutrition (9–12) 68 (30) 93 (41) 58 (25.6) 8 (3.5) 67 (31.3) 88 (41.1) 52 (24.3) 7 (3.3) Hemoglobin (g/dL) 60 59 − 30 < 30 23 (9.6) 194 (80.8) 23 (9.6) 23 (10.1) 181 (79.7) 23 (10.1) Quantitative variables are expressed as mean ± SD if they fit the normal distribution. Qualitative variables in absolute value and percentage: n (%).GHCU: Geriatric Home Care Unit; CFS: Clinical Frailty Scale; BI: Barthel index; CRF: Red Cross Functional Scale; CRM: Red Cross Mental Scale; CONUT: CONtrolling NUTritional Status; MDRD: Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study; A: Survival to death; B: Survival to death according to the Barthel Index at discharge from the hospital from the HGCU; C: Survival to death according to the Mental Red Cross scale upon discharge; D: Survival to death according to Glomerular Filtration; E: Survival to death according to the number of medical visits; F: Survival to death according to the number of new diagnoses. CRM: Red Cross Mental Scale. Table 2 Univariate analysis of mortality during home monitoring MORTALITY OF PATIENTS DURING THE HOME INTERVENTION N: 241 SURVIVORS N: 228 DECEASED N: 13 p Age (years) 89.2 ± 6.6 92.1 ± 6.1 0.101 Sex (% females) 165 (72.4) 10 (76.9) 0.969 Charlson Index (≥ 3) 88 (38.6) 8 (61.5) 0.100 Frailty (CFS) 1–4 5–6 7–9 5 (2.2) 48 (21.1) 175 (76.8) 0 1 (7.7) 12 (92.3) 0.314 Urinary incontinence (yes) 200 (87.7) 13 (100) 0.373 Fecal incontinence (yes) 131 (57.5) 12 (92.3) 0.013 Dysphagia (yes) 106 (46.5) 10 (76.9) 0.033 Pain (yes) 148 (64.9) 6 (46.2) 0.234 Auditory or visual deficiency (yes) 189 (82.9) 12 (92.3) 0.701 Decubitus ulcers (yes) 52 (22.8) 6 (46.2) 0.088 Insomnia (yes) 168(73.7) 12 (92.3) 0.194 Cargiver overload (yes) 142 (62.3) 8 (61.5) 0.999 Depressive disorder (DSM-V) (yes) 163 (71.5) 13 (100) 0.022 Nº of Medications admission 12.0 ± 4.6 12.6 ± 5.0 0.652 Nº of Medication discharge 11.1 ± 4.4 5.5 ± 4.8 < 0.001 CRF admission 0–2 3 4–5 18 (7.9) 83 (36.4) 127 (55.7) 1 (7.7) 2 (15.4) 10 (77) 0.041 Barthel Index admission 41.1 ± 27.0 18.1 ± 24.7 0.003 CRM admission 0–1 2–3 4–5 91 (39.9) 80 (35.1) 57 (25) 2 (15.4) 6 (46.2) 5 (38.5) 0.133 Waiting time 1st visit (days) 6.1 ± 8 6.2 ± 8.4 0.733 Length of stay (days) 12 (4/25) 32 (7/41) 0.036 New diagnoses 2.3 ± 1.9 3.4 ± 1.9 0.034 Medical visits 2.7 ± 2.7 4.9 ± 2.9 0.005 Nursing visits 2.6 ± 2.7 4.7 ± 2.6 0.006 Nº complimentary tests Complimentary tests (yes) 1.3 ± 1.6 152 (66.7) 1.5 ± 1.7 10 (76.9) 0.634 0.554 Albumin (g/dL) 3.6 ± 0.5 3.4 ± 0.5 0.221 Proteins (g/dL) 6.6 ± 0.6 6.2 ± 0.6 0.037 Hemoglobin (g/dL) 12.3 ± 2.1 11.6 ± 1.7 0.229 Hematocrit (%) 37.9 ± 5.9 34.5 ± 5.8 0.043 Lymphocytes (µL) 1405 (1052/1915) 900 (730/1330) < 0.001 MDRD (mL/min) 52.2 ± 15.4 53.4 ± 9.5 0.783 Cholesterol (mg/mL) 169.1 ± 44.3 164.5 ± 46.2 0.719 Sodium (mmol/L) 138.5 ± 4.1 135.2 ± 4.3 0.005 Ferritin (ng/mL) 88 (38/163) 124 (49/422) 0.099 CRP (mg/L) 9.2 (5.0/22.6) 29.2 (9.9/57.8) 0.022 Origin Primary Care Acute Geriatrics Unit Other Geriatrics Units Other 135 (59.2) 41 (18.0) 43 (18.9) 9 (3.9) 13 (100) 0 0 0 0.004 Quantitative variables are expressed as mean ± SD if they fit the normal distribution. Qualitative variables in absolute value and percentage: n (%). CFS: Clinical Frailty Scale; DSM−V: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; CRF: Red Cross Functional Scale; CRM: Red Cross Mental Scale; MDRD: Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study; CRP: C−Reactive Protein Table 3 Cox analysis (survival) of predictors of mortality 6 months after the Geriatric Home Care Unit intervention. Univariate Multivariate N HR (CI 95%) P HR (CI 95%) P Age (years) 228 1.035 (0.987/1.086) 0.158 - - Sex (male vs female) 228 1.042 (0.564/1.923) 0.896 - - Charlson Index 228 1.134 (1.005/1.280) 0.042 - Frailty (CFS) 228 1.482 (0.988/2.223) 0.057 0.467 (0.280/0.781) 0.004 Nº Medications 228 1.057 (0.999/1.118) 0.053 - - Red Cross Physical Scale 228 1.733 (1.255/2.393) 0.001 - - Barthel Index 228 0.976 (0.966/0.987) < 0.001 0.860 (0.817/0.904) < 0.001 Red Cross Mental Scale 0–1 2–3 4–5 228 0.468 (0.225/0.973) 1.051 (0.555/1.990) 1 0.048 0.042 0.878 - 1 2.256 (0.875/8.815) 2.551 (1.212/5.368) 0.047 - 0.092 0.014 Serum Albumin (g/dL) 219 0.476 (0.288/0.787) 0.004 - - CONUT 214 1.197 (1.085/1.321) < 0.001 - - Proteins (g/dL) 227 0.603 (0.392/0.928) 0.021 - - Hemoglobin (g/dL) 228 0.927 (0.817/1.051) 0.235 - - MDRD (mL/min) 227 0.976 (0.960/0.993) 0.007 0.969 (0.950/0.988) 0.002 Cholesterol (mg/dL) 228 0.993 (0.986/0.999) 0.039 - - Origin Primary Care Acute Geriatrics Unit Others 228 1 0.579 (0.243/1.382) 1.106 (0.559/2.189) 0.612 - 0.218 0.772 0.891 - - Length of stay (days) 228 1.015 (1.003/1.027) 0.011 0.972 (0.949/0.996) 0.022 Medical visits 228 1.170 (1.100/1.245) < 0.001 1.309 (1.137/1.508) < 0.001 Nursing visits 228 1.148 (1.081/1.218) < 0.001 - - New diagnosis 228 1.252 (1.103/1.421) 0.001 1.268 (1.087/1.479) 0.002 HR: Hazard Ratio; CI: Confidence Interval; CRF: Red Cross Functional Scale; CRM: Red Cross Mental Scale; CONUT: CONtrolling NUTritional Status; MDRD: Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study . 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4817119","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":336638969,"identity":"254613a3-35c0-4e01-8625-0a3befa54054","order_by":0,"name":"Blanca Garmendia Prieto","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABCklEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACA3ZkHo8BgxyIPvAAnxZmNC3GYC0JxGthYEhsADHwaTFnZn724EdNrbz5tMPHHrwpsEufH3b4IdAWOzndBuxaLJvZzA17jh03nHM7Ld1wjkFy7sbbaQZALcnGZgdwOOwwg5k0A9sxxhnSOWbSPAbMuRtnJ4C0HEjchlML+zdphn/H7GdI538DaqlPN5yd/oGAFh4zaca2mkSgLWxALYcT5KVz8Nti2cxTJtnbdyB5hnSameQcg+OGG6RzCg4kGOD2izl7+zaJH9/qbGdIJz+TePOnWl5+dvrmDx8q7ORwaYGCw0hOBas0wKscBOoQTPkGgqpHwSgYBaNghAEALS1dRHqKcmsAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9111-2996","institution":"Hospital Central de La Cruz Roja San Jose y Santa Adela","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Blanca","middleName":"Garmendia","lastName":"Prieto","suffix":""},{"id":336638970,"identity":"4f1b2e33-d6ca-40ce-8223-309f56533ade","order_by":1,"name":"Francisco Sánchez del Corral Usaola","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja: Hospital Central de La Cruz Roja San Jose y Santa Adela","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Francisco","middleName":"Sánchez del Corral","lastName":"Usaola","suffix":""},{"id":336638971,"identity":"274a1971-759f-4892-bfca-73510a5c3dc9","order_by":2,"name":"Juan José Baztán Cortés","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja: Hospital Central de La Cruz Roja San Jose y Santa Adela","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Juan","middleName":"José Baztán","lastName":"Cortés","suffix":""},{"id":336638972,"identity":"d4b20da7-b956-44b7-8ac8-e6a57222d382","order_by":3,"name":"Francisco Javier Gómez Pavón","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja: Hospital Central de La Cruz Roja San Jose y Santa Adela","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Francisco","middleName":"Javier Gómez","lastName":"Pavón","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-07-28 14:34:07","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4817119/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4817119/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":64386494,"identity":"72075a0f-1f3d-4f14-a417-202b97719847","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-09-12 12:37:00","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":500496,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSurvival to death and predictive variables\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eA: Survival to death; B: Survival to death according to the Barthel Index at discharge from the hospital from the HGCU; C: Survival to death according to the Mental Red Cross scale upon discharge; D: Survival to death according to Glomerular Filtration; E: Survival to death according to the number of medical visits; F: Survival to death according to the number of new diagnoses. CRM: Red Cross Mental Scale.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4817119/v1/c7d09deb2b78c27bf08c169b.png"},{"id":64388362,"identity":"a2bdcfdd-b22d-4036-82fb-645d9d72326b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-09-12 12:53:03","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1687284,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4817119/v1/5555b4ae-2337-4947-8dd2-cae47039a502.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eMortality Predictors of Patients Receiving Care in a Geriatric Home Care Unit, During a Six Months Follow-up After the Intervention\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"Key Summary Points","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAims\u003c/strong\u003e: To describe the characteristics of patients receiving care in a Geriatric Home Care Unit and the predictors of mortality during the intervention and after 6 months of follow-up.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFindings:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e-\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eOlder people receiving care at home develop gradually greater complexity and multiple pathologies as well as need for care. Their average age, functional and cognitive deterioration, social frailty, the number of geriatric syndromes and polypharmacy increase.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e- A worse functional and cognitive status upon discharge from the Unit, a worse glomerular filtration rate, a greater number of medical visits and newly established diagnoses, are independent predictors of early mortality 6 months after the intervention.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMessage:\u003c/strong\u003e Geriatric Home Care is an effective measure, complementary to Primary Care, for the care of an increasingly complex patient profile, with a need for care and risk of complications, hospitalization and death. Community strategies are necessary to provide them with the best care and quality of life.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eChronic diseases are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in Western countries and their impact on the health status of individuals justifies that they are considered the main challenges of current health policies and Healthcare Systems. Progressive aging is defining a change in the health paradigm, with an increasingly vulnerable population and, consequently, with a greater need for continuous care and consumption of resources. Given this new perspective, there is a need to implement strategies and interventions that prioritize Home Care and facilitate transitions amongst Care Levels, to keep older people (OP) in their environment for as long as possible and in the best possible conditions, preventing and/or delaying complications, hospitalizations and institutionalization, and promoting quality of life.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn recent years, studies involving OP living in the community have attempted to find predictors of morbidity and mortality, functional impairment, institutionalization and consumption of health and social resources [\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR2 CR3 CR4 CR5\" citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]. These data would allow us to identify a subgroup of high-risk patients susceptible to rigorous socio-health, where specific care, curative and/or preventive measures could be established.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe objective of the study was to describe the characteristics of patients treated in an Home Geriatric Care Unit (HGCU) and the predictors of mortality during the home intervention and 6 months later.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Material And Methods","content":"\u003cp\u003eA prospective observational study was carried out involving patients treated in the HGCU Unit of the Hospital Universitario Central de la Cruz Roja \u0026ldquo;San Jos\u0026eacute; y Santa Adela\u0026rdquo; between June 1 to December 31, 2021, with a 6-month follow-up. The Unit included two multidisciplinary teams, each with a Geriatrician, a Nursing professional and a driver, with two vehicles for travel and administrative and Social Work support from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eData were collected from electronic medical record following a home evaluation. Sociodemographic and clinical variables (polypharmacy, co-morbidity measured by the Charlson Index [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e]), geriatric syndromes (GS), frailty (using the Clinical Frailty Scale-CFS [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e]) and nutritional status (using the CONtrolling NUTritional Status (CONUT) [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e] were recorded. The functional status was evaluated using the Red Cross Functional Scale (CRF) [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e] together with the modified Barthel Index (BI) [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e], and the cognitive status using the Red Cross Mental Scale (CRM) [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e] and the Reisberg Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e]. In addition, the waiting times until the first visit, the duration of the intervention, the established new diagnoses, complementary tests, origin and the number of medical and nursing visits were recorded. Mortality was evaluated as outcome variable, during the home intervention and 6 months after its completion. Patients who refused to participate, did not sign a consent, did not desire Home Care, died, or were readmitted before the first visit were excluded.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe qualitative variables were presented as absolute and percentage frequencies, and were analyzed with Pearson's Chi-square tests, Fisher tests or maximum likelihood correction depending on the size and categories of the variable. Quantitative variables were compared with the Student's T test for independent samples or the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test according to normality, and one-way Anova or the Kruskal-Wallis test for more than two groups. For the evaluation of factors associated with time to event, a survival analysis was carried out with COX regression. For the statistically significant variables in the univariate analysis, a multivariate study of successive forward steps (Stepwise forward), calculating the corresponding Hazard Ratio (HR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was used. The Kaplan-Meier curves were used for the qualitative variables of the final model, calculating the medians and 95%CI of each group. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v28.0 was used. The study was part of a plan for continuous improvement of the quality of HGCU, approved by the IdiPaz Healthcare Ethics Committee (PI-4642).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp\u003eDuring the study period, 284 patients were treated. 43 patients who received more than one intervention were excluded, resulting in a final sample of 241. During Home Care, 13 individuals died, resulting in a 6-month follow-up sample of 228 patients. The baseline and healthcare characteristics of both populations are shown in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDuring the intervention, 5.4% of the patients died, showing a worse functional status during the admission to HGCU (BI:18.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;24.7 vs. 31.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;27; p:0.003), greater cognitive deterioration (CRM:3.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.5 vs. 2.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.6; p:0.034), more co-morbidities (p: 0.100) and tendency towards greater frailty (CFS: 7.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.8 vs. 6.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.8; p:0.056). More patients died with fecal incontinence (92.3 vs. 57.5%; p:0.013), dysphagia (76.9% vs. 46.5%; p:0.033), skin ulcers (46.2% vs. 22.8%; p:0.088) and mood disorder (100% vs. 71.5%; p:0.022). In addition, they had a longer stay in HGCU (32 vs. 12 days; p:0.036), a greater number of new diagnoses (3.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.9 vs. 2.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.9; p:0.034) and received more medical (4.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.9 vs. 2.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.7; p:0.005) and nursing (4.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.6 vs. 2.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.7; p:0.006) visits. Analysis showed that they had slightly lower hypoproteinemia values ​​than the survivors (6.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.6 vs. 6.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.6; p:0.034), more lymphopenia (900 vs. 1405; p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001) and higher C Reactive Protein (29.2 vs. 9.2; p:0.022) (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSix months after the HGCU intervention, mortality was 22.8%, with 8.3% dying in the first month and 14.9% in the first 3 months. The main causes of death were respiratory infection (30.8%), advanced dementia (11.5%) and chronic heart failure (CHF) (9.6%). 65.3% died in the hospital, 26.9% at home, 3.8% in a residential center, and for another 2% there were no records.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e shows the results of the survival analysis. The mean time to death from the completion of the HGCU intervention was 5.13 months (95% CI: 4.89/5.38) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;1). In the multivariate analysis, a worse functional and cognitive status after the Unit intervention, worse renal function, more medical visits and more number of new diagnoses were independent predictors of the time to death at 6 months (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e and Fig.\u0026nbsp;1).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Kaplan-Meier analysis was carried out with the groups of the qualitative variables with CFS cut-offs at 7, BI at admission and discharge in 3 groups, and also with CRM, renal function and number of medical visits, statistically significant variables in the COX models.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eGeriatric Home Care is a growing care model due to the population aging and the characteristics of their diseases, which require adequate organization of Healthcare Systems. This study describes the activity of an HGCU, the characteristics of its patients and the mortality results during Home Care and after 6 months of follow-up.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreated patients presented increasing vulnerability and complexity, following the trend shown in a previous study conducted by our group [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e] (increase in age, high prevalence of GS, co-morbidity, frailty, polypharmacy, significant functional deterioration, dementia and social problems). Consequently, they presented a high risk of death. In our study it was 5.4% during Home Care and 22.8% 6 months after completing the HGCU intervention, with predictive variables such as functional and cognitive status at discharge, renal function, medical visits and the number of newly established diagnoses. Our findings, in general, agree with the results obtained by other authors after 6 months of Home Care (15%) [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e], and are lower than those recorded in similar national Units, where at 18 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e] and 20 months [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e] of follow-up, 38.8% and 33.8% died respectively.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the cohort of Gonz\u0026aacute;lez Montalvo et al. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e], unlike our study, no differences in mortality were observed with functional deterioration or the number of new diagnoses, age or the number of drugs. In a Primary Care (PC) work by Gen\u0026eacute; Badia et al. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e], which evaluated mortality factors in 1001 housebound dependent OP, 28.9% died after one year of follow-up. The risk was increased in those with more co-morbidities, more previous admissions and the degree of decubitus ulcers. The deceased received more informal care and their caregivers sustained greater burden. In accordance with our study and that of Serra Rexach et al. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e], the survivors had a better functional status (measured using the BI in our study, and with the Katz index and CRF in the Serra\u0026rsquo;s one) and cognitive status (Pfeiffer test). However, we did not find a statistically significant difference related to the social situation. In the present study, co-morbidity was not associated with an increased risk of death. Some studies maintain that it is the combination of specific pathologies that explains this risk [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e]. In our work we used the Charlson Index, which identifies co-morbidity but does not specify its severity or the need for the associated health and/or social assistance [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn a study by Abizanda et al. regarding predictors of mortality of OP at home [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e], variables similar to the present work were collected. At 2 years, mortality was 10.6%, much lower than ours, even with a longer follow-up period. This was probably related to the different patient profile. Our patients were older, with greater dependency, cognitive impairment and polypharmacy. In their data, mortality was higher in those with dependency for any basic activities of daily life (ADL) (Oddsx Ratio (OR): 15.6; 95% CI: 1.5\u0026ndash;15) and with cognitive impairment (without specifying stage) (OR: 15.9; 95% CI: 2.2-114.4), which is similar to those recorded in our analysis. Along these lines, in the study by Regal-Ramos et al. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e], although with a longer follow-up (almost 6 years), a 45% death rate of the 140 evaluated patients was recorded. Cognitive impairment (measured by the Mini Mental State Examination-35) was also a prognostic factor for mortality, together with male sex, the Katz index and the Lawton Index. In relation to the functional status, a lower degree of autonomy was associated with higher mortality in the work of Landi et al. as well [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e]. In 15% of deaths in their cohort at 6 months of follow-up a cognitive deterioration was also reported. In the study by Serra Rexach et al. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e], those whose physical disability upon admission to HGCU was 4 or 5 as per CRF, had a relative risk of dying 1.73 times higher than those with a lesser physical disability, and the ones with a Katz F or G, 2 times higher than those with the best scores.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlthough it is known that poor functional status is associated with malnutrition, which affects negatively the vital prognosis [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e], and that chronic kidney disease has a higher risk of cardiovascular events and death [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e], we have not found works where these variables are analyzed in home populations. Most of the studies involve hospitalized patients. We have also not found studies that specifically address the relationship between medical visits and the number of newly established diagnoses as predictors of mortality (and as predictors of hospitalization) despite the clinical and healthcare importance that both variables imply.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn recent decades it has been confirmed that, although a large proportion of deaths in developed countries occur in hospitals, the majority of the patients prefer to die at home [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e31\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e32\u003c/span\u003e]. In 2006 Ram\u0026oacute;n I et al. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e33\u003c/span\u003e] carried out a survey interviewing caregivers of deceased people, who confirmed that 35% of the patients had wished that the death had occurred at home. Other investigations [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e34\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e35\u003c/span\u003e] have analyzed the location of deaths, the influence of demographic and pathological factors and their evolution in recent decades, and observed a progressive growth in the percentage of deaths in hospitals until approximately 10 years ago. Since then, this trend has slowed down and/or even reversed, pointing out as possible causes the economic crisis and the development of home care (as in the case of our Unit). In a study by Gen\u0026eacute; Badia et al. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e36\u003c/span\u003e], after one year of follow-up, in a cohort of 1093 home cared patients, 155 (14.2%) died; 57.4% of them in the hospital and 42.6% at home. These data contrast with our results, in which 65% of those who died after 6 months of follow-up did so in the hospital and 26.9% at home (with HGCU support in 7.7% of them). The main mortality causes included infections (mainly respiratory), advanced dementia and CHF. We did not have the possibility to compare these data with the ones from other studies, as most studies did not record the causes of mortality.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegarding mortality during the home intervention, in the HGCU of Lanzarote [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR37\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e37\u003c/span\u003e], 25% died; In another article by Gen\u0026eacute; Badia et al. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e36\u003c/span\u003e] 43% died, and in the work of P\u0026eacute;rez Mart\u0026iacute;n et al. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e38\u003c/span\u003e], 58% of patients with advanced cardiorespiratory pathology passed away. In our analysis, the results were much lower than those reported previously (5.4% died), probably due to the differences in the average stay (much lower, 17 days on average) and the patient profiles variability in the different studies. All died at home with adequate end-of-life palliative care. These data were similar to those from previous studies by the same Unit [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e39\u003c/span\u003e]. Furthermore, in our work, unlike those mentioned, we evaluated the factors associated with this mortality (only in the univariate analysis, without proceeding to the multivariate analysis due to the small sample size). We observed that those patients with a longer stay in the Unit, more newly established diagnoses, greater number of medical and nursing visits, worse functional and cognitive status upon admission, the presence of some GS (such as dysphagia or mood disorder) and analytical alterations, were associated with a greater risk of death.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is evident that functional status is an important determinant in OP, indicating that, independently of morbidity, is a predictor of medium-term mortality in OP who live in the community. The repeated results of the studies confirm that this finding is not accidental and that, therefore, action must be taken to delay the appearance of the disability as much as possible, or address it rigorously given the frailty and the risks it entails. To this end, the activity of PC, as a promoter of healthy aging and early detection and intervention, is essential. Also, in the literature there is agreement regarding the impact of cognitive impairment on OP mortality in the short-medium term. At this point, there may be greater controversy when interpreting the results, since different instruments and/or cut-off points are used for evaluation and the educational level or degree of severity of the deterioration is not always recorded.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn summary, the profile of patients treated in HGCU is increasingly complex, with more advanced age marked co-morbidity and need for care, which entails a greater risk of complications, hospitalization and death [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e40\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR41\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e41\u003c/span\u003e]. For this reason, and in order to avoid these consequences, the HGCU is an effective level of care that complements the work of PC, being able to reduce health expenses, relieving emergencies and consultations, facilitating early hospital discharges and maintaining at home those chronic and/or terminal patients, with an adequate medical, nursing and Social Support Care, who, otherwise, would have required hospitalization for their care. Current findings indicate a high mortality at 6 months of follow-up, highlighting not only the importance of their predictive factors, that ought to be taken into account in routine practice, but the need to implement strategies that address them in order to provide the best care and quality of life as well. It is necessary to address these needs by implementing more devices in the community and carrying out more studies from the healthcare, economic and social point of view, which will allow us to understand the details of the current problems and organize resources.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConflict of Interests:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting Interests and Funding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that the project was carried out using part of the extraordinary initiative fund of the XIII Call for Grants for Research Groups, UAX-Santander fund, of the Alfonso X el Sabio University.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eACKNOWLEDGEMENTS\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo the entire multidisciplinary Geriatric Home Care team of the Hospital Universitario Central de la Cruz Roja \u0026ldquo;San Jos\u0026eacute; y Santa Adela\u0026rdquo;.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eRoos NP, Roos LL, Mossey J, Havens B (1988) Using administrative data to predict important health outcomes: entry to hospital, nursing home and death. 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Med (Madr) 50:3235\u0026ndash;3239\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Tables","content":"\u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCharacteristics of the sample\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"3\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e Initial Population HGCU\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eN: 241\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePopulation 6-month follow-up\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eN: 228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAge\u003c/b\u003e (years)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;6.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;6.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSex\u003c/b\u003e (% females)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e174 (72.6)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e165 (72.4)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eResidency Status\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlone\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpouse\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFamily\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrivate carer\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24 (10)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e45 (18.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e116 (48.1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e56 (23.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24 (10.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e44 (19.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e109 (47.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e51 (22.4)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;2 Geriatric Syndromes\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e231 (95.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e219 (96.1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCharlson Index\u0026thinsp;\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;3\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e96 (38.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88 (38.6)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFrailty (CFS)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u0026ndash;4\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u0026ndash;6\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u0026ndash;9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 (2.1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e49 (20.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e187 (77.6)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 (2.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e48 (21.1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e175 (76.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eN\u0026ordm; Medications\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBarthel Index\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;27.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCRF admission\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u0026ndash;2\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u0026ndash;5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19 (7.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e85 (35.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e137 (56.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18 (7.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e83 (36.4)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e127 (55.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCRM admission\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u0026ndash;1\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u0026ndash;3\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u0026ndash;5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e93 (38.6)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e86 (35.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e62 (25.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91 (39.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e80 (35.1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e57 (25)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDuration of Intervention\u003c/b\u003e (days)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;17.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;17.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWaiting time 1st visit\u003c/b\u003e (days)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedical visits\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNursing visits\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNew diagnoses\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e202 (83.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e190 (83.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOrigin\u003c/b\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimary Care\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeriatric Units\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOthers\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e148 (61.4)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e84 (34.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 (3.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e135 (59.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e117 (36.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 (3.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSerum Albumin\u003c/b\u003e (g/dL) \u003cb\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;219\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;3.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3-3.49\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e125 (53.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e74 (31.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e33 (14.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e119 (54.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e70 (32)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30 (13.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCONUT \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;214\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWithout risk (0\u0026ndash;1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMild malnutrition (2\u0026ndash;4)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eModerate malnutrition (5\u0026ndash;8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSever malnutrition (9\u0026ndash;12)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e68 (30)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e93 (41)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e58 (25.6)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8 (3.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e67 (31.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e88 (41.1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e52 (24.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 (3.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHemoglobin\u003c/b\u003e (g/dL)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u0026ndash;12\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14 (7.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e63 (35.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e102 (57)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31 (13.6)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e54 (23.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e143 (62.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGlomerular filtration as per MDRD\u003c/b\u003e (mL/min) \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;227\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;60\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e59\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;30\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23 (9.6)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e194 (80.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23 (9.6)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23 (10.1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e181 (79.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23 (10.1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"3\"\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003eQuantitative variables are expressed as mean \u0026plusmn; SD if they fit the normal distribution. Qualitative variables in absolute value and percentage: n (%).GHCU: Geriatric Home Care Unit; CFS: Clinical Frailty Scale; BI: Barthel index; CRF: Red Cross Functional Scale; CRM: Red Cross Mental Scale; CONUT: CONtrolling NUTritional Status; MDRD: Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eA: Survival to death; B: Survival to death according to the Barthel Index at discharge from the hospital from the HGCU; C: Survival to death according to the Mental Red Cross scale upon discharge; D: Survival to death according to Glomerular Filtration; E: Survival to death according to the number of medical visits; F: Survival to death according to the number of new diagnoses. CRM: Red Cross Mental Scale.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnivariate analysis of mortality during home monitoring\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"4\" nameend=\"c4\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMORTALITY OF PATIENTS DURING THE HOME INTERVENTION\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eN: 241\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSURVIVORS\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eN: 228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDECEASED\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eN: 13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAge\u003c/b\u003e (years)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;6.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e92.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;6.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.101\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSex\u003c/b\u003e (% females)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e165 (72.4)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 (76.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.969\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCharlson Index\u003c/b\u003e (\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e88 (38.6)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 (61.5)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.100\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFrailty (CFS)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u0026ndash;4\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u0026ndash;6\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u0026ndash;9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 (2.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e48 (21.1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e175 (76.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 (7.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12 (92.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.314\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eUrinary incontinence\u003c/b\u003e (yes)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e200 (87.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13 (100)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.373\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFecal incontinence\u003c/b\u003e (yes)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e131 (57.5)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 (92.3)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.013\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDysphagia\u003c/b\u003e (yes)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e106 (46.5)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 (76.9)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.033\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePain\u003c/b\u003e (yes)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e148 (64.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 (46.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.234\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuditory or visual deficiency\u003c/b\u003e (yes)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e189 (82.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12 (92.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.701\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDecubitus ulcers\u003c/b\u003e (yes)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e52 (22.8)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 (46.2)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.088\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eInsomnia\u003c/b\u003e (yes)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e168(73.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12 (92.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.194\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCargiver overload\u003c/b\u003e (yes)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e142 (62.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8 (61.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.999\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDepressive disorder\u003c/b\u003e (DSM-V) (yes)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e163 (71.5)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 (100)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.022\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eN\u0026ordm; of Medications admission\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;5.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.652\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eN\u0026ordm; of Medication discharge\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4.4\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4.8\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCRF admission\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u0026ndash;2\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u0026ndash;5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 (7.9)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e83 (36.4)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e127 (55.7)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 (7.7)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 (15.4)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 (77)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.041\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBarthel Index admission\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e41.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;27.0\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;24.7\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.003\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCRM admission\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u0026ndash;1\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u0026ndash;3\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u0026ndash;5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91 (39.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e80 (35.1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e57 (25)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 (15.4)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 (46.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 (38.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.133\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWaiting time 1st visit\u003c/b\u003e (days)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.733\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLength of stay\u003c/b\u003e (days)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 (4/25)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e32 (7/41)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.036\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNew diagnoses\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.9\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.9\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.034\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedical visits\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.7\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.9\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.005\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNursing visits\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.7\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.6\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.006\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eN\u0026ordm; complimentary tests\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eComplimentary tests\u003c/b\u003e (yes)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e152 (66.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 (76.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.634\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.554\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAlbumin\u003c/b\u003e (g/dL)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.221\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eProteins\u003c/b\u003e (g/dL)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.6\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.6\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.037\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHemoglobin\u003c/b\u003e (g/dL)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.229\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHematocrit\u003c/b\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e37.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;5.9\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e34.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;5.8\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.043\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLymphocytes\u003c/b\u003e (\u0026micro;L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1405 (1052/1915)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e900 (730/1330)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMDRD\u003c/b\u003e (mL/min)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;15.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.783\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCholesterol\u003c/b\u003e (mg/mL)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e169.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;44.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e164.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;46.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.719\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSodium\u003c/b\u003e (mmol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e138.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4.1\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e135.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4.3\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.005\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFerritin\u003c/b\u003e (ng/mL)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e88 (38/163)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e124 (49/422)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.099\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCRP\u003c/b\u003e (mg/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9.2 (5.0/22.6)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e29.2 (9.9/57.8)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.022\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOrigin\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimary Care\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcute Geriatrics Unit\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Geriatrics Units\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e135 (59.2)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e41 (18.0)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e43 (18.9)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 (3.9)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 (100)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.004\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eQuantitative variables are expressed as mean \u0026plusmn; SD if they fit the normal distribution. Qualitative variables in absolute value and percentage: n (%). CFS: Clinical Frailty Scale; DSM\u0026minus;V: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; CRF: Red Cross Functional Scale; CRM: Red Cross Mental Scale; MDRD: Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study; CRP: C\u0026minus;Reactive Protein\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCox analysis (survival) of predictors of mortality 6 months after the Geriatric Home Care Unit intervention.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c4\" namest=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnivariate\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c6\" namest=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMultivariate\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHR (CI 95%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHR (CI 95%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAge\u003c/b\u003e (years)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.035 (0.987/1.086)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.158\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSex\u003c/b\u003e (male vs female)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.042 (0.564/1.923)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.896\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCharlson Index\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1.134 (1.005/1.280)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.042\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFrailty (CFS)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1.482 (0.988/2.223)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.057\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.467 (0.280/0.781)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.004\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eN\u0026ordm; Medications\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1.057 (0.999/1.118)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.053\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRed Cross Physical Scale\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1.733 (1.255/2.393)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBarthel Index\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.976 (0.966/0.987)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.860 (0.817/0.904)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRed Cross Mental Scale\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u0026ndash;1\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u0026ndash;3\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u0026ndash;5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.468 (0.225/0.973)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1.051 (0.555/1.990)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.048\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.042\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.878\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e-\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2.256\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e(0.875/8.815)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2.551\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e(1.212/5.368)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.047\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e-\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.092\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.014\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSerum Albumin\u003c/b\u003e (g/dL)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e219\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.476 (0.288/0.787)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.004\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCONUT\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e214\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1.197 (1.085/1.321)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eProteins\u003c/b\u003e (g/dL)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e227\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.603 (0.392/0.928)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.021\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHemoglobin\u003c/b\u003e (g/dL)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.927 (0.817/1.051)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.235\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMDRD\u003c/b\u003e (mL/min)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e227\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.976 (0.960/0.993)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.007\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.969 (0.950/0.988)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.002\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCholesterol\u003c/b\u003e (mg/dL)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.993 (0.986/0.999)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.039\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOrigin\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimary Care\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcute Geriatrics Unit\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOthers\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.579 (0.243/1.382)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.106 (0.559/2.189)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.612\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.218\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.772\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.891\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLength of stay\u003c/b\u003e (days)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1.015 (1.003/1.027)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.011\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.972 (0.949/0.996)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.022\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedical visits\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1.170 (1.100/1.245)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1.309 (1.137/1.508)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNursing visits\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1.148 (1.081/1.218)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNew diagnosis\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1.252 (1.103/1.421)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1.268 (1.087/1.479)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.002\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eHR: Hazard Ratio; CI: Confidence Interval; CRF: Red Cross Functional Scale; CRM: Red Cross Mental Scale; CONUT: CONtrolling NUTritional Status; MDRD: Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"geriatric home care, primary care, older patient, aging, mortality, care models","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4817119/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4817119/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePurpose: \u003c/strong\u003eTo describe the characteristics of patients attended by a Home Geriatric Care Unit (HGCU) and the predictors of mortality during the intervention and after 6 months of follow-up.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods: \u003c/strong\u003eThis prospective observational study included patients attended by the HGCU of the Hospital Universitario Central de la Cruz Roja (from June 1 to December 31, 2021) with a 6-month follow-up. Sociodemographic, clinical, functional, and cognitive variables were recorded, together with the waiting times until the first visit, length of stay, number of new diagnoses, additional tests, origin, and the number of medical and nursing visits. Mortality and its predictors were assessed. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were performed, along with Kaplan-Meier curves (95%CI; p\u0026lt;0.05).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults: \u003c/strong\u003e241 patients were included (89.4±6.1 years; 72.6% women). There was high co-morbidity (38.9% Charlson Index≥3), frailty (Clinical Frailty Scale-CFS≥5: 97.9%), polypharmacy (average number of medications was 12.1±4.6), Barthel Index (BI) mean 39.9±27.3, with 60.1% having dementia and 70.1% Nutritional risk (CONtrolling NUTritional Status-CONUT\u0026gt;1). Anemia was found in 43% and renal function impairment (glomerular filtration rate \u0026lt;60 ml/min/m\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e) in 90.4%. The average length of participation in the program was 17.4±17.9 days, with 2.9±2.7 medical visits and 2.7±2.7 nursing visits. New diagnoses were established in 83.8% of patients. Mortality was 5.4% (13 patients) during the intervention and 22.8% at 6 month. Predictive variables of mortality in multivariate analysis included worse functional and cognitive status at discharge, poorer nutritional status and renal function, higher number of medical and nursing visits, and new diagnoses establishment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusion: \u003c/strong\u003eThe HGCU program cares for older patients with high co-morbidity and care needs, complementing the role of Primary Care. Factors such as functional, cognitive and nutritional status, renal function, and the number of medical and nursing visits are predictors of mortality at 6 months.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Mortality Predictors of Patients Receiving Care in a Geriatric Home Care Unit, During a Six Months Follow-up After the Intervention","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-09-12 12:36:56","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4817119/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"01b62240-1096-41ab-b94b-3afdb46810b1","owner":[],"postedDate":"September 12th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-09-16T11:50:54+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-09-12 12:36:56","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4817119","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4817119","identity":"rs-4817119","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}