Serum metabolome and gut microbiome to analyze potential mechanisms of catamenial epilepsy

Yujie Chen, Yiting Deng, Enhui Zhang, Nanya Hao, Zhujing Ou, Raowei Yan, Rui Yan, Muke Zhou, Hesheng Zhang, Dong Zhou, Xintong Wu
In: Epilepsy & Behavior · 2025 · vol. 174 , pp. 110808 · doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2025.110808 · PMID:41275703 · W4416625005
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This study investigated the interplay between serum metabolomics and gut microbiome composition to elucidate potential underlying mechanisms of catamenial epilepsy.

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Abstract

BackgroundCatamenial epilepsy (CE) is marked by an increase in seizure frequency during specific phases of the menstrual cycle. Advanced techniques such as serum metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing are being employed to investigate potential mechanisms and therapeutic approaches for managing CE.MethodsA total of 30 epilepsy patients (15 with CE and 15 temporal epilepsy) along with 15 healthy controls, were enrolled in this study. Human fecal samples and serum were collected for metabolomics analysis and 16S rDNA sequencing, respectively.ResultsA total of 117 candidate metabolites and eight gut microbiota specific to CE were identified. Glycerophospholipid pathways were the most enriched among the candidate metabolites. Notably, serum lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) 20:4 was associated with an increased seizure frequency. Additionally, differential gut metabolites were found to affect γ-aminobutyric acid degradation. A network linking sex hormones, metabolites, and gut microorganisms was constructed.ConclusionFindings clarify metabolite-microbiome-brain axis interactions, aiding CE pathogenesis understanding.

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