Impact of Antihypertensive, Lipid-Lowering, and Antiplatelet Agents on Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Fatty Liver Disease and Diabetes

Impact of Antihypertensive, Lipid-Lowering, and Antiplatelet Agents on Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Fatty Liver Disease and Diabetes | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Impact of Antihypertensive, Lipid-Lowering, and Antiplatelet Agents on Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Fatty Liver Disease and Diabetes Hyo Jung Cho, Eunyoung Lee, Soon Sun Kim, Jae Youn Cheong This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3999320/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract We evaluated the effects of antihypertensives, lipid-lowering agents, and antiplatelet medications on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk in patients with fatty liver disease (FLD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Data on 212,443 patients with FLD and T2D, obtained from the Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, were analyzed. Cohort admission day was set as the date of the first oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) prescription. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that old age, male sex, chronic viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, liver cirrhosis, insulin use, and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) were significantly correlated with a higher HCC risk, whereas statin, ezetimibe, and fibrate use was correlated with a lower risk of HCC development. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed according to usage of statin, fibrates, and CCB. Patients who used statins (hazard ratio (HR)=0.58, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.42-0.80, P=0.001) and fibrates (HR=0.46, 95% CI=0.22-0.93, P=0.031) showed a significantly lower HCC risk even after PSM. CCB use was linked to an elevated HCC risk (HR=1.35, 95% CI=1.05-1.72, P=0.019). Statins and fibrates may offer protective effects against HCC development in patients with FLD and T2D, whereas CCBs may increase the risk. Thus, tailored medication strategies are required for the management of chronic conditions. Biological sciences/Cancer Health sciences/Endocrinology Health sciences/Gastroenterology Health sciences/Medical research Health sciences/Oncology Hepatocellular carcinoma fatty liver disease diabetes statin fibrate calcium channel blocker Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Introduction Fatty liver disease (FLD), characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the liver, is a growing concern worldwide. 1 It can progress to advanced liver diseases, including liver cirrhosis, and increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). 2 It is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and frequently occurs as a concurrent condition in patients with T2D. 3 Patients with FLD with T2D demonstrate an up to threefold higher risk of HCC than individuals without this comorbidity. 4 Additionally, the prevalence of chronic conditions such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular diseases in these patients is twice as high as that in the general population. 5 Therefore, these patients frequently require medications, such as antihypertensives, lipid-lowering agents, and antiplatelet drugs, making the long-term impact of these drugs, especially that concerning HCC development, an area of significant interest. The relationship between hypertension and hyperlipidemia medications and antiplatelet therapy with HCC incidence has been reported. Statin and aspirin use has been reported to reduce HCC development. 6,7 The association between antihypertensive medications such as angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), and HCC risk is still debated. 8,9 Additionally, research indicates that beta-blocker (BBs) use may lower HCC risk and decrease the likelihood of decompensation in patients with cirrhosis. 10,11 There are no definitive reports linking calcium channel blocker (CCBs) use with HCC, although research suggests a possible association with higher rates of certain cancers like breast and lung cancers. 12-14 The Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) database of South Korea offers valuable resources for exploring complex relationships within large patient cohorts. The comprehensive nature of medical treatments and patient histories in the HIRA database provides a unique advantage for investigating the intricate connections between medication use and cancer development. Using the HIRA database, we investigated the impact of common medications, such as antihypertensives, lipid-lowering agents, and antiplatelet drugs, on the development of HCC in patients diagnosed with FLD and diabetes. This research is intended to illuminate the long-term effects of these medications on the risk of HCC, particularly in patients with FLD and diabetes. These findings could potentially influence future management strategies for widespread chronic conditions, specifically those targeting this patient population. Results Baseline characteristics of included patients and risk factors associated with HCC occurrence in the T2D-FLD cohort We identified 212,443 patients with coexisting FLD and T2D (the FLD-T2D cohort). (Fig. 1) Baseline characteristics of the cohort are shown in Table S1. The mean age (± standard deviation) was 54.5 years (± 12.54), and 123,539 (58.6%) male patients were included. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for the included patients. (Table 1) Table 1. Univariate and Multivariate Cox regression analysis to identify risk factors associated with HCC occurrence in the FLD-T2D cohort (N=212,443) Univariate Multivariate Variables HR 95% CI P value HR 95% CI P value Age, year 1.06 1.05-1.06 <0.001 1.07 1.06-1.08 <0.001 Sex, female 2.53 2.07- 3.08 <0.001 2.72 2.21-3.34 <0.001 Charlson Comorbidity Index, 0 1 1 1 0.98 0.65-1.49 0.937 0.99 0.65-1.51 0.971 2 1.39 0.96-2.03 0.083 1.23 0.83-1.81 0.302 ≥3 1.54 1.07-2.20 0.190 1.06 0.72-1.57 0.762 Comorbidities Hypertension 1.50 1.27-1.77 <0.001 1.00 0.76-1.31 0.977 Dyslipidemia 0.66 0.55-0.78 <0.001 0.66 0.52-0.82 <0.001 Heart failure 1.57 0.98-2.50 0.062 1.04 0.64-1.71 0.867 Cerebrovascular disease 0.87 0.51-1.48 0.606 Coronary artery disease 0.97 0.56-1.69 0.920 Peripheral vascular disease 0.91 0.66-1.25 0.560 Hypothyroidism 0.78 0.46-1.30 0.339 End stage renal disease 1.29 0.48-3.45 0.610 Chronic viral hepatitis 10.18 8.23-12.59 <0.001 4.06 2.02-8.19 <0.001 Alcoholic liver disease 4.68 3.61-6.06 <0.001 3.25 2.48-4.26 <0.001 Chronic viral hepatitis B 10.38 8.15-13.22 <0.001 1.64 0.80-3.36 0.177 Chronic viral hepatitis C 11.18 7.42-16.83 <0.001 1.52 0.71-3.26 0.282 Liver cirrhosis 32.6 25.0-42.5 <0.001 8.34 6.10-11.40 <0.001 Chronic pulmonary disease 2.43 1.46-4.07 <0.001 1.36 0.81-2.29 0.251 Co-medications Statin 0.58 0.49-0.71 <0.001 0.67 0.52-0.86 0.002 Ezetimibe 0.37 0.20-0.67 0.001 0.54 0.29-1.00 0.049 Fibrate 0.40 0.22-0.73 0.002 0.47 0.26-0.86 0.015 ACEi 1.00 0.45-2.24 0.994 Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker 1.37 1.15-1.62 <0.001 1.13 0.88-1.44 0.343 Calcium channel blocker 1.65 1.37-1.97 <0.001 1.31 1.04-1.65 0.020 Beta-blocker 1.41 1.10-1.80 0.007 1.04 0.79-1.37 0.765 Aspirin 1.34 1.07-1.67 0.009 1.02 0.81-1.30 0.849 Clopidogrel 0.91 0.59-1.41 0.666 Level of antidiabetic treatment, Level 1 1 Level 2 1.09 0.76-1.57 0.637 1.10 0.76-1.59 0.605 Level 3 1.51 1.12-2.04 0.007 1.36 1.01-1.85 0.045 Concordance index = 0.824 (standard error = 0.013) HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; FLD, fatty liver disease; T2D, type 2 diabetes mellitus ; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; ACEi, angiotensine converting enzyme inhibitor. In the univariate analysis, older age, male sex, and several comorbidities including hypertension, dyslipidemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, chronic viral hepatitis B, chronic viral hepatitis C, and liver cirrhosis were significantly associated with HCC occurrence with several co-medication use. Statin, ezetimibe, and fibrate use was associated with lower HCC occurrence, whereas ARB, CCB, beta-blockers, and aspirin use was associated with a higher risk of HCC. In addition, level 3 antidiabetic treatment, i.e., insulin use with OHA after cohort entry, was also a significant variable in the univariate analysis. Furthermore, we performed a multi-variate analysis to identify independent variables associated with HCC occurrence after adjusting for the included variables. Variables with P value ≤ 0.1 in univariate analysis were entered into the multivariate analysis. Finally, we identified that older age (HR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.06-1.08, P <0.001 ), male sex (HR = 2.72, 95% CI =2.21-3.34, P <0.001 ), dyslipidemia (HR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.52-0.82, P <0.001 ), chronic viral hepatitis (HR = 4.06, 95% CI = 2.02-8.19, P <0.001 ), alcoholic liver disease (HR = 3.25, 95% CI = 2.48-4.26, P <0.001 ), liver cirrhosis (HR = 8.34, 95% CI = 6.10-11.40, P <0.001 ), and level 3 antidiabetic treatment (HR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.01-1.85, P = 0.045), were independent risk factors for HCC in this cohort. In terms of co-medications, the use of statins (HR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.52-0.86, P = 0.002 ), ezetimibe (HR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.29-1.00, P = 0.049), and fibrates (HR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.26-0.86, P <0.001 ) was associated with a lower risk of HCC occurrence, whereas the use of CCB (HR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.04-1.65, P = 0.020) was associated with a higher risk of HCC. Impact of statin, fibrate, ezetimibe, and CCB on HCC occurrence in the PS-matched cohort To ensure an accurate analysis of the impact of each drug, we divided the cohort based on the use of statins, fibrates, ezetimibe, and CCBs. (Fig. 1) To control for confounding variables, PS matching was applied to ensure an aSMD of <0.1 between the drug user and non-user groups. Tables 2, 3, 4 and 5 show the comprehensive baseline characteristics of the drug user and non-user groups in each cohort pre- and post-PS matching. Table 2. Baseline characteristics of pre- and post-PS matched cohort divided according to statin use Pre-PS matched cohort (N=212,443) Post-PS matched cohort (N=72,714) characteristics Statin users (N= 86,976) Statin non-users (N= 125,467) aSMD Statin users (N=36,357) Statin non-users (N=36,357) aSMD Age, years (mean ± SD) 58.81 (10.77) 51.52 (12.80) 0.617 55.16 (10.85) 54.95 (11.72) 0.019 Sex, male, n (%) 44,372 (51.0) 80,167 (63.9) 0. 263 20953 (57.6) 20840 (57.3) 0.006 Index year 2015 9900 (11.4) 18563 (14.8) 0.154 4778 (13.1) 4753 (13.1) 0.015 2016 12458 (14.3) 21079 (16.8) 5806 (16.0) 5897 (16.2) 2017 13952 (16.0) 20792 (16.6) 6013 (16.5) 5949 (16.4) 2018 14865 (17.1) 20953 (16.7) 6119 (16.8) 6068 (16.7) 2019 17280 (19.9) 22425 (17.9) 6919 (19.0) 6811 (18.7) 2020 18521 (21.3) 21655 (17.3) 6722 (18.5) 6879 (18.9) Charlson Comorbidity Index 0 988 (1.1) 15879 (12.7) 0.651 489 (1.3) 477 (1.3) 0.011 1 9940 (11.4) 26411 (21.1) 4344 (11.9) 4420 (12.2) 2 22501 (25.9) 37402 (29.8) 10958 (30.1) 11073 (30.5) <=3 53547 (61.6) 45775 (36.5) 20566 (56.6) 20387 (56.1) Comorbidities Hypertension 58451 (67.2) 39382 (31.4) 0.767 18921 (52.0) 18564 (51.1) 0.02 Dyslipidemia 85805 (98.7) 41067 (32.7) 1.929 35295 (97.1) 35380 (97.3) 0.014 Heart failure 3792 (4.4) 1315 (1.0) 0.205 844 (2.3) 726 (2.0) 0.022 Cerebrovascular disease 4335 (5.0) 1929 (1.5) 0.195 1073 (3.0) 990 (2.7) 0.014 Coronary artery disease 4239 (4.9) 852 (0.7) 0.257 690 (1.9) 561 (1.5) 0.027 Peripheral vascular disease 11378 (13.1) 6969 (5.6) 0.261 3557 (9.8) 3359 (9.2) 0.019 Hypothyroidism 4911 (5.6) 2959 (2.4) 0.168 1793 (4.9) 1771 (4.9) 0.003 Obesity or overweight 230 (0.3) 286 (0.2) 0.007 106 (0.3) 111 (0.3) 0.003 Chronic kidney disease 994 (1.1) 358 (0.3) 0.102 251 (0.7) 232 (0.6) 0.006 End stage renal disease 992 (1.1) 358 (0.3) 0.102 251 (0.7) 232 (0.6) 0.006 Chronic viral hepatitis 2123 (2.4) 2813 (2.2) 0.013 1109 (3.1) 1129 (3.1) 0.003 Alcoholic liver disease 2837 (3.3) 3312 (2.6) 0.037 1523 (4.2) 1495 (4.1) 0.004 Primary biliary cholangitis 61 (0.1) 38 (0.0) 0.018 25 (0.1) 15 (0.0) 0.012 Chronic viral hepatitis B 1417 (1.6) 1987 (1.6) 0.004 782 (2.2) 746 (2.1) 0.007 Chronic viral hepatitis C 347 (0.4) 487 (0.4) 0.002 161 (0.4) 212 (0.6) 0.02 Liver cirrhosis 321 (0.4) 677 (0.5) 0.025 197 (0.5) 200 (0.6) 0.001 Chronic respiratory disease 1329 (1.5) 1053 (0.8) 0.064 423 (1.2) 466 (1.3) 0.011 Co-medications, Aspirin 19719 (22.7) 6899 (5.5) 0.509 4008 (11.0) 3528 (9.7) 0.043 Clopidogrel 8191 (9.4) 1310 (1.0) 0.383 1068 (2.9) 775 (2.1) 0.051 Antiplatelet, others 6019 (6.9) 2286 (1.8) 0.251 1378 (3.8) 1178 (3.2) 0.03 Ezetimibe 16218 (18.6) 115 (0.1) 0.672 294 (0.8) 115 (0.3) 0.066 Fibrates 7537 (8.7) 5224 (4.2) 0.185 4291 (11.8) 4292 (11.8) <0.001 Omega3 581 (0.7) 115 (0.1) 0.094 272 (0.7) 104 (0.3) 0.064 ACEi 1582 (1.8) 490 (0.4) 0.137 284 (0.8) 244 (0.7) 0.013 ARB 42654 (49.0) 26206 (20.9) 0.618 12987 (35.7) 12530 (34.5) 0.026 Calcium channel blocker 28620 (32.9) 19502 (15.5) 0.414 9124 (25.1) 8866 (24.4) 0.016 Beta blocker 13648 (15.7) 7108 (5.7) 0.329 3513 (9.7) 3293 (9.1) 0.021 Level of antidiabetic treatment Level I 78055 (89.7) 106339 (84.8) 0.159 32383 (89.1) 32380 (89.1) 0.003 Level II 3302 (3.8) 8544 (6.8) 1649 (4.5) 1635 (4.5) Level III 5619 (6.5) 10584 (8.4) 2325 (6.4) 2342 (6.4) PS, propensity score; aSMD, absolute standardized mean difference; ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker. Table 3. Baseline characteristics of pre- and post-PS matched cohort divided according to fibrate use Pre-PS matched cohort (N=212,443) Post-PS matched cohort (N=25,518) characteristics Fibrate users (N= 12,761) Fibrate non-users (N= 199,682) aSMD Fibrate users (N= 12,759) Fibrate non-users (N= 12,759) aSMD Age, years (mean +/- SD) 54.48 (10.90) 54.50 (12.63) 0.002 54.49 (10.90) 54.27 (12.54) 0.019 Sex, male, n (%) 8728 (68.4) 115811 (58.0) 0.217 8726 (68.4) 8572 (67.2) 0.026 Index year 2015 823 (6.4) 27640 (13.8) 0.319 823 (6.5) 883 (6.9) 0.022 2016 1515 (11.9) 32022 (16.0) 1515 (11.9) 1491 (11.7) 2017 2006 (15.7) 32738 (16.4) 2006 (15.7) 1979 (15.5) 2018 2294 (18.0) 33524 (16.8) 2294 (18.0) 2247 (17.6) 2019 2787 (21.8) 36918 (18.5) 2787 (21.8) 2808 (22.0) 2020 3336 (26.1) 36840 (18.4) 3334 (26.1) 3351 (26.3) Charlson Comorbidity Index 0 169 (1.3) 16698 (8.4) 0.379 169 (1.3) 165 (1.3) 0.013 1 1599 (12.5) 34752 (17.4) 1599 (12.5) 1626 (12.7) 2 3825 (30.0) 56078 (28.1) 3823 (30.0) 3877 (30.4) ≥3 7168 (56.2) 92154 (46.2) 7168 (56.2) 7091 (55.6) Comorbidities Hypertension 8312 (65.1) 89521 (44.8) 0.417 8310 (65.1) 8346 (65.4) 0.006 Dyslipidemia 12662 (99.2) 114210 (57.2) 1.183 12660 (99.2) 12660 (99.2) <0.001 Heart failure 391 (3.1) 4716 (2.4) 0.043 391 (3.1) 452 (3.5) 0.027 Cerebrovascular disease 413 (3.2) 5851 (2.9) 0.018 413 (3.2) 473 (3.7) 0.026 Coronary artery disease 307 (2.4) 4784 (2.4) 0.001 307 (2.4) 479 (3.8) 0.078 Peripheral vascular disease 1472 (11.5) 16875 (8.5) 0.103 1472 (11.5) 1406 (11.0) 0.016 Hypothyroidism 628 (4.9) 7242 (3.6) 0.064 628 (4.9) 610 (4.8) 0.007 Obesity or overweight 31 (0.2) 485 (0.2) <0.001 31 (0.2) 44 (0.3) 0.019 Chronic kidney disease 151 (1.2) 1201 (0.6) 0.062 151 (1.2) 165 (1.3) 0.01 End stage renal disease 150 (1.2) 1200 (0.6) 0.061 150 (1.2) 165 (1.3) 0.011 Chronic viral hepatitis 284 (2.2) 4652 (2.3) 0.007 284 (2.2) 313 (2.5) 0.015 Alcoholic liver disease 708 (5.5) 5441 (2.7) 0.142 707 (5.5) 698 (5.5) 0.003 Primary biliary cholangitis 14 (0.1) 85 (0.0) 0.024 14 (0.1) 11 (0.1) 0.008 Chronic viral hepatitis B 178 (1.4) 3226 (1.6) 0.018 178 (1.4) 216 (1.7) 0.024 Chronic viral hepatitis C 42 (0.3) 792 (0.4) 0.011 42 (0.3) 48 (0.4) 0.008 Liver cirrhosis 57 (0.4) 941 (0.5) 0.004 57 (0.4) 64 (0.5) 0.008 Chronic respiratory disease 148 (1.2) 2234 (1.1) 0.004 148 (1.2) 172 (1.3) 0.017 Co-medications, Aspirin 2173 (17.0) 24445 (12.2) 0.136 2173 (17.0) 2150 (16.9) 0.005 Clopidogrel 685 (5.4) 8816 (4.4) 0.044 685 (5.4) 836 (6.6) 0.05 Antiplatelet, others 680 (5.3) 7625 (3.8) 0.072 680 (5.3) 666 (5.2) 0.005 Ezetimibe 1563 (12.2) 14770 (7.4) 0.164 1563 (12.3) 1540 (12.1) 0.006 Statin 7537 (59.1) 79439 (39.8) 0.393 7537 (59.1) 7492 (58.7) 0.007 Omega3 117 (0.9) 579 (0.3) 0.081 117 (0.9) 86 (0.7) 0.027 ACEi 153 (1.2) 1919 (1.0) 0.023 153 (1.2) 148 (1.2) 0.004 ARB 6631 (52.0) 62229 (31.2) 0.432 6629 (52.0) 6616 (51.9) 0.002 Calcium channel blocker 4494 (35.2) 43628 (21.8) 0.299 4492 (35.2) 4459 (34.9) 0.005 Beta blocker 1866 (14.6) 18890 (9.5) 0.159 1865 (14.6) 1890 (14.8) 0.006 Level of antidiabetic treatment Level I 11399 (89.3) 172995 (86.6) 0.083 11397 (89.3) 11368 (89.1) 0.008 Level II 558 (4.4) 11288 (5.7) 558 (4.4) 577 (4.5) Level III 804 (6.3) 15399 (7.7) 804 (6.3) 814 (6.4) PS, propensity score; aSMD, absolute standardized mean difference; ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker. Table 4. Baseline characteristics of pre- and post-PS matched cohorts divided according to ezetimibe use Pre-PS matched cohort (N=212,443) Post-PS matched cohort (N=32,656) characteristics Ezetimibe users (N= 16,333) Ezetimibe non-users (N= 196,110) aSMD Ezetimibe users (N= 16,328) Ezetimibe non-users (N= 16,328) aSMD Age, years (mean +/- SD) 57.32 (10.84) 54.27 (12.64) 0.259 57.33 (10.83) 57.31 (11.22) 0.002 Sex, male, n (%) 8756 (53.6) 115783 (59.0) 0.11 8753 (53.6) 8704 (53.3) 0.006 Index year 2015 662 (4.1) 27801 (14.2) 0.553 662 (4.1) 713 (4.4) 0.017 2016 1170 (7.2) 32367 (16.5) 1170 (7.2) 1175 (7.2) 2017 2301 (14.1) 32443 (16.5) 2301 (14.1) 2261 (13.8) 2018 3002 (18.4) 32816 (16.7) 3002 (18.4) 2991 (18.3) 2019 4182 (25.6) 35523 (18.1) 4182 (25.6) 4201 (25.7) 2020 5016 (30.7) 35160 (17.9) 5011 (30.7) 4987 (30.5) Charlson Comorbidity Index 0 203 (1.2) 16664 (8.5) 0.444 203 (1.2) 215 (1.3) 0.011 1 1774 (10.9) 34577 (17.6) 1772 (10.9) 1807 (11.1) 2 4341 (26.6) 55562 (28.3) 4340 (26.6) 4361 (26.7) ≥3 10015 (61.3) 89307 (45.5) 10013 (61.3) 9945 (60.9) Comorbidities Hypertension 10274 (62.9) 87559 (44.6) 0.372 10273 (62.9) 10290 (63.0) 0.002 Dyslipidemia 16131 (98.8) 110741 (56.5) 1.178 16126 (98.8) 16124 (98.8) 0.001 Heart failure 719 (4.4) 4388 (2.2) 0.121 719 (4.4) 705 (4.3) 0.004 Cerebrovascular disease 834 (5.1) 5430 (2.8) 0.12 834 (5.1) 857 (5.2) 0.006 Coronary artery disease 877 (5.4) 4214 (2.1) 0.17 876 (5.4) 848 (5.2) 0.008 Peripheral vascular disease 2135 (13.1) 16212 (8.3) 0.156 2135 (13.1) 2103 (12.9) 0.006 Hypothyroidism 994 (6.1) 6876 (3.5) 0.121 993 (6.1) 990 (6.1) 0.001 Obesity or overweight 54 (0.3) 462 (0.2) 0.018 54 (0.3) 41 (0.3) 0.015 Chronic kidney disease 218 (1.3) 1134 (0.6) 0.078 217 (1.3) 209 (1.3) 0.004 End stage renal disease 217 (1.3) 1133 (0.6) 0.077 216 (1.3) 209 (1.3) 0.004 Chronic viral hepatitis 421 (2.6) 4515 (2.3) 0.018 421 (2.6) 431 (2.6) 0.004 Alcoholic liver disease 616 (3.8) 5533 (2.8) 0.053 614 (3.8) 638 (3.9) 0.008 Primary biliary cholangitis 18 (0.1) 81 (0.0) 0.025 18 (0.1) 19 (0.1) 0.002 Chronic viral hepatitis B 267 (1.6) 3137 (1.6) 0.003 267 (1.6) 309 (1.9) 0.02 Chronic viral hepatitis C 63 (0.4) 771 (0.4) 0.001 63 (0.4) 57 (0.3) 0.006 Liver cirrhosis 61 (0.4) 937 (0.5) 0.016 61 (0.4) 51 (0.3) 0.01 Chronic respiratory disease 234 (1.4) 2148 (1.1) 0.03 234 (1.4) 216 (1.3) 0.009 Co-medications, Aspirin 3263 (20.0) 23355 (11.9) 0.222 3262 (20.0) 3198 (19.6) 0.01 Clopidogrel 1773 (10.9) 7728 (3.9) 0.267 1771 (10.8) 1705 (10.4) 0.013 Antiplatelet, others 1117 (6.8) 7188 (3.7) 0.143 1117 (6.8) 1141 (7.0) 0.006 Statin 16218 (99.3) 70758 (36.1) 1.834 16213 (99.3) 16213 (99.3) <0.001 Fibrate 1563 (9.6) 11198 (5.7) 0.146 1562 (9.6) 1522 (9.3) 0.008 Omega3 108 (0.7) 588 (0.3) 0.052 107 (0.7) 172 (1.1) 0.043 ACEi 277 (1.7) 1795 (0.9) 0.069 277 (1.7) 287 (1.8) 0.005 ARB 7947 (48.7) 60913 (31.1) 0.365 7943 (48.6) 7935 (48.6) 0.001 Calcium channel blocker 5406 (33.1) 42716 (21.8) 0.256 5402 (33.1) 5404 (33.1) <0.001 Beta blocker 2611 (16.0) 18145 (9.3) 0.204 2611 (16.0) 2539 (15.5) 0.012 Level of antidiabetic treatment Level I 14601 (89.4) 169793 (86.6) 0.097 14596 (89.4) 14588 (89.3) 0.003 Level II 632 (3.9) 11214 (5.7) 632 (3.9) 629 (3.9) Level III 1100 (6.7) 15103 (7.7) 1100 (6.7) 1111 (6.8) PS, propensity score; aSMD, absolute standardized mean difference; ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker. Table 5. Baseline characteristics of pre- and post-PS matched cohorts divided according to CCB use Pre-PS matched cohort (N=212,443) Post-PS matched cohort (N=83,084) characteristics CCB users (N= 48,122) CCB non-users (N=164,321) aSMD CCB users (N= 41,542) CCB non-users (N= 41,542) aSMD Age, years (mean +/- SD) 59.17 (11.05) 53.14 (12.62) 0.509 59.15 (11.12) 59.21 (10.86) 0.005 Sex, male, n (%) 27597 (57.3) 96942 (59.0) 0.033 23030 (55.4) 22474 (54.1) 0.027 Index year 2015 5699 (11.8) 22764 (13.9) 0.097 5236 (12.6) 5455 (13.1) 0.026 2016 7080 (14.7) 26457 (16.1) 6283 (15.1) 6501 (15.6) 2017 7586 (15.8) 27158 (16.5) 6660 (16.0) 6711 (16.2) 2018 8240 (17.1) 27578 (16.8) 6980 (16.8) 6876 (16.6) 2019 9365 (19.5) 30340 (18.5) 7979 (19.2) 7839 (18.9) 2020 10152 (21.1) 30024 (18.3) 8404 (20.2) 8160 (19.6) Charlson Comorbidity Index 0 1361 (2.8) 15506 (9.4) 0.359 1074 (2.6) 949 (2.3) 0.022 1 6328 (13.1) 30023 (18.3) 5280 (12.7) 5220 (12.6) 2 12935 (26.9) 46968 (28.6) 10840 (26.1) 10728 (25.8) ≥3 27498 (57.1) 71824 (43.7) 24348 (58.6) 24645 (59.3) Comorbidities Hypertension 47862 (99.5) 49971 (30.4) 2.096 41282 (99.4) 41282 (99.4) <0.001 Dyslipidemia 37125 (77.1) 89747 (54.6) 0.489 32497 (78.2) 32708 (78.7) 0.012 Heart failure 1719 (3.6) 3388 (2.1) 0.091 1678 (4.0) 1681 (4.0) <0.001 Cerebrovascular disease 2473 (5.1) 3791 (2.3) 0.15 2129 (5.1) 2030 (4.9) 0.011 Coronary artery disease 1709 (3.6) 3382 (2.1) 0.091 1649 (4.0) 1671 (4.0) 0.003 Peripheral vascular disease 6991 (14.5) 11356 (6.9) 0.248 5827 (14.0) 5689 (13.7) 0.01 Hypothyroidism 2073 (4.3) 5797 (3.5) 0.04 1909 (4.6) 1991 (4.8) 0.009 Obesity or overweight 133 (0.3) 383 (0.2) 0.009 118 (0.3) 111 (0.3) 0.003 Chronic kidney disease 538 (1.1) 814 (0.5) 0.07 491 (1.2) 505 (1.2) 0.003 End stage renal disease 537 (1.1) 813 (0.5) 0.07 490 (1.2) 504 (1.2) 0.003 Chronic viral hepatitis 1282 (2.7) 3654 (2.2) 0.029 1120 (2.7) 1126 (2.7) 0.001 Alcoholic liver disease 1856 (3.9) 4293 (2.6) 0.07 1544 (3.7) 1506 (3.6) 0.005 Primary biliary cholangitis 26 (0.1) 73 (0.0) 0.004 25 (0.1) 23 (0.1) 0.002 Chronic viral hepatitis B 833 (1.7) 2571 (1.6) 0.013 718 (1.7) 735 (1.8) 0.003 Chronic viral hepatitis C 262 (0.5) 572 (0.3) 0.029 236 (0.6) 211 (0.5) 0.008 Liver cirrhosis 242 (0.5) 756 (0.5) 0.006 223 (0.5) 227 (0.5) 0.001 Chronic respiratory disease 740 (1.5) 1642 (1.0) 0.048 661 (1.6) 681 (1.6) 0.004 Co-medications, Aspirin 11672 (24.3) 14946 (9.1) 0.415 9894 (23.8) 9696 (23.3) 0.011 Clopidogrel 3690 (7.7) 5811 (3.5) 0.18 3318 (8.0) 3260 (7.8) 0.005 Antiplatelet, others 3132 (6.5) 5173 (3.1) 0.157 2714 (6.5) 2750 (6.6) 0.003 Statin 28620 (59.5) 58356 (35.5) 0.494 24973 (60.1) 25301 (60.9) 0.016 Ezetimibe 5406 (11.2) 10927 (6.6) 0.161 4482 (10.8) 4340 (10.4) 0.011 Fibrate 4494 (9.3) 8267 (5.0) 0.167 3611 (8.7) 3498 (8.4) 0.01 Omega3 269 (0.6) 427 (0.3) 0.047 219 (0.5) 183 (0.4) 0.012 ACEi 599 (1.2) 1473 (0.9) 0.034 594 (1.4) 540 (1.3) 0.011 ARB 37535 (78.0) 31325 (19.1) 1.46 30959 (74.5) 30675 (73.8) 0.016 Beta blocker 8487 (17.6) 12269 (7.5) 0.311 7423 (17.9) 7452 (17.9) 0.002 Level of antidiabetic treatment Level I 42708 (88.7) 141686 (86.2) 0.082 36852 (88.7) 36916 (88.9) 0.007 Level II 2109 (4.4) 9737 (5.9) 1786 (4.3) 1731 (4.2) Level III 3305 (6.9) 12898 (7.8) 2904 (7.0) 2895 (7.0) PS, propensity score; aSMD, absolute standardized mean difference; ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; CCB, calcium channel blocker. Before PS matching, notable disparities were observed between the groups in each cohort, whereas the PS-matched cohort had normalized mean differences, achieving an aSMD <0.1 for all variables, indicative of an exceptional equilibrium among covariates. This outcome highlighted the effectiveness of the matching procedure in ensuring group comparability for further analysis. Table S2, S3, S4, and S5 and Fig S1 demonstrate the successful adjustment of covariate differences between the groups following PS matching in each subgroup. Fig. 2 shows a comparison of the Kaplan–Meier curves between subgroups divided according to specific drug usage in the post PS-matched cohorts. As a result, we identified that patients who were used statins (HR = 0.58, 95% CI= 0.42-0.80, P < 0.001) and fibrates (HR = 0.46, 95% CI= 0.22-0.93, P = 0.031) had lower risks of HCC compared to non-users, whereas CCB users (HR = 1.35, 95% CI= 1.05-1.72, P = 0.019) showed a higher risk of HCC compared to non-users in each post-PS matched cohort. However, the ezetimibe users and non-users did not show any statistical differences (HR = 0.58, 95% CI= 0.14-2.44, P = 0.46). Discussion We explored the effects of widely used medications like antihypertensives, lipid-lowering agents, and antiplatelet drugs, on the development of HCC in patients with FLD and T2D by utilizing extensive healthcare data from Korea's HIRA Service. Among the antidyslipidemic agents, statin and fibrate use significantly lowered the incidence of HCC, whereas ezetimibe and omoega3 use showed no significant impact in this population. Among the antihypertensive agents, CCB use exhibited an elevated risk of developing HCC, whereas no other antihypertensive agent use was significantly associated with the incidence of HCC in the FLD-T2D cohort. These insights have the potential to shape future treatment strategies for these prevalent chronic conditions, with a focus on specific patient demographics. Statins, also known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, are well established for managing lipid levels and reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. 15 Recently, their role in cancer research has gained attention, particularly for their potential anti-cancer effects. 16 Although the exact mechanisms underlying their anticancer properties are not fully understood, studies have suggested that statins modulate key cancer-related pathways, inhibiting cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. 17 Numerous clinical studies have linked statin use to reduced cancer incidence, lower local recurrence rates, and improved survival outcomes. 18,19 Specifically, statins have been noted for their protective effects in preventing HCC in individuals with chronic liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis B and C, fatty liver, and cirrhosis. 20,21 In patients with FLD and T2D, the use of statins was associated with a 42% reduction in the risk of HCC occurrence compared with non-use. This aligns with prior evidence of the potential benefits of statins beyond their primary use in lipid lowering and cardiovascular disease prevention. In addition to statin use, our study demonstrated that fibrate use in the FLD-T2D cohort was associated with a 54% reduced risk of HCC occurrence. Fibrates, which are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonists, play a critical role in regulating lipid metabolism and energy balance. 22 Fibrates are effective in lowering triglyceride levels and can sometimes increase high-density lipoprotein levels. Previous pre-clinical studies have shown that fibrates exhibit their anti-cancer effect by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway and downregulating vascular endothelial growth factor-effector proteins in various cancers, including HCC. 23 However, clinical studies evaluating the antitumor efficacy of fibrates are limited and have yielded controversial results. Lee et al. 24 reported decreased HCC mortality with fibrate (or statin) use in geriatric patients. Furthermore, Li et al. 25 reported that fibrate use had a significant protective effect against liver cancer in Taiwan. The hypothesis that statins and fibrates, which are primarily metabolized in the liver, exert a protective effect against liver diseases and HCC by directly affecting fat metabolism in a liver burdened with excessive fat is plausible. However, to date, no studies have investigated this in FLD or diabetes mellitus cohorts. Our study is significant, as it represents the first substantial cohort study to demonstrate a link between fibrate medication use and the reduced incidence of HCC in patients with FLD and T2D. CCB use was associated with an increased risk of HCC. As transmembrane calcium signals are critical for cell differentiation and apoptosis, which are pivotal in restraining cancer cell growth, it has been theorized that CCBs could potentially promote cancer progression by disrupting these calcium-dependent pathways. 26 However, the correlation between CCBs use and the incidence of cancer remains controversial. Various studies have reported a positive correlation between CCBs use and the incidence of several cancers, whereas others have reported no significant association. 27-29 Several studies have shown that several types of antihypertensive agents, such as ACEi, ARBs, and BB, are associated with the reduced risk of HCC. 8,10,30 In the present study, there was no statistical correlation between the use of these drugs and HCC incidence, whereas CCB use was significantly associated with increased HCC risk in the patients with FLD and T2D. The retrospective nature of our study necessitates careful interpretation. One limitation is the unavailability of detailed patient data such as blood test reports, body measurements, and alcohol consumption history in the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service dataset. Despite these constraints, our study leveraged extensive data to analyze the incidence of HCC and the associated risks of medication use in a specific disease cohort. Our study highlights the influence of common medications, such as antihypertensives, lipid-lowering agents, and antiplatelet drugs, on the development of HCC in patients with FLD and diabetes. We found that statin and fibrate use was associated with a reduced risk of HCC development. However, CCB use was associated with an increased risk of HCC, particularly after PS matching analysis. These insights may inform future treatment strategies for managing chronic conditions in patients with diabetes and FLD. Methods Data source and study design Our analysis was based on HIRA research data (M20230419005) sourced from the Republic of Korea's HIRA database, spanning from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2021. This dataset offers an extensive range of data encompassing both inpatient and outpatient medical records. It includes comprehensive details, such as drug prescriptions, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and primary and secondary diagnosis codes. This was a nationwide retrospective comparative cohort study. Patient data were extracted based on the following criteria: a concurrent diagnosis of FLD and T2D during the observation period and a treatment regimen that included one to three oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs). Patients who met the following criteria were excluded: patients with a history of cancer, those who had undergone liver transplantation either before joining the cohort or within the first year, and those who had any history of use of OHAs or insulin treatment before cohort entry. Additionally, patients in the index year 2014 were excluded owing to an insufficient baseline observation period, and those in the 2021 cohort were omitted owing to insufficient follow-up data. The day of admission, i.e., the index date, was determined based on the date of the first OHA prescription. We analyzed baseline characteristics such as patient age at entry, sex, antidiabetic treatment administered, existing comorbidities, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score, and medications prescribed in the year before cohort entry. In the context of South Korea's healthcare system, OHA prescriptions are determined based on HbA1c levels according to the criteria of the National Health Insurance Service, which reflect the status of glycemic control. Consequently, patients were classified based on their prescribed treatment regimen 90 days after cohort admission to reflect their glycemic control status at the time of entry. These categories included level 1 (one or two OHAs), level 2 (three OHAs without insulin), and level 3 (a combination of insulin and OHAs). Cohort definition and statistical analysis Baseline characteristics such as age, sex, level of antidiabetic treatment, existing comorbidities, CCI score, and concurrent medication usage were evaluated using descriptive statistical methods. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to derive hazard ratios [HR] and 95% confidence intervals [CI] for the development of malignancies, considering factors such as sex, age, comorbid conditions, and medication history. The multivariate analysis was performed for variables with P -value < 0.1 in the univariate analysis. The entire cohort was divided according to the use of specific drugs, including statins, fibrates, CCB, and ezetimibe. (Fig. 1) We named this cohort the FLD-T2D-drug cohort as we divided the entire cohort according to drug usage. To identify differences in the baseline characteristics between groups that were divided by drug use, we calculated the absolute standardized mean difference (aSMD) with a minimum threshold of 0.1. Thereafter, propensity score (PS) matching was performed in each cohort using logistic regression of variables with aSMD > 0.1 or clinically important variables for each drug cohort. After PS matching, we performed a Kaplan–Meier analysis and log-rank tests to compare the risk of HCC occurrence between the user and non-user groups. All analyses were performed using SAS software version 8.1 (SAS Institute, Inc.) and R version 3.5.1. Declarations Acknowledgements: None Author Contributions Concept and design: Jae Youn Cheong, Hyo Jung Cho; Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: Hyo Jung Cho, Eunyoung Lee; Drafting of the manuscript: Hyo Jung Cho; Critical review of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Soon Sun Kim; Statistical analysis: Hyo Jung Cho, Eunyoung Lee; Supervision: Soon Sun Kim; Obtained funding: Jae Youn Cheong, Hyo Jung Cho Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are available from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) of South Korea but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study, and so are not publicly available. Data are however available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) of South Korea Funding Statement This research was supported by a grant of the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (HR22C1734, HR21C1003, HI23C0901), and National IT Industry Promotion Agency (NIPA) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. S0252-21-1001) Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics Approval Statement This study was performed according to the Declaration of Helsinki (as revised in Brazil 2013), and it was approved by the Ajou University Institutional Review Board (AJOUIRB-EX-2023-179). 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Rotshild V, Azoulay L, Zarifeh M et al. The risk for lung cancer incidence with calcium channel blockers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Drug Saf. 2018; 41 : 555-64. Cao L, Zhang S, Jia CM et al. Antihypertensive drugs use and the risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis of 21 observational studies. BMC Urol. 2018; 18 : 17. Ho CM, Lee CH, Lee MC et al. Comparative effectiveness of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers in chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma: a nationwide high-risk cohort study. BMC Cancer 2018; 18 : 401. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3999320","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":279689760,"identity":"eacaebf1-e5d6-4a0e-bc4f-67847dae56fc","order_by":0,"name":"Hyo Jung Cho","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Ajou University School of Medicine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hyo","middleName":"Jung","lastName":"Cho","suffix":""},{"id":279689761,"identity":"8b0f377e-9a4f-4afa-a1ce-3faee08586b0","order_by":1,"name":"Eunyoung Lee","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"McGovern Medical School at UTHealth","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Eunyoung","middleName":"","lastName":"Lee","suffix":""},{"id":279689763,"identity":"67190dcf-6335-47c6-9465-5af5c90a796f","order_by":2,"name":"Soon Sun Kim","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Ajou University School of Medicine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Soon","middleName":"Sun","lastName":"Kim","suffix":""},{"id":279689766,"identity":"03c796a9-ae57-4fe6-9111-21512b37671a","order_by":3,"name":"Jae Youn Cheong","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA5klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACxgYILcfPzHwASEvIEK3FWLK9LQGkhYdo2xINzpwxADEIa2FuP3xM4mPbnQSGGzmfX92oseBhYD98dANeh/WkpUnObHuWxzgjd5t1zjGgw3jS0m7g1dKQYybN23a4mFkid5txDhtQiwSPGX4t/e+/gbQktknkPDPO+UeMlhk5bGAtPTxnmB/nthGl5Zmx5Yxzh40l2NvMmHP7JHjYCPnFsD/54Y0PZYfl7A8zP/6c861Ojp/98DH8WhoYWCSgbDYwgw2fchCQB0bNBygbzhgFo2AUjIJRgAIA/+JJYcc2oawAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Ajou University School of Medicine","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jae","middleName":"Youn","lastName":"Cheong","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-02-29 10:17:05","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3999320/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3999320/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":52786998,"identity":"5552de85-a4a1-433a-b13a-2499f6815d96","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-15 18:55:35","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":433240,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eFlowchart illustrating the formation of the study cohort\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3999320/v1/54ad5dc3fa2d427ebd6be040.png"},{"id":52787002,"identity":"83cc6cf1-5cec-46ca-a675-46e9baf4b29f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-15 18:55:36","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":299454,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eComparison of Kaplan–Meier curves of HCC occurrence according to each drug exposure in the PS-matched cohorts (a) Comparison between stain users and non-users (b) Comparison between fibrate users and non-users (c) Comparison between ezetimibe users and non-users (d) Comparison between CCB users and non-users\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; CCB, calcium channel blocker; PS, propensity score.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3999320/v1/0125bda36ed10cad2b31fffa.png"},{"id":66302520,"identity":"43888a6e-3d2c-4772-91e8-914752a64851","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-10-10 06:32:10","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1978413,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3999320/v1/61e3888d-5b92-454b-846f-dd03b73b4853.pdf"},{"id":52786913,"identity":"69b0f0f5-0334-407c-a169-cc3d93dc512d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-15 18:55:22","extension":"docx","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":414290,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SupplementarymaterialsT2DFLD.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3999320/v1/0b65d51a04a6a9d367c18363.docx"},{"id":52786915,"identity":"00b3ec71-c663-4257-9c65-41323787e5ce","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-15 18:55:23","extension":"tif","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":4158948,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Supplementaryfigure1.tif","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3999320/v1/180cfa1fc7595b55aace6e95.tif"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Impact of Antihypertensive, Lipid-Lowering, and Antiplatelet Agents on Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Fatty Liver Disease and Diabetes","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eFatty liver disease (FLD), characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the liver, is a growing concern worldwide.\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e It can progress to advanced liver diseases,\u0026nbsp;including liver cirrhosis, and increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e It is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and frequently occurs as a concurrent condition in patients with T2D.\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e Patients with FLD with\u0026nbsp;T2D demonstrate an up to threefold higher risk of HCC than individuals without this comorbidity.\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e Additionally, the prevalence of chronic conditions such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular diseases in these patients is twice as high as\u0026nbsp;that in the general population.\u003csup\u003e5\u003c/sup\u003e Therefore, these patients frequently require medications, such as antihypertensives, lipid-lowering agents, and antiplatelet drugs, making the long-term impact of these drugs, especially that concerning HCC development, an area of significant interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe relationship between hypertension and hyperlipidemia medications and antiplatelet therapy with HCC incidence has been reported. Statin and aspirin use has been reported to reduce HCC development.\u003csup\u003e6,7\u003c/sup\u003e The association between antihypertensive medications such as angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), and HCC risk is still debated.\u003csup\u003e8,9\u003c/sup\u003e Additionally, research indicates that beta-blocker (BBs) use may lower HCC risk and decrease the likelihood of decompensation in patients with cirrhosis.\u003csup\u003e10,11\u003c/sup\u003e There are no definitive reports linking calcium channel blocker (CCBs) use with HCC, although research suggests a possible association with higher rates of certain cancers like breast and lung cancers.\u003csup\u003e12-14\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe\u0026nbsp;Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) database of South Korea offers\u0026nbsp;valuable resources for exploring complex relationships within\u0026nbsp;large patient cohorts. The comprehensive nature of medical treatments and patient histories\u0026nbsp;in the HIRA database provides a unique advantage for investigating the intricate connections between medication use and cancer development.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsing the HIRA database, we investigated the impact of common medications,\u0026nbsp;such as antihypertensives, lipid-lowering agents, and antiplatelet drugs,\u0026nbsp;on the development of HCC in patients diagnosed with FLD and diabetes. This research is intended to illuminate the long-term effects of these medications on the risk of HCC, particularly in patients with FLD and diabetes. These findings could potentially influence future management strategies for\u0026nbsp;widespread chronic conditions, specifically those targeting this patient population.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eBaseline characteristics of included patients and risk factors associated with HCC occurrence in the T2D-FLD cohort\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe identified 212,443 patients with coexisting FLD and T2D (the FLD-T2D cohort). (Fig. 1)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBaseline characteristics of the cohort are shown in Table S1. The mean age (\u0026plusmn; standard deviation) was 54.5 years (\u0026plusmn; 12.54), and 123,539 (58.6%) male patients were included. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for the included patients. (Table 1)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 1.\u003c/strong\u003e Univariate and Multivariate Cox regression analysis to identify risk factors associated with HCC occurrence in the FLD-T2D cohort (N=212,443)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"680\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.558823529411764%\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnivariate\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.147058823529413%\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMultivariate\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e Variables\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e value\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e value\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge, year\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.05-1.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.06-1.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSex, female\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.07-\u0026nbsp;3.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.21-3.34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCharlson Comorbidity Index, 0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.65-1.49\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.937\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.99\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.65-1.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.971\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.96-2.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.083\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.83-1.81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.302\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026ge;3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.07-2.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.190\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.72-1.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.762\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComorbidities\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHypertension\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.27-1.77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.76-1.31\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;0.977\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDyslipidemia\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.55-0.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.52-0.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHeart failure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.98-2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.062\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.64-1.71\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.867\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCerebrovascular disease\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.51-1.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.606\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCoronary artery disease\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.56-1.69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.920\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePeripheral vascular disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.66-1.25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.560\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHypothyroidism\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.46-1.30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.339\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEnd stage renal disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.48-3.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.610\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic viral hepatitis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.23-12.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.02-8.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlcoholic liver disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.61-6.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.48-4.26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic viral hepatitis B\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.38\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.15-13.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.80-3.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.177\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic viral hepatitis C\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.42-16.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.71-3.26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.282\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLiver cirrhosis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.0-42.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.10-11.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic pulmonary disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.46-4.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.81-2.29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.251\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCo-medications\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStatin\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.49-0.71\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.52-0.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEzetimibe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.20-0.67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.29-1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.049\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFibrate\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.22-0.73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.26-0.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eACEi\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.45-2.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.994\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAngiotensin II Receptor Blocker\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.15-1.62\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.88-1.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.343\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCalcium channel blocker\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.37-1.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.04-1.65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBeta-blocker\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.10-1.80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.79-1.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.765\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAspirin\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.07-1.67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.81-1.30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.849\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClopidogrel\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.59-1.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.666\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel of antidiabetic treatment, Level 1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel 2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.76-1.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.637\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.76-1.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.605\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.294117647058826%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel 3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.764705882352941%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.117647058823529%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.12-2.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.676470588235293%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.382352941176471%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.058823529411764%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.01-1.85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.705882352941176%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.045\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConcordance index = 0.824 (standard error = 0.013)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; FLD, fatty liver disease; T2D, type 2 diabetes mellitus ; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; ACEi, angiotensine converting enzyme inhibitor.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the univariate analysis, older age, male sex, and several comorbidities including hypertension, dyslipidemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, chronic viral hepatitis B, chronic viral hepatitis C, and liver cirrhosis were significantly associated with HCC occurrence with several co-medication use. Statin, ezetimibe, and fibrate use was associated with lower HCC occurrence, whereas ARB, CCB, beta-blockers, and aspirin use was associated with a higher risk of HCC. In addition, level 3 antidiabetic treatment, i.e., insulin use with OHA after cohort entry, was also a significant variable in the univariate analysis. Furthermore, we performed a multi-variate analysis to identify independent variables associated with HCC occurrence after adjusting for the included variables. Variables with P value \u0026le; 0.1 in univariate analysis were entered into the multivariate analysis. Finally, we identified that older age (HR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.06-1.08, \u003cem\u003eP\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt;0.001 ), male sex (HR = 2.72, 95% CI =2.21-3.34, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e \u0026lt;0.001 ), dyslipidemia (HR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.52-0.82, \u003cem\u003eP\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt;0.001 ), chronic viral hepatitis (HR = 4.06, 95% CI = 2.02-8.19, \u003cem\u003eP\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt;0.001 ), alcoholic liver disease (HR = 3.25, 95% CI = 2.48-4.26, \u003cem\u003eP\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt;0.001 ), liver cirrhosis (HR = 8.34, 95% CI = 6.10-11.40, \u003cem\u003eP\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt;0.001 ), and level 3 antidiabetic treatment (HR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.01-1.85, \u003cem\u003eP\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 0.045), were independent risk factors for HCC in this cohort. In terms of co-medications, the use of statins (HR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.52-0.86, \u003cem\u003eP\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 0.002 ), ezetimibe (HR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.29-1.00, \u003cem\u003eP\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 0.049), and fibrates (HR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.26-0.86, \u003cem\u003eP\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt;0.001 ) was associated with a lower risk of HCC occurrence, whereas the use of CCB (HR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.04-1.65, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e = 0.020) was associated with a higher risk of HCC.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eImpact of statin, fibrate, ezetimibe, and CCB on HCC occurrence in the PS-matched cohort\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo ensure an accurate analysis\u0026nbsp;of the impact of each drug, we divided the cohort based on the use of statins, fibrates, ezetimibe, and CCBs. (Fig. 1) To control for confounding variables, PS matching was applied to ensure an aSMD of \u0026lt;0.1 between the drug user and non-user groups. Tables 2, 3, 4 and 5\u0026nbsp;show the comprehensive baseline characteristics of\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;drug user and non-user groups in each cohort pre- and\u0026nbsp;post-PS\u0026nbsp;matching.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 2.\u003c/strong\u003e Baseline characteristics of pre- and post-PS matched cohort divided according to statin use\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"718\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.677329624478443%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"35.18776077885953%\" colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-PS matched cohort\u0026nbsp;(N=212,443)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"37.134909596662034%\" colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePost-PS matched cohort\u0026nbsp;(N=72,714)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003echaracteristics\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStatin users\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(N=\u0026nbsp;86,976)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStatin non-users\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(N= 125,467)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eaSMD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStatin users\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(N=36,357)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStatin non-users (N=36,357)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eaSMD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge, years (mean \u0026plusmn; SD)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e58.81 (10.77)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51.52 (12.80)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.617\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55.16 (10.85)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54.95 (11.72)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSex, male, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44,372 (51.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80,167 (63.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0. 263\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20953 (57.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20840 (57.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndex year\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9900 (11.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18563 (14.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.154\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4778 (13.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4753 (13.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12458 (14.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21079 (16.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5806 (16.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5897 (16.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13952 (16.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20792 (16.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6013 (16.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5949 (16.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14865 (17.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20953 (16.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6119 (16.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6068 (16.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17280 (19.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22425 (17.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6919 (19.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6811 (18.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18521 (21.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21655 (17.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6722 (18.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6879 (18.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCharlson Comorbidity Index\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e988 (1.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15879 (12.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.651\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e489 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e477 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9940 (11.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26411 (21.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4344 (11.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4420 (12.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22501 (25.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37402 (29.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10958 (30.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11073 (30.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;=3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53547 (61.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45775 (36.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20566 (56.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20387 (56.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComorbidities\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHypertension\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e58451 (67.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39382 (31.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.767\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18921 (52.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18564 (51.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDyslipidemia\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e85805 (98.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41067 (32.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.929\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35295 (97.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35380 (97.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHeart failure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3792 (4.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1315 (1.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.205\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e844 (2.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e726 (2.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCerebrovascular disease\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4335 (5.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1929 (1.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.195\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1073 (3.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e990 (2.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCoronary artery disease\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4239 (4.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e852 (0.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.257\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e690 (1.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e561 (1.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.027\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePeripheral vascular disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11378 (13.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6969 (5.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.261\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3557 (9.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3359 (9.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHypothyroidism\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4911 (5.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2959 (2.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.168\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1793 (4.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1771 (4.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eObesity or overweight\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e230 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e286 (0.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e106 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e111 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic kidney disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e994 (1.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e358 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.102\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e251 (0.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e232 (0.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEnd stage renal disease\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e992 (1.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e358 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.102\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e251 (0.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e232 (0.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic viral hepatitis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2123 (2.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2813 (2.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1109 (3.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1129 (3.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlcoholic liver disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2837 (3.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3312 (2.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.037\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1523 (4.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1495 (4.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary biliary cholangitis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e61 (0.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38 (0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25 (0.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15 (0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic viral hepatitis B\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1417 (1.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1987 (1.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e782 (2.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e746 (2.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic viral hepatitis C\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e347 (0.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e487 (0.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e161 (0.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e212 (0.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLiver cirrhosis\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e321 (0.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e677 (0.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.025\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e197 (0.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e200 (0.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic respiratory disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1329 (1.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1053 (0.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.064\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e423 (1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e466 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCo-medications,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAspirin\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19719 (22.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6899 (5.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.509\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4008 (11.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3528 (9.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.043\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClopidogrel\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8191 (9.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1310 (1.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.383\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1068 (2.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e775 (2.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.051\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAntiplatelet, others\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6019 (6.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2286 (1.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.251\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1378 (3.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1178 (3.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEzetimibe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16218 (18.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e115 (0.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.672\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e294 (0.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e115 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.066\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFibrates\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7537 (8.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5224 (4.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.185\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4291 (11.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4292 (11.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOmega3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e581 (0.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e115 (0.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.094\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e272 (0.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e104 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.064\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eACEi\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1582 (1.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e490 (0.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.137\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e284 (0.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e244 (0.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eARB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42654 (49.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26206 (20.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.618\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12987 (35.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12530 (34.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.026\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCalcium channel blocker\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28620 (32.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19502 (15.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.414\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9124 (25.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8866 (24.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBeta blocker\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13648 (15.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7108 (5.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.329\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3513 (9.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3293 (9.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel of antidiabetic treatment\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\" valign=\"bottom\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\" valign=\"bottom\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\" valign=\"bottom\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\" valign=\"bottom\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\" valign=\"bottom\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel I\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78055 (89.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e106339 (84.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.159\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32383 (89.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32380 (89.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel II\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3302 (3.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8544 (6.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1649 (4.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1635 (4.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.754532775453278%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel III\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5619 (6.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.504881450488146%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10584 (8.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2325 (6.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2342 (6.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.647140864714087%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePS, propensity score; aSMD, absolute standardized mean difference; ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 3.\u003c/strong\u003e Baseline characteristics of pre- and post-PS matched cohort divided according to fibrate use\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"718\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"35.37604456824513%\" colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-PS matched cohort\u0026nbsp;(N=212,443)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"37.04735376044568%\" colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePost-PS matched cohort\u0026nbsp;(N=25,518)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003echaracteristics\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFibrate users\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(N= 12,761)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFibrate non-users (N= 199,682)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eaSMD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFibrate users\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(N=\u0026nbsp;12,759)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFibrate non-users (N=\u0026nbsp;12,759)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eaSMD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge, years (mean +/- SD)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54.48 (10.90)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54.50 (12.63)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54.49 (10.90)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54.27 (12.54)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSex, male, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8728 (68.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e115811 (58.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.217\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8726 (68.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8572 (67.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.026\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndex year\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e823 (6.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27640 (13.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.319\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e823 (6.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e883 (6.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1515 (11.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32022 (16.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1515 (11.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1491 (11.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2006 (15.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32738 (16.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2006 (15.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1979 (15.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2294 (18.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33524 (16.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2294 (18.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2247 (17.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2787 (21.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36918 (18.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2787 (21.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2808 (22.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3336 (26.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36840 (18.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3334 (26.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3351 (26.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCharlson Comorbidity Index\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e169 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16698 (8.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.379\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e169 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e165 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1599 (12.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34752 (17.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1599 (12.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1626 (12.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3825 (30.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56078 (28.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3823 (30.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3877 (30.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026ge;3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7168 (56.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e92154 (46.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7168 (56.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7091 (55.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComorbidities\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHypertension\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8312 (65.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e89521 (44.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.417\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8310 (65.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8346 (65.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDyslipidemia\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12662 (99.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e114210 (57.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.183\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12660 (99.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12660 (99.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHeart failure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e391 (3.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4716 (2.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.043\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e391 (3.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e452 (3.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.027\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCerebrovascular disease\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e413 (3.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5851 (2.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e413 (3.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e473 (3.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.026\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCoronary artery disease\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e307 (2.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4784 (2.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e307 (2.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e479 (3.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.078\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePeripheral vascular disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1472 (11.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16875 (8.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.103\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1472 (11.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1406 (11.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHypothyroidism\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e628 (4.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7242 (3.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.064\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e628 (4.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e610 (4.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eObesity or overweight\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31 (0.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e485 (0.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31 (0.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic kidney disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e151 (1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1201 (0.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.062\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e151 (1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e165 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEnd stage renal disease\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e150 (1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1200 (0.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.061\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e150 (1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e165 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic viral hepatitis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e284 (2.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4652 (2.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e284 (2.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e313 (2.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlcoholic liver disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e708 (5.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5441 (2.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.142\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e707 (5.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e698 (5.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary biliary cholangitis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14 (0.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e85 (0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14 (0.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11 (0.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.008\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic viral hepatitis B\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e178 (1.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3226 (1.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e178 (1.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e216 (1.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic viral hepatitis C\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e792 (0.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48 (0.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.008\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLiver cirrhosis\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57 (0.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e941 (0.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57 (0.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e64 (0.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.008\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic respiratory disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e148 (1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2234 (1.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e148 (1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e172 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCo-medications,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAspirin\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2173 (17.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24445 (12.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.136\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2173 (17.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2150 (16.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.005\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClopidogrel\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e685 (5.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8816 (4.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.044\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e685 (5.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e836 (6.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAntiplatelet, others\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e680 (5.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7625 (3.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.072\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e680 (5.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e666 (5.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.005\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEzetimibe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1563 (12.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14770 (7.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.164\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1563 (12.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1540 (12.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStatin\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7537 (59.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e79439 (39.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.393\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7537 (59.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7492 (58.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOmega3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e117 (0.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e579 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.081\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e117 (0.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86 (0.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.027\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eACEi\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e153 (1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1919 (1.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e153 (1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e148 (1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eARB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6631 (52.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e62229 (31.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.432\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6629 (52.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6616 (51.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCalcium channel blocker\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4494 (35.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43628 (21.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.299\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4492 (35.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4459 (34.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.005\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBeta blocker\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1866 (14.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18890 (9.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.159\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1865 (14.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1890 (14.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel of antidiabetic treatment\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\" valign=\"bottom\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\" valign=\"bottom\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\" valign=\"bottom\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\" valign=\"bottom\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\" valign=\"bottom\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel I\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11399 (89.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e172995 (86.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.083\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11397 (89.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11368 (89.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.008\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel II\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e558 (4.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11288 (5.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e558 (4.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e577 (4.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"27.57660167130919%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel III\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.231197771587743%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e804 (6.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.345403899721449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15399 (7.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.206128133704736%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e804 (6.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.041782729805014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e814 (6.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.7994428969359335%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePS, propensity score; aSMD, absolute standardized mean difference; ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 4.\u003c/strong\u003e Baseline characteristics of pre- and post-PS matched cohorts divided according to ezetimibe use\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"718\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"28.969359331476323%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"33.844011142061284%\" colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-PS matched cohort\u0026nbsp;(N=212,443)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"37.1866295264624%\" colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePost-PS matched cohort\u0026nbsp;(N=32,656)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003echaracteristics\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEzetimibe users\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(N= 16,333)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEzetimibe\u0026nbsp;non-users (N= 196,110)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eaSMD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEzetimibe users\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(N=\u0026nbsp;16,328)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEzetimibe\u0026nbsp;non-users (N=\u0026nbsp;16,328)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eaSMD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge, years (mean +/- SD)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57.32 (10.84)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54.27 (12.64)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.259\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57.33 (10.83)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57.31 (11.22)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSex, male, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8756 (53.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e115783 (59.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8753 (53.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8704 (53.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndex year\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e662 (4.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27801 (14.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.553\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e662 (4.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e713 (4.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1170 (7.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32367 (16.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1170 (7.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1175 (7.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2301 (14.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32443 (16.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2301 (14.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2261 (13.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3002 (18.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32816 (16.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3002 (18.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2991 (18.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4182 (25.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35523 (18.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4182 (25.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4201 (25.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5016 (30.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35160 (17.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5011 (30.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4987 (30.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCharlson Comorbidity Index\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e203 (1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16664 (8.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.444\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e203 (1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e215 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1774 (10.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34577 (17.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1772 (10.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1807 (11.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4341 (26.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55562 (28.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4340 (26.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4361 (26.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026ge;3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10015 (61.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e89307 (45.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10013 (61.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9945 (60.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComorbidities\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHypertension\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10274 (62.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e87559 (44.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.372\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10273 (62.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10290 (63.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDyslipidemia\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16131 (98.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e110741 (56.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.178\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16126 (98.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16124 (98.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHeart failure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e719 (4.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4388 (2.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.121\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e719 (4.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e705 (4.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCerebrovascular disease\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e834 (5.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5430 (2.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e834 (5.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e857 (5.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCoronary artery disease\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e877 (5.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4214 (2.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e876 (5.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e848 (5.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.008\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePeripheral vascular disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2135 (13.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16212 (8.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.156\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2135 (13.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2103 (12.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHypothyroidism\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e994 (6.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6876 (3.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.121\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e993 (6.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e990 (6.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eObesity or overweight\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e462 (0.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic kidney disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e218 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1134 (0.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.078\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e217 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e209 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEnd stage renal disease\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e217 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1133 (0.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.077\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e216 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e209 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic viral hepatitis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e421 (2.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4515 (2.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e421 (2.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e431 (2.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlcoholic liver disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e616 (3.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5533 (2.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.053\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e614 (3.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e638 (3.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.008\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary biliary cholangitis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18 (0.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81 (0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.025\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18 (0.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19 (0.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic viral hepatitis B\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e267 (1.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3137 (1.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e267 (1.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e309 (1.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic viral hepatitis C\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63 (0.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e771 (0.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63 (0.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLiver cirrhosis\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e61 (0.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e937 (0.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e61 (0.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic respiratory disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e234 (1.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2148 (1.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e234 (1.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e216 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCo-medications,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAspirin\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3263 (20.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23355 (11.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.222\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3262 (20.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3198 (19.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClopidogrel\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1773 (10.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7728 (3.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.267\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1771 (10.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1705 (10.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAntiplatelet, others\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1117 (6.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7188 (3.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.143\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1117 (6.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1141 (7.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStatin\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16218 (99.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e70758 (36.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.834\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16213 (99.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16213 (99.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFibrate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1563 (9.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11198 (5.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.146\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1562 (9.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1522 (9.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.008\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOmega3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e108 (0.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e588 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.052\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e107 (0.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e172 (1.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.043\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eACEi\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e277 (1.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1795 (0.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.069\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e277 (1.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e287 (1.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.005\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eARB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7947 (48.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60913 (31.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.365\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7943 (48.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7935 (48.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCalcium channel blocker\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5406 (33.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42716 (21.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.256\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5402 (33.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5404 (33.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBeta blocker\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2611 (16.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18145 (9.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.204\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2611 (16.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2539 (15.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel of antidiabetic treatment\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\" valign=\"bottom\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\" valign=\"bottom\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\" valign=\"bottom\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\" valign=\"bottom\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\" valign=\"bottom\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel I\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14601 (89.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e169793 (86.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.097\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14596 (89.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14588 (89.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel II\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e632 (3.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11214 (5.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e632 (3.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e629 (3.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"29.00976290097629%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel III\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.249651324965132%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1100 (6.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.110181311018131%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15103 (7.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.531380753138075%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.225941422594142%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1100 (6.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.06276150627615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1111 (6.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.810320781032078%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePS, propensity score; aSMD, absolute standardized mean difference; ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 5.\u003c/strong\u003e Baseline characteristics of pre- and post-PS matched cohorts divided according to CCB use\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"708\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"35.59322033898305%\" colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-PS matched cohort\u0026nbsp;(N=212,443)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"37.71186440677966%\" colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePost-PS matched cohort\u0026nbsp;(N=83,084)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003echaracteristics\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCCB users\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(N= 48,122)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCCB non-users (N=164,321)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eaSMD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCCB users\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(N=\u0026nbsp;41,542)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCCB\u0026nbsp;non-users (N=\u0026nbsp;41,542)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eaSMD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge, years (mean +/- SD)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59.17 (11.05)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53.14 (12.62)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.509\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59.15 (11.12)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59.21 (10.86)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.005\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSex, male, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27597 (57.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e96942 (59.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.033\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23030 (55.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22474 (54.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.027\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndex year\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5699 (11.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22764 (13.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.097\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5236 (12.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5455 (13.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.026\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7080 (14.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26457 (16.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6283 (15.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6501 (15.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7586 (15.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27158 (16.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6660 (16.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6711 (16.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8240 (17.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27578 (16.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6980 (16.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6876 (16.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9365 (19.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30340 (18.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7979 (19.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7839 (18.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10152 (21.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30024 (18.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8404 (20.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8160 (19.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCharlson Comorbidity Index\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1361 (2.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15506 (9.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.359\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1074 (2.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e949 (2.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6328 (13.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30023 (18.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5280 (12.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5220 (12.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12935 (26.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46968 (28.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10840 (26.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10728 (25.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026ge;3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27498 (57.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e71824 (43.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24348 (58.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24645 (59.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComorbidities\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHypertension\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e47862 (99.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49971 (30.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.096\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41282 (99.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41282 (99.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDyslipidemia\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37125 (77.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e89747 (54.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.489\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32497 (78.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32708 (78.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHeart failure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1719 (3.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3388 (2.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.091\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1678 (4.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1681 (4.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCerebrovascular disease\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2473 (5.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3791 (2.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2129 (5.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2030 (4.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCoronary artery disease\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1709 (3.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3382 (2.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.091\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1649 (4.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1671 (4.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePeripheral vascular disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6991 (14.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11356 (6.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.248\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5827 (14.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5689 (13.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHypothyroidism\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2073 (4.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5797 (3.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1909 (4.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1991 (4.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eObesity or overweight\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e133 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e383 (0.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e118 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e111 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic kidney disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e538 (1.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e814 (0.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e491 (1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e505 (1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEnd stage renal disease\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e537 (1.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e813 (0.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e490 (1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e504 (1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic viral hepatitis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1282 (2.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3654 (2.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.029\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1120 (2.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1126 (2.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlcoholic liver disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1856 (3.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4293 (2.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1544 (3.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1506 (3.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.005\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary biliary cholangitis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26 (0.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73 (0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25 (0.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23 (0.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic viral hepatitis B\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e833 (1.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2571 (1.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e718 (1.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e735 (1.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic viral hepatitis C\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e262 (0.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e572 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.029\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e236 (0.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e211 (0.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.008\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLiver cirrhosis\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e242 (0.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e756 (0.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e223 (0.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e227 (0.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic respiratory disease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e740 (1.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1642 (1.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.048\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e661 (1.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e681 (1.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCo-medications,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAspirin\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11672 (24.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14946 (9.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.415\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9894 (23.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9696 (23.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClopidogrel\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3690 (7.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5811 (3.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3318 (8.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3260 (7.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.005\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAntiplatelet, others\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3132 (6.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5173 (3.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.157\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2714 (6.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2750 (6.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStatin\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28620 (59.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e58356 (35.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.494\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24973 (60.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25301 (60.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEzetimibe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5406 (11.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10927 (6.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.161\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4482 (10.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4340 (10.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFibrate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4494 (9.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8267 (5.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.167\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3611 (8.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3498 (8.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOmega3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e269 (0.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e427 (0.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.047\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e219 (0.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e183 (0.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eACEi\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e599 (1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1473 (0.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.034\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e594 (1.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e540 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eARB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37535 (78.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31325 (19.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30959 (74.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30675 (73.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBeta blocker\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8487 (17.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12269 (7.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.311\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7423 (17.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7452 (17.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel of antidiabetic treatment\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\" valign=\"bottom\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\" valign=\"bottom\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel I\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42708 (88.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e141686 (86.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.082\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36852 (88.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36916 (88.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel II\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2109 (4.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9737 (5.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1786 (4.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1731 (4.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.694915254237287%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevel III\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.994350282485875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3305 (6.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.689265536723164%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12898 (7.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.909604519774011%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.265536723163843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2904 (7.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.112994350282486%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2895 (7.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.333333333333334%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePS, propensity score; aSMD, absolute standardized mean difference; ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; CCB, calcium channel blocker.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBefore\u0026nbsp;PS matching, notable disparities were observed between the groups in each cohort, whereas the PS-matched cohort had normalized mean differences, achieving an aSMD \u0026lt;0.1 for all variables, indicative of an exceptional equilibrium among covariates. This outcome highlighted the effectiveness of the matching procedure in ensuring group comparability for further analysis. Table\u0026nbsp;S2, S3, S4, and S5 and Fig S1 demonstrate the successful adjustment of covariate differences between\u0026nbsp;the groups following PS matching\u0026nbsp;in each subgroup.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFig. 2 shows a comparison of the Kaplan\u0026ndash;Meier curves between subgroups divided according to specific drug usage in the post PS-matched cohorts.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs a result, we identified that patients who were used statins (HR = 0.58, 95% CI= 0.42-0.80, P \u0026lt; 0.001) and fibrates (HR = 0.46, 95% CI= 0.22-0.93, P = 0.031) had lower risks of HCC compared to non-users, whereas CCB users (HR = 1.35, 95% CI= 1.05-1.72, P = 0.019) showed a higher risk of HCC compared to non-users in each post-PS matched cohort. However, the ezetimibe users and non-users did not show any statistical differences (HR = 0.58, 95% CI= 0.14-2.44, P = 0.46).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eWe explored the effects of widely used medications like antihypertensives, lipid-lowering agents, and antiplatelet drugs, on\u0026nbsp;the development\u0026nbsp;of HCC in patients with FLD and T2D by utilizing extensive healthcare data from Korea\u0026apos;s HIRA Service.\u0026nbsp;Among the antidyslipidemic agents, statin and fibrate use significantly lowered the incidence of HCC, whereas ezetimibe and omoega3 use showed no significant impact in this population. Among the antihypertensive agents, CCB use exhibited an elevated risk of developing HCC, whereas no other antihypertensive agent use was significantly associated with the incidence\u0026nbsp;of HCC in the FLD-T2D cohort.\u0026nbsp;These insights have the potential to shape future treatment strategies for these prevalent chronic conditions, with a focus on specific patient demographics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStatins,\u0026nbsp;also known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, are well\u0026nbsp;established for managing lipid levels and reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.\u003csup\u003e15\u003c/sup\u003e Recently, their role in cancer research has gained attention, particularly for their potential anti-cancer effects.\u003csup\u003e16\u003c/sup\u003e Although the exact mechanisms underlying their anticancer properties are not fully understood, studies\u0026nbsp;have suggested that statins modulate key cancer-related pathways, inhibiting cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis.\u003csup\u003e17\u003c/sup\u003e Numerous clinical studies have linked statin use to reduced cancer incidence, lower local recurrence rates, and improved survival outcomes.\u003csup\u003e18,19\u003c/sup\u003e Specifically, statins have been noted for their protective effects in preventing HCC in individuals with chronic liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis B and C, fatty liver, and cirrhosis.\u003csup\u003e20,21\u003c/sup\u003e In patients with FLD and T2D, the use of statins was associated with a 42% reduction in the risk of HCC occurrence compared with non-use. This aligns with prior evidence of the potential benefits of statins beyond their primary use in lipid lowering and cardiovascular disease prevention.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn addition to statin use,\u0026nbsp;our study demonstrated that fibrate use in the FLD-T2D cohort was associated with a 54% reduced risk of HCC occurrence. Fibrates, which are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonists, play a critical role in regulating lipid metabolism and energy balance.\u003csup\u003e22\u003c/sup\u003e Fibrates are effective in lowering triglyceride levels and can sometimes increase high-density lipoprotein\u0026nbsp;levels. Previous pre-clinical studies have shown that fibrates exhibit their anti-cancer effect by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway and downregulating vascular endothelial growth factor-effector proteins in various cancers, including HCC.\u003csup\u003e23\u003c/sup\u003e However, clinical studies evaluating the antitumor efficacy of fibrates are limited and have yielded controversial results. Lee et al.\u003csup\u003e24\u003c/sup\u003e reported decreased HCC mortality with fibrate (or statin) use in geriatric patients. Furthermore, Li et al.\u003csup\u003e25\u003c/sup\u003e reported that fibrate use had a significant protective effect against liver cancer in Taiwan. The hypothesis that statins and fibrates, which are primarily metabolized in the liver, exert a protective effect against liver diseases and HCC by directly affecting fat metabolism in a liver burdened with excessive fat is plausible. However, to date, no studies have investigated this in\u0026nbsp;FLD or diabetes mellitus cohorts. Our study is significant, as it represents the first substantial cohort study to demonstrate a link between fibrate medication use and the reduced incidence of HCC in patients with FLD\u0026nbsp;and T2D.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCCB use was associated with an increased risk of HCC. As transmembrane calcium signals are critical for cell differentiation and apoptosis, which are pivotal in restraining cancer cell growth, it has been theorized that CCBs could potentially promote cancer progression by disrupting these calcium-dependent pathways.\u003csup\u003e26\u003c/sup\u003e However, the correlation between CCBs use and the incidence of cancer remains\u0026nbsp;controversial. Various studies have reported\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;positive correlation between CCBs use and\u0026nbsp;the incidence\u0026nbsp;of several cancers, whereas others\u0026nbsp;have reported no significant association.\u003csup\u003e27-29\u003c/sup\u003e Several studies have shown that several types of antihypertensive agents, such as ACEi, ARBs, and BB, are associated with the reduced risk of HCC.\u003csup\u003e8,10,30\u003c/sup\u003e In the present study, there was no statistical correlation between the use of these drugs and HCC incidence, whereas CCB use was significantly associated with increased HCC risk in the patients with FLD and T2D.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe retrospective nature\u0026nbsp;of our study necessitates careful interpretation. One limitation is the unavailability of detailed patient data such as blood test reports, body measurements, and alcohol consumption history in the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service dataset. Despite these constraints, our study leveraged extensive data to analyze the incidence of HCC and the associated risks of medication use in a specific disease cohort.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur study highlights the influence of common medications, such as antihypertensives, lipid-lowering agents, and antiplatelet drugs, on the development of HCC in patients with FLD and diabetes. We found that statin and fibrate use was associated with a reduced risk of HCC development. However, CCB use was associated with an increased risk of HCC, particularly after PS matching analysis. These insights may inform future treatment strategies for managing chronic conditions in patients with diabetes and FLD.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Methods","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eData source and study design\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur analysis was based on HIRA research data (M20230419005) sourced from the Republic of Korea\u0026apos;s HIRA database, spanning from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2021. This dataset offers an extensive range of data encompassing both inpatient and outpatient medical records. It includes comprehensive details, such as drug prescriptions, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and primary and secondary diagnosis codes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis was a nationwide retrospective comparative cohort study. Patient data were extracted based on\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;following criteria: a concurrent diagnosis of FLD and T2D during\u0026nbsp;the observation period\u0026nbsp;and a treatment regimen that included one to three oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs). Patients who met\u0026nbsp;the following\u0026nbsp;criteria were excluded: patients with a history of cancer, those who had undergone liver transplantation either before joining the cohort or within the first year, and those who had any history of use of OHAs or insulin treatment before cohort entry. Additionally, patients in\u0026nbsp;the index year\u0026nbsp;2014 were excluded owing to\u0026nbsp;an\u0026nbsp;insufficient baseline observation period, and those in\u0026nbsp;the 2021 cohort were omitted owing to insufficient follow-up data.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe day of admission, i.e., the index date, was determined based on the date of the first OHA prescription. We analyzed baseline characteristics such as patient age at entry, sex, antidiabetic treatment administered, existing comorbidities, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score, and medications prescribed in the year before cohort entry. In the context of South Korea\u0026apos;s healthcare system, OHA prescriptions are determined based on HbA1c levels according to the criteria of the National Health Insurance Service, which reflect the status of glycemic control. Consequently, patients were classified based on their prescribed treatment regimen 90 days after cohort admission to reflect their glycemic control status at the time of entry. These categories included level 1 (one or two OHAs), level 2 (three OHAs without insulin), and level 3 (a combination of insulin and OHAs).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eCohort definition and statistical analysis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBaseline characteristics such as age, sex, level of antidiabetic treatment, existing comorbidities, CCI score, and concurrent medication usage were evaluated using descriptive statistical methods. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to derive hazard ratios [HR] and 95% confidence intervals [CI] for the development of malignancies, considering factors such as sex, age, comorbid conditions, and medication history. The multivariate analysis was performed for variables with \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e-value \u0026lt; 0.1 in the univariate analysis. The entire cohort was divided according to the use of specific drugs, including statins, fibrates, CCB, and ezetimibe. (Fig. 1) We named this cohort the FLD-T2D-drug cohort as we divided the entire cohort according to drug usage. To identify differences in the baseline characteristics between groups that were divided by drug use, we calculated the absolute standardized mean difference (aSMD) with a minimum threshold of 0.1. Thereafter, propensity score (PS) matching was performed in each cohort using logistic regression of variables with aSMD \u0026gt; 0.1 or clinically important variables for each drug cohort. After PS matching, we performed a Kaplan\u0026ndash;Meier analysis and log-rank tests to compare the risk of HCC occurrence between the user and non-user groups. All analyses were performed using SAS software version 8.1 (SAS Institute, Inc.) and R version 3.5.1.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eNone\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor Contributions\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/em\u003eConcept and design:\u0026nbsp;Jae Youn Cheong, Hyo Jung Cho; Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data:\u0026nbsp;Hyo Jung Cho, Eunyoung Lee; Drafting of the manuscript: Hyo Jung Cho; Critical review of the manuscript for important intellectual content:\u0026nbsp;Soon Sun Kim; Statistical analysis:\u0026nbsp;Hyo Jung Cho, Eunyoung Lee; Supervision: Soon Sun Kim; Obtained funding:\u0026nbsp;Jae Youn Cheong, Hyo Jung Cho\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Availability Statement\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eThe data that support the findings of this study are available from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) of South Korea but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study, and so are not publicly available. Data are however available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) of South Korea\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding Statement\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eThis research was supported by a grant of the Korea Health Technology R\u0026amp;D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health \u0026amp; Welfare, Republic of Korea (HR22C1734, HR21C1003, HI23C0901), and National IT Industry Promotion Agency (NIPA) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. S0252-21-1001)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConflict of Interest Disclosure\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/em\u003eThe authors declare no competing interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics Approval Statement\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/em\u003eThis study was performed according to the Declaration of Helsinki (as revised in Brazil 2013), and it was approved by the Ajou University Institutional Review Board (AJOUIRB-EX-2023-179).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePatient Consent Statement\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/em\u003ePatient consent was waived for this study as it exclusively utilized anonymized data, ensuring the privacy and confidentiality of individual participants.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCheemerla S, Balakrishnan M. 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Med. \u003c/em\u003e2013; \u003cstrong\u003e173\u003c/strong\u003e: 1629-37.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e Rotshild V, Azoulay L, Zarifeh M\u003cem\u003e et al.\u003c/em\u003e The risk for lung cancer incidence with calcium channel blockers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. \u003cem\u003eDrug Saf. \u003c/em\u003e2018; \u003cstrong\u003e41\u003c/strong\u003e: 555-64.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e Cao L, Zhang S, Jia CM\u003cem\u003e et al.\u003c/em\u003e Antihypertensive drugs use and the risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis of 21 observational studies. \u003cem\u003eBMC Urol. \u003c/em\u003e2018; \u003cstrong\u003e18\u003c/strong\u003e: 17.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e Ho CM, Lee CH, Lee MC\u003cem\u003e et al.\u003c/em\u003e Comparative effectiveness of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers in chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma: a nationwide high-risk cohort study. \u003cem\u003eBMC Cancer \u003c/em\u003e2018; \u003cstrong\u003e18\u003c/strong\u003e: 401.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Hepatocellular carcinoma, fatty liver disease, diabetes, statin, fibrate, calcium channel blocker, ","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3999320/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3999320/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"We evaluated the effects of antihypertensives, lipid-lowering agents, and antiplatelet medications on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk in patients with fatty liver disease (FLD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Data on 212,443 patients with FLD and T2D, obtained from the Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, were analyzed. Cohort admission day was set as the date of the first oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) prescription. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that old age, male sex, chronic viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, liver cirrhosis, insulin use, and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) were significantly correlated with a higher HCC risk, whereas statin, ezetimibe, and fibrate use was correlated with a lower risk of HCC development. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed according to usage of statin, fibrates, and CCB. Patients who used statins (hazard ratio (HR)=0.58, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.42-0.80, P=0.001) and fibrates (HR=0.46, 95% CI=0.22-0.93, P=0.031) showed a significantly lower HCC risk even after PSM. CCB use was linked to an elevated HCC risk (HR=1.35, 95% CI=1.05-1.72, P=0.019). Statins and fibrates may offer protective effects against HCC development in patients with FLD and T2D, whereas CCBs may increase the risk. Thus, tailored medication strategies are required for the management of chronic conditions.","manuscriptTitle":"Impact of Antihypertensive, Lipid-Lowering, and Antiplatelet Agents on Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Fatty Liver Disease and Diabetes","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-03-15 18:48:51","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3999320/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"5b49956e-6592-4fbc-a53f-2ffe1b45931c","owner":[],"postedDate":"March 15th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":29456712,"name":"Biological sciences/Cancer"},{"id":29456713,"name":"Health sciences/Endocrinology"},{"id":29456714,"name":"Health sciences/Gastroenterology"},{"id":29456715,"name":"Health sciences/Medical research"},{"id":29456716,"name":"Health sciences/Oncology"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-10-10T06:23:57+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-03-15 18:48:51","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-3999320","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-3999320","identity":"rs-3999320","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}