Postoperative Outcomes after Single-port Laparoscopic Removal of Adnexal Masses in Patients Referred to Gynecologic Oncology at a Large Academic Center

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To report surgical and pathologic outcomes after single-port laparoscopy (SPL) for adnexal masses in patients referred to a gynecologic oncology practice at a single academic institution. DESIGN: A retrospective analysis (Canadian Task Force Classification II.2). SETTING: A single academic institution with multiple hospital centers. PATIENTS: Women who underwent at least 1 single-port laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of an adnexal mass from 2009 to 2015 after referral to a gynecologic oncology practice. INTERVENTION: Data were collected on the surgical procedure, patient demographic variables, 30-day surgical outcomes, and hernia development. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Three hundred twenty-five surgeries were performed in 322 patients with a median follow-up of 42.7 months. The median age was 54.5 years, and the median body mass index was 28.1 kg/m2. All patients underwent unilateral or bilateral salpingectomy or oophorectomy with or without hysterectomy (26.5%). The median operative time was 90.0 minutes. The median mass dimension was 6.4 cm with 17.9% (n = 60) greater than 10 cm. Masses were categorized as simple (11.4%) and complex (69.5%). Although the majority (87.4%) of masses were benign, 7.4% were malignant, and 5.2% were borderline. Benign masses were physiologic (16.6%), serous cystadenomas (19.1%), mucinous cystadenomas (6.8%), endometriomas (12.3%), myomas (12.3%), and mature teratomas (9.2%). In malignant cases (7.4%), serous carcinoma was the most frequent histology (58.3%). The rate of adverse outcomes within 30 days, including reoperation (0.0%), intraoperative injury (1.5%), venous thromboembolism (0.3%), and transfusion (0.6%), was low. The development of incisional cellulitis was 4.6%. The rate of incisional hernia was 4.0%, with a median occurrence of 18.3 months. Diabetes mellitus (p = .03) and obesity (p = .04) were significant predictors for a hernia, but mass complexity (p = .28), American Society of Anesthesiologists class (p = .83), and smoking (p = .82) were not. CONCLUSION: In patients undergoing SPL for the removal of adnexal masses in a gynecologic oncology practice, the rate of benign disease is high. SPL removal of adnexal masses is feasible and safe with favorable surgical outcomes, rare short-term adverse outcomes, and a low incisional hernia rate.