Isolation and characterization of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from rhizosphere of poplar in road verge and their antagonistic potential against various phytopathogens

Isolation and characterization of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from rhizosphere of poplar in road verge and their antagonistic potential against various phytopathogens | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Isolation and characterization of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from rhizosphere of poplar in road verge and their antagonistic potential against various phytopathogens Qingwei Zeng, Tang Lushi, Zhang Yu, Shao Yu, Wu Wanting, Wang Jiangchuan, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2257242/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 15 Aug, 2023 Read the published version in BMC Microbiology → Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria can solubilize insoluble phosphate compounds and improve phosphate availability in soil. Road verges are important parts of urban landscaping, but the pupulation structure of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and their ecological functions in the road verge soil is still unclear. Results We isolated and identified the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from the rhizosphere of poplar in urban road verge to figure out the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria community and their functions in urban road verge soil. Their phosphate-solubilizing and antagonistic activities were evaluated. Twenty-one mineral phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and 14 organic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were screened from the soil samples. All the mineral phosphate-solubilizing bacteria showed better solubilization to Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 than FePO 4 or AlPO 4 . Among them, 7 strains showed high phosphate-solubilizing activities to Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 (150–453 mg/L). All the organic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria displayed weak solubilization to lecithin. 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis showed good species diversity of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, which belongs to 12 genera: Bacillus , Cedecea , Cellulosimicrobium , Delftia , Ensifer , Paenibacillus , Pantoea , Phyllobacterium , Pseudomonas , Rhizobium , Sinorhizobium and Staphylococcus . Moreover, 8 strains showed various degrees of growth inhibition against the phytopathogens: Fusarium oxysporum S1, F. oxysporum S2、 Pythium deliense Meurs Z4, Phomopsis sp. AC1 and Pectobacterium carotovorum TP1. The strain B. siamensis Mp4-Ha30 presented growth inhibition to all the five phytopathogens (FGI > 60%). Conclusions The results indicated that these PSB strains could perform multiple functions in maintaining ecosystems stability in road verge and provided potential microbial resources for the further research on biofertilizers and biocontrol agents. Phosphate-solubilizing activity antagonistic activity biofertilizer biocontrol Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Background Phosphorus is one of the most essential nutrients for the growth of plants. It is also a growth-limiting nutrient in the soil due to its liability to fixation [ 1 ]. In order to overcome phosphate deficiency, a large amount of phosphate fertilizers was applied to the soil in modern agriculture [ 2 ]. In a short time, the phosphate availability was promote with the application of phosphate fertilizers, but the utilization rate is very low in the long run because the soluble phosphate is easy to fix again with the chelation by metal ion in soil [ 3 ]. Long periods and repeated applications of phosphate fertilizers not only raise environmental problems [ 4 ], but also compromise the soil micro-ecosystem balance, resulting in the loss of soil activities [ 5 ]. Alternative and sustainable ways to solve soil phosphate deficiency are emerging with the discovery and research of phosphate-solubilizing microorganism (PSM). PSM are regarded as typical plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) which have the ability to transform insoluble phosphate into soluble form and promote plant growth [ 5 ]. As an important component of PSM, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) show good plant-growth promoting abilities and great application potential as biofertilizers [ 6 ]. Based on the types of phosphate substrates, they can be divided into mineral (inorganic) and organic PSB [ 7 ]. The solubilization of mineral phosphate source by mineral PSB mainly involves the secretion of organic acids, accompanied by a drop in pH value and the solubilization (mineralization) of organic phosphate source relies on catalytic activities of phosphatase, phytase, or carbon-phosphorus lyase [ 8 ]. Isolation and screening of efficient PSB are the basis for biofertilizers, enhancing plant growth and crop yield [ 9 ]. The distribution of PSB in soil shows a significant rhizosphere preference in the population [ 10 ]. To date, amounts of PSB have been isolated from different rhizospheric soil, such as rice [ 11 ], maize [ 12 ], pea [ 13 ], papaya [ 14 ], et al. The isolated PSB belong to more than 20 genera [ 15 ]. Improving of phosphate availability in soil is regarded as the primary property of PSB for plant growth. Besides, the PSB also perform potential ecological functions in soil. The interaction of inoculated PSB and indigenous microorganisms would adjust the microbial diversity and composition in the rhizosphere in favour of plants [ 16 , 17 ]. Antagonism against plant disease is one of the important ecological functions of PGPR [ 18 ]. More and more research indicate that some PSB possess potent antagonistic activities. For instance, tea rhizospheric PSB strain Serratia marcescens Pt-3 showed antagonism against seven different pathogenic fungi [ 19 ]. Inoculation with PSB strain Burkholderia sp. ‘N3’ could significantly reduce the incidence of disease caused by pathogenic bacteria [ 20 ]. Therefore, the antagonistic activity is likely to further expand the application potential of PSB in agriculture and forestry. Road verges are a very important part of urban landscaping, which have ecological and aesthetic functions in the cities [ 21 ]. However, the ecosystem of urban road verges always be more fragile than natural forests, because of its low biodiversity in plant species [ 22 ] and the special soil properties influenced by urban construction and traffic [ 23 ]. Moreover, the special conflicts of plants and their roots with city infrastructure elements also bring plant growth limitations [ 24 ]. Soil microorganisms play important roles in maintaining soil activity and plant adaptation to stresses [ 25 ]. Nevertheless, the contribution of the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), especially PSB, to the ecological stability of the urban road verge is still unclear. Poplar is the most common plant in road verges in China. In this study, we isolated and screened mineral and organic PSB from the rhizosphere of poplar in the road verge. The isolated PSB strains were identified and their Phosphate-solubilizing (PS) activities were evaluated. The antagonistic activities of the PSB strains against five phytopathogens were assessed. This study would facilitate an understanding of the population structure and functions of PSB strains in rhizospheric soil of the urban road verge. Methods Sample collection and isolation of PSB The soil samples were collected from the rhizosphere of 15 years old poplar trees from road verge in the city of Huaian, China (119.05’N, 33.57’E) in June. Three samples were collected from three different poplar trees. The sample sites were around 2-3 m to the trunk. Before sampling the soils, 3-5 cm layer of the surface soils were removed. The soils were collected from 6-15 cm soil layer close to the poplar roots. The sample shovel was sterilized with ethanol solution (75%) and sealed in a sterile self-sealing bag. The physical and chemical characteristics of the soil samples were analyzed by Anhui PinceTesting Technology Service Co. LTD. The contents of the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available phosphate, calcium, ferrum, magnesium, organic matters, and soil pH value were determined following the soil testing methods of the Agricultural Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China. The National Botanical Research Institute’s Phosphate (NBRIP) growth agar medium and Pikovskaya's agar media were used to isolate the mineral and organic PSB strains, respectively. Ten grams (fresh weight) of the soils were suspended in 100 mL of sterile saline solution and shaken at 150 rpm, 28°C for 30 min in a rotary shaker. The mixed liquid was serially diluted into 10 -6 -fold and 100 μL of the diluent of 10 -2 -10 -6 fold was plated on NBRIP and Pikovskaya's agar media respectively. After 5 days of stationary incubation at 28°C, the colonies with a clear halo around were selected and streak cultured on LB agar media. The single colony was picked up with an inoculating loop and cultured in LB broth at 180 rpm, 28°C for 16-24 h. The phosphate solubilization of the purified colonies was reconfirmed by inoculating 10 μL of the cultured media (10 8 CFU/mL) into NBRIP or Pikovskaya's agar media with three replicates respectively. The preliminary assessment of PS activities was evaluated by the ratio (R) (R = clear halo diameter/colony diameter). The isolated PSB strains were stored at -80°C for further research. Assessment of the solubilizing activities of PSB strains The NBRIP and Pikovskaya's broth media were used to quantitatively evaluate the PS activities of the selected mineral or organic PSB strains, respectively. For mineral PSB, individually, Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , FePO 4 and AlPO 4 were used as insoluble phosphate sources in NBRIP broth media. After being cultured at 180 rpm, 28°C for 16-24 h, the PSB strains were washed twice, diluted into 10 8 CFU/mL with distilled water, and acted as inocula. Five hundred μL of the inoculum was inoculated into 50 mL NBRIP or Pikovskaya's broth medium in a 100-mL Erlenmeyer flask and the flasks were cultured at 180 rpm, 28°C for 72 h. Each PSB strain was inoculated in triplicate, and medium without inoculation served as a control. After incubation, the supernatant was separated by centrifugation at 10,000 g for 10 min and then filtrated with 0.22-mm-pore-size of medical millex-GP filters (Millipore, Bedford, Mass.). The concentration of solubilized phosphate in the supernatant was detected by using the ascorbate method [26]. The pH value was measured by a basic pH meter. 16S rRNA gene and phylogenetic analysis The PSB strains were inoculated into LB nutrient broth and cultured at 180 rpm, 28°C for 16-24 h. One mL of the medium was sampled and centrifuged for cell collection. After washing three times with sterile saline solution, the bacterial cell was used for total genomic DNA isolation with the CTAB method [27]. Using the total genomic DNA as a template, universal bacterial primers (24F: AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG and 1492R: TACGGYTACCTTGTTACGACTT) as primers, the 16S rRNA genes were amplified by PCR and following sequencing for identification. The similarity of the 16S rRNA gene sequences was compared with the genetic database available using both the NCBI Blastn program (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) and Eztaxon 16S-based Identify System (http://147.47.212.35:8080/). The identified sequences were uploaded to the GenBank nucleotide sequence database. The phylogenetic dendrogram was constructed by the neighbor-joining method and tree topology was evaluated by performing bootstrap analysis with 1,000 replicates using Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA 7.0) software. Antagonism against pathogenic microorganisms The antagonistic activities of the PSB strains were tested by using confrontation or dual culture tests [28]. Five phytopathogens including five fungi: F. oxysporum S1, F. oxysporum S2、 P. deliense Meurs Z4, Phomopsis sp. AC1 and one bacterum P. carotovorum TP1 were selected in this study. The pathogenic fungi were cultured on PDA agar plates under 28°C for a week. The agar medium covered with the pathogen hypha was cut into 6 mm diameter discs with a cork borer and inoculated onto the center of a new PDA plate (Diameter 90 mm). For the pathogenic bacterium, 150 μL of the inoculum (10 8 CFU/mL) was inoculated onto the center of a new LB plate, and the inoculum was prepared as the PSB strain inoculum described above. The PSB strain inocula (100 μL) were inoculated to both sides of the pathogen at an equal distance. After inoculation, the agar plates were incubated under at 28°C for 5 days. Each PSB strain vs. each pathogen strain was carried out in triplicate, and the agar plate inoculated with pathogen strain was acted as a control. The shortest diameter (d) of the pathogen colony that grew towards the bacterial colony on each confrontation plate and the maximum diameter (D) of the colony that grew away form the bacterial colony were measured after incubation. The antagonistic activity was quantified by visible zones of fungal growth inhibition (FGI) using the equation 1: Antagonistic activity (%) = (D - d) / D × 100% (Eq. 1) After the direct confrontation, the PSB strain with good performance in inhibiting pathogen growth was cultured in LB broth medium at 180 rpm, 28°C for 24 h. The medium was centrifuged at 10000 rpm for 3 min, and then the supernatant was filtrated with 0.22-mm-pore-size of medical millex-GP filters (Millipore, Bedford, Mass). The antagonistic activity of the supernatant was detected using the same direct confrontation method. One hundred μL of the supernatant was injected onto the both sides of the pathogen. The other operations were the same as above. Data Analysis and Processing Microsoft Excel 2016 (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, USA) was used to collate and analyze the data of PS activities. Multiple comparison analysis of the data in the present study were carried out using SPSS (version 16.0) (IBM Inc., New York, USA) with LSD method. Results Soil sample and PSB isolates The chemical characteristics of the soil sample are displayed in Table 1 . The soil is weakly alkaline. The contents of total nitrogen and phosphorus in soil are much lower than that of total potassium. The ratio of available phosphate to total phosphorus is 0.93%. For metallic elements, Ca content is higher than Fe and Mg. The organic matter content in soil is only 1.39%. In the preliminary screening, 21 mineral PSB strains and 14 organic PSB strains showed obvious clear halo around their colonies on agar media, respectively. The ratio R of nine mineral PSB strains was beyond 1.5, and the ratio R of none of organic PSB was not beyond 1.5 (Tables 1 and 2 , Fig. 1 ). Table 1 Physicochemical properties of the soil samples. Soil type pH value Total N (g/kg) Total P (g/kg) Total K (g/kg) Available P (mg/kg) Ca (g/kg) Fe (g/kg) Mg (g/kg) Organic matter (g/kg) Yellow 7.71 ± 0.10 0.516 ± 0.004 0.34 ± 0.06 15.8 ± 1.1 3.15 ± 0.27 3.53 ± 1.01 0.124 ± 0.009 0.73 ± 0.65 13.9 ± 1.2 Data are means of three replicates ± S. D. Table 2 Preliminary screening results of the PSB isolates Mineral PSB isolates Clear halo diameter / mm Colony diameter / mm Ratio R Organic PSB isolates Clear halo diameter / mm Colony diameter / mm Ratio R Mp1-Ha1 13.9 ± 0.30 8.3 ± 0.42 1.67 ± 0.04 d Op1-Ha1 13.2 ± 1.45 12.1 ± 0.39 1.09 ± 0.03 cde Mp1-Ha3 14.9 ± 0.12 7.1 ± 0.53 2.11 ± 0.14 a Op1-Ha2 9.8 ± 0.74 8.9 ± 0.41 1.10 ± 0.04 cde Mp1-Ha4 10.1 ± 0.17 5.5 ± 0.26 1.84 ± 0.06 c Op1-Ha3 23.8 ± 1.13 21.1 ± 0.95 1.13 ± 0.02 bcd Mp1-Ha7 10.0 ± 0.17 4.9 ± 0.12 2.04 ± 0.02 ab Op1-Ha4 13.3 ± 0.64 12.3 ± 0.63 1.08 ± 0.02 de Mp1-Ha8 7.1 ± 0.51 4.6 ± 0.35 1.54 ± 0.01 e Op2-Ha3 11.1 ± 0.63 10.5 ± 0.76 1.06 ± 0.05 e Mp1-Ha10 10.0 ± 0.29 5.8 ± 0.37 1.72 ± 0.06 d Op3-Ha3 9.4 ± 0.73 8.2 ± 0.95 1.15 ± 0.09 bc Mp1-Ha11 10.5 ± 0.38 7.2 ± 0.15 1.46 ± 0.02 fg Op3-Ha4 17.3 ± 0.98 15.3 ± 0.33 1.13 ± 0.07 cd Mp1-Ha26 10.0 ± 0.40 8.0 ± 0.56 1.25 ± 0.04 j Op3-Ha5 13.4 ± 1.52 11.2 ± 0.45 1.20 ± 0.03 ab Mp1-Ha27 5.7 ± 0.37 5.7 ± 0.40 1.01 ± 0.01 l Op3-Ha6 13.4 ± 0.63 12.5 ± 0.72 1.07 ± 0.01 de Mp1-Ha32 9.8 ± 0.23 5.0 ± 0.17 1.96 ± 0.02 b Op4-Ha2 10.6 ± 0.97 9.5 ± 0.56 1.12 ± 0.02 cd Mp2-Ha4 6.3 ± 0.29 6.2 ± 0.31 1.01 ± 0.00 l Op4-Ha3 15.7 ± 1.02 13.9 ± 0.64 1.13 ± 0.03 bcd Mp2-Ha8 7.5 ± 0.13 5.8 ± 0.22 1.29 ± 0.02 ij Op4-Ha4 16.7 ± .1.88 15.6 ± 0.95 1.07 ± 0.05 de Mp2-Ha11 13.5 ± 0.32 8.1 ± 0.45 1.67 ± 0.05 d Op4-Ha6 12.9 ± 1.68 10.3 ± 0.67 1.25 ± 0.03 a Mp2-Ha20 12.3 ± 0.10 8.4 ± 0.14 1.46 ± 0.02 fg Op4-Ha7 15.9 ± 0.98 14.3 ± 0.85 1.11 ± 0.03 cd Mp2-Ha21 7.7 ± 0.28 5.7 ± 0.36 1.35 ± 0.04 hi Mp3-Ha1 9.6 ± 0.40 6.6 ± 0.22 1.45 ± 0.01 fg Mp4-Ha1 11.9 ± 0.38 8.4 ± 0.44 1.41 ± 0.03 gh Mp4-Ha6 11.5 ± 0.17 7.6 ± 0.25 1.51 ± 0.03 ef Mp4-Ha22 9.9 ± 0.33 8.0 ± 0.47 1.23 ± 0.03 jk Mp4-Ha28 8.3 ± 0.19 6.6 ± 0.32 1.25 ± 0.03 j Mp4-Ha30 7.4 ± 0.35 6.4 ± 0.21 1.16 ± 0.02 k Data are means of three replicates ± S. D. Lowercase letters in the data of ratio R indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 level. Phosphate solubilizing activities of the PSB isolates The PS activities of the 21 mineral PSB strains and 14 organic PSB strains were quantitatively assessed (Table 3 ). For mineral PSB strains, all 21 strains showed much better solubilization to Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 than FePO 4 or AlPO 4 , and the fold of differences ranged from 2 to 46. The concentrations of solubilized phosphate from Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ranged from 33.14 to 453.33 mg/L, which were 6.69 to 17.08 mg/L from FePO 4 and 13.02 to 34.16 mg/L from AlPO 4 . The concentrations of solubilized phosphate were the highest for Mp1-Ha7 (453.33 mg/L), Mp1-Ha3 (391.50 mg/L), Mp2-Ha11 (373.79 mg/L) Mp1-Ha4 (355.78 mg/L), Mp1-Ha8 (322.40 mg/L), Mp1-Ha11 (227.98 mg/L) and Mp1-Ha10 (150.36 mg/L) with Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 as the insoluble phosphate source. These results were consistent with the clear halo performances on NBRIP agar. The medium pH values decreased in varying degrees when the PSB strains solubilized the three insoluble phosphate source (Fig. 2 ). The medium pH value was significantly negatively correlated with the concentration of solubilized phosphate when using Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 as the insoluble phosphate source (R=-0.904, P < 0.05 ), whiling it did not show any obvious relationship when using FePO 4 or AlPO 4 as the insoluble phosphate source. For organic PSB strains, the highest concentrations of solubilized phosphate were 9.07 mg/L for Op4-Ha3 and 2.237 mg/L for Op1-Ha2. Table 3 Phosphate-solubilizing activities of the PSB strains Mineral PSB isolates Solubilized phosphate concentration (mg/L) Organic PSB isolates Solubilized phosphate concentration (mg/L) Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 FePO 4 AlPO 4 Lecithin Mp1-Ha1 43.40 ± 0.98 k 7.46 ± 0.29 jkl 19.77 ± 0.11 h Op1-Ha1 1.52 ± 0.04 c Mp1-Ha3 391.50 ± 0.26 b 17.08 ± 0.34 a 30.46 ± 0.48 b Op1-Ha2 2.23 ± 0.07 b Mp1-Ha4 355.78 ± 6.26 d 12.61 ± 0.15 c 27.82 ± 0.11 c Op1-Ha3 0.27 ± 0.03 j Mp1-Ha7 453.33 ± 9.63 a 14.36 ± 0.36 b 34.16 ± 0.24 a Op1-Ha4 0.51 ± 0.04 h Mp1-Ha8 322.40 ± 5.03 e 6.96 ± 0.52 mn 17.96 ± 0.39 ij Op2-Ha3 1.32 ± 0.04 d Mp1-Ha10 150.36 ± 5.64 g 9.25 ± 0.28 gh 22.45 ± 0.28 f Op3-Ha3 0.95 ± 0.08 e Mp1-Ha11 227.98 ± 11.05 f 11.92 ± 0.29 d 26.57 ± 0.23 d Op3-Ha4 0.76 ± 0.04 f Mp1-Ha26 98.54 ± 1.35 h 8.78 ± 0.17 i 18.39 ± 0.20 i Op3-Ha5 1.00 ± 0.03 e Mp1-Ha27 33.14 ± 0.04 l 6.69 ± 0.42 n 14.64 ± 0.20 m Op3-Ha6 0.37 ± 0.04 i Mp1-Ha32 95.21 ± 1.12 h 11.25 ± 0.26 e 16.22 ± 0.30 k Op4-Ha2 0.67 ± 0.02 fg Mp2-Ha4 37.02 ± 0.08 kl 10.35 ± 0.26 f 10.45 ± 0.23 p Op4-Ha3 9.07 ± 0.12 a Mp2-Ha8 37.71 ± 0.12 kl 9.42 ± 0.24 g 13.82 ± 0.19 n Op4-Ha4 0.93 ± 0.06 e Mp2-Ha11 373.79 ± 10.24 c 8.85 ± 0.09 hi 25.28 ± 0.14 e Op4-Ha6 0.63 ± 0.07 g Mp2-Ha20 56.08 ± 2.38 ij 7.41 ± 0.21 jkl 15.46 ± 0.24 l Op4-Ha7 1.28 ± 0.06 d Mp2-Ha21 57.98 ± 0.74 ij 7.72 ± 0.07 j 17.86 ± 0.05 j Mp3-Ha1 36.38 ± 0.006 kl 7.65 ± 0.12 jk 17.94 ± 0.51 ij Mp4-Ha1 51.82 ± 0.35 j 8.57 ± 0.27 i 21.04 ± 0.28 g Mp4-Ha6 61.11 ± 1.66 i 8.79 ± 0.08 i 17.55 ± 0.55 j Mp4-Ha22 37.35 ± 0.15 kl 7.25 ± 0.12 klm 15.08 ± 0.06 lm Mp4-Ha28 36.00 ± 0.08 kl 7.05 ± 0.27 lmn 13.02 ± 0.22 o Mp4-Ha30 35.83 ± 0.07 l 10.67 ± 0.26 f 15.35 ± 0.25 l Data are means of three replicates ± S. D. Lowercase letters indicate significant differences in each column at P < 0.05 level. Phylogenetic identification of the PSB strains The maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rDNA sequences of the PSB strains and closest phylogenic reference strains were presented in Fig. 3 . The 21 mineral PSB strains can be categorized into four groups: Firmicutes (42.9%), α-proteobacteria (38.1%), Gammaproteobacteria (9.5%), and Actinobacteria (9.5%). The 14 organic PSB strains can be categorized into three groups: Firmicutes (57.1%), Gammaproteobacteria (35.7%), and β-proteobacteria (7.1%). The identification of the PSB strains was combined with the alignments of the 16S rDNA sequences of the PSB strains and the closest phylogenic reference strains from the two databases. The accession numbers and the similarities results are listed in Table 4 . The PSB strains belonged to 12 genera and 25 species. Bacillus (7 isolates) and Ensifer (5 isolates) were the most dominant genera for mineral PSB strains. E. adhaerens was the most dominant species (3 isolates). Bacillus (7 isolates) and Pseudomonas (5 isolates) were the most dominant genera for organic PSB strains. Pseudomonas sp. was the most dominant species (4 isolates). Table 4 Alignment results of 16S rDNA sequences of the PSB strains with genetic databases Mineral PSB strains Accession GenBank database EzBioCloud database Top-hit strain Identity Accession Top-hit taxon Identity Accession (%) (%) Mp1-Ha1 OP003529 Bacillus zanthoxyli 99.86 ON693697 Bacillus zanthoxyli 99.58 KX865140 Mp1-Ha3 MN461567 Staphylococcus succinus 99.86 MN758800 Staphylococcus succinus 99.31 AF004220 Mp1-Ha4 MN461566 Cedecea sp. 100 MK101024 Cedecea sp. 98.84 CP009451 Mp1-Ha7 OP003530 Rhizobium sp. 99.92 KY630727 Neorhizobium sp. 98.71 SLYW01000027 Mp1-Ha8 OP003531 Phyllobacterium ifriqiyense 100 MF101109 Phyllobacterium ifriqiyense 100 AY785325 Mp1-Ha10 OP003532 Ensifer sesbaniae 99.85 MT534067 Ensifer sesbaniae 99.92 JF834143 Mp1-Ha11 OP003533 Bacillus cereus 99.86 MN543837 Bacillus cereus 99.93 AE016877 Mp1-Ha26 OP003534 Ensifer sesbaniae 99.85 NR_133053 Ensifer sesbaniae 99.71 JF834143 Mp1-Ha27 OP003535 Ensifer adhaerens 100 ON614210 Ensifer adhaerens 99.71 JNAE01000171 Mp1-Ha32 OP003536 Sinorhizobium meliloti 99.70 MK326563 Sinorhizobium meliloti 99.78 X67222 Mp2-Ha4 OP003537 Ensifer adhaerens 99.93 MT431909 Ensifer adhaerens 100 JNAE01000171 Mp2-Ha8 OP003538 Ensifer adhaerens 100 MT102285 Ensifer adhaerens 99.85 JNAE01000171 Mp2-Ha11 OP003539 Pantoea brenneri 98.45 JX113245 Pantoea brenneri 97.83 MIEI01000169 Mp2-Ha20 OP003540 Cellulosimicrobium funkei 100 MT549101 Cellulosimicrobium funkei 99.43 AY501364 Mp2-Ha21 OP003541 Cellulosimicrobium funkei 99.43 MT549101 Cellulosimicrobium funkei 99.29 AY501364 Mp3-Ha1 OP003542 Bacillus siamensis 100 ON797016 Bacillus siamensis 99.93 AJVF01000043 Mp4-Ha1 OP003543 Bacillus subtilis 99.86 MN435586 Bacillus subtilis 99.71 ABQL01000001 Mp4-Ha6 OP003544 Staphylococcus haemolyticus 99.72 MW391753 Staphylococcus haemolyticus 99.17 LILF01000056 Mp4-Ha22 OP003545 Bacillus altitudinis 99.93 MT981196 Bacillus altitudinis 100 ASJC01000029 Mp4-Ha28 OP003546 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 100 KX980396 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 99.71 FN597644 Mp4-Ha30 OP003547 Bacillus siamensis 100 KY401429 Bacillus siamensis 99.16 AJVF01000043 Organic PSB strains Accession GenBank database EzBioCloud database Top-hit strain Identity Accession Top-hit taxon Identity Accession (%) (%) Op1-Ha1 OP006269 Bacillus safensis 99.51 JF411308 Bacillus safensis 99.17 KY990920 Op1-Ha2 OP006270 Bacillus cereus 99.79 MT492023 Bacillus cereus 99.44 AE016877 Op1-Ha3 OP006271 Bacillus sp. 100 MG230315 Bacillus sp. 99.51 LJIY01000004 Op1-Ha4 OP006272 Bacillus subtilis 100 KP676166 Bacillus sp. 99.31 LJIY01000004 Op2-Ha3 OP006273 Bacillus cereus 99.93 LK391649 Bacillus albus ( cereus ) 99.58 MAOE01000087 Op3-Ha3 OP006274 Pseudomonas sp. 99.79 FJ601641 Pseudomonas sp. 99.23 CP011567 Op3-Ha4 OP006275 Pseudomonas sp. 99.86 MT026958 Pseudomonas sp. 99.37 CP011567 Op3-Ha5 OP006276 Paenibacillus profundus 99.51 NR_132304 Paenibacillus profundus 99.23 AB712351 Op3-Ha6 OP006277 Pseudomonas sp. 99.86 KC782842 Pseudomonas sp. 98.53 AP013068 Op4-Ha2 OP006278 Pseudomonas ficuserectae 99.93 KF424289 Pseudomonas ficuserectae 99.01 AB021378 Op4-Ha3 OP006279 Bacillus wiedmannii 100 ON231680 Bacillus wiedmannii 99.72 LOBC01000053 Op4-Ha4 OP006280 Bacillus proteolyticus 99.37 OM017181 Bacillus proteolyticus 99.44 MACH01000033 Op4-Ha6 OP006281 Pseudomonas sp. 99.86 MG266332 Pseudomonas sp. 99.43 CP017886 Op4-Ha7 OP006282 Delftia tsuruhatensis 99.86 MT374262 Delftia tsuruhatensis 99.22 BCTO01000107 Antagonistic effect of the PSB strains against pathogenic microorganisms In the dual culture tests, 8 PSB strains showed obvious growth inhibition against the phytopathogens (Table 5 , Fig. 4 ). Among them, B. siamensis Mp4-Ha30 showed growth inhibition in all these five phytopathogens (FGI > 40%). B. zanthoxyli Mp1-Ha1, P. ifriqiyense Mp1-Ha8, and C. funkei Mp2-Ha20 only performed growth inhibition to P. carotovorum TP1. Growth of both F. oxysporum S1 and S2 were inhibited by B. siamensis Mp3-Ha1, B. subtilis Mp4-Ha1, B. amyloliquefaciens Mp4-Ha28, and B. siamensis Mp4-Ha30. B. amyloliquefaciens Mp4-Ha28 and B. siamensis Mp4-Ha30 displayed the best antagonism to F. oxysporum S1 and S2, with FGI of 63.84 and 66.51%, respectively. Five PSB strains performed powerful antagonistic activities against P. deliense Meurs Z4, and B. siamensis Mp3-Ha1 showed the highest growth inhibition rate (FGI 78.21%). Different from the other phytopathogens, the growth of Phomopsis sp. A1 was restrained by only one strain B. siamensis Mp4-Ha30 (FGI 65.32%). On the contrary, the growth P. carotovorum TP1 could be inhibited by all 8 PSB strains, and the highest growth inhibition rate (FGI 55.86%) was carried out by B. amyloliquefaciens Mp4-Ha28. Noticeably, no organic PSB strains presented antagonistic activities in the tests. similar results were obtained when used the supernatants were used as substitutes of the strains in the dual culture tests. Exceptionally, the supernatant of B. altitudinis Mp4-Ha22 did not show any growth inhibition to the phytopathogens, and the two low antagonistic active stains B. aanthoxyli Mp1-Ha1 and P. ifriqiyense Mp1-Ha8 completely lost their growth inhibition activities when using the supernatants instead of the strain. For the other PSB strains, their antagonistic activities of supernatants did no demonstrate any significant ( P < 0.05 ) changes with the strain tests. Table 5 Antagonistic activities of the PSB strains against phytopathogen PSB Strains FGI F. oxysporum S1 F. oxysporum S2 P. deliense Meurs Z4 Phomopsis sp. A1 P. carotovorum TP1 B. zanthoxyli Mp1-Ha1 Strain - - - - ++ Supernatant - - - - - P. ifriqiyense Mp1-Ha8 Strain - - - - + Supernatant - - - - - C. funkei Mp2-Ha20 Strain - - - - ++ Supernatant - - - - - B. siamensis Mp3-Ha1 Strain ++ +++ +++ - ++ Supernatant ++ +++ +++ - ++ B. subtilis Mp4-Ha1 Strain +++ ++ +++ - + Supernatant +++ ++ +++ ++ B. altitudinis Mp4-Ha22 Strain - - +++ - + Supernatant - - - - - B. amyloliquefaciens Mp4-Ha28 Strain +++ ++ +++ - ++ Supernatant +++ ++ +++ - ++ B. siamensis Mp4-Ha30 Strain ++ +++ +++ +++ ++ Supernatant +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ FGI means fungal growth inhibition. “-” means no obvious inhibition on pathogenic microorganisms. “+” means FGI < 40%. “++” means 40% < FGI 60%. Discussion It is reported that the soil from road verges had a lower level of nutrients, and lower humus levels compared to natural areas [ 23 ]. In this study, the contents of the nutrient elements nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter in the road verge soil were below the average levels of natural soil in China [ 29 ]. Less organic PSB strains were isolated than mineral PSB strains, which would because the low concentration of humus [ 30 ]. Regular cleaning in the city removes most of the litter of road verges, and blocks the decomposition of litter in to organic phosphate and other organic matters in the soil [ 31 ]. The natural selection of low level of organic phosphate would account for the low detection frequency of organic PSB and their low PS activities. On the contrary, the mineral PSB strains in this study showed better performances both in isolated numbers and PS activities. The concentration of solubilized phosphate released from Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 by 7 strains was above 150 mg/L. The quantitative results of PS activities in broth media were consistent (78%) with the preliminary assessment on an agar plate suggesting the reliability of the clear halo assessment of PS activity on NBRIP agar. It is demonstrated that the mineral PSB strains solubilize mineral phosphate by acidifying the environment with organic acids secretion [ 6 , 32 ]. We also found a negative correlation between the PS activities and media pH (R=-0.904, P < 0.05 ). Although the media pH also showed an obvious decrease when FePO 4 or AlPO 4 as a mineral phosphate source, but the concentrations of solubilized phosphate by the PSB strains were much lower. Similar results were also obtained by Illmer et al. [ 33 , 34 ]. They thought the organic acids secretion and environment acidification were not the only mechanism for the PSB strain to solubilize mineral phosphate. Moreover, the nature of the organic acids significantly affects the mineral phosphate solubilization by PSB [ 35 ]. These would explain the variety of the PS activities toward different phosphate sources by the PSB strains. Moreover, the soil sample showed high content of Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 than the other phosphate sources. It is suggested that higher PS activities to Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 would also be the result from natural selection. Isolation and screening of PSB strains from different soil resources are the bases for further research and application as biofertilizers or biocontrol agents [ 5 , 9 ]. Up to now, the PSB strains in road verges soils were rarely researched. In this study, the phylogenetic identification results showed that, Bacillus (7 isolates), Ensifer (5 isolates) and, Bacillus (7 isolates), Pseudomonas (5 isolates) were the most dominant genera of mineral and organic PSB strains. The isolated strains belonged to the common categories of PGPR, like α-proteobacteria, β-proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Gammaproteobacteria [ 36 , 37 ]. Among them, Bacillus and Pseudomonas were the two of the most abundant genera of PSB strains in diverse soil resources [ 11 , 38 , 39 ]. In the present study, the seven most effective PSB strains were S. succinus Mp1-Ha3, Cedecea sp. Mp1-Ha4, R. sp. Mp1-Ha7, P. ifriqiyense Mp1-Ha8, E. sesbaniae Mp1-Ha10, B. cereus Mp1-Ha11 and P. brenneri Mp2-Ha11. It displayed good microbial diversity of PSB strains in the road verge soil and provided good microbial resources for the further PGPR research. As a typical PGPR, PSB strains play important roles in adjusting the rhizospheric microbial community, providing a beneficial microecological environment for the plants [ 17 ]. Pathogenic resistance abilities of PSB strain, including bacteriostasis ability and antifungal activity have been demonstrated to be one of the beneficial traits for the associated plant [ 19 , 20 ]. In this study, the antagonistic activities of PSB strains against different types of phytopathogen were assessed. F. oxysporum is a soil colonized fungal phytopathogen with wide host range and strong pathogenicity [ 40 ]. P. deliense Meurs is also regarded as a fungal phytopathogen from the rhizosphere, leading to root disease [ 41 ]. Against the soil fungal phytopathogens, F. oxysporum S1 and S2, 4 PSB strains showed growth inhibition performances, and 5 PSB strians for P.deliense Meurs Z4, respectively. Unlike the soil fungal phytopathogen, the poplar canker disease pathogen Phomopsis sp. A1 just be restained by B. Siamensis Mp4-Ha30. It is reported that the effective biocontrol B. pumilus to poplar canker disease pathogen P. macrospora was isolated in the poplar stem, especially the infected tissues [ 42 ]. Similarly, the biocontrol agent against the sheath blight pathogen of rice is also found in the rice tissues [ 43 ]. These results implied that the rhizosphere would not be the best place to isolate the biocontrol agents against the pathogen of aboveground diseases. For the only bacterial phytopathogen, P. carotovorum is also a soil phytopathogen that caused soft rot disease on many crops [ 44 ]. The strain P. carotovorum TP1 was restrained by all the 8 PSB strains. Many secondary metabolites are secreted by PGPR that can suppress pathogenic bacterial growth [ 45 , 46 ]. Currently, the antifungal microorganisms seem to catch more attention and the mechanisms of antagonism against fungal phytopathogen are more complicate [ 18 , 28 ]. Overall, the mechanisms of biocontrol agents against the phytopathogens can be included as follows: (1) competing with pathogens; (2) production of extracellular antimicrobial metabolites, like antibiotics, lytic enzymes, hydrolytic enzymes, and bacteriocins. et al.; (3) priming plants for induced systemic resistance [ 46 , 47 ]. In this study, the supernatants of most of the PSB strains presented similar antagonistic activities with the strain tests. It indicated that the extracellular metabolites would mainly account for the antagonistic abilities of the PSB strains. Conclusions We isolated the PSB strains from road verge soil. Some of them showed high activities of phosphate solubilization and presented effective antagonistic activities to different types of phytopathogens. These PSB strains perform multiple functions in maintaining ecosystem stability in road verge. The development and application of bio-agents based on these PSB strains would provide an environment-friendly alternative to chemical fertilizers and synthetic pesticides. Further, in-depth studies on the other plant growth-promoting traits, mechanisms of antagonistic abilities, and field experiments should be carried out in the future. Abbreviations phosphate-solubilizing microorganism (PSM) plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) Phosphate-solubilizing activity (PS activity) Botanical Research Institute’s Phosphate (NBRIP) Fungal growth inhibition (FGI) Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate Not applicable. Consent for publication Not applicable. Competing Interests The authors declare no competing interests. Availability of data and materials The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Founding This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31700546). The funder (ZQ) contributed to study design, laboratory work, data analysis and manuscript writing. Author Contributions All authors contributed to the study conception and design. The laboratory work, data collection and analysis were performed by ZQ, TL, ZY, SY and WW. Data analysis and the first draft of the manuscript was written by, ZQ, WJ and DX. HX and MB contributed to the discussion section and modification of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Acknowledgments We are grateful to the National Natural Science Foundation of China. We appreciate professor Yunpeng Wang from Huaiyin Institute of Technology for generously providing the pathogen strains. References Schachtman DP, Reid RJ, Ayling SM. Phosphorus uptake by plants: From soil to cell. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-2257242","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":164969542,"identity":"6c417a5c-1eda-4e19-842e-82ff3ae82d3f","order_by":0,"name":"Qingwei 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1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":710483,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePreliminary assessments of PS activities with clear zone formation by the mineral PSB strains (a-c) and the organic PSB strains (d-f).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2257242/v1/0b69e25d32c01e64aab2c00c.png"},{"id":31227597,"identity":"f6d38492-af6c-49f6-a928-eb217a0cc0c5","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-01-06 15:34:12","extension":"jpg","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":105223,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePhosphate-solubilizing activities of the mineral PSB strains and pH in the media. (a) Ca\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e(PO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e)\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e as mineral phosphate source, (b) FePO\u003csub\u003e4 \u003c/sub\u003eas mineral phosphate source, (c) AlPO\u003csub\u003e4 \u003c/sub\u003eas mineral phosphate source. Error bars = S. D. Lowercase letters above the bars indicate significant differences at \u003cem\u003eP\u0026lt;0.05\u003c/em\u003e level.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2257242/v1/b37e346e3d403370f613f9a4.jpg"},{"id":31227598,"identity":"6d234acc-c39f-4038-907b-19f1f5417e6b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-01-06 15:34:12","extension":"jpg","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":117251,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePhylogenic trees of the PSB strains based on the 16S rRNA sequences. Maximum likelihood was used to construct the trees with bootstrapping (1000 replicates).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2257242/v1/2bef8880050a6319380488f7.jpg"},{"id":31228145,"identity":"5f947286-4f46-4167-b60b-b4de35d6d5b8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-01-06 15:42:13","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":780963,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eAntagonistic activities of the PSB strains against phytopathogen. (a) Growth of \u003cem\u003eF. oxysporum \u003c/em\u003eS1 was inhibited by \u003cem\u003eB. amyloliquefaciens\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha28. (b) Growth of \u003cem\u003eF. oxysporum \u003c/em\u003eS2 was suppressed by \u003cem\u003eB. siamensis\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha30. (c) Growth of \u003cem\u003eP. deliense \u003c/em\u003eMeurs Z4 was prevented by \u003cem\u003eB. siamensis\u003c/em\u003e Mp3-Ha1. (d) Growth of \u003cem\u003ePhomopsis \u003c/em\u003esp.\u003cem\u003e \u003c/em\u003eA1 was repressed by \u003cem\u003eB. siamensis\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha30. (e) Growth of \u003cem\u003eP. carotovorum \u003c/em\u003eTP1was restrained by \u003cem\u003eB. amyloliquefaciens\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha28.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2257242/v1/499ad9e1bd0509526728513a.png"},{"id":44737410,"identity":"d1c94a8b-4712-47f2-a2b8-173273e0a5b9","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-10-16 22:34:46","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2932422,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2257242/v1/d675c1c1-2fd0-499b-8211-6b3f20751995.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Isolation and characterization of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from rhizosphere of poplar in road verge and their antagonistic potential against various phytopathogens","fulltext":[{"header":"Background","content":"\u003cp\u003ePhosphorus is one of the most essential nutrients for the growth of plants. It is also a growth-limiting nutrient in the soil due to its liability to fixation [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e]. In order to overcome phosphate deficiency, a large amount of phosphate fertilizers was applied to the soil in modern agriculture [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e]. In a short time, the phosphate availability was promote with the application of phosphate fertilizers, but the utilization rate is very low in the long run because the soluble phosphate is easy to fix again with the chelation by metal ion in soil [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e]. Long periods and repeated applications of phosphate fertilizers not only raise environmental problems [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e], but also compromise the soil micro-ecosystem balance, resulting in the loss of soil activities [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e]. Alternative and sustainable ways to solve soil phosphate deficiency are emerging with the discovery and research of phosphate-solubilizing microorganism (PSM).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePSM are regarded as typical plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) which have the ability to transform insoluble phosphate into soluble form and promote plant growth [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e]. As an important component of PSM, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) show good plant-growth promoting abilities and great application potential as biofertilizers [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]. Based on the types of phosphate substrates, they can be divided into mineral (inorganic) and organic PSB [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e]. The solubilization of mineral phosphate source by mineral PSB mainly involves the secretion of organic acids, accompanied by a drop in pH value and the solubilization (mineralization) of organic phosphate source relies on catalytic activities of phosphatase, phytase, or carbon-phosphorus lyase [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e]. Isolation and screening of efficient PSB are the basis for biofertilizers, enhancing plant growth and crop yield [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]. The distribution of PSB in soil shows a significant rhizosphere preference in the population [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e]. To date, amounts of PSB have been isolated from different rhizospheric soil, such as rice [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e], maize [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e], pea [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e], papaya [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e], et al. The isolated PSB belong to more than 20 genera [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImproving of phosphate availability in soil is regarded as the primary property of PSB for plant growth. Besides, the PSB also perform potential ecological functions in soil. The interaction of inoculated PSB and indigenous microorganisms would adjust the microbial diversity and composition in the rhizosphere in favour of plants [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e]. Antagonism against plant disease is one of the important ecological functions of PGPR [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e]. More and more research indicate that some PSB possess potent antagonistic activities. For instance, tea rhizospheric PSB strain \u003cem\u003eSerratia marcescens\u003c/em\u003e Pt-3 showed antagonism against seven different pathogenic fungi [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e]. Inoculation with PSB strain \u003cem\u003eBurkholderia\u003c/em\u003e sp. \u0026lsquo;N3\u0026rsquo; could significantly reduce the incidence of disease caused by pathogenic bacteria [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e]. Therefore, the antagonistic activity is likely to further expand the application potential of PSB in agriculture and forestry.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRoad verges are a very important part of urban landscaping, which have ecological and aesthetic functions in the cities [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e]. However, the ecosystem of urban road verges always be more fragile than natural forests, because of its low biodiversity in plant species [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e22\u003c/span\u003e] and the special soil properties influenced by urban construction and traffic [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e]. Moreover, the special conflicts of plants and their roots with city infrastructure elements also bring plant growth limitations [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e]. Soil microorganisms play important roles in maintaining soil activity and plant adaptation to stresses [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e]. Nevertheless, the contribution of the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), especially PSB, to the ecological stability of the urban road verge is still unclear.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePoplar is the most common plant in road verges in China. In this study, we isolated and screened mineral and organic PSB from the rhizosphere of poplar in the road verge. The isolated PSB strains were identified and their Phosphate-solubilizing (PS) activities were evaluated. The antagonistic activities of the PSB strains against five phytopathogens were assessed. This study would facilitate an understanding of the population structure and functions of PSB strains in rhizospheric soil of the urban road verge.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Methods","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSample collection and isolation of PSB\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe soil samples were collected from the rhizosphere of 15 years old poplar trees from road verge in the city of Huaian, China (119.05\u0026rsquo;N, 33.57\u0026rsquo;E) in June. Three samples were collected from three different poplar trees. The sample sites were around 2-3 m to the trunk. Before sampling the soils, 3-5 cm layer of the surface soils were removed. The soils were collected from 6-15 cm soil layer close to the poplar roots. The sample shovel was sterilized with ethanol solution (75%) and sealed in a sterile self-sealing bag. The physical and chemical characteristics of the soil samples were analyzed by Anhui PinceTesting Technology Service Co. LTD. The contents of the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available phosphate, calcium, ferrum, magnesium, organic matters, and soil pH value were determined following the soil testing methods of the Agricultural Industry Standard of the People\u0026apos;s Republic of China. The National Botanical Research Institute\u0026rsquo;s Phosphate (NBRIP) growth agar medium and Pikovskaya\u0026apos;s agar media were used to isolate the mineral and organic PSB strains, respectively. Ten grams (fresh weight) of the soils were suspended in 100 mL of sterile saline solution and shaken at 150 rpm, 28\u0026deg;C for 30 min in a rotary shaker. The mixed liquid was serially diluted into 10\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c/sup\u003e-fold and 100 \u0026mu;L of the diluent of 10\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c/sup\u003e-10\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c/sup\u003e fold was plated on NBRIP and Pikovskaya\u0026apos;s agar media respectively. After 5 days of stationary incubation at 28\u0026deg;C, the colonies with a clear halo around were selected and streak cultured on LB agar media. The single colony was picked up with an inoculating loop and cultured in LB broth at 180 rpm, 28\u0026deg;C for 16-24 h. The phosphate solubilization of the purified colonies was reconfirmed by inoculating 10 \u0026mu;L of the cultured media (10\u003csup\u003e8\u003c/sup\u003e CFU/mL) into NBRIP or Pikovskaya\u0026apos;s agar media with three replicates respectively. The preliminary assessment of PS activities was evaluated by the ratio (R) (R = clear halo diameter/colony diameter). The isolated PSB strains were stored at -80\u0026deg;C for further research.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAssessment of the solubilizing activities of PSB strains\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe NBRIP and Pikovskaya\u0026apos;s broth media were used to quantitatively evaluate the PS activities of the selected mineral or organic PSB strains, respectively. For mineral PSB, individually, Ca\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e(PO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e)\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, FePO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e and AlPO\u003csub\u003e4\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sub\u003ewere used as insoluble phosphate sources in NBRIP broth media. After being cultured at 180 rpm, 28\u0026deg;C for 16-24 h, the PSB strains were washed twice, diluted into 10\u003csup\u003e8\u003c/sup\u003e CFU/mL with distilled water, and acted as inocula. Five hundred \u0026mu;L of the inoculum was inoculated into 50 mL NBRIP or Pikovskaya\u0026apos;s broth medium in a 100-mL Erlenmeyer flask and the flasks were cultured at 180 rpm, 28\u0026deg;C for 72 h. Each PSB strain was inoculated in triplicate, and medium without inoculation served as a control. After incubation, the supernatant was separated by centrifugation at 10,000 g for 10 min and then filtrated with 0.22-mm-pore-size of medical millex-GP filters (Millipore, Bedford, Mass.). The concentration of solubilized phosphate in the supernatant was detected by using the ascorbate method [26]. The pH value was measured by a basic pH meter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e16S rRNA gene and phylogenetic analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe PSB strains were inoculated into LB nutrient broth and cultured at 180 rpm, 28\u0026deg;C for 16-24 h. One mL of the medium was sampled and centrifuged for cell collection. After washing three times with sterile saline solution, the bacterial cell was used for total genomic DNA isolation with the CTAB method [27]. Using the total genomic DNA as a template, universal bacterial primers (24F: AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG and 1492R: TACGGYTACCTTGTTACGACTT) as primers, the 16S rRNA genes were amplified by PCR and following sequencing for identification. The similarity of the 16S rRNA gene sequences was compared with the genetic database available using both the NCBI Blastn program (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) and Eztaxon 16S-based Identify System (http://147.47.212.35:8080/). The identified sequences were uploaded to the GenBank nucleotide sequence database. The phylogenetic dendrogram was constructed by the neighbor-joining method and tree topology was evaluated by performing bootstrap analysis with 1,000 replicates using Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA 7.0) software.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAntagonism against pathogenic microorganisms\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe antagonistic activities of the PSB strains were tested by using confrontation or dual culture tests [28]. Five phytopathogens including five fungi: \u003cem\u003eF. oxysporum\u003c/em\u003e S1, \u003cem\u003eF. oxysporum\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eS2、\u003cem\u003eP.\u0026nbsp;deliense\u003c/em\u003e Meurs Z4,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;Phomopsis\u003c/em\u003e sp. AC1 and one bacterum \u003cem\u003eP. carotovorum\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eTP1 were selected in this study. The pathogenic fungi were cultured on PDA agar plates under 28\u0026deg;C for a week. The agar medium covered with the pathogen hypha was cut into 6 mm diameter discs with a cork borer and inoculated onto the center of a new PDA plate (Diameter 90 mm). For the pathogenic bacterium, 150 \u0026mu;L of the inoculum (10\u003csup\u003e8\u003c/sup\u003e CFU/mL) was inoculated onto the center of a new LB plate, and the inoculum was prepared as the PSB strain inoculum described above. The PSB strain inocula (100 \u0026mu;L) were inoculated to both sides of the pathogen at an equal distance. After inoculation, the agar plates were incubated under at 28\u0026deg;C for 5 days. Each PSB strain vs. each pathogen strain was carried out in triplicate, and the agar plate inoculated with pathogen strain was acted as a control. The shortest diameter (d) of the pathogen colony that grew towards the bacterial colony on each confrontation plate and the maximum diameter (D) of the colony that grew away form the bacterial colony were measured after incubation. The antagonistic activity was quantified by visible zones of fungal growth inhibition (FGI)\u0026nbsp;using the\u0026nbsp;equation 1:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAntagonistic\u0026nbsp;activity (%) = (D - d) / D \u0026times; 100% \u0026nbsp;(Eq. 1)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter the direct confrontation, the PSB strain with good performance in inhibiting pathogen growth was cultured in LB broth medium at 180 rpm, 28\u0026deg;C for 24 h. The medium was centrifuged at 10000 rpm for 3 min, and then the supernatant was filtrated with 0.22-mm-pore-size of medical millex-GP filters (Millipore, Bedford, Mass). The antagonistic activity of the supernatant was detected using the same direct confrontation method. One hundred \u0026mu;L of the supernatant was injected onto the both sides of the pathogen. The other operations were the same as above.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Analysis and Processing\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicrosoft Excel 2016 (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, USA) was used to collate and analyze the data of PS activities. Multiple comparison analysis of the data in the present study were carried out using SPSS (version 16.0) (IBM Inc., New York, USA) with LSD method.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSoil sample and PSB isolates\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe chemical characteristics of the soil sample are displayed in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e. The soil is weakly alkaline. The contents of total nitrogen and phosphorus in soil are much lower than that of total potassium. The ratio of available phosphate to total phosphorus is 0.93%. For metallic elements, Ca content is higher than Fe and Mg. The organic matter content in soil is only 1.39%. In the preliminary screening, 21 mineral PSB strains and 14 organic PSB strains showed obvious clear halo around their colonies on agar media, respectively. The ratio R of nine mineral PSB strains was beyond 1.5, and the ratio R of none of organic PSB was not beyond 1.5 (Tables\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhysicochemical properties of the soil samples.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"10\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSoil type\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003epH value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTotal N (g/kg)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTotal P (g/kg)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTotal K (g/kg)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAvailable P (mg/kg)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCa\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e(g/kg)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFe\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e(g/kg)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMg\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e(g/kg)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrganic matter (g/kg)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYellow\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.71\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.516\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.004\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.34\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.15\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.53\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.124\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.73\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eData are means of three replicates\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;S. D.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreliminary screening results of the PSB isolates\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"8\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMineral PSB isolates\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eClear halo diameter / mm\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eColony diameter / mm\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRatio R\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrganic PSB isolates\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eClear halo diameter / mm\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eColony diameter / mm\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRatio R\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.67\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.04\u003csup\u003ed\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp1-Ha1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.09\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.03\u003csup\u003ecde\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.11\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.14\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp1-Ha2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.74\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.10\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.04\u003csup\u003ecde\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.84\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.06\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp1-Ha3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.13\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.02\u003csup\u003ebcd\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.04\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.02\u003csup\u003eab\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp1-Ha4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.08\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.02\u003csup\u003ede\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.54\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.01\u003csup\u003ee\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp2-Ha3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.76\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.06\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.05\u003csup\u003ee\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.72\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.06\u003csup\u003ed\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp3-Ha3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.15\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.09\u003csup\u003ebc\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.46\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.02\u003csup\u003efg\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp3-Ha4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.98\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.13\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.07\u003csup\u003ecd\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.04\u003csup\u003ej\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp3-Ha5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.20\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.03\u003csup\u003eab\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.01\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.01\u003csup\u003el\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp3-Ha6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.07\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.01\u003csup\u003ede\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.96\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.02\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp4-Ha2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.97\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.12\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.02\u003csup\u003ecd\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp2-Ha4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.01\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.00\u003csup\u003el\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp4-Ha3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.13\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.03\u003csup\u003ebcd\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp2-Ha8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.29\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.02\u003csup\u003eij\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp4-Ha4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;.1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.07\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.05\u003csup\u003ede\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp2-Ha11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.67\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.05\u003csup\u003ed\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp4-Ha6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.03\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp2-Ha20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.46\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.02\u003csup\u003efg\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp4-Ha7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.98\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.11\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.03\u003csup\u003ecd\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp2-Ha21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.35\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.04\u003csup\u003ehi\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp3-Ha1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.45\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.01\u003csup\u003efg\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp4-Ha1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.41\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.03\u003csup\u003egh\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp4-Ha6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.51\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.03\u003csup\u003eef\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp4-Ha22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.23\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.03\u003csup\u003ejk\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp4-Ha28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.03\u003csup\u003ej\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp4-Ha30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.16\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.02\u003csup\u003ek\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eData are means of three replicates\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;S. D.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLowercase letters in the data of ratio R indicate significant differences at \u003cem\u003eP\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05\u003c/em\u003e level.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003ePhosphate solubilizing activities of the PSB isolates\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe PS activities of the 21 mineral PSB strains and 14 organic PSB strains were quantitatively assessed (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e). For mineral PSB strains, all 21 strains showed much better solubilization to Ca\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e(PO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e)\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e than FePO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e or AlPO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e, and the fold of differences ranged from 2 to 46. The concentrations of solubilized phosphate from Ca\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e(PO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e)\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e ranged from 33.14 to 453.33 mg/L, which were 6.69 to 17.08 mg/L from FePO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e and 13.02 to 34.16 mg/L from AlPO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e. The concentrations of solubilized phosphate were the highest for Mp1-Ha7 (453.33 mg/L), Mp1-Ha3 (391.50 mg/L), Mp2-Ha11 (373.79 mg/L) Mp1-Ha4 (355.78 mg/L), Mp1-Ha8 (322.40 mg/L), Mp1-Ha11 (227.98 mg/L) and Mp1-Ha10 (150.36 mg/L) with Ca\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e(PO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e)\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e as the insoluble phosphate source. These results were consistent with the clear halo performances on NBRIP agar. The medium pH values decreased in varying degrees when the PSB strains solubilized the three insoluble phosphate source (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e). The medium pH value was significantly negatively correlated with the concentration of solubilized phosphate when using Ca\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e(PO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e)\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e as the insoluble phosphate source (R=-0.904, \u003cem\u003eP\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05\u003c/em\u003e), whiling it did not show any obvious relationship when using FePO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e or AlPO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e as the insoluble phosphate source. For organic PSB strains, the highest concentrations of solubilized phosphate were 9.07 mg/L for Op4-Ha3 and 2.237 mg/L for Op1-Ha2.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhosphate-solubilizing activities of the PSB strains\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMineral PSB isolates\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c4\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSolubilized phosphate concentration (mg/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrganic\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePSB isolates\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSolubilized phosphate concentration (mg/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCa\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e(PO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e)\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFePO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlPO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLecithin\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e43.40\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.98\u003csup\u003ek\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.46\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.29\u003csup\u003ejkl\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.77\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.11\u003csup\u003eh\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp1-Ha1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.52\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.04\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e391.50\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.26\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.08\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.34\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.46\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.48\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp1-Ha2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.23\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.07\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e355.78\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;6.26\u003csup\u003ed\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.61\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.15\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.82\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.11\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp1-Ha3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.27\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.03\u003csup\u003ej\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e453.33\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.63\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.36\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.36\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.16\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.24\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp1-Ha4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.51\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.04\u003csup\u003eh\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e322.40\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;5.03\u003csup\u003ee\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.96\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.52\u003csup\u003emn\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.96\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.39\u003csup\u003eij\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp2-Ha3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.32\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.04\u003csup\u003ed\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e150.36\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;5.64\u003csup\u003eg\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.28\u003csup\u003egh\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.45\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.28\u003csup\u003ef\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp3-Ha3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.95\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.08\u003csup\u003ee\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e227.98\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;11.05\u003csup\u003ef\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.92\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.29\u003csup\u003ed\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.57\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.23\u003csup\u003ed\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp3-Ha4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.76\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.04\u003csup\u003ef\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e98.54\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.35\u003csup\u003eh\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.78\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.17\u003csup\u003ei\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.39\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.20\u003csup\u003ei\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp3-Ha5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.00\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.03\u003csup\u003ee\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.14\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.04\u003csup\u003el\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.69\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.42\u003csup\u003en\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.64\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.20\u003csup\u003em\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp3-Ha6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.37\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.04\u003csup\u003ei\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e95.21\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.12\u003csup\u003eh\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.26\u003csup\u003ee\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.22\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.30\u003csup\u003ek\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp4-Ha2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.67\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.02\u003csup\u003efg\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp2-Ha4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e37.02\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.08\u003csup\u003ekl\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.35\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.26\u003csup\u003ef\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.45\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.23\u003csup\u003ep\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp4-Ha3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.07\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.12\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp2-Ha8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e37.71\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.12\u003csup\u003ekl\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.42\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.24\u003csup\u003eg\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.82\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.19\u003csup\u003en\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp4-Ha4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.93\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.06\u003csup\u003ee\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp2-Ha11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e373.79\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;10.24\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.85\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.09\u003csup\u003ehi\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.28\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.14\u003csup\u003ee\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp4-Ha6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.63\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.07\u003csup\u003eg\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp2-Ha20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e56.08\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.38\u003csup\u003eij\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.41\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.21\u003csup\u003ejkl\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.46\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.24\u003csup\u003el\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp4-Ha7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.28\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.06\u003csup\u003ed\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp2-Ha21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e57.98\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.74\u003csup\u003eij\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.72\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.07\u003csup\u003ej\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.86\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.05\u003csup\u003ej\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp3-Ha1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.38\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.006\u003csup\u003ekl\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.65\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.12\u003csup\u003ejk\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.94\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.51\u003csup\u003eij\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp4-Ha1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51.82\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.35\u003csup\u003ej\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.57\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.27\u003csup\u003ei\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.04\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.28\u003csup\u003eg\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp4-Ha6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e61.11\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.66\u003csup\u003ei\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.79\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.08\u003csup\u003ei\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.55\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.55\u003csup\u003ej\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp4-Ha22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e37.35\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.15\u003csup\u003ekl\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.12\u003csup\u003eklm\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.08\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.06\u003csup\u003elm\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp4-Ha28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.00\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.08\u003csup\u003ekl\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.05\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.27\u003csup\u003elmn\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.02\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.22\u003csup\u003eo\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMp4-Ha30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35.83\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.07\u003csup\u003el\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.67\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.26\u003csup\u003ef\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.35\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.25\u003csup\u003el\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eData are means of three replicates\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;S. D.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLowercase letters indicate significant differences in each column at \u003cem\u003eP\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05\u003c/em\u003e level.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003ePhylogenetic identification of the PSB strains\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rDNA sequences of the PSB strains and closest phylogenic reference strains were presented in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e. The 21 mineral PSB strains can be categorized into four groups: Firmicutes (42.9%), α-proteobacteria (38.1%), Gammaproteobacteria (9.5%), and Actinobacteria (9.5%). The 14 organic PSB strains can be categorized into three groups: Firmicutes (57.1%), Gammaproteobacteria (35.7%), and β-proteobacteria (7.1%). The identification of the PSB strains was combined with the alignments of the 16S rDNA sequences of the PSB strains and the closest phylogenic reference strains from the two databases. The accession numbers and the similarities results are listed in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e. The PSB strains belonged to 12 genera and 25 species. \u003cem\u003eBacillus\u003c/em\u003e (7 isolates) and \u003cem\u003eEnsifer\u003c/em\u003e (5 isolates) were the most dominant genera for mineral PSB strains. \u003cem\u003eE. adhaerens\u003c/em\u003e was the most dominant species (3 isolates). \u003cem\u003eBacillus\u003c/em\u003e (7 isolates) and \u003cem\u003ePseudomonas\u003c/em\u003e (5 isolates) were the most dominant genera for organic PSB strains. \u003cem\u003ePseudomonas\u003c/em\u003e sp. was the most dominant species (4 isolates).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 4\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eAlignment results of 16S rDNA sequences of the PSB strains with genetic databases\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"681\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMineral PSB strains\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAccession\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"38.76651982378855%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGenBank database\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"41.70337738619677%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEzBioCloud database\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" width=\"26.277372262773724%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTop-hit strain\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.489051094890511%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIdentity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" width=\"12.408759124087592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAccession\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" width=\"25.72992700729927%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTop-hit taxon\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.671532846715328%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIdentity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" width=\"16.423357664233578%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAccession\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"49.523809523809526%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e(%)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"50.476190476190474%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e(%)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003529\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus zanthoxyli\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eON693697\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus zanthoxyli\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKX865140\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMN461567\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eStaphylococcus succinus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMN758800\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eStaphylococcus succinus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAF004220\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMN461566\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCedecea\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMK101024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCedecea\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCP009451\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003530\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eRhizobium\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKY630727\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eNeorhizobium\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98.71\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSLYW01000027\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003531\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePhyllobacterium ifriqiyense\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMF101109\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePhyllobacterium ifriqiyense\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAY785325\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003532\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEnsifer sesbaniae\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMT534067\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEnsifer sesbaniae\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJF834143\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003533\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus cereus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMN543837\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus cereus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAE016877\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003534\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEnsifer sesbaniae\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNR_133053\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEnsifer sesbaniae\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.71\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJF834143\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003535\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEnsifer adhaerens\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eON614210\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEnsifer adhaerens\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.71\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJNAE01000171\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp1-Ha32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003536\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSinorhizobium meliloti\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.70\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMK326563\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSinorhizobium meliloti\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eX67222\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp2-Ha4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003537\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEnsifer adhaerens\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMT431909\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEnsifer adhaerens\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJNAE01000171\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp2-Ha8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003538\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEnsifer adhaerens\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMT102285\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEnsifer adhaerens\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJNAE01000171\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp2-Ha11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003539\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePantoea brenneri\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJX113245\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePantoea brenneri\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e97.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMIEI01000169\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp2-Ha20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003540\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCellulosimicrobium funkei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMT549101\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCellulosimicrobium funkei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAY501364\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp2-Ha21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003541\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCellulosimicrobium funkei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMT549101\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCellulosimicrobium funkei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAY501364\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp3-Ha1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003542\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus siamensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eON797016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus siamensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAJVF01000043\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp4-Ha1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003543\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus subtilis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMN435586\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus subtilis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.71\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eABQL01000001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp4-Ha6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003544\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eStaphylococcus haemolyticus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMW391753\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eStaphylococcus haemolyticus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLILF01000056\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp4-Ha22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003545\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus altitudinis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMT981196\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus altitudinis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eASJC01000029\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp4-Ha28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003546\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus amyloliquefaciens\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKX980396\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus amyloliquefaciens\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.71\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFN597644\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMp4-Ha30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP003547\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus siamensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKY401429\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus siamensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAJVF01000043\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOrganic PSB strains\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAccession\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"38.76651982378855%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGenBank database\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"41.70337738619677%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEzBioCloud database\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" width=\"26.277372262773724%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTop-hit strain\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.489051094890511%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIdentity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" width=\"12.408759124087592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAccession\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" width=\"25.72992700729927%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTop-hit taxon\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.671532846715328%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIdentity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" width=\"16.423357664233578%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAccession\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"49.523809523809526%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e(%)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"50.476190476190474%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e(%)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOp1-Ha1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP006269\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus safensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJF411308\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus safensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKY990920\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOp1-Ha2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP006270\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus cereus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMT492023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus cereus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAE016877\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOp1-Ha3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP006271\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMG230315\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLJIY01000004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOp1-Ha4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP006272\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus subtilis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKP676166\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLJIY01000004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOp2-Ha3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP006273\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus cereus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLK391649\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus albus\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(\u003cem\u003ecereus\u003c/em\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMAOE01000087\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOp3-Ha3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP006274\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePseudomonas\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFJ601641\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePseudomonas\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCP011567\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOp3-Ha4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP006275\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePseudomonas\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMT026958\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePseudomonas\u003c/em\u003e sp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCP011567\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOp3-Ha5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP006276\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePaenibacillus profundus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNR_132304\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePaenibacillus profundus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAB712351\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOp3-Ha6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP006277\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePseudomonas\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKC782842\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePseudomonas\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAP013068\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOp4-Ha2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP006278\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePseudomonas ficuserectae\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKF424289\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePseudomonas ficuserectae\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAB021378\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOp4-Ha3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP006279\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus wiedmannii\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eON231680\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus wiedmannii\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLOBC01000053\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOp4-Ha4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP006280\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus proteolyticus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOM017181\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacillus proteolyticus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMACH01000033\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOp4-Ha6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP006281\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePseudomonas\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.86\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMG266332\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePseudomonas\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCP017886\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOp4-Ha7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.544787077826726%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOP006282\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.145374449339208%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eDelftia tsuruhatensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.63582966226138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.985315712187958%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMT374262\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.704845814977972%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eDelftia tsuruhatensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.782672540381792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.215859030837004%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBCTO01000107\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/br\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eAntagonistic effect of the PSB strains against pathogenic microorganisms\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the dual culture tests, 8 PSB strains showed obvious growth inhibition against the phytopathogens (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e, Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e). Among them, \u003cem\u003eB. siamensis\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha30 showed growth inhibition in all these five phytopathogens (FGI\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;40%). \u003cem\u003eB. zanthoxyli\u003c/em\u003e Mp1-Ha1, \u003cem\u003eP. ifriqiyense\u003c/em\u003e Mp1-Ha8, and \u003cem\u003eC. funkei\u003c/em\u003e Mp2-Ha20 only performed growth inhibition to \u003cem\u003eP. carotovorum\u003c/em\u003e TP1. Growth of both \u003cem\u003eF. oxysporum\u003c/em\u003e S1 and S2 were inhibited by \u003cem\u003eB. siamensis\u003c/em\u003e Mp3-Ha1, \u003cem\u003eB. subtilis\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha1, \u003cem\u003eB. amyloliquefaciens\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha28, and \u003cem\u003eB. siamensis\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha30. \u003cem\u003eB. amyloliquefaciens\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha28 and \u003cem\u003eB. siamensis\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha30 displayed the best antagonism to \u003cem\u003eF. oxysporum\u003c/em\u003e S1 and S2, with FGI of 63.84 and 66.51%, respectively. Five PSB strains performed powerful antagonistic activities against \u003cem\u003eP. deliense\u003c/em\u003e Meurs Z4, and \u003cem\u003eB. siamensis\u003c/em\u003e Mp3-Ha1 showed the highest growth inhibition rate (FGI 78.21%). Different from the other phytopathogens, the growth of \u003cem\u003ePhomopsis\u003c/em\u003e sp. A1 was restrained by only one strain \u003cem\u003eB. siamensis\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha30 (FGI 65.32%). On the contrary, the growth \u003cem\u003eP. carotovorum\u003c/em\u003e TP1 could be inhibited by all 8 PSB strains, and the highest growth inhibition rate (FGI 55.86%) was carried out by \u003cem\u003eB. amyloliquefaciens\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha28. Noticeably, no organic PSB strains presented antagonistic activities in the tests. similar results were obtained when used the supernatants were used as substitutes of the strains in the dual culture tests. Exceptionally, the supernatant of \u003cem\u003eB. altitudinis\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha22 did not show any growth inhibition to the phytopathogens, and the two low antagonistic active stains \u003cem\u003eB. aanthoxyli\u003c/em\u003e Mp1-Ha1 and \u003cem\u003eP. ifriqiyense\u003c/em\u003e Mp1-Ha8 completely lost their growth inhibition activities when using the supernatants instead of the strain. For the other PSB strains, their antagonistic activities of supernatants did no demonstrate any significant (\u003cem\u003eP\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05\u003c/em\u003e) changes with the strain tests.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab5\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 5\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntagonistic activities of the PSB strains against phytopathogen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"7\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" morerows=\"1\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePSB Strains\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"5\" nameend=\"c7\" namest=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFGI\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eF. oxysporum\u003c/em\u003e S1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eF. oxysporum\u003c/em\u003e S2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP.\u0026nbsp;deliense\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;Meurs Z4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePhomopsis\u003c/em\u003e sp. A1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP. carotovorum\u003c/em\u003e TP1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eB. zanthoxyli\u003c/em\u003e Mp1-Ha1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSupernatant\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP. ifriqiyense\u003c/em\u003e Mp1-Ha8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSupernatant\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eC. funkei\u003c/em\u003e Mp2-Ha20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSupernatant\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eB. siamensis\u003c/em\u003e Mp3-Ha1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSupernatant\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eB. subtilis\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSupernatant\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eB. altitudinis\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSupernatant\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eB. amyloliquefaciens\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSupernatant\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eB. siamensis\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSupernatant\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+++\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFGI means fungal growth inhibition. \u0026ldquo;-\u0026rdquo; means no obvious inhibition on pathogenic microorganisms. \u0026ldquo;+\u0026rdquo; means FGI\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;40%. \u0026ldquo;++\u0026rdquo; means 40% \u0026lt; FGI\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;60%. \u0026ldquo;+++\u0026rdquo; means FGI\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;60%.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eIt is reported that the soil from road verges had a lower level of nutrients, and lower humus levels compared to natural areas [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e]. In this study, the contents of the nutrient elements nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter in the road verge soil were below the average levels of natural soil in China [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e]. Less organic PSB strains were isolated than mineral PSB strains, which would because the low concentration of humus [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e]. Regular cleaning in the city removes most of the litter of road verges, and blocks the decomposition of litter in to organic phosphate and other organic matters in the soil [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e31\u003c/span\u003e]. The natural selection of low level of organic phosphate would account for the low detection frequency of organic PSB and their low PS activities.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOn the contrary, the mineral PSB strains in this study showed better performances both in isolated numbers and PS activities. The concentration of solubilized phosphate released from Ca\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e(PO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e)\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e by 7 strains was above 150 mg/L. The quantitative results of PS activities in broth media were consistent (78%) with the preliminary assessment on an agar plate suggesting the reliability of the clear halo assessment of PS activity on NBRIP agar. It is demonstrated that the mineral PSB strains solubilize mineral phosphate by acidifying the environment with organic acids secretion [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e32\u003c/span\u003e]. We also found a negative correlation between the PS activities and media pH (R=-0.904, \u003cem\u003eP\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05\u003c/em\u003e). Although the media pH also showed an obvious decrease when FePO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e or AlPO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e as a mineral phosphate source, but the concentrations of solubilized phosphate by the PSB strains were much lower. Similar results were also obtained by Illmer et al. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e33\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e34\u003c/span\u003e]. They thought the organic acids secretion and environment acidification were not the only mechanism for the PSB strain to solubilize mineral phosphate. Moreover, the nature of the organic acids significantly affects the mineral phosphate solubilization by PSB [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e35\u003c/span\u003e]. These would explain the variety of the PS activities toward different phosphate sources by the PSB strains. Moreover, the soil sample showed high content of Ca\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e(PO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e)\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e than the other phosphate sources. It is suggested that higher PS activities to Ca\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e(PO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e)\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e would also be the result from natural selection.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIsolation and screening of PSB strains from different soil resources are the bases for further research and application as biofertilizers or biocontrol agents [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]. Up to now, the PSB strains in road verges soils were rarely researched. In this study, the phylogenetic identification results showed that, \u003cem\u003eBacillus\u003c/em\u003e (7 isolates), \u003cem\u003eEnsifer\u003c/em\u003e (5 isolates) and, \u003cem\u003eBacillus\u003c/em\u003e (7 isolates), \u003cem\u003ePseudomonas\u003c/em\u003e (5 isolates) were the most dominant genera of mineral and organic PSB strains. The isolated strains belonged to the common categories of PGPR, like α-proteobacteria, β-proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Gammaproteobacteria [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e36\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR37\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e37\u003c/span\u003e]. Among them, \u003cem\u003eBacillus\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003ePseudomonas\u003c/em\u003e were the two of the most abundant genera of PSB strains in diverse soil resources [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e38\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e39\u003c/span\u003e]. In the present study, the seven most effective PSB strains were \u003cem\u003eS. succinus\u003c/em\u003e Mp1-Ha3, \u003cem\u003eCedecea\u003c/em\u003e sp. Mp1-Ha4, \u003cem\u003eR.\u003c/em\u003e sp. Mp1-Ha7, \u003cem\u003eP. ifriqiyense\u003c/em\u003e Mp1-Ha8, \u003cem\u003eE. sesbaniae\u003c/em\u003e Mp1-Ha10, \u003cem\u003eB. cereus\u003c/em\u003e Mp1-Ha11 and \u003cem\u003eP. brenneri\u003c/em\u003e Mp2-Ha11. It displayed good microbial diversity of PSB strains in the road verge soil and provided good microbial resources for the further PGPR research.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs a typical PGPR, PSB strains play important roles in adjusting the rhizospheric microbial community, providing a beneficial microecological environment for the plants [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e]. Pathogenic resistance abilities of PSB strain, including bacteriostasis ability and antifungal activity have been demonstrated to be one of the beneficial traits for the associated plant [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e]. In this study, the antagonistic activities of PSB strains against different types of phytopathogen were assessed. \u003cem\u003eF. oxysporum\u003c/em\u003e is a soil colonized fungal phytopathogen with wide host range and strong pathogenicity [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e40\u003c/span\u003e]. \u003cem\u003eP. deliense\u003c/em\u003e Meurs is also regarded as a fungal phytopathogen from the rhizosphere, leading to root disease [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR41\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e41\u003c/span\u003e]. Against the soil fungal phytopathogens, \u003cem\u003eF. oxysporum\u003c/em\u003e S1 and S2, 4 PSB strains showed growth inhibition performances, and 5 PSB strians for \u003cem\u003eP.deliense\u003c/em\u003e Meurs Z4, respectively. Unlike the soil fungal phytopathogen, the poplar canker disease pathogen \u003cem\u003ePhomopsis\u003c/em\u003e sp. A1 just be restained by \u003cem\u003eB. Siamensis\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha30. It is reported that the effective biocontrol \u003cem\u003eB. pumilus\u003c/em\u003e to poplar canker disease pathogen \u003cem\u003eP. macrospora\u003c/em\u003e was isolated in the poplar stem, especially the infected tissues [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR42\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e42\u003c/span\u003e]. Similarly, the biocontrol agent against the sheath blight pathogen of rice is also found in the rice tissues [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e43\u003c/span\u003e]. These results implied that the rhizosphere would not be the best place to isolate the biocontrol agents against the pathogen of aboveground diseases. For the only bacterial phytopathogen, \u003cem\u003eP. carotovorum\u003c/em\u003e is also a soil phytopathogen that caused soft rot disease on many crops [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e44\u003c/span\u003e]. The strain \u003cem\u003eP. carotovorum\u003c/em\u003e TP1 was restrained by all the 8 PSB strains. Many secondary metabolites are secreted by PGPR that can suppress pathogenic bacterial growth [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR45\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e45\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR46\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e46\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCurrently, the antifungal microorganisms seem to catch more attention and the mechanisms of antagonism against fungal phytopathogen are more complicate [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e]. Overall, the mechanisms of biocontrol agents against the phytopathogens can be included as follows: (1) competing with pathogens; (2) production of extracellular antimicrobial metabolites, like antibiotics, lytic enzymes, hydrolytic enzymes, and bacteriocins. et al.; (3) priming plants for induced systemic resistance [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR46\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e46\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR47\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e47\u003c/span\u003e]. In this study, the supernatants of most of the PSB strains presented similar antagonistic activities with the strain tests. It indicated that the extracellular metabolites would mainly account for the antagonistic abilities of the PSB strains.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003eWe isolated the PSB strains from road verge soil. Some of them showed high activities of phosphate solubilization and presented effective antagonistic activities to different types of phytopathogens. These PSB strains perform multiple functions in maintaining ecosystem stability in road verge. The development and application of bio-agents based on these PSB strains would provide an environment-friendly alternative to chemical fertilizers and synthetic pesticides. Further, in-depth studies on the other plant growth-promoting traits, mechanisms of antagonistic abilities, and field experiments should be carried out in the future.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Abbreviations","content":"\u003cp\u003ephosphate-solubilizing microorganism (PSM)\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eplant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePhosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB)\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePhosphate-solubilizing activity (PS activity)\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBotanical Research Institute\u0026rsquo;s Phosphate (NBRIP)\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFungal growth inhibition (FGI)\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics approval and consent to participate\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent for publication\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting Interests\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare no competing interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAvailability of data and materials\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting interests\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31700546). The funder (ZQ) contributed to study design, laboratory work, data analysis and manuscript writing.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor Contributions\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll authors contributed to the study conception and design. The laboratory work, data collection and analysis were performed by\u0026nbsp;ZQ, TL, ZY, SY and WW. Data analysis and the first draft of the manuscript was written by, ZQ, WJ and DX. HX and MB contributed to\u0026nbsp;the discussion section and modification of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgments \u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe are grateful to the National Natural Science Foundation of China. We appreciate professor Yunpeng Wang from Huaiyin Institute of Technology for generously providing the pathogen strains.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eSchachtman DP, Reid RJ, Ayling SM. Phosphorus uptake by plants: From soil to cell. Plant Physiol. 1998;116(2):447-453.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eElser JJ. Phosphorus: a limiting nutrient for humanity? Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2012;23(6):833-838.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eGoldstein AH. Bacterial solubilization of mineral phosphates: historical perspective and future prospects. Am J Alternative Agr. 1986;1(2):51-57.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eChen M, Chen J, Sun F. Agricultural phosphorus flow and its environmental impacts in China. Sci Total Environ. 2008;405(1):140-152.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eKhan MS, Zaidi A, Wani PA. Role of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms in sustainable agriculture-A review. 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Plant Science. 2018;267:102-111.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eSundh I, Goettel MS. Regulating biocontrol agents: a historical perspective and a critical examination comparing microbial and macrobial agents. Biocontrol. 2013;58(5):575-593.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":true,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-microbiology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"mcro","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Microbiology](http://bmcmicrobiol.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/mcro","title":"BMC Microbiology","twitterHandle":"#bmcmicrobiology","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Phosphate-solubilizing activity, antagonistic activity, biofertilizer, biocontrol","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2257242/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2257242/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhosphate-solubilizing bacteria can solubilize insoluble phosphate compounds and improve phosphate availability in soil. Road verges are important parts of urban landscaping, but the pupulation structure of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and their ecological functions in the road verge soil is still unclear.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eWe isolated and identified the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from the rhizosphere of poplar in urban road verge to figure out the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria community and their functions in urban road verge soil. Their phosphate-solubilizing and antagonistic activities were evaluated. Twenty-one mineral phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and 14 organic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were screened from the soil samples. All the mineral phosphate-solubilizing bacteria showed better solubilization to Ca\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e(PO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e)\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e than FePO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e or AlPO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e. Among them, 7 strains showed high phosphate-solubilizing activities to Ca\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e(PO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e)\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e (150\u0026ndash;453 mg/L). All the organic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria displayed weak solubilization to lecithin. 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis showed good species diversity of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, which belongs to 12 genera: \u003cem\u003eBacillus\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eCedecea\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eCellulosimicrobium\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eDelftia\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eEnsifer\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ePaenibacillus\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ePantoea\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ePhyllobacterium\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ePseudomonas\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eRhizobium\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eSinorhizobium\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eStaphylococcus\u003c/em\u003e. Moreover, 8 strains showed various degrees of growth inhibition against the phytopathogens: \u003cem\u003eFusarium oxysporum\u003c/em\u003e S1, \u003cem\u003eF. oxysporum\u003c/em\u003e S2、\u003cem\u003ePythium deliense\u003c/em\u003e Meurs Z4, \u003cem\u003ePhomopsis\u003c/em\u003e sp. AC1 and \u003cem\u003ePectobacterium carotovorum\u003c/em\u003e TP1. The strain \u003cem\u003eB. siamensis\u003c/em\u003e Mp4-Ha30 presented growth inhibition to all the five phytopathogens (FGI\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;60%).\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusions\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results indicated that these PSB strains could perform multiple functions in maintaining ecosystems stability in road verge and provided potential microbial resources for the further research on biofertilizers and biocontrol agents.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Isolation and characterization of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from rhizosphere of poplar in road verge and their antagonistic potential against various phytopathogens","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2023-01-06 15:34:07","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2257242/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2023-01-20T20:49:39+00:00","index":0,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2023-01-04T12:59:12+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"BMC Microbiology","date":"2023-01-04T11:29:03+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2022-11-14T23:22:55+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Microbiology","date":"2022-11-14T06:02:11+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-microbiology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"mcro","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Microbiology](http://bmcmicrobiol.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/mcro","title":"BMC Microbiology","twitterHandle":"#bmcmicrobiology","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"3ff24382-5365-4c77-83f0-4ce49c87d5e8","owner":[],"postedDate":"January 6th, 2023","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2023-10-16T22:33:20+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-2257242","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-02953-3","journal":{"identity":"bmc-microbiology","isVorOnly":false,"title":"BMC Microbiology"},"publishedOn":"2023-08-15 21:59:48","publishedOnDateReadable":"August 15th, 2023"},"versionCreatedAt":"2023-01-06 15:34:07","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s12866-023-02953-3","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-02953-3","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-2257242","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-2257242","identity":"rs-2257242","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"WrCJVZZCHTDjtuVLN7oU0","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}