Review of Clinical and Therapeutic Applications of Cellular Therapy and Endometrial Regeneration

ABSTRACT One of the challenges of current reproductive medicine is the treatment of implantation failure. In many cases the reason for this failure is unknown. Other times, is due to the presence of uterine adhesions or insufficient endometrial thickening. Nowadays, the discovery of an endometrial lineage of adult stem cells have made great progress in cell therapy. These cells are able to regenerate after each menstruation and represent an alternative to other tissues mesenchymal stem cells, such as bone marrow, embryonic cells or umbilical cord. They constitute a non-invasive solution to this common problem. The application of these therapies in human beings is still at an experimental phase. Effectiveness and safety have to be clarified in women undergoing assisted reproductive treatments. Furthermore, therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine need to be investigated. Keywords: cell therapy, endometrial regeneration, endometrial stem cells, uterine adhesions, endometrial thinning.