Elasto-mechanical properties of black locust laminated veneer lumber

Elasto-mechanical properties of black locust laminated veneer lumber | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Elasto-mechanical properties of black locust laminated veneer lumber Sebastian Hirschmüller, Samuel Blumer This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5312383/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 06 Aug, 2025 Read the published version in European Journal of Wood and Wood Products → Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Black locust ( Robinia pseudoacacia L.) has great potential for weathered exterior applications due to its natural durability and density. In particular, the narrow sapwood range and the crooked trunk areas with strong fibre inclination make the production of veneer lumber from shorter logs very interesting, except for logs with a tension back. This paper describes selected elasto-mechanical properties of Robinia laminated veneer lumber, in particular the Young´s modulus ( E ) in tension, the Poisson´s ratios ( µ ), and the strengths ( σ ). The properties E L , E R , E T , µ LT , µ TR , µ LR , and σ L , σ R , σ T were determined experimentally by tensile tests, and the lateral strain coefficients µ TL , µ RT , and µ RL were calculated from these values. The parameters were tested in a climate of 20°C and 60% relative humidity and at the moisture saturation point. The results show a significant decrease in Young's modulus and modulus of rupture with increasing wood moisture content in the longitudinal, radial, and tangential directions. No moisture dependence of the lateral strain coefficients was observed. No significant correlation was found between the properties investigated and gross density, nor between Young's modulus and tensile strength. Unlike Young's modulus and tensile strength, the lateral strain coefficients showed no clear trend with increasing wood moisture content. The strain coefficients are in good agreement with literature values, but further research with larger samples and different material sources is needed to complete the engineering constants. In addition, characteristic values of component size and material durability are of interest for future development. Black locust laminated veneer lumber poles Poisson ratio Engineering constants Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 06 Aug, 2025 Read the published version in European Journal of Wood and Wood Products → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 22 Jan, 2025 Reviews received at journal 29 Dec, 2024 Reviews received at journal 10 Dec, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 25 Nov, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 22 Nov, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 08 Nov, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 08 Nov, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 25 Oct, 2024 First submitted to journal 22 Oct, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5312383","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":370591446,"identity":"686fb706-1ceb-4e21-9501-0a4c4e9f644a","order_by":0,"name":"Sebastian Hirschmüller","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"Technical University of Applied Sciences Rosenheim","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sebastian","middleName":"","lastName":"Hirschmüller","suffix":""},{"id":370591449,"identity":"a3d33310-e255-4939-9c20-7e925a4b0208","order_by":1,"name":"Samuel Blumer","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Sblumer ZT GmbH","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Samuel","middleName":"","lastName":"Blumer","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-10-22 13:53:32","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5312383/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5312383/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-025-02300-5","type":"published","date":"2025-08-06T15:57:48+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":88814247,"identity":"3b4ab1a6-40a9-4a7d-be17-6a5737aee2c2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-11 16:09:02","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1103847,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ROBALVL.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5312383/v1_covered_80b2a879-17d8-4b0c-a0f3-a37e6866e343.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Elasto-mechanical properties of black locust laminated veneer lumber","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"european-journal-of-wood-and-wood-products","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"harw","sideBox":"Learn more about [European Journal of Wood and Wood Products](http://link.springer.com/journal/107)","snPcode":"107","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/107/3","title":"European Journal of Wood and Wood Products","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Black locust laminated veneer lumber poles, Poisson ratio, Engineering constants","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5312383/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5312383/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eBlack locust (\u003cem\u003eRobinia pseudoacacia L.)\u003c/em\u003e has great potential for weathered exterior applications due to its natural durability and density. In particular, the narrow sapwood range and the crooked trunk areas with strong fibre inclination make the production of veneer lumber from shorter logs very interesting, except for logs with a tension back. This paper describes selected elasto-mechanical properties of Robinia laminated veneer lumber, in particular the Young\u0026acute;s modulus (\u003cem\u003eE\u003c/em\u003e) in tension, the Poisson\u0026acute;s ratios (\u003cem\u003e\u0026micro;\u003c/em\u003e), and the strengths (\u003cem\u003eσ\u003c/em\u003e). The properties \u003cem\u003eE\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eL\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, \u003cem\u003eE\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eR\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, \u003cem\u003eE\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eT\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, \u003cem\u003e\u0026micro;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eLT\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, \u003cem\u003e\u0026micro;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eTR\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, \u003cem\u003e\u0026micro;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eLR\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eσ\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eL\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, \u003cem\u003eσ\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eR\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, \u003cem\u003eσ\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eT\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e were determined experimentally by tensile tests, and the lateral strain coefficients \u0026micro;\u003csub\u003eTL\u003c/sub\u003e, \u0026micro;\u003csub\u003eRT\u003c/sub\u003e, and \u0026micro;\u003csub\u003eRL\u003c/sub\u003e were calculated from these values. The parameters were tested in a climate of 20\u0026deg;C and 60% relative humidity and at the moisture saturation point. The results show a significant decrease in Young's modulus and modulus of rupture with increasing wood moisture content in the longitudinal, radial, and tangential directions. No moisture dependence of the lateral strain coefficients was observed. No significant correlation was found between the properties investigated and gross density, nor between Young's modulus and tensile strength. Unlike Young's modulus and tensile strength, the lateral strain coefficients showed no clear trend with increasing wood moisture content. The strain coefficients are in good agreement with literature values, but further research with larger samples and different material sources is needed to complete the engineering constants. In addition, characteristic values of component size and material durability are of interest for future development.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Elasto-mechanical properties of black locust laminated veneer lumber","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-11-06 11:57:48","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5312383/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-01-22T13:17:27+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-12-30T03:21:25+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-12-10T06:32:12+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"126873790010998191471358563705358499033","date":"2024-11-25T05:06:55+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"164420699967297332903106810296927169596","date":"2024-11-22T07:22:54+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2024-11-08T10:15:22+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2024-11-08T10:12:55+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2024-10-26T03:18:30+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"European Journal of Wood and Wood Products","date":"2024-10-22T13:50:58+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"european-journal-of-wood-and-wood-products","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"harw","sideBox":"Learn more about [European Journal of Wood and Wood Products](http://link.springer.com/journal/107)","snPcode":"107","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/107/3","title":"European Journal of Wood and Wood Products","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"9c5530ed-ab14-4b62-ace4-a5bca0dd7456","owner":[],"postedDate":"November 6th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-08-11T16:06:01+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-5312383","link":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-025-02300-5","journal":{"identity":"european-journal-of-wood-and-wood-products","isVorOnly":false,"title":"European Journal of Wood and Wood Products"},"publishedOn":"2025-08-06 15:57:48","publishedOnDateReadable":"August 6th, 2025"},"versionCreatedAt":"2024-11-06 11:57:48","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1007/s00107-025-02300-5","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-025-02300-5","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-5312383","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-5312383","identity":"rs-5312383","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}