The study of pH effects on contaminated fungal growth dynamics of date palm tissue culture

The study of pH effects on contaminated fungal growth dynamics of date palm tissue culture | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article The study of pH effects on contaminated fungal growth dynamics of date palm tissue culture Ramiz Alasadi, Alaa Naser Ahmed, Mohammed Hadi Tuaimah, Haitham Alnaqeb This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4304969/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Date palm, a dynamic tree in arid and semi-arid areas, subjects tissue culture for reproduction, facing challenges like fungal contamination. The impact of various pH levels on contaminated fungal growth and explants in vitro was investigated in this research. Through morphological and molecular analyses, three fungi, Alternaria alternata , Chaetomium globosum , and Nigrospora osmanthi , were identified within the tissue culture, with A. alternata being the most prevalent. Significant differences in radial growth and dry weight of these fungi were observed across different pH levels, whereas shoot growth in date palm tissue culture remained unaffected. This study includes understanding the interactions between pH levels and fungi, highlights the importance of understanding the conditions of date palm tissue culture, by illuminating the behavior of fungi in plant tissue cultures, this study contributes to the extensive understanding of cultivation practices in agricultural settings. pH levels fungal contamination date palm tissue culture explants biotechnology. Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 1. Introduction Plant tissue culture in vitro faces several challenges such as contamination, browning, vitrification. However, most of these issues can be managed, microbial contamination remains difficult to control and often originates from plant parts, workers, tools, or from culture media, resulting in damage to explant in vitro . (Cassells, 1991 ; Reed and Tanprasert, 1995 ). To reduce or eliminate the microbial contamination in tissue culture, antibiotics such as rifampicin, streptomycin, Gentamycin, chloramphenicol were used by adding them into the culture medium. (Omar et al., 1992). Additionally, immersion of explants in sodium hypochlorite solution 20% with tween-20 has been observed to reduce fungal and bacterial contamination. (Tisserat, 1987). However, these microorganisms persist reappearing during explant cultivation, spreading onto culture media, and causing damage to plant materials. The components of culture media provide conditions conducive to microbial grow, with nutrients absorption by plants or microorganisms being influenced by the pH of the culture medium, a crucial factor for growth either for plant tissue culture or microorganisms (Chen et. al., 2014 ; Aleandri et. al., 2007 ).Organisms exhibit vary activity depending on the ambient pH, with some preferring an alkaline and others acidic environment. Therefore, pH adjustments in culture media are made using HCl or NaOH solution based on organisms growth requirements (Shi et. al 2017 ). Studies have shown optimal pH values for specific plants; for instance, pH 5.6, 5.8, and 6.0 for tetraploid black locust multiplication, while pH less than 6.4 was suitable for Erqiao black locust. (Huang and Liu, 2003). As pointed out by Shi et al. ( 2017 ) that the appropriate pH for apple tissue culture is between (5.5 and 7.5). Also, the fungi differ in their pH requirements, despite their ability to grow across a wide range. (Landraud et al. 2013 ; Bousset et al 2018 ). pH levels play a regulatory role in fungal virulence genes and stimulate mycotoxin release. (Merhej 2011). As well as, enzymes that degrade plant cell walls. Consequently, pH alterations directly impact traits of explants and microorganisms, either positively or negatively. (Leifert et al., 1992 ; Bousset et al, 2018 ). Date palm, a significant and oldest plants in Iraq, is cultivated extensively in the Middle East and North Africa due to its fruits of high nutritional value. Therefore, these trees are considered to have nutritional and economic significance in arid areas. (Krueger, et al., 2023 ; Yahia and Kader, 2011 ). One of the methods using to reproduce this plant is through tissue culture. As mentioned above, this technique faces many challenges, including fungal contamination. Therefore, this research focused on studying the fungi that contaminate date palm tissue culture, which causes the failure of this technique. These fungi are characterized by rapid growth, colonization, and contamination of the culture medium. In addition to that deteriorate the explants. As a result of the lack of studies on fungal contamination in date palm tissue culture, so the main objective of this study was, to investigate the impact of pH on fungal growth and development of explants in vitro. 2. Materials and methods 2.1. Prepare culture medium Murashige and Skooge (MS) Murashige and Skooge (MS; Caisson Laboratory, USA) culture medium table (1) was prepared by adding 4.44 g L − 1 into 1L flask contains 700 ml distilled water. (Sucrose 30000, sodium hydrogen ortho phosphates 0.170, Adenine sulphates 0.040, Thiamine – HCL 0.0005, Activated charcoal 0.25, and Agar 6000) mg. L − 1 were added to the flask and thoroughly mixed on magnetic stirrer hot plate. Additionally, plant growth regulators cytokinins and auxins were added to the mixture. The pH of medium was modified as needed for the study using a digital pH meter. Subsequently, The medium was poured into jars 50ml each and sealed with plastic cover. All jars were autoclaved for 20 min and then allowed to cool down before use. 2.2. Isolation of fungi The fungal isolates were collected from contaminated date palm cv. Barhi explants, including callus and shoot, obtained from the tissue culture laboratory at the date palm research center. All explants were placed on plates contaning autoclaved potato dextrose agar medium (PDA) and then incubated at 25°C in complete darkness. After 4–5 days, segments of mycelia were transfer to fresh PDA medium and incubated at 25C o . The fungal growth was monitored regularly. The frequency of isolated fungi was calculated using formula NF/ NT ×100, where NF represents the number of explant parts contaminated with fungal isolates and NT represents the total number of explant parts. 2.3. Morphology of fungi colonies The fungi were identified after culturing them on (PDA) solid medium. The characteristics that recorded based on the growth pattern for each fungus such as color of colony and radial growth. The shape, the size of conidia and other fungal structures had dependent on it for classification. Taxonomic materials used for classifing these fungi were, Webster, ( 1952 ), Chapman and Fergus, ( 1975 ), Simmons, ( 2007 ), and Wang et al., ( 2016 ). 2.4. Effect of different pH level on radial growth of fungi The effect of pH level on mycelium growth was investigated using MS medium. The pH of medium was adjusted to three different levels (5, 5.5, and 6). A 0.5 cm diameter disc of fungi was placed individually on each plate. Three replicates for each pH level were incubated at 25 C°. The radial growth of fungi was measured after 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days. The morphology of fungal colonies was observed at the end of experiment. 2.5. Effect of different pH level on dry weight of mycelium The dry weight of fungal mycelium was measured using liquid media of MS. Each flask, totaling thee replicates, was filled with 50 ml of liquid medium poured into a 250 ml flask. Then individual flasks were inoculated with 0.5 cm diameter plugs of fungi mycelium. Subsequently, all flasks were incubated at 25 C° for 14 days. Upon completion of incubation period, the biomass of fungal mycelium was determined after drying. The MS liquid medium was prepared as described above, with exception of omitting Agar. Effect the pH level on shoot multiplication of the date palm tissue culture The pH of (MS) medium was adjusted to three levels (5, 5.5, and 6) by adding HCl and NaOH 0.1M. Each jar containing MS medium was inoculated with4 shoot per jar. The experiment was conducted with three replicates at each pH level. Then all jars were placed in a growth chamber at 27 ± 1C° under dark condition. Explants were re-cultured every four weeks. After two months, the length, number of shoot and shoot multiplication were evaluated to examine the pH effect on explants growth. 2.6. Molecular analysis The DNA extraction from the samples was conducted using the Genomic DNA Mini Kit Plant (Geneaid) following the manufacturer's instructions. Subsequently, PCR amplification was performed using AccuPower PCR PreMix (Bioneer). The amplification of Internal Transcribed Spacer ( ITS 1 &2) was completed using primers ITS1 5'-TCCGTAGGTGAACCTGCGG-3' and ITS4 5'-TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC-3' with the following cycling conditions: 94 C° for 60 sec, 35 cycles of (95 C° for 60 sec, 55 C° for 45 sec, and 72 C° for 60 sec), 72 C° for 10 min. The resulting amplicons were sent to Macrogen (Korea) for DNA sequencing. Subsequently, the obtained sequences were aligned and trimmed using available sequences from GenBank in Mesquite v.3.40 (Maddison, 2018 ) equipped with Clustal v.2.1 (Sievers, et al., 2011 ). The models of evolution GTR + F + I + G4 were selected based on the Akaike Information Criterion as implemented in jModelTest v.2.1.6 (Posada, 2008 ). IQ-Tree v.1.6.10 (Chernomor et al., 2016 ) was used to build a phylogenetic tree under the maximum likelihood method. This comprehensive approach allowed us to efficiently extract, amplify, and analyze the targeted DNA sequences, facilitating robust phylogenetic inferences. The accession numbers of sequences used in this study are labeled. The accession numbers for R_1 ( Alternaria alternata ) is PP330021 while the accession number for R_2 ( Nigrospora osmanthi ) is PP330022. The uncorrected p -distances were calculated using PAUP* performed in the cluster CIPRES Science Gateway (Miller, et al., 2010 ). 2.7. Statistical analysis All analysis were conducted using SAS software. A three-way ANOVA was used to analyze The Effect of different pH level on radial growth of fungi experiment, and the experiment of Effect of different pH level on dry weight of mycelium was used two-way ANOVA. Additionally, a one-way ANOVA was employed to analyze Effect the pH level on shoot multiplication of the date palm tissue culture . Tukey-Kramer was applied to separate the means at P ≤ 0.05. 3. Results 3.1. Isolation of fungi Isolation results from date palm explants in vitro showed the presence of three types of fungi, identify through morphological and molecular study were namely Alternaria alternata , Chaetomium globo s um and Nigrospora osmanthi (Figure, 1). The colony morphology of A. alternata on PDA showed that the mycelium appear in black to greenish color. Radial growth on (PDA) was rapid, reaching the edge of Petri dish 9 cm after 7days under dark condition of incubation at 25C. Furthermore, the fungus produces a massive number of conidia, these conidia in chains in form of ovoid, ellipsoid, or subspherical. Typically the first 1–2 conidia were long elliptical, measuring (25–30 × 5–9) µm, featuring 4–7 transverse septa and a few or no longisepta. The fungus C . globo s um on (PDA) initially presented a white colony, which After 7 days, turned pale yellow and formed greenish olivaceous fungal structure called Perithecium. Terminal and lateral hairs were brown tapering towards the ends, measuring (3–5) µm. Ascospores were unicellular, limoniform, gray greenish or brown, measuring (6–8 × 10–12.5) µm. Regarding the characteristics of the fungus N. osmanthi on (PDA) culture medium, it initially formed white mycelium, which later turned black. After 14 days at a temperature 25C o ,it reached the edge of the dish 9 cm. Conidia were produced singly on hyaline vesicles at the end of the conidiophores. The fungus forms large numbers of smooth, spherical-shaped conidia that are black in color. The presence of these three fungi on explants varied, with A. alternata having a frequency of 8.83% on callus and 8.3% on shoots. The frequency of C . globo s um and N. osmanthi on shoots was 5.79% and 2.12% respectively, but there was no grow of these two fungi on callus. (Figure, 2). 3.2. Effect of different pH level on radial growth of fungi The results showed the influence of pH on radial growth of A. alternata and C . globo s um ,and N. osmanthi . pH 5 had most effect on fungal growth compared to pH levels 5.5 and 6. Among these fungi, N. osmanthi was more sensitive to pH variations compared to A. alternata and C . globo s um . Radial growth of these fungi increased during growth period. (Figure, 3). A. alternata cultivated on (MS) medium exhibited a dense yellow mycelium, with colony raised above the agar surface. The growth pattern of the fungus was an irregular on the culture medium, indicating non-uniform mycelium growth. In contrast, C . globo s um displayed white mycelium with a yellowish pigment within the agar during growth. The fungal growth pattern was irregular, with a cottony colony surface that rose above the agar surface. The mycelium color of N. osmanthi was white with aerial hyphae. Radial growth was notably slow on the medium surface. These characteristics were established on MS medium supplied with varying pH levels for both fungi. (Figure, 4). 3.3. Effect of different pH level on dry weight of mycelium The results of dry weight experiment showed impact of pH levels on fungal growth. Statistical analysis indicated highly significant differences (P < 0.0001) in the effects of various pH levels on dry weight of fungal mycelia. The pH 6 had a more pronounced on the growth of N. osmanthi compared to pH levels 5 and 5.5. Similarly, pH 6 had a significant effect on dry weight of fungus A. alternata compared to pH levels 5 and 5.5. Conversely, the growth of C . globo s um was affected at pH 5.5, exhibiting less dry weight compared to the mycelium at pH levels 5 and 6. (figure, 5). 3.4. The Effect of pH level on shoot multiplication of the date palm tissue culture The results of the experiment showed pH levels had effect on shoot growth. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in the effect of pH levels on shoot growth. (Figure, 6). Additionally, as illustrated in the figure (7), shoot growth and multiplication were developed on (MS) culture medium with varying pH levels. However, the length of the shoots showed significant among pH levels (P < 0.009), indicating that, pH had a positive effect on shoot length. 3.5. Molecular analysis The identification of fungi included in this study was confirmed using the molecular and phylogenetic analysis. The uncorrected p genetic distance reveals a distance of 0% between R_1 and Alternaria alternata ; 0% between R_2 and Nigrospora osmanthi ; and 0.02% between Chaetomium globosum taxa. These results are consistent with the phylogenetic and morphological analysis. Each species was clustered with its sister taxa, with bootstrap value of 100%, 65%, and 100%, respectively (Figure, 8). 4. Discussion In the laboratory, explants are susceptible to infection by various fungi. In this study, the fungi A. alternata , C. globosum and N. osmanthi were isolated from explants cultivated on Murashige and Skooge medium. Geniuses of these fungi cause diseases on date palms in the field, including leaf spot diseases. The isolation frequency of these fungi from explants varied, potentially due to the difference in their physiological abilities to grow on the culture medium, such as growth rate and secretion of enzymes for nutrients exploitation, or variations in competitive ability among the fungi. The results of this study showed that the A. alternata was the predominant fungus present in tissue cultures compared to the other two fungi C. globosum and N. osmanthi . Previous studies consistently identified A. alternata as a major pathogen, in the field or in the laboratory. In the field this fungus is associated with various diseases in date palms such as inflorescences rot disease (Al-Zayat, 2002 and Alasadi and Al-Sadoon, 2011), leaf spot disease (Alasadi et al., 2014 ) and fruit rot (Al-Sharidi and Al-Shahwan, 2003 ; Alasadi et al., 2006 ). In vitro this fungus has been frequently isolated date palm explant tissue culture. In an earlier study isolated the fungus A. alternata from explants (tissue culture) of Barhi cultivar. In addition of a number of fungi including C. globosum (Al-Mayahi, et al., 2010 ), indicating its prevalence in the environment of date palm tissue culture. Notably, the fungus N. osmanthi was identified for the first time in this study from explants. In this study, it was observed that the morphology of fungal colonies on MS medium differed compared to their appearance on PDA medium. Additionally, fungal mycelial growth was slow and did not spread on the surface of the MS medium. This phenomenon may be attributed to the presence of multiple nutrients in the MS medium, which may not stimulate fungal growth, or the fungi may not be able to metabolize the compounds present in the MS medium. Several studies have noted changes in morphology or growth of fungi due to the environmental factors or media composition (Ibrahim et al., 2015 ; Francisco et al., 2019 ). Furthermore, Islam and Ohga ( 2013 ) suggested that fungal growth could be inhibited at high concentrations of vitamins and hormones, possibly due to the activation of inhibitory enzymes. Additionally, high concentrations of these substances cause inhibit the catabolism process in fungi because of osmotic pressure. The pH of the culture medium significantly impacted the radial growth of fungi. The study showed the fungal growth was affected at pH 5, while the pH had difference impact on fungal dry weight. Additionally, the characteristics of fungal colonies were influenced by culture media adjusted with various pH levels. Although, all the fungi had ability to grow on different pH levels. The effect of pH on fungal growth has been studied by numerous researchers. Opgenorth and Endo ( 1983 ) noted that the optimal pH range for Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. apii was between 4.6 and 7, whereas the pH 2 exhibited poor growth conditions. Forthermore, the dry weight of the fungus was notably higher within the pH range 4.6 to 7. Shabana et al., ( 2000 ) reported in their study on Alternaria eichhorniae that the optimal pH level for fungal growth was 7, with pH 5.6 and 9.7 being optimal for producing a massive number of spores. Sekar et al. ( 2017 ). mentioned that the most favorable pH level for F. graminearum growth was 7 compared to other pH levels. The ability of fungi to grow at different pH levels may be attributed to their adaptation to the surrounding environment, where they secrete some enzymes to create suitable growth medium. Verhoeff, et al. ( 1988 ) found that the pathogen Botrytis cinerea produced several different acids in vitro to adjust its growth environment, including citric, malic and succinic acid. Some Fungi can grow in both acidic (Dixand Webster 1995) and alkaline conditions (Yamanaka, 2003 ). In a study, it was observed that during F. culmorum growth on acidified yeast extract medium, the pH level increased from 4 to 8.7, accompanied by increase in ammonia to render the culture media suitable for fungal growth. (Aleandri et. al., 2007 ). Landraud et al. ( 2013 ) found that the number of conidia produced by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae at pH 8 exceeded those produced at pH 5; however, at acidic pH levels, the conidia germinated more readily. In the present study, it was found that the number and multiplication rate of shoots were not effect by pH levels. The continuous growth of shoots in different pH levels might be attributed to adaptability of explants to their in vitro environment. Chen et al. ( 2014 ) observed that some explants of Douglas-fir genotypes were capable of growing in various pH level, possibly due to their ability to tolerate pH changes. Moreover, each stage of growth might require a specific pH level. Nesius and Fletcher ( 1973 ) highlighted that a pH of 5.2–5.4 was optimal for cell division, while for the cell growth a pH range of 5.5-6.0 was more suitable. In another study, Ebrahim and Ibrahim ( 2000 ) reported that a pH 5.7 was optimal for multiplication rate, shoot strength and differentiation of leaves in the ornamental plant Maranta leuconeura in vitro . Additionally, this study found that the length of shoots was influenced positively. It was observed that the length of shoots increased with increasing pH levels compared to other growth characteristics. Therefore, differences in the growth of explants at different pH levels may be attributed to variations in ion exchange, resulting from the interaction between the medium components and the pH levels. Pasqua et al. ( 2002 ) indicated that abundant callus production and weak production of vegetative buds occured at pH 6, possibly due to phosphates absorption. de Klerk et al. ( 2008 ) reported that differences in pH levels affected auxin absorption, with increased auxin uptake at pH less than 5.3 led to reduce rooting. Thus, altering the pH of culture media plays a role similar to hormones in regulating plant growth. (George et al., 2008 ). The current study examined the growth behavior of fungi on MS medium under different pH level, in addition to the development shoots growth in the same conditions in vitro . 5. Conclusions In this research, three fungi that contaminated date palm explants were identified in vitro, namely A. alternata and C. globosum and N. osmanthi based on the morphological and molecular approaches. The interaction between fungi and their environment was investigated to understand how the environmental conditions effect on fungal growth. The difference in fungal growth in response to different pH level demonstrate how the important of environmental factors in modulating fungal physiology. Additionally, unaffected growth of shoots by pH levels indicates that explants have adapted to growth despite changes in pH. Therefore, these results contribute to providing suitable environmental conditions for tissue culture by understanding of fungal behavior and their interactions with explants. Declarations Conflict of Interest All authors confirm that no conflict of interest to declare regarding this research or its publication. Data availability Data will be made available on request. References Alasadi RMS, Al-Najim EA, Al-Dosary N H (2006) Study of date palm fruit rot caused by Alternaria alternata and its chemical control. Basrah journal for date palm research. 5(1-2):16-21. Alasadi RM, AlSadoon AH (2011) Study of the fungus Alternaria alternata as a causal agent of inflorescence rot of date palm. Basrah Journal for Date Palm Research, 10(2): 9-19. 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Persoonia-Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi, 36(1), 83-133. Webster J (1952) Spore projection in the hyphomycete Nigrospora sphaerica . The New Phytologist, 51(2), 229-235. Yahia EM, Kader AA (2011) Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.). In postharvest biology and technology of tropical and subtropical fruits (pp. 41-81e). Woodhead Publishing. Yamanaka T (2003) The effect of pH on the growth of saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal ammonia fungi in vitro. Mycologia, 95(4), 584-589. Table Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4304969","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":297082071,"identity":"10852c87-354b-4b6c-91d9-db7636c073e7","order_by":0,"name":"Ramiz Alasadi","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA8ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJCCAwwMFiDa4MAHIMnGTpwWCbCWgzNAWpiJswiihZkHRBHSYt5+OvHgjxoJefn2wxsP2/zaJs/HzMD44WMObi0yZ3I3HJA4JmG44UxaweHcvtuGbcwMzJIzt+FzEVCLAZsE4waGHIPDuT23GYFa2Jh58Wnhf7vhQMI/Cfv5/W8MDlv23LYnrEUCaMvBNonEhhtAWxh+3E4kQsvbDQcb+ySSN9x4VnCwt+F2chszYzN+v/Dnbv7445uN7fz+5M0ffvy5bTu/vfngh494tKACxjYw2UCsehD4Q4riUTAKRsEoGCkAAD3xVqL5jGAVAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"University of Basrah","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ramiz","middleName":"","lastName":"Alasadi","suffix":""},{"id":297082072,"identity":"89361e36-378d-42a9-8617-1aa44f35a154","order_by":1,"name":"Alaa Naser Ahmed","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Basrah","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Alaa","middleName":"Naser","lastName":"Ahmed","suffix":""},{"id":297082073,"identity":"c86ee357-7388-452c-8eb5-69478ae68c2f","order_by":2,"name":"Mohammed Hadi Tuaimah","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Basrah","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mohammed","middleName":"Hadi","lastName":"Tuaimah","suffix":""},{"id":297082074,"identity":"9c75c616-13a2-48af-a0b3-331e9b3b93f5","order_by":3,"name":"Haitham Alnaqeb","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"MEWA: Ministry of Environment Water \u0026 Agriculture","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Haitham","middleName":"","lastName":"Alnaqeb","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-04-22 10:08:38","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4304969/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4304969/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":55903012,"identity":"ba7b57a0-93e3-4a80-9a4a-b38e7b3ba6c1","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-06 06:08:28","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":118400,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eThe growth of fungi on PDA culture medium. (A) \u003cem\u003eA. alternata\u003c/em\u003e. (B) \u003cem\u003eC\u003c/em\u003e.\u003cem\u003e globo\u003c/em\u003es\u003cem\u003eum\u003c/em\u003e. (C) \u003cem\u003eN. osmanthi\u003c/em\u003e. (D) conidia chains of \u003cem\u003eA. alternata\u003c/em\u003e.(E) ascomata and ascospores of \u003cem\u003eC. globosum\u003c/em\u003e. (F) conidia of \u003cem\u003eN. osmanthi\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4304969/v1/8b79b72b7fcb080ae4cc4be8.jpg"},{"id":55903008,"identity":"d23516e8-1bc6-4c74-844f-dfacc05c72d2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-06 06:08:27","extension":"jpg","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":36650,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eThe frequency of fungal isolates on callus and shoots.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4304969/v1/54b5b9db8a1fcd4979bb874c.jpg"},{"id":55903005,"identity":"75b7d2f6-6963-494b-88b2-21bf9204c337","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-06 06:08:27","extension":"jpg","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":58213,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eEffect of different pH level on fungal radial growth. Three replicates. Bars indicate the standard error of the mean.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4304969/v1/9d23c810e67ea99df1ec5d11.jpg"},{"id":55903007,"identity":"c3b7524f-aca7-458f-a548-e255ebd99fc7","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-06 06:08:27","extension":"jpg","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":64566,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eRadial growth of\u0026nbsp; (A) \u003cem\u003eA. alternata\u003c/em\u003e. (B) \u003cem\u003eC\u003c/em\u003e.\u003cem\u003e globo\u003c/em\u003es\u003cem\u003eum\u003c/em\u003e. (C) \u003cem\u003eN. osmanthi\u003c/em\u003e. on MS medium after 10 days at 25\u003csup\u003eo\u003c/sup\u003eC.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"4.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4304969/v1/ca47ed88705ff9c3797ba66c.jpg"},{"id":55903713,"identity":"2e03fbfe-4fff-49f4-8930-0e5ab53e0e2c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-06 06:16:27","extension":"jpg","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":32083,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eEffect of different pH level on fungal biomass. Bars indicate the standard error of the mean.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"5.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4304969/v1/60b806850473792b4651c68e.jpg"},{"id":55903013,"identity":"8dccf648-0370-49c6-bf8d-de867166f444","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-06 06:08:28","extension":"jpeg","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":45392,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eEffect pH of culture medium on. (A) Number of shoots. (B) Rate of shoots multiplication. (C) Length of shoots (cm). Bars indicate the standard error of the mean.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"6.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4304969/v1/13981ba9e4027effdb391f02.jpeg"},{"id":55904465,"identity":"9216d27a-97b3-442b-9721-421a51079eb8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-06 06:24:27","extension":"jpg","order_by":7,"title":"Figure 7","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":99543,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eGrowth of shoot- tissue culture Barhi cultivar on MS medium. (A) Initial shoots. (B) Growth of shoot and developed on MS medium with pH 5. (C) Growth of shoot and developed on MS medium with pH 5.5. (D) Growth of shoot and developed on MS medium with pH 6.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"7.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4304969/v1/13b7fe95512a8cfba541e9f1.jpg"},{"id":55904466,"identity":"090c9c1d-408b-40af-83bf-80983dcbd4d7","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-06 06:24:27","extension":"jpg","order_by":8,"title":"Figure 8","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":309628,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePhylogenetic reconstruction of the concatenated dataset nDNA (ITS1, 5.8 and ITS2) based on Maximum likelihood (ML) inference with 1000 bootstrap replicates. Numbers along branches indicate the bootstrap support (ML).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"8.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4304969/v1/f7244cb5a6477a698eef3ff1.jpg"},{"id":59018312,"identity":"c6bc3667-7a10-4ea1-a4f6-8a52e9f8ceed","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-06-25 11:07:11","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1280411,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4304969/v1/e819e41a-4173-4c10-a1a6-85a07cf17625.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"The study of pH effects on contaminated fungal growth dynamics of date palm tissue culture","fulltext":[{"header":"1. Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003ePlant tissue culture in \u003cem\u003evitro\u003c/em\u003e faces several challenges such as contamination, browning, vitrification. However, most of these issues can be managed, microbial contamination remains difficult to control and often originates from plant parts, workers, tools, or from culture media, resulting in damage to explant in \u003cem\u003evitro\u003c/em\u003e. (Cassells, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1991\u003c/span\u003e; Reed and Tanprasert, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1995\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo reduce or eliminate the microbial contamination in tissue culture, antibiotics such as rifampicin, streptomycin, Gentamycin, chloramphenicol were used by adding them into the culture medium. (Omar et al., 1992). Additionally, immersion of explants in sodium hypochlorite solution 20% with tween-20 has been observed to reduce fungal and bacterial contamination. (Tisserat, 1987). However, these microorganisms persist reappearing during explant cultivation, spreading onto culture media, and causing damage to plant materials.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe components of culture media provide conditions conducive to microbial grow, with nutrients absorption by plants or microorganisms being influenced by the pH of the culture medium, a crucial factor for growth either for plant tissue culture or microorganisms (Chen et. al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e; Aleandri et. al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e).Organisms exhibit vary activity depending on the ambient pH, with some preferring an alkaline and others acidic environment. Therefore, pH adjustments in culture media are made using HCl or NaOH solution based on organisms growth requirements (Shi et. al \u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). Studies have shown optimal pH values for specific plants; for instance, pH 5.6, 5.8, and 6.0 for tetraploid black locust multiplication, while pH less than 6.4 was suitable for Erqiao black locust. (Huang and Liu, 2003). As pointed out by Shi et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e) that the appropriate pH for apple tissue culture is between (5.5 and 7.5).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlso, the fungi differ in their pH requirements, despite their ability to grow across a wide range. (Landraud et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e; Bousset et al \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e). pH levels play a regulatory role in fungal virulence genes and stimulate mycotoxin release. (Merhej 2011). As well as, enzymes that degrade plant cell walls.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConsequently, pH alterations directly impact traits of explants and microorganisms, either positively or negatively. (Leifert et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1992\u003c/span\u003e; Bousset et al, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDate palm, a significant and oldest plants in Iraq, is cultivated extensively in the Middle East and North Africa due to its fruits of high nutritional value. Therefore, these trees are considered to have nutritional and economic significance in arid areas. (Krueger, et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e; Yahia and Kader, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e). One of the methods using to reproduce this plant is through tissue culture. As mentioned above, this technique faces many challenges, including fungal contamination. Therefore, this research focused on studying the fungi that contaminate date palm tissue culture, which causes the failure of this technique. These fungi are characterized by rapid growth, colonization, and contamination of the culture medium. In addition to that deteriorate the explants. As a result of the lack of studies on fungal contamination in date palm tissue culture, so the main objective of this study was, to investigate the impact of pH on fungal growth and development of explants in vitro.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2. Materials and methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.1. Prepare culture medium Murashige and Skooge (MS)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eMurashige and Skooge (MS; Caisson Laboratory, USA) culture medium table (1) was prepared by adding 4.44 g L\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1\u003c/sup\u003e into 1L flask contains 700 ml distilled water. (Sucrose 30000, sodium hydrogen ortho phosphates 0.170, Adenine sulphates 0.040, Thiamine \u0026ndash; HCL 0.0005, Activated charcoal 0.25, and Agar 6000) mg. L\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1\u003c/sup\u003e were added to the flask and thoroughly mixed on magnetic stirrer hot plate. Additionally, plant growth regulators cytokinins and auxins were added to the mixture. The pH of medium was modified as needed for the study using a digital pH meter. Subsequently, The medium was poured into jars 50ml each and sealed with plastic cover. All jars were autoclaved for 20 min and then allowed to cool down before use.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2. Isolation of fungi\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe fungal isolates were collected from contaminated date palm cv. Barhi explants, including callus and shoot, obtained from the tissue culture laboratory at the date palm research center. All explants were placed on plates contaning autoclaved potato dextrose agar medium (PDA) and then incubated at 25\u0026deg;C in complete darkness. After 4\u0026ndash;5 days, segments of mycelia were transfer to fresh PDA medium and incubated at 25C\u003csup\u003eo\u003c/sup\u003e. The fungal growth was monitored regularly. The frequency of isolated fungi was calculated using formula NF/ NT \u0026times;100, where NF represents the number of explant parts contaminated with fungal isolates and NT represents the total number of explant parts.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.3. Morphology of fungi colonies\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe fungi were identified after culturing them on (PDA) solid medium. The characteristics that recorded based on the growth pattern for each fungus such as color of colony and radial growth. The shape, the size of conidia and other fungal structures had dependent on it for classification. Taxonomic materials used for classifing these fungi were, Webster, (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1952\u003c/span\u003e), Chapman and Fergus, (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1975\u003c/span\u003e), Simmons, (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e), and Wang et al., (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR37\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4. Effect of different pH level on radial growth of fungi\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe effect of pH level on mycelium growth was investigated using MS medium. The pH of medium was adjusted to three different levels (5, 5.5, and 6). A 0.5 cm diameter disc of fungi was placed individually on each plate. Three replicates for each pH level were incubated at 25 C\u0026deg;. The radial growth of fungi was measured after 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days. The morphology of fungal colonies was observed at the end of experiment.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.5. Effect of different pH level on dry weight of mycelium\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe dry weight of fungal mycelium was measured using liquid media of MS. Each flask, totaling thee replicates, was filled with 50 ml of liquid medium poured into a 250 ml flask. Then individual flasks were inoculated with 0.5 cm diameter plugs of fungi mycelium. Subsequently, all flasks were incubated at 25 C\u0026deg; for 14 days. Upon completion of incubation period, the biomass of fungal mycelium was determined after drying. The MS liquid medium was prepared as described above, with exception of omitting Agar.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eEffect the pH level on shoot multiplication of the date palm tissue culture\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe pH of (MS) medium was adjusted to three levels (5, 5.5, and 6) by adding HCl and NaOH 0.1M. Each jar containing MS medium was inoculated with4 shoot per jar. The experiment was conducted with three replicates at each pH level. Then all jars were placed in a growth chamber at 27\u0026thinsp;\u003cspan type=\"Underline\" class=\"Underline\" name=\"Emphasis\"\u003e\u0026plusmn;\u003c/span\u003e\u0026thinsp;1C\u0026deg; under dark condition. Explants were re-cultured every four weeks. After two months, the length, number of shoot and shoot multiplication were evaluated to examine the pH effect on explants growth.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.6. Molecular analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe DNA extraction from the samples was conducted using the Genomic DNA Mini Kit Plant (Geneaid) following the manufacturer's instructions. Subsequently, PCR amplification was performed using AccuPower PCR PreMix (Bioneer). The amplification of Internal Transcribed Spacer (\u003cem\u003eITS\u003c/em\u003e 1 \u0026amp;2) was completed using primers ITS1 5'-TCCGTAGGTGAACCTGCGG-3' and ITS4 5'-TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC-3' with the following cycling conditions: 94 C\u0026deg; for 60 sec, 35 cycles of (95 C\u0026deg; for 60 sec, 55 C\u0026deg; for 45 sec, and 72 C\u0026deg; for 60 sec), 72 C\u0026deg; for 10 min.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe resulting amplicons were sent to Macrogen (Korea) for DNA sequencing. Subsequently, the obtained sequences were aligned and trimmed using available sequences from GenBank in Mesquite v.3.40 (Maddison, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e) equipped with Clustal v.2.1 (Sievers, et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e). The models of evolution GTR\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;F\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;I\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;G4 were selected based on the Akaike Information Criterion as implemented in jModelTest v.2.1.6 (Posada, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2008\u003c/span\u003e). IQ-Tree v.1.6.10 (Chernomor et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e) was used to build a phylogenetic tree under the maximum likelihood method. This comprehensive approach allowed us to efficiently extract, amplify, and analyze the targeted DNA sequences, facilitating robust phylogenetic inferences. The accession numbers of sequences used in this study are labeled. The accession numbers for R_1 (\u003cem\u003eAlternaria alternata\u003c/em\u003e) is PP330021 while the accession number for R_2 (\u003cem\u003eNigrospora osmanthi\u003c/em\u003e) is PP330022. The uncorrected \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e-distances were calculated using PAUP* performed in the cluster CIPRES Science Gateway (Miller, et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.7. Statistical analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAll analysis were conducted using SAS software. A three-way ANOVA was used to analyze The \u003cem\u003eEffect of different pH level on radial growth of fungi\u003c/em\u003e experiment, and the experiment of \u003cem\u003eEffect of different pH level on dry weight of mycelium\u003c/em\u003e was used two-way ANOVA. Additionally, a one-way ANOVA was employed to analyze \u003cem\u003eEffect the pH level on shoot multiplication of the date palm tissue culture\u003c/em\u003e. Tukey-Kramer was applied to separate the means at P\u0026thinsp;\u003cspan type=\"Underline\" class=\"Underline\" name=\"Emphasis\"\u003e\u0026le;\u003c/span\u003e\u0026thinsp;0.05.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"3. Results","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.1. Isolation of fungi\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIsolation results from date palm explants in vitro showed the presence of three types of fungi, identify through morphological and molecular study were namely \u003cem\u003eAlternaria alternata\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eChaetomium globo\u003c/em\u003es\u003cem\u003eum\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eNigrospora osmanthi\u003c/em\u003e (Figure, 1). The colony morphology of \u003cem\u003eA. alternata\u003c/em\u003e on PDA showed that the mycelium appear in black to greenish color. Radial growth on (PDA) was rapid, reaching the edge of Petri dish 9 cm after 7days under dark condition of incubation at 25C. Furthermore, the fungus produces a massive number of conidia, these conidia in chains in form of ovoid, ellipsoid, or subspherical. Typically the first 1\u0026ndash;2 conidia were long elliptical, measuring (25\u0026ndash;30 \u0026times; 5\u0026ndash;9) \u0026micro;m, featuring 4\u0026ndash;7 transverse septa and a few or no longisepta. The fungus \u003cem\u003eC\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cem\u003eglobo\u003c/em\u003es\u003cem\u003eum\u003c/em\u003e on (PDA) initially presented a white colony, which After 7 days, turned pale yellow and formed greenish olivaceous fungal structure called Perithecium. Terminal and lateral hairs were brown tapering towards the ends, measuring (3\u0026ndash;5) \u0026micro;m. Ascospores were unicellular, limoniform, gray greenish or brown, measuring (6\u0026ndash;8 \u0026times; 10\u0026ndash;12.5) \u0026micro;m. Regarding the characteristics of the fungus \u003cem\u003eN. osmanthi\u003c/em\u003e on (PDA) culture medium, it initially formed white mycelium, which later turned black. After 14 days at a temperature 25C\u003csup\u003eo\u003c/sup\u003e ,it reached the edge of the dish 9 cm. Conidia were produced singly on hyaline vesicles at the end of the conidiophores. The fungus forms large numbers of smooth, spherical-shaped conidia that are black in color.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe presence of these three fungi on explants varied, with \u003cem\u003eA. alternata\u003c/em\u003e having a frequency of 8.83% on callus and 8.3% on shoots. The frequency of \u003cem\u003eC\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cem\u003eglobo\u003c/em\u003es\u003cem\u003eum\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eN. osmanthi\u003c/em\u003e on shoots was 5.79% and 2.12% respectively, but there was no grow of these two fungi on callus. (Figure, 2).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec12\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.2. Effect of different pH level on radial growth of fungi\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results showed the influence of pH on radial growth of \u003cem\u003eA. alternata\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eC\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cem\u003eglobo\u003c/em\u003es\u003cem\u003eum\u003c/em\u003e ,and \u003cem\u003eN. osmanthi\u003c/em\u003e. pH 5 had most effect on fungal growth compared to pH levels 5.5 and 6. Among these fungi, \u003cem\u003eN. osmanthi\u003c/em\u003e was more sensitive to pH variations compared to \u003cem\u003eA. alternata\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eC\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cem\u003eglobo\u003c/em\u003es\u003cem\u003eum\u003c/em\u003e. Radial growth of these fungi increased during growth period. (Figure, 3). \u003cem\u003eA. alternata\u003c/em\u003e cultivated on (MS) medium exhibited a dense yellow mycelium, with colony raised above the agar surface. The growth pattern of the fungus was an irregular on the culture medium, indicating non-uniform mycelium growth. In contrast, \u003cem\u003eC\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cem\u003eglobo\u003c/em\u003es\u003cem\u003eum\u003c/em\u003e displayed white mycelium with a yellowish pigment within the agar during growth. The fungal growth pattern was irregular, with a cottony colony surface that rose above the agar surface. The mycelium color of \u003cem\u003eN. osmanthi\u003c/em\u003e was white with aerial hyphae. Radial growth was notably slow on the medium surface. These characteristics were established on MS medium supplied with varying pH levels for both fungi. (Figure, 4).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec13\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.3. Effect of different pH level on dry weight of mycelium\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results of dry weight experiment showed impact of pH levels on fungal growth. Statistical analysis indicated highly significant differences (P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001) in the effects of various pH levels on dry weight of fungal mycelia. The pH 6 had a more pronounced on the growth of \u003cem\u003eN. osmanthi\u003c/em\u003e compared to pH levels 5 and 5.5. Similarly, pH 6 had a significant effect on dry weight of fungus \u003cem\u003eA. alternata\u003c/em\u003e compared to pH levels 5 and 5.5. Conversely, the growth of \u003cem\u003eC\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cem\u003eglobo\u003c/em\u003es\u003cem\u003eum\u003c/em\u003e was affected at pH 5.5, exhibiting less dry weight compared to the mycelium at pH levels 5 and 6. (figure, 5).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec14\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.4. The Effect of pH level on shoot multiplication of the date palm tissue culture\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results of the experiment showed pH levels had effect on shoot growth. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in the effect of pH levels on shoot growth. (Figure, 6). Additionally, as illustrated in the figure (7), shoot growth and multiplication were developed on (MS) culture medium with varying pH levels. However, the length of the shoots showed significant among pH levels (P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.009), indicating that, pH had a positive effect on shoot length.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec15\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.5. Molecular analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe identification of fungi included in this study was confirmed using the molecular and phylogenetic analysis. The uncorrected \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e genetic distance reveals a distance of 0% between R_1 and \u003cem\u003eAlternaria alternata\u003c/em\u003e; 0% between R_2 and \u003cem\u003eNigrospora osmanthi\u003c/em\u003e; and 0.02% between \u003cem\u003eChaetomium globosum\u003c/em\u003e taxa. These results are consistent with the phylogenetic and morphological analysis. Each species was clustered with its sister taxa, with bootstrap value of 100%, 65%, and 100%, respectively (Figure, 8).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"4. Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn the laboratory, explants are susceptible to infection by various fungi. In this study, the fungi \u003cem\u003eA. alternata\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eC. globosum\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eN. osmanthi\u003c/em\u003e were isolated from explants cultivated on Murashige and Skooge medium. Geniuses of these fungi cause diseases on date palms in the field, including leaf spot diseases. The isolation frequency of these fungi from explants varied, potentially due to the difference in their physiological abilities to grow on the culture medium, such as growth rate and secretion of enzymes for nutrients exploitation, or variations in competitive ability among the fungi. The results of this study showed that the \u003cem\u003eA. alternata\u003c/em\u003e was the predominant fungus present in tissue cultures compared to the other two fungi \u003cem\u003eC. globosum\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eN. osmanthi\u003c/em\u003e. Previous studies consistently identified \u003cem\u003eA. alternata\u003c/em\u003e as a major pathogen, in the field or in the laboratory. In the field this fungus is associated with various diseases in date palms such as inflorescences rot disease (Al-Zayat, 2002 and Alasadi and Al-Sadoon, 2011), leaf spot disease (Alasadi et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e) and fruit rot (Al-Sharidi and Al-Shahwan, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2003\u003c/span\u003e; Alasadi et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e). In \u003cem\u003evitro\u003c/em\u003e this fungus has been frequently isolated date palm explant tissue culture. In an earlier study isolated the fungus \u003cem\u003eA. alternata\u003c/em\u003e from explants (tissue culture) of Barhi cultivar. In addition of a number of fungi including \u003cem\u003eC. globosum\u003c/em\u003e (Al-Mayahi, et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e), indicating its prevalence in the environment of date palm tissue culture. Notably, the fungus \u003cem\u003eN. osmanthi\u003c/em\u003e was identified for the first time in this study from explants.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this study, it was observed that the morphology of fungal colonies on MS medium differed compared to their appearance on PDA medium. Additionally, fungal mycelial growth was slow and did not spread on the surface of the MS medium. This phenomenon may be attributed to the presence of multiple nutrients in the MS medium, which may not stimulate fungal growth, or the fungi may not be able to metabolize the compounds present in the MS medium. Several studies have noted changes in morphology or growth of fungi due to the environmental factors or media composition (Ibrahim et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e; Francisco et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e). Furthermore, Islam and Ohga (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e) suggested that fungal growth could be inhibited at high concentrations of vitamins and hormones, possibly due to the activation of inhibitory enzymes. Additionally, high concentrations of these substances cause inhibit the catabolism process in fungi because of osmotic pressure.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe pH of the culture medium significantly impacted the radial growth of fungi. The study showed the fungal growth was affected at pH 5, while the pH had difference impact on fungal dry weight. Additionally, the characteristics of fungal colonies were influenced by culture media adjusted with various pH levels. Although, all the fungi had ability to grow on different pH levels. The effect of pH on fungal growth has been studied by numerous researchers. Opgenorth and Endo (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1983\u003c/span\u003e) noted that the optimal pH range for \u003cem\u003eFusarium oxysporum\u003c/em\u003e f.sp. apii was between 4.6 and 7, whereas the pH 2 exhibited poor growth conditions. Forthermore, the dry weight of the fungus was notably higher within the pH range 4.6 to 7. Shabana et al., (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2000\u003c/span\u003e) reported in their study on \u003cem\u003eAlternaria eichhorniae\u003c/em\u003e that the optimal pH level for fungal growth was 7, with pH 5.6 and 9.7 being optimal for producing a massive number of spores. Sekar et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). mentioned that the most favorable pH level for \u003cem\u003eF. graminearum\u003c/em\u003e growth was 7 compared to other pH levels. The ability of fungi to grow at different pH levels may be attributed to their adaptation to the surrounding environment, where they secrete some enzymes to create suitable growth medium. Verhoeff, et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1988\u003c/span\u003e) found that the pathogen \u003cem\u003eBotrytis cinerea\u003c/em\u003e produced several different acids in \u003cem\u003evitro\u003c/em\u003e to adjust its growth environment, including citric, malic and succinic acid. Some Fungi can grow in both acidic (Dixand Webster 1995) and alkaline conditions (Yamanaka, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2003\u003c/span\u003e). In a study, it was observed that during \u003cem\u003eF. culmorum\u003c/em\u003e growth on acidified yeast extract medium, the pH level increased from 4 to 8.7, accompanied by increase in ammonia to render the culture media suitable for fungal growth. (Aleandri et. al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e). Landraud et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e) found that the number of conidia produced by the fungus \u003cem\u003eMagnaporthe oryzae\u003c/em\u003e at pH 8 exceeded those produced at pH 5; however, at acidic pH levels, the conidia germinated more readily.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the present study, it was found that the number and multiplication rate of shoots were not effect by pH levels. The continuous growth of shoots in different pH levels might be attributed to adaptability of explants to their in vitro environment. Chen et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e) observed that some explants of Douglas-fir genotypes were capable of growing in various pH level, possibly due to their ability to tolerate pH changes. Moreover, each stage of growth might require a specific pH level. Nesius and Fletcher (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1973\u003c/span\u003e) highlighted that a pH of 5.2\u0026ndash;5.4 was optimal for cell division, while for the cell growth a pH range of 5.5-6.0 was more suitable. In another study, Ebrahim and Ibrahim (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2000\u003c/span\u003e) reported that a pH 5.7 was optimal for multiplication rate, shoot strength and differentiation of leaves in the ornamental plant \u003cem\u003eMaranta leuconeura\u003c/em\u003e in \u003cem\u003evitro\u003c/em\u003e. Additionally, this study found that the length of shoots was influenced positively. It was observed that the length of shoots increased with increasing pH levels compared to other growth characteristics. Therefore, differences in the growth of explants at different pH levels may be attributed to variations in ion exchange, resulting from the interaction between the medium components and the pH levels. Pasqua et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2002\u003c/span\u003e) indicated that abundant callus production and weak production of vegetative buds occured at pH 6, possibly due to phosphates absorption. de Klerk et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2008\u003c/span\u003e) reported that differences in pH levels affected auxin absorption, with increased auxin uptake at pH less than 5.3 led to reduce rooting. Thus, altering the pH of culture media plays a role similar to hormones in regulating plant growth. (George et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2008\u003c/span\u003e). The current study examined the growth behavior of fungi on MS medium under different pH level, in addition to the development shoots growth in the same conditions in \u003cem\u003evitro\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"5. Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn this research, three fungi that contaminated date palm explants were identified in vitro, namely \u003cem\u003eA. alternata\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eC. globosum\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eN. osmanthi\u003c/em\u003e based on the morphological and molecular approaches. The interaction between fungi and their environment was investigated to understand how the environmental conditions effect on fungal growth. The difference in fungal growth in response to different pH level demonstrate how the important of environmental factors in modulating fungal physiology. Additionally, unaffected growth of shoots by pH levels indicates that explants have adapted to growth despite changes in pH. Therefore, these results contribute to providing suitable environmental conditions for tissue culture by understanding of fungal behavior and their interactions with explants.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e \u003ch2\u003eConflict of Interest\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAll authors confirm that no conflict of interest to declare regarding this research or its publication.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eData availability\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eData will be made available on request.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlasadi RMS, Al-Najim EA, Al-Dosary N H (2006) Study of date palm fruit rot caused by \u003cem\u003eAlternaria alternata\u003c/em\u003e and its chemical control. 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The New Phytologist, 51(2), 229-235.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYahia EM, Kader AA (2011) Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.). In postharvest biology and technology of tropical and subtropical fruits (pp. 41-81e). Woodhead Publishing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYamanaka T (2003) The effect of pH on the growth of saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal ammonia fungi in vitro. Mycologia, 95(4), 584-589.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Table","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg 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fungal contamination, date palm tissue culture, explants, biotechnology.","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4304969/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4304969/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eDate palm, a dynamic tree in arid and semi-arid areas, subjects tissue culture for reproduction, facing challenges like fungal contamination. The impact of various pH levels on contaminated fungal growth and explants in vitro was investigated in this research. Through morphological and molecular analyses, three fungi, \u003cem\u003eAlternaria alternata\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eChaetomium globosum\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eNigrospora osmanthi\u003c/em\u003e, were identified within the tissue culture, with \u003cem\u003eA. alternata\u003c/em\u003e being the most prevalent. Significant differences in radial growth and dry weight of these fungi were observed across different pH levels, whereas shoot growth in date palm tissue culture remained unaffected.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study includes understanding the interactions between pH levels and fungi, highlights the importance of understanding the conditions of date palm tissue culture, by illuminating the behavior of fungi in plant tissue cultures, this study contributes to the extensive understanding of cultivation practices in agricultural settings.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"The study of pH effects on contaminated fungal growth dynamics of date palm tissue culture","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-05-06 06:08:22","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4304969/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"23f5927b-4e54-4e28-9d0b-89c594741cf8","owner":[],"postedDate":"May 6th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-06-25T10:59:04+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-05-06 06:08:22","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4304969","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4304969","identity":"rs-4304969","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}