Fertility Preservation in Benign and Malignant Conditions

There are a variety of benign and malignant indications for women that may cause a patient to seek fertility preservation counseling. Several benign conditions that may lead to early infertility include endometriosis, ovarian torsion, benign ovarian cysts, and premature ovarian insufficiency, which may be a result of genetic conditions such as Turner syndrome, Fragile X premutation, or galactosemia. In addition, there are a variety of autoimmune medical conditions such as Lupus Nephritis and hematologic conditions such as sickle cell anemia and thalassemia that may require chemotherapy, radiotherapy, a combination of both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and in some instances, even bone marrow transplantation. These interventions for benign medical conditions may result in an early loss of fertility. Surgeries in the pelvis may also diminish a women's ovarian reserve and lead to issues with fertility.