HumanMETTL7BEncodes an Alkyl Thiol Methyltransferase that Methylates Hydrogen Sulfide

Summary Paragraph/Abstract Methyltransferase-like protein 7B (METTL7B) is implicated in tumor growth and progression while gene expression is upregulated in several different disease states such as rheumatoid arthritis and breast cancer. Yet, the catalytic function of METTL7B has not been characterized. Here we demonstrate that METTL7B encodes a protein that catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) to form methanethiol (CH 3 SH). Several exogenous aliphatic thiols were also identified as substrates. Modulation of METTL7B gene expression in HepG2 and HeLa cell culture directly alters the methylation of captopril, a marker reaction of alkyl thiol methyltransferase (TMT) activity(1, 2). Furthermore, cloned and recombinantly expressed and purified METTL7B full length protein methylates several thiol compounds, including hydrogen sulfide, 7α-thiospironolactone, captopril, and L-penicillamine in a concentration dependent manner. Endogenous thiols such as glutathione and cysteine or classic probe substrates of other known small molecule S -, N -, and O - methyltransferases were not substrates for METTL7B. Our results unequivocally demonstrate, and for the first time, that METTL7B, a protein implicated in several disease states, is an alkyl thiol methyltransferase(3–5). Identifying the catalytic function of METTL7B will enable future pharmacological research in disease pathophysiology where METTL7B expression and H 2 S levels can potentially alter the redox state and growth cycle of cells.