Optimization of Betulinic and Ursolic Acids and Phenolics Extraction from Endemic Rosa pisiformis Using Box-Behnken Design in Relation to Cytotoxic Activities

Optimization of Betulinic and Ursolic Acids and Phenolics Extraction from Endemic Rosa pisiformis Using Box-Behnken Design in Relation to Cytotoxic Activities | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Optimization of Betulinic and Ursolic Acids and Phenolics Extraction from Endemic Rosa pisiformis Using Box-Behnken Design in Relation to Cytotoxic Activities Hatice DEMİRAY, Mesut Emir, Onur ÖZEL This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4946927/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 07 Jan, 2025 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Despite its important pharmacological bioactivities, betulinic acid is still primarily obtained through extraction from heartwood and bark or synthesized synthetically, with less than 3% efficiency. Our endemic rose species, Rosa pisiformis (Christ.) D. Sosn., which is a new alternative source of betulinic acid and traditionally valued for its medicinal properties, was collected from its natural distribution in Gümüşhane province. The plant’s organs, such as root, stem, leaf and fruit were air-dried and pulverized. The compounds were separately extracted using three different solvents (ethanol, dichloromethane and hexane) with an optimized Box-Behnken method. The amounts of quercetin, rutin, catechin, betulinic, ursolic and oleanolic acids in roots, stems, leaves, and fruits were determined using HPLC-DAD techniques with standard substances. Optimisation data revealed a 65% solvent ratio and five-times maceration with 75 ml of solvents. The highest amounts of catechin were found in the leaves (DCM) as 15.61 µg/ml. Stems were rich in rutin (28.96 µg/ml) and quercetin (39.90 µg/ml). Betulinic acid content was determined for the first time in stems (hexane, 11.84 µg/ml) and roots (9.32 µg/ml). Their cytotoxic activities against prostate and lung carcinoma cells were evaluated using ABTS-assay, revealing that stems exhibited the highest activity, followed by leaves and roots. Biological sciences/Chemical biology Biological sciences/Drug discovery Biological sciences/Plant sciences Health sciences/Health care Health sciences/Oncology Box-Benchen GC-MS HPLC Rosa pisiformis secondary metabolites Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Introduction Betulinic acid is a triterpenoid known to be isolated from different organs of various plants, including Rosa sp. This metabolite inhibits the growth of human melanoma [ 1 ] cells and the replication of the AIDS virus [ 2 ]. In addition, betulinic acid derivatives trigger apoptosis in human melanoma cells [ 3 – 5 ]. Despite its significant pharmacological potential, betulinic acid is primarily obtained through extraction from the bark or extracts of Betula alba and Betula pendula , or by synthetic processes that use betulin (alcoholic triterpene) isolated from the bark of these plants as an intermediate. Therefore, new research is required to identify natural resources capable of producing large quantities of products from easily regenerable parts (leaves, lateral branches, fruit) without adversely affecting plant growth. The aim of this study is to determine and compare the amounts of betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid, as well as the phenolic compounds (catechin, rutin, and quercetin) in the root, stem, leaves, and fruits of endemic Rosa pisiformis (Christ.) D. Sosn. (red rose). For this purpose, terpenes and phenolic compounds were isolated using three different solvent systems (hexane, dichloromethane and ethanol) through an extraction technique from the roots, stems, leaves, and fruits of the plant collected from the province of Gümüşhane, a natural distribution area. The structures were analyzed using GC-MS and HPLC-DAD techniques, and quantitative determinations were performed. The rose plant is well-known for its significant amount of vitamin C, particularly in its fruits and seeds, as well as its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In addition to these benefits, the presence of triterpene acids, especially betulinic acid with its anti-cancer effects, was determined in various organs (root, stem, leaf) besides fruit. Rosehip species, containing ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds and healthy fatty acids, have antioxidant properties and are used in the treatment of skin disorders, hepatotoxicity, kidney diseases, diarrhea, inflammation, arthritis, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity and cancer [ 6 ]. Betulinic acid, identified in various Rosa species [ 7 ], particularly in Rosa canina [ 8 ], has gained significant attention in recent years due to its diverse biological and medicinal properties such as anti-bacterial, anti-malarial, anti-inflammatory, antihelmintic, antinociceptive, anti-HSV-I and anticancer effects [ 9 ]. Birch ( Betula spp., Betulaceae) is the primary source of betulinic acid, a natural compound vwidespread in the plant kingdom. However, it is also found in species such as Ziziphus spp. (Rhamnaceae), Syzygium spp. (Myrtaceae), Diospyros spp. (Ebenaceae) and Paeonia spp. (Paeoniaceae) species [ 10 ]. Phytochemical studies [ 11 ], conducted on 11 rose species distributed in the Eastern, Southern and Western regions of Türkiye, reported the total phenolic contents, vitamin C levels, and antioxidant capacities of the fruits of Rosa pisiformis , Rosa canina , Rosa villosa and Rosa dumalis subsp. Antalyensis. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities were also determined. While it was found that Rosa pisiformis fruits had the highest α-tocopherol (17.60 mg/g) content and a fructose ratio of 17.20 mg/g in fruits [ 12 ], there is currently no literature data available on the amounts of betulinic acid, ursolic acid and phenolics. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to quantify betulinic acid, ursolic acid, and phenolics in various organs such as roots, stems, leaves, and fruits of our endemic species using the Box-Benchen Method with a focus on their cytotoxic activities. Experimental section Plant material Plant materials (root, stem, leaf, and fruit) of Rosa psiformis (Christ.) D. Sosn., were collected from Gümüşhane (Akçakale, Gümüşhane-Turkey; coordinates 40°26'15.9”N, 39°30'46.8”E) and air-dried at room temperature (25°C) for two weeks. A voucher specimen with code number of 44010 is deposited at Ege University Herbarium Center. After drying, the plant materials were ground and stored at room temperature (25°C) until extraction. Chemicals and standards Ethanol (HPLC grade), dichloromethane, hexane, and standards of betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid and catechin, rutin and quercetin phenolics were sourced from (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany). Cell lines for anticancer activity Human prostate cancer cell line PC3 (PC-3) and A549 human lung carcinoma epithelia cells were treated with DMEM High Glucose (Capricorn CP 40-1309), 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS, A0500-3010, Cegrogen Biotech, Almanya), 0.5% Gentamisin 10 mg/mL (A2712 Merck, Almanya), Sodyum pirüvat 100 mM (L0473 Merck, Almanya). Negative Control consisted of 1% Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in nutrient medium while the blank was the cultured prepared with cell culture medium without test substance. Methods Extraction and Box-Behnken method The extraction process was carried out by maceration of 1 g drug material in a 300 ml percolator, repeated one, three and five times. A Box-Behnken (45) factorial trial design was conducted for each solvent and drug to optimize the extraction process (Ferreira et al., 2007). The drug/solvent ratio (65%, 80%, 95%), types of solvent (ethanol, dichloromethane, hexane) and solvent contents (50, 75, 100) were evaluated for the root, stem, leaf and fruit (Table 1). Dichloromethane and hexane solutions were prepared by dilution with ethanol. Each factor was tested in 15 trial designs, with low, medium, and high levels (− 1, 1, and 0) evaluated in triplicate. The coded value was calculated as follows: Coded value = Actual value − 0.5 × (high value + low value) 0.5 × (high value – low value). Table 1. Extraction variables selected for Box-Bohnken Design (BBD) optimization. All the meceration solvents were combined, homogenized, filtered and evaporated to dryness using a rotary evaporator. The percentage yield was then calculated, and sunsequent trials were conducted to determine the amounts of oleonolic, ursolic and betulinic acids. Maceration trials were performed in triplicate, and the results were evaluated by calculating the mean ± standard error. Data were statistically analyzed using the t-test with a significance level of p < 0.05. HPLC analysis of compounds Tri Terpenes The HPLC method was conducted using an Agilent 1260 Infinity II device equipped with an Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column (5 µm, 4.6 × 150 mm). The mobile phase consisted of 50% acetonitrile and 50% ethanol. The detection wavelength was set to 210 nm, with the oven temperature maintained at 25°C. The flow rate was 0.5 mL/min, and the injection volume was 20 µL. Phenolics Phenolics were detected using the HPLC method with the following conditions: an Agilent 1260 Infinity II device, equipped with an Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column (5 µm, 4.6 × 150 mm). The mobile phase consisted of water containing 0.2% phosphoric acid (80%) and acetonitrile (20%). The detection wavelength was set to 210 nm, with the column oven temperature maintained at 25°C. The flow rate was 1 mL/min, and the injection volume was 20 µL. Anticancer activity study The cytotoxicity test was performed using the MTT assay on A549 and PC3 cell lines. The optimized plant material was applied to the cells for 24 hours in an environment of 5.0% CO2 and 95% humidity at 37°C. The cells were seeded at a concentration of 1 × 10 5 cells/mL in 96-well microplates. The cytotoxic effect was evaluated by measuring the absorbance at 570 nm using a spectrophotometer, following the MTT assay protocol (ISO 10993-5:2009). Results and discussion HPLC analysis of flavonoids and tri terpenes The optimised dichlorometane and ethanol extracts of root, stem, fruits, and hexane extracts of fruit and leaf, contained the phenolics catechin, rutin and quercetin. However, rutin was not determined in the stem and roots of R. pisiformis subsp. p isiformis (Fig. 1 and Supplementary Fig. S18-S21 online). Betulinic and ursolic acids were the terpenes found in the stems of R. pisiformis subsp. pisiformis (Table 2). Oleonolic acid was not identified in any of the plant organs. Solvent extracts Catechin (µg/mg) Rutin (µg/mg) Quercetin (µg/mg) Betulinic acid (µg/mg) Ursolic acid (µg/mg) DCM Fruit 3.65 0.93 23.97 ni ni DCM Leaf 15.61 12.80 20.70 ni ni DCM Stem 3.56 28.96 39.90 ni ni DCM Root 13.87 18.99 14.24 ni ni ETOH Fruit 1.30 1.09 9.71 ni ni ETOH Leaf 6.46 19.50 7.41 ni ni ETOH Stem 7.13 10.05 11.51 ni ni ETOH Root 1.57 0.30 3.45 ni ni Hexane Fruit 0.94 0.66 2.71 ni 59.10 Hexane Leaf 1.45 0.18 2.95 ni 171.50 Hexane Stem 0.07 ni 2.94 11.84 206.40 Hexane Root 9.43 ni 2.32 9.72 45.40 DCM: dichloromethane, EtOH: ethanol Table 2. Phenolics (catechin, rutin, quercetin), Betulinic and Ursolic acids content of R. pisiformis subsp. pisiformis extracts. Cytotoxicity results Cytotoxic activity was not determined only in the DCM stem extract of R. pisiformis subsp. Pisiformis , which was rich in catechin (3.56 µg/mg), rutin ( 28.96 µg/mg ), and quercetin ( 39.90 µg/mg ). However, cytotoxic activity was detected in the hexane extracts of root , which were rich in catechin (9.43 µg/mg), quercetin (2.32 µg/mg), betulinic acid (9.72 µg/mg) and ursolic acid (45.90 µg/mg), as well as in the stem , which contained catechin (0.07 µg/mg), quercetin (2.94 µg/mg), betulinic acid ( 11.84 µg/mg ), and ursolic acid ( 206.40 µg/mg ). Additionally, DCM leaf extract, which was rich in catechin ( 15.61 µg/mg ), rutin (12.80 µg/mg) and quercetin (20.70 µg/mg), showed cytotoxic activity based on the absorbances readings at 570 nm (Fig. 2 ). Table 3 The Box-Behnken response surface design and corresponding response values. R1 + SD (total content ‘’mg/g’’) (ethanol/water) R2 + SD (total content ‘’mg/g’’) (Dichloromethane/ethanol) R3 + SD (total content ‘’mg/g’’) (hexane/ethanol) Std Run Factor 1: Solvent (mL) Factor 2: Maceration Time (day) Factor 3 : Solvent Percantage(%) stem root leaf fruit stem root leaf fruit stem root leaf fruit 4 1 100 5 80 22.78 ± 1.94 24 ± 2.15 37.2 ± 2.89 44.5 ± 3.21 35 ± 3.37 35 ± 2.55 17.86 ± 1.87 32.5 ± 1.88 34.25 ± 2.46 15 ± 1.82 20.8 ± 1.73 43.5 ± 1.78 14 2 75 3 80 19.41 ± 1.94 20.12 ± 2.15 33.85 ± 2.89 42.2 ± 3.21 31 ± 3.37 33.85 ± 2.55 15.06 ± 1.87 30.7 ± 1.88 28.56 ± 2.46 13.2 ± 1.82 19 ± 1.73 41.8 ± 1.78 6 3 100 3 65 23.06 ± 1.94 23.98 ± 2.15 38.2 ± 2.89 45 ± 3.21 36 ± 3.37 35.26 ± 2.55 18 ± 1.87 33 ± 1.88 31 ± 2.46 15.5 ± 1.82 21 ± 1.73 43.92 ± 1.78 5 4 50 3 65 23.02 ± 1.94 25.03 ± 2.15 36.86 ± 2.89 44.1 ± 3.21 34.36 ± 3.37 34 ± 2.55 17 ± 1.87 32 ± 1.88 30 ± 2.46 14.89 ± 1.82 20.2 ± 1.73 43 ± 1.78 11 5 75 1 95 19.2 ± 1.94 20.12 ± 2.15 33.42 ± 2.89 41 ± 3.21 30 ± 3.37 31 ± 2.55 14.42 ± 1.87 29.5 ± 1.88 28 ± 2.46 12.68 ± 1.82 18.75 ± 1.73 40 ± 1.78 15 6 75 3 80 19.64 ± 1.94 20.56 ± 2.15 34 ± 2.89 42 ± 3.21 31 ± 3.37 33.12 ± 2.55 15.5 ± 1.87 30.5 ± 1.88 29.02 ± 2.46 13.01 ± 1.82 19.1 ± 1.73 41.75 ± 1.78 7 7 50 3 95 19.63 ± 1.94 19.92 ± 2.15 33 ± 2.89 40 ± 3.21 30 ± 3.37 31.25 ± 2.55 14.78 ± 1.87 30.42 ± 1.88 28.03 ± 2.46 12.44 ± 1.82 18.7 ± 1.73 40.5 ± 1.78 13 8 75 3 80 19.98 ± 1.94 21 ± 2.15 34.68 ± 2.89 42.4 ± 3.21 32.25 ± 3.37 31.85 ± 2.55 16 ± 1.87 31 ± 1.88 28 ± 2.46 13.44 ± 1.82 19.38 ± 1.73 42 ± 1.78 10 9 75 5 65 24.2 ± 1.94 25.87 ± 2.15 42.88 ± 2.89 51.26 ± 3.21 40.93 ± 3.37 40.11 ± 2.55 20.95 ± 1.87 36.38 ± 1.88 36.02 ± 2.46 18.03 ± 1.82 23.4 ± 1.73 44.28 ± 1.78 9 10 75 1 65 19.25 ± 1.94 20 ± 2.15 33.5 ± 2.89 39.68 ± 3.21 30 ± 3.37 31.69 ± 2.55 14.87 ± 1.87 30.1 ± 1.88 28.63 ± 2.46 12.5 ± 1.82 18.65 ± 1.73 39.98 ± 1.78 3 11 50 5 80 23.56 ± 1.94 24.02 ± 2.15 38.66 ± 2.89 45.15 ± 3.21 36.25 ± 3.37 35.56 ± 2.55 18.21 ± 1.87 33.2 ± 1.88 30.22 ± 2.46 15.03 ± 1.82 21.1 ± 1.73 40 ± 1.78 2 12 100 1 80 19.5 ± 1.94 20 ± 2.15 33.65 ± 2.89 39.75 ± 3.21 30.25 ± 3.37 31 ± 2.55 15 ± 1.87 30.15 ± 1.88 27.96 ± 2.46 11.02 ± 1.82 18.8 ± 1.73 40.2 ± 1.78 1 13 50 1 80 18.23 ± 1.94 19.89 ± 2.15 31.5 ± 2.89 37.69 ± 3.21 27.65 ± 3.37 30 ± 2.55 13.89 ± 1.87 28.56 ± 1.88 27.36 ± 2.46 10.98 ± 1.82 15.4 ± 1.73 38 ± 1.78 12 14 75 5 95 20.36 ± 1.94 23.1 ± 2.15 35 ± 2.89 43.5 ± 3.21 33.25 ± 3.37 32.69 ± 2.55 16.85 ± 1.87 31.42 ± 1.88 29.32 ± 2.46 14.24 ± 1.82 19.85 ± 1.73 42.85 ± 1.78 8 15 100 3 95 20.03 ± 1.94 21.2 ± 2.15 34.8 ± 2.89 42.95 ± 3.21 32.87 ± 3.37 32.25 ± 2.55 16.25 ± 1.87 31.1 ± 1.88 28.35 ± 2.46 13.63 ± 1.82 19.5 ± 1.73 42.2 ± 1.78 Box-Benchen experimental design The experiment running was showed in a raw with its responses [total content (mg) (Y1) and fenolic, terpenoid and flavonoid content (Y2)]. The reliability of the model fit was evaluated through the coefficient of variance (CV%), coefficient of determination (R2) and adjusted coefficient of determination (R2a). The modal capacity was determined by these tests to give the maximum mg and phenolic and terpenoid content. The optimum total content was found to be 51.26 mg/g in the fruit extracted with ethanol, 40.93 mg/g in the stem extracted with dichloromethane, and 44.28 mg/g in the fruit extracted with hexane. The results were obtained from a five-day maceration using 65% ratio and a 75 ml volume of solvent (Table 3 and Supplementary Fig. S1 -S16 online). For each response, the sequential model sum of squares and lack-of-fit tests were performed for quadratic, cubic, 2-factor interaction, and linear models. While factor B2 had a directly proportional effect, C2 had an inversely proportional effect and was highly significant. A study was conducted to optimize the extraction process of phenolic and terpenoid compounds from the aerial parts of Rosa psiformis . The experiment involved four models (quadratic, cubic, 2-factor interaction, and linear) to determine the maximum yield, as well as phenolic and terpenoid content. The effects of the factors and their interactions on each response were evaluated using analysis of variance. The results indicated that maceration time had the highest effect on increasing the total content, while the solvent and plant had a significant effect on the total phenolic content obtained. The model was validated through model accuracy and multiple response optimization. The maximum total content was achieved with 75 ml of 65% solvent over five days. The maximum phenolic content was found to be 206.40 µg/mg ursolic acid and 72.42 µg/mg phenolics (dichloromethane), and 11.84 µg/mg betulinic acid (hexane) in stem. The actual results were in close agreement with the predicted values, confirming the adequacy of the response model (Tables 4 and 5 ). Table 4 Quadratic model fıtting for the total content *stastistically signifıcant: p < 0.05. Source Sum of Squares df Mean Square F-value p-value Remarks Source Sum of Squares df Mean Square F-value p-value Remarks Linear 30.12 9 3.35 6.42 0.14 Mean vs Total 16059.63 1 16059.63 2FI 11.29 6 1.88 3.61 0.23 Linear vs Mean 127.80 3 42.60 15.04 0.00 Quadratic 1.34 3 0.45 0.86 0.58 S 2FI vs Linear 18.83 3 6.28 4.07 0.05 Cubic 0.00 0 A Quadratic vs 2FI 9.95 3 3.32 6.96 0.03 S Pure Error 1.04 2 0.52 Cubic vs Quadratic 1.34 3 0.45 0.86 0.58 A Residual 1.04 2 0.52 Total 16218.58 15 1081.24 Linear 11.85 9 1.32 16.01 0.06 Mean vs Total 6483.36 1 6483.36 2FI 7.18 6 1.20 14.55 0.07 Linear vs Mean 40.48 3 13.49 12.35 0.00 Quadratic 1.58 3 0.53 6.41 0.14 S 2FI vs Linear 4.67 3 1.56 1.70 0.24 Cubic 0.00 0 A Quadratic vs 2FI 5.60 3 1.87 5.34 0.05 S Pure Error 0.16 2 0.08 Cubic vs Quadratic 1.58 3 0.53 6.41 0.14 A Residual 0.16 2 0.08 Total 6535.86 15 435.72 Linear 21.93 9 2.44 9.34 0.10 S Mean vs Total 13185.06 1 13185.06 2FI 9.66 6 1.61 6.17 0.15 Linear vs Mean 62.15 3 20.72 10.15 0.00 S Quadratic 2.31 3 0.77 2.95 0.26 2FI vs Linear 12.27 3 4.09 3.21 0.08 Cubic 0.00 0 A Quadratic vs 2FI 7.35 3 2.45 4.32 0.07 Pure Error 0.52 2 0.26 Cubic vs Quadratic 2.31 3 0.77 2.95 0.26 A Residual 0.52 2 0.26 Total 13269.66 15 884.64 Linear 15.46 9 1.72 1.68 0.43 Mean vs Total 16575.46 1 16575.46 2FI 3.51 6 0.59 0.57 0.75 S Linear vs Mean 73.32 3 24.44 15.35 0.00 Quadratic 1.14 3 0.38 0.37 0.79 2FI vs Linear 11.95 3 3.98 5.73 0.02 S Cubic 0.00 0 A Quadratic vs 2FI 2.37 3 0.79 1.24 0.39 Pure Error 2.05 2 1.02 Cubic vs Quadratic 1.14 3 0.38 0.37 0.79 A Residual 2.05 2 1.02 Total 16666.29 15 1111.09 Linear 14.51 9 1.61 8.33 0.11 S Mean vs Total 7207.73 1 7207.73 2FI 11.06 6 1.84 9.52 0.10 Linear vs Mean 49.94 3 16.65 12.29 0.00 S Quadratic 3.50 3 1.17 6.03 0.15 2FI vs Linear 3.45 3 1.15 0.80 0.53 Cubic 0.00 0 A Quadratic vs 2FI 7.56 3 2.52 3.24 0.12 Pure Error 0.39 2 0.19 Cubic vs Quadratic 3.50 3 1.17 6.03 0.15 A Residual 0.39 2 0.19 Total 7272.57 15 484.84 Linear 9.66 9 1.07 23.12 0.04 Mean vs Total 2817.82 1 2817.82 2FI 5.64 6 0.94 20.23 0.05 Linear vs Mean 36.85 3 12.28 13.85 0.00 Quadratic 0.57 3 0.19 4.12 0.20 S 2FI vs Linear 4.03 3 1.34 1.87 0.21 Cubic 0.00 0 A Quadratic vs 2FI 5.06 3 1.69 12.65 0.01 S Pure Error 0.09 2 0.05 Cubic vs Quadratic 0.57 3 0.19 4.12 0.20 A Residual 0.09 2 0.05 Total 2864.42 15 190.96 Linear 7.45 9 0.83 3.74 0.23 S Mean vs Total 3989.92 1 3989.92 2FI 3.53 6 0.59 2.66 0.30 Linear vs Mean 41.15 3 13.72 19.12 0.00 S Quadratic 0.63 3 0.21 0.95 0.55 2FI vs Linear 3.92 3 1.31 2.63 0.12 Cubic 0.00 0 A Quadratic vs 2FI 2.90 3 0.97 4.52 0.07 Pure Error 0.44 2 0.22 Cubic vs Quadratic 0.63 3 0.21 0.95 0.55 A Residual 0.44 2 0.22 Total 4038.96 15 269.26 Linear 26.87 9 2.99 15.26 0.06 Mean vs Total 18811.56 1 18811.56 2FI 8.35 6 1.39 7.11 0.13 Linear vs Mean 89.49 3 29.83 12.04 0.00 Quadratic 0.82 3 0.27 1.40 0.44 S 2FI vs Linear 18.52 3 6.17 5.65 0.02 Cubic 0.00 0 A Quadratic vs 2FI 7.53 3 2.51 10.37 0.01 S Pure Error 0.39 2 0.20 Cubic vs Quadratic 0.82 3 0.27 1.40 0.44 A Residual 0.39 2 0.20 Total 18928.31 15 1261.89 Linear 10.90 9 1.21 31.21 0.03 Mean vs Total 5747.91 1 5747.91 2FI 4.14 6 0.69 17.80 0.05 Linear vs Mean 30.91 3 10.30 10.33 0.00 Quadratic 0.73 3 0.24 6.31 0.14 S 2FI vs Linear 6.75 3 2.25 4.27 0.04 Cubic 0.00 0 A Quadratic vs 2FI 3.41 3 1.14 7.00 0.03 S Pure Error 0.08 2 0.04 Cubic vs Quadratic 0.73 3 0.24 6.31 0.14 A Residual 0.08 2 0.04 Total 5789.79 15 385.99 Linear 9.59 9 1.07 16.82 0.06 Mean vs Total 14759.90 1 14759.90 2FI 3.50 6 0.58 9.20 0.10 S Linear vs Mean 39.88 3 13.29 15.06 0.00 Quadratic 0.80 3 0.27 4.22 0.20 2FI vs Linear 6.09 3 2.03 4.48 0.04 S Cubic 0.00 0 A Quadratic vs 2FI 2.69 3 0.90 4.84 0.06 Pure Error 0.13 2 0.06 Cubic vs Quadratic 0.80 3 0.27 4.22 0.20 A Residual 0.13 2 0.06 Total 14809.49 15 987.30 Linear 34.62 9 3.85 96.18 0.01 Mean vs Total 27407.45 1 27407.45 2FI 11.13 6 1.85 46.35 0.02 Linear vs Mean 109.67 3 36.56 11.59 0.00 Quadratic 1.19 3 0.40 9.93 0.09 S 2FI vs Linear 23.50 3 7.83 5.59 0.02 Cubic 0.00 0 A Quadratic vs 2FI 9.93 3 3.31 13.02 0.01 S Pure Error 0.08 2 0.04 Cubic vs Quadratic 1.19 3 0.40 9.93 0.09 A Residual 0.08 2 0.04 Total 27551.82 15 1836.79 Linear 12.13 9 1.35 77.01 0.01 S Mean vs Total 25956.74 1 25956.74 2FI 11.03 6 1.84 ###### 0.01 Linear vs Mean 31.99 3 10.66 9.64 0.00 S Quadratic 2.60 3 0.87 49.54 0.02 S 2FI vs Linear 1.10 3 0.37 0.27 0.85 Cubic 0.00 0 A Quadratic vs 2FI 8.43 3 2.81 5.33 0.05 S Pure Error 0.04 2 0.02 Cubic vs Quadratic 2.60 3 0.87 49.54 0.02 A Residual 0.04 2 0.02 Total 26000.89 15 1733.39 Table 5 P-Values and estimated regression Coeffıcients of the two studied responses. *Statistically signifıcant: p < 0.05. p-values shading Intercept A B C AB AC BC A² B² C² Dichloromethane (stem) 31.42 0.73 3.44 -1.90 -0.96 0.31 -1.92 0.32 0.55 1.57 p-values 0.03 < 0.0001 0.00 0.04 0.41 0.00 0.42 0.18 0.01 Ethanol (stem) 19.68 0.12 1.84 -1.29 -0.51 0.09 -0.95 1.01 0.33 0.75 p-values 0.60 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.77 0.02 0.02 0.33 0.06 Hexane (stem) 28.53 0.74 2.23 -1.49 0.86 -0.17 -1.52 0.14 1.28 0.68 p-values 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.67 0.01 0.74 0.02 0.14 Dichloromethane (root) 32.94 0.34 2.46 -1.73 -0.39 -0.065 -1.68 -0.37 0.32 0.62 p-values 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.37 0.88 0.01 0.42 0.48 0.20 Ethanol (root) 20.56 0.04 2.12 -1.32 -0.03 0.58 -0.72 0.84 0.58 1.13 p-values 0.90 0.00 0.01 0.94 0.24 0.16 0.13 0.26 0.06 Hexane (root) 13.22 0.23 1.89 -0.99 -0.02 0.145 -0.99 -0.23 0.02 1.13 p-values 0.14 < 0.0001 0.00 0.93 0.46 0.00 0.28 0.92 0.00 Dichloromethane (leaf) 16.31 0.40 1.96 -1065.00 p-values 0.20 < 0.0001 0.00 Ethanol (leaf) 34.18 0.48 2.71 -1.90 -0.90 0.115 -1.95 0.30 0.78 1.24 p-values 0.04 < 0.0001 0.00 0.01 0.66 0.00 0.30 0.03 0.00 Hexane (leaf) 19.16 0.59 1.69 -0.81 -0.925 0.00 -0.91 -0.22 0.09 0.91 p-values 0.01 < 0.0001 0.00 0.01 1.00 0.01 0.33 0.69 0.01 Dichloromethane (fruit) 30.73 0.32 1.90 -1.13 -0.57 -0.08 -1.09 0.07 0.29 0.82 p-values 0.09 < 0.0001 0.00 0.05 0.73 0.00 0.75 0.25 0.01 Ethanol (fruit) 42.20 0.66 3.29 -1.57 -0.68 0.51 -2.27 -0.64 0.21 1.45 p-values 0.01 < 0.0001 0.00 0.04 0.10 0.00 0.06 0.46 0.00 Hexane (fruit) 41.85 1.04 1.56 -0.70 0.325 0.195 -0.36 -0.40 -1.03 0.95 p-values 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.41 0.61 0.36 0.34 0.04 0.05 Discussion In the world population approaching eight billion [ 41 ], the fruits of rose plants ( Rosa sp) are rich functional foods containing polyphenols (flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, catechins), triterpene acids, essential fatty acids, galactolipids, folate, vitamins A, C, and E, and minerals (Ca, Mg, K, S, Si, Se, Mn, and Fe) [ 13 ]. The amount of ascorbic acid, which is beneficial for Alzheimer's and cancer diseases, is 1200 mg/l for R. rugosa and 600 mg/l for R. canina fruits [ 14 ]. The main bioactive compounds isolated from this genus are flavonoids (eg kaempferol, quercetin, apigenin), triterpenoids (eg ursolic acid, tormentic acid, euscaphic acid, betulinic acid), and phytosterols (eg β-sitosterol) [ 15 – 22 ]. Triterpenes in rose fruits were determined as oleonolic acid, betulinic acid and ursolic acid [ 23 ]. R. canina L. fruit powders showed an immunomodulatory effect on human monocytic Mono Mac 6 cells. Triterpenic acid mixture (oleanolic, ursolic and betulinic acid) inhibited the release of IL-6 and TNF-α [ 24 ]. Botanical pentacyclic triterpenes have antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory effects [ 25 ]. The mechanism of these bioactivities is believed to be due to the regulation of the immune system. For instance, treatment with a combination of natural compounds yields better responses than treatment with synthetic drugs alone. An example is the combination of escin, isolated from the seeds of Aesculus hippocastanum L., with corticosterone, which reduces the synthesis of inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) by 24.43%, interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β) by 46.9%, and nitric oxide (NO) by 31.8% [ 26 ]. Another study demonstrated that a mixture of oleanolic, ursolic, and betulinic acid obtained from Rosa canina L. has a more effective immunomodulatory effect than any single compound [ 23 ]. Additionally, it has been proven that a standard powder prepared from rosehip seeds and peels improves cell aging and reduces skin wrinkles by accumulating in the membranes of erythrocyte cells [ 27 ]. Ursolic, oleanolic, and betulinic acids are biologically active compounds in rosehip, acting as immune system modulators [ 28 , 29 , 9 ]. Among the triterpenic acids, betulinic acid was found in concentrations ranging from 36 to 772 mg/kg, oleanolic acid from 66 to 1723 mg/kg, and ursolic acid from 37 to 2531 mg/kg, as determined by negative ionization model. The amount of triterpenic acids varies between genotypes, species, and sections. The highest triterpene value, 4600 mg/kg, was observed in R. spinosissima . R. pulverulenta , which contains the lowest levels of carotenoids, tocopherols, and flavonoids, has moderate triterpene acid content, with betulinic acid at 213 mg/kg, oleanolic acid at 1045 mg/kg, and ursolic acid at 452 mg/kg [ 30 ]. Our results showed 11.84 µg/mg betulinic acid in the stem of R. pisiformis subsp. pisiformis , 9.34 µg/mg in the roots, 206.40 µg/mg ursolic acid in the stem, 171.50 µg/mg in the leaves, 59.10 µg/mg in the fruit, and 45.40 µg/mg in the roots. Some medically important secondary metabolites with antibacterial, anticancer, astringent, depurative and anti-inflammatory activities include polysaccharides, flavonoids, steroids, tannins, laevigatins (E, F, G), triterpenoids, 11α-hydroxytormentic acid, 2α-methoxyursolic acid, 6-methoxy-β-glucopyranosyl ester, tormentic acid and 5α-diol 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosides were determined [ 31 ]. In addition to flavonoids, triterpenoids eucaphic acid, nigaikigoside, betulinic acid, kajiikigoside, rubusid, tomentic acid and rosamutin were obtained from Rosa laevigata roots [ 32 ]. The presence of ursan-type triterpenes in the root of Rosa cymosa Tratt, used in Chinese herbal medicine, was determined qualitatively and quantitatively by HPLC and TLC [ 33 ]. Two new triterpenes, 19-oxo-18,19-seco-ursan-type lactone saponin and oleanin-type triterpenoid with anti-inflammatory effects, were obtained from ethylacetate extracts of Rosa laevigata leaves [ 34 ]. Rosa rugosa var. plena and R. woodsii leaves were found to be rich in sesquiterpenes [ 35 ]. It has been reported that flavonoids, carotenoids and fatty acids in Rosa canina pseudo fruits have anti-inflammatory activity [ 36 ]. In the fruits of Rosa pseudofructus cum/sine fructibus and Rosa canina L., triterpenoid acids including ursolic, oleanolic and betulinic acids were detected in hexane and dichloromethane extracts, and these acids inhibited cyclooxygenases [ 9 ]. Fruits of R. pisiformis subsp. pisiformis were found to be rich in ursolic acid (59.1 µg/mg, and also contained catechin (3.65 µg/mg), rutin (1.09 µg/mg) and quercetin (23.97 µg/mg). Betulinic acid was not detected in the fruits of R. pisiformis subsp. pisiformis . Cytotoxic activity was observed only in the leaf, root and stem of our endemic species R. pisiformis subsp. pisiformis . Rose species, including rose hips, are wild plants primarily originating in Asia with less occurrences in Europe, North America, and Northwest Africa. These plants contain medicinal compounds traditionally used to treat various diseases. While it is widely distributed in Türkiye with 27 Rosa species, there are two endemic species. Of these, Rosa pisiformis subsp. pisiformis (Christ.) D. Sosn. is endemic to Northeast and East Anatolia, and in the provinces of Kars, Ağrı, Erzincan, Erzurum, Gümüşhane, Bayburt. Rosa dumalis BECHST subsp. boissieri (CREPIN) Ö. NILSSON. var. antalyensis (MANDEN.) Ö. NILSSON, on the other hand, is naturally distributed in Southwest Anatolia. Rosa pisiformis (Christ.) D. Sosn, a medicinal perennial shrub in the Rosaceae family, a medicinal perennial shrub in the Rosaceae family, is endemic to various regions, including the evil eye rose around Istanbul and Van, rosehip in the town of Güzelsu, Gürpınar district of Van, and Şilan in the Malazgirt district of Muş [ 37 , 38 ]. This species is originated from different parts of Europe, Asia and the America’s and Northwest Iran. The leaves and fruits of the plant are rich in vitamins (A, E, C), trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Se) and minerals (Ca, K, Mg, Na). It is stated that it has protective effects on heart tissue antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px, SOD, CAT) during stress [ 39 ]. Leaves and fruits of Rosa pisiformis subsp. pisiformis (Christ.) D. Sosn, found in Van province, are rich in vitamins (A, E, C), trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Se), and minerals (Ca, K, Mg, Na). It has also been reported to have protective effects on cardiac tissue by enhancing antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px, SOD, CAT) during oxidative stress induced by isoproterenol [ 39 ]. It was desmostrated that treatment with Rosa pisiformis (Christ.) D. Sosn. (R.PS) fruits reduced oxidative damage and improved the levels of Zn, Mn, Co, Mg, and Na in rat heart tissue. Moreover, the pharmacological effects of R. pisiformis fruit are attributed to its phytochemical composition, including caffeic and p-coumaric acids [ 43 ]. Betulinic acid, an immune system modulator, has been shown to have anticancer effects in Rosa canina L. [ 25 ]. It was demonstrated that betulinic acid mitigated toxin-induced lung damage by reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammation, and decreasing apoptosis through down-regulation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway [ 42 ]. The fact that the seeds of Rosa canina and R. pisiformis contain higher amounts of fatty acids than their fruits [ 12 , 44 ] is important because fatty acids have the property of controlling the growth of pathogens and cancer cells [ 40 , 45 ]. In addition, another important feature of Rosa pisiformis seeds and fruits is that their vitamin E content is higher than that of Rosa canina . Specifically, the amounts of δ- and α-tocopherol were (17.60 µg/g) in R. pisiformis , whereas in R. canina , they are only 7.15 µg/g, indicating a significantly lower level [ 12 ]. The investigation of Rosa species for their vitamin C, polyphenols, and antioxidant activity [ 46 , 47 , 48 ] led us to explore betulinic acid—a triterpenic acid with significant pharmacological effects, such as anticarcinogenic properties— both qualitatively and quantitatively in different organs of the endemic Rosa pisiformis subsp. pisiformis (Christ.) D. Sosn, including the root, stem, leaf, and fruit. According to the Box-Benchen method, the optimisation data indicated a solvent ratio of 65% and five maceration cycles with 75 ml of solvent. The highest amount of catechin was found in the leaf (DCM) at 15.61 µg/mg. The stem was found to be rich in rutin (28.96 µg/mg) and quercetin (39.90 µg/mg). Betulinic acid was detected for the first time in the stem ( 11.84 µg/mg ) and root ( 9.72 µg/mg ) in hexane extracts. Cytotoxic activities were most pronounced in the DCM leaf, which is rich in phenolics such as catechin (15.61 µg/mg), rutin (12.80 µg/mg), and quercetin (20.70 µg/mg). Additionally, cytotoxic effects were observed in the root (hexane) and stem (hexane), primarily against prostate and lung carcinoma cells, as determined by the ABTS assay. Declarations Competing interests / COI statement The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported herein. Data Availability The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Funding This research was supported by Scientific Research Projects Council of Ege University with the Project number of FGA-2021-22385. Author contributions Hatice Demiray: concept, experimental design, finding grant, discussion, correction, and proofread. Mesut Emir Dibek: isolation, synthesis, structure elucidation, and drafting manuscript and discussion, anti-proliferative activity. Onur Özel: structure discussion, proofread. Acknowledgements Authors are grateful to Scientific Research Projects Council of Ege University. References Pisha, E. et al. Discovery of betulinic acid as a selective inhibitor of human melanoma that functions by induction of apoptosis. Nat. Med. 1.10 , 1046–1051. 10.1038/nm1095-1046 (1995). Soler, F. et al. Betulinic acid derivates: a new class of HIV type 1 entry. J. Med. Chem. 39 , 1069–1083. 10.1021/jm950670t (1996). Chatterjee, P., Kouzi, S. A., Pezzuto, J. M. & Hamann, M. T. Biotransformation of the antimelanoma agent betulinic acid by Bacillus megaterium ATCC 13368. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66 (9), 3850–3855. 10.1128/AEM.66.9.3850-3855 (2000). Galgon, T., Wohlrab, W. & Drager, B. Betulinic acid induces apoptosis in skin cancer cells and differentiation in normal human keratinocytes. Experimental Dermatology Oct. 14 (10), 736–743. 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2005.00352.x (2005). Hordyjewska, A., Ostapiuk, A., Horecka, A. & Kurzepa, J. Betulin and betulinic acid: triterpenoids derivatives with a powerful biological potential. Phytochem Rev. 18 , 929–951. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-019-09623-1 (2019). Mármol, I., Sánchez-de-Diego, C., Jiménez-Moreno, N., Ancín-Azpilicueta, C. & Rodríguez-Yoldi, M. J. Therapeutic applications of rose hips from different Rosa species. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 18 , 1137. 10.3390/ijms18061137 (2017). Jager, A. K., Eldeen, I. M. S. & Van Staden, J. COX-1 and – 2 activity of rose hip. Phytother. Res. 21 (12), 1251–1252. 10.1002/ptr.2236 (2007). Wenzig, E. M. et al. Phytochemical composition and in vitro pharmacological activity of two rosehip ( Rosa canina L.) preparations. Phytomedicine, 15: 826 – 35. DOI: (2008). 10.1016/j.phymed.2008.06.012 Moghaddam, M. G., Bin, F. & Samzadeh-Kermani, H. A. Biological activity of betulinic acid: A Review. Pharmacol. Pharm. 3 , 119–123. /10.4236/pp.2012.32018 (2012). Bildziukevich, U., Özdemir, Z., Wimmer, Z., Drasar, P. B. & Khripach, V. A. Recent achievements in medicinal and supramolecular chemistry of betulinic acid and its derivatives. Molecules . 24 (19), 3546. 10.3390/molecules24193546 (2019). Gülser, F., Alp, Ş. & Sönmez, F. Carotenoid, carotene and anthocyanin levels of naturally grown old garden Roses ( Rosa ssp.) in Van. ISPEC J. Agr Sci. 4 (1), 25–30. 10.46291/ISPECJASvol4iss1pp25-30 (2020). Yoruk, I. H. et al. Fatty Acid, Sugar and Vitamin Contents in Rose Hip Species. Asian J. Chem. Vol . 20 (2), 1357–1364 (2008). Patel, S. Rose hip as an underutilized functional food: Evidence-based review. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 63 , 29–38. 10.1016/j.tifs.2017.03.001 (2017). Czyzowska, A., Klewicka, E., Pogorzelski, E., Nowak, A. & Polyphenols vitamin C and antioxidant activity in wines from Rosa canina L. and Rosa rugosa Thunb. J. Food Compos. Anal. 39 , 62–68. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2014.11.009 (2015). Hashidoko, Y., Tahara, S. & Mizutani, J. 2-Phenoxychromones and a structurally related flavone from leaves of Rosa rugosa , Phytochemistry 30: 3837–3838. DOI: https://doi.org0031-9422 (1991). Jin, C. L., Hong, C. Z. & Cao, D. X. The blocking effects of fruit of Rosa davurica Pall. (RDP) on the formation of dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) and protection of liver in rats. Cancer Res. Prev. Treat. 21 , 81–82 (1994). Wang, P., Gu, B. & Song, L. P. Extraction of taxifolin from the stem of Rosa davurica Pall, Te Chan Yan Jiu 28: 53–55; In: Cheng, B. et al. The genus Rosa and arthritis: Overview on pharmacological perspectives. Pharmacological Research. 114: 219–234. doi.: (2006). 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.10.029 (2016). Bi, W. et al. Chemical compositions of Rosa laevigata Michx, J. J. Beijing Universify Traditional Chin. Med. 32(02) 110–111; In: Quan, X-X., Huang, Y-Y., Chen, L., Yuan, J-Q. Traditional uses, phytochemical, pharmacology, quality control and modern applications of two important Chinese medicines from Rosa laevigata Michx.: A review. Front. Pharmacol. 13:1012265. doi: (2008). 10.3389/fphar.2022.1012265 ; (2022). Xie, X. Y., Gong, J. Y., Wang, L. Y., Zhang, Z. J. & Yu, C. Y. Chemical constituents of the root of Rosa davurica Pall, Lishizhen Med. Mater. Med. Res. 20, 366–367; In: Razgonova, M. P. et al. Rosa davurica Pall., Rosa rugosa Thunb., and Rosa acicularic Lindl. Originating from Far East of Russia: Screening of 146 Chemical Constituents in Three Species of the Genus Rosa. Appl. Sci., 12, 9401. (2009). https://doi.org/10.3390/app12199401 (2022). Wu, X. W. et al. Studies on the chemical constituents of Rosa laevigata Michx fruits. J. Pharm. Pract. 27 , 183–185 (2009). Bitis, L., Kultur, S., Melikoglu, G., Ozsoy, N. & Can, A. Flavonoids and antioxidant activity of Rosa agrestis leaves. Nat. Prod. Res. 24 (6), 580–589. 10.1080/14786410903075507 (2010). Gao, P. Y. et al. Triterpenes from fruits of Rosa laevigata . Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 38 (3), 457–459. 10.1016/j.bse.2010.03.014 (2010). Saaby, L., Jager, A. K., Moesby, L., Hansen, E. W. & Christensen, S. B. Isolation of immunomodulatory triterpene acids from a standardized rose hip powder ( Rosa canina L). Phytother. Res. 25 (2), 195–201. http://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.3241 (2011). Saaby, L. & Nielsen, C. H. Triterpene acids from rose hip powder inhibit self-antigen- and LPS- induced cytokine production and CD4’ T-cell proliferation in human mononuclear cell cultures. Phytother. Res. 26 (8), 1142. e1147.http://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.3713 (2012). Harun, N. H., Septama, A. W., Nizam, W. A., Ahmad, W. & Suppian, R. Immunomodulatory effects and structure-activity relationship of botanical pentacyclic triterpenes: A review. Chin. Herb. Med. 4 (2), 118–124. 10.1016/j.chmed.2019.11.007 (2020). Arunachalam, K. et al. Piper umbellatum L. (Piperaceae): Phytochemical profiles of the hydroethanolic leaf extract and intestinal anti-inflammatory mechanisms on 2, 4, 6 trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 23: 254:112707. doi: (2020). 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112707 Miraj, S. Phytochemical composition and in vitro pharmacological activity of rose hip ( Rosa canina L). Der Pharma Chem. 8 (13), 117–122 (2016). Liu, J. Pharmacology of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid. J. Ethnopharmacol. 49 , 57–68. 10.1016/0378-8741(95)90032-2 (1995). Yogeeswari, P. & Sriram, D. Betulinic acid and its derivatives: a review on their biological properties. Curr. Med. Chem. 12 , 657–666. 10.2174/0929867053202214 (2005). Bhave, A., Schulzova, V., Chmelarova, H., Mrnka, L. & Hajslova, J. Assessment of rosehips based on the content of their biologically active compounds. J. food drug Anal. 25 , 681–690. 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.12.019 (2017). Mehboob, H. et al. A review on secondary metabolites of Rosa laevigata Michaux: An important medicinal plant. Biochem. Anal. Biochem. 6 (3), 1–3. 10.4172/2161-1009.1000326 (2017). Li, S. et al. Flavonoids and triterpenoids from the roots of Rosa laevigata . J. Mex Chem. Soc. 58 , 374–377. 10.29356/jmcs.v58i4.45 (2014). Fan, X. et al. Studies on the chemical constituents and quality evaluation of Rosa cymosa Tratt. root. J. Sep. Sci. 43 , 4379–4389. 10.1002/jssc.202000005 (2020). Zeng, N. et al. Anti-inflammatory Triterpenes from the Leaves of Rosa laevigata . J. Nat. Prod. 74 , 732–738. 10.1021/np1007922 (2011). Hashidoko, Y., Tarara, S. & Mizutani, J. Bisabolane sesquiterpenes and a 2- phenoxychromone From Rosa woodsii Leaves. Phytochemistry, Vol. 31. No 6, 2148–2149. DOI: (1992). 10.1016/0031-9422(92)80384-Q Winther, K., Hansen Vinther, A. S. & Campbell-Tofte, J. Bioactive ingredients of rose hips ( Rosa canina L) with special reference to antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties: in vitro studies. Botanics: Targets Therapy . (6), 11–23. 10.2147/BTAT.S91385 (2016). Korkmaz, M. & Özçelik, H. Türkiye Güllerinin ( Rosa L.) Yöresel Adları ve Yetiştikleri Yöreler. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi . 19 (1), 75–82. 10.19113/sdufbed.96851 (2015). Özçelik, H. Türkiye güllerinin adları ve teknik terimleri. Avrasya Terim Dergisi, 6 (2): 1–23 In: Özçelik H, Koca A Türkiye's rose taxa for economic purposes ( Rosa L. spp.) and investigations on their classification and productions. Biological Diversity and Conservation 14:2 292–324. DOI: (2018). 10.46309/biodicon.2021.954162 (2021). Bayramoğlu, M. et al. Antioxidant properties of Rosa pisiformis and its protective effect against isoproterenol-induced oxidative stress in rats. TürkBiyokimya Dergisi . 41 (4), 232–242. 10.1515/tjb-2016-0034 (2016). Warholm, O., Skaar, S., Hedman, E., Molmen, H. M. & Eik, L. The effects of a standardized herbal remedy made from a Subtype of Rosa canina in patients with osteoarthritis: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Curr. Theraph Res. 64 (1), 21–31. 10.1016/S0011-393X(03)00004-3 (2003). United Nations. https://population.un.org/wpp/ Access on 22 July (2024). Huang, C., Ou, Z., Kong, L., Huang, Y., Yang, W., He, J., … Yi, J. (2024). Betulinic acid attenuates T-2 toxin-induced lung injury by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibiting MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Toxicon, 241, 107652. Ekin, S. et al. Phenolic Contents, Enzyme Inhibitory Activities, and Protective Effect of Aqueous Extract of Rosa Pisiformis Fruits. Pharm. Chem. J. 57 , 1799–1806. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11094-024-03081-6 (2024). Negrean, O. R., Farcas, A. C., Nemes, S. A., Cic, D. E. & Socaci, S. A. Recent advances and insights into the bioactive properties and applications of Rosa canina L. and its by-products. Heliyon. (2024). Zhang, S. et al. Fatty acid metabolism of immune cells: a new target of tumour immunotherapy. Cell. Death Discov . 10 , 39. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41420-024-01807-9 (2024). Fayaz, F., Singh, K., Gairola, S., Ahmed, Z. & Shah, B. A. A comprehensive review on phytochemistry and pharmacology of Rosa species (Rosaceae). Curr. Top. Med. Chem. 24 (4), 364–378 (2024). Hussain, A. et al. Phenolic metabolites, vitamins, minerals and antioxidant profiling of medicinal teas of Ladakh. Int. J. Adv. Biochem. Res. 8 (2), 06–15. doi.org/10.33545/26174693.2024.v8.i2a.500 (2024). Pirtskhalava, M. et al. Georgian Medicinal Plants as Rich Nsources of Antioxidant Derivatives: A Review on the Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Curr. Med. Chem. 31 (28), 4407–4424. doi.org/10.2174/0109298673262575231127034952 (2024). Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files GA.png Graphical abstract SupplementaryinformationFull.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 07 Jan, 2025 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 16 Sep, 2024 Reviews received at journal 14 Sep, 2024 Reviews received at journal 05 Sep, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 02 Sep, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 02 Sep, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 02 Sep, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 02 Sep, 2024 Editor invited by journal 02 Sep, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 02 Sep, 2024 First submitted to journal 20 Aug, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4946927","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":354486023,"identity":"b29912e6-3850-4afd-98e6-c0e962539e41","order_by":0,"name":"Hatice DEMİRAY","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA5ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACAyA+wMDADGIzPgCzCWthhmthNiBaCwNUC5sEUVrM2c8fPPCjwlpOd0b6s2qemjty/AzMDx/dwKPFsieZ4WDPmXRjsxs5Zrd5jj0zlmxgMzbOweewA8kMhxnbDiduu5HDdpuH7XDihgM8bNJ4tZx/DNTy73D9thvpz4p5/hGj5QbIlobDCWY3EsyYeduI0vLY4GDPsXTDbWfeGEvO7TtsLNlMyC/nEx9/+FFjLW92PP3hhzffDsvxszc/fIxPCwpg4gGRzMQqBwHGH6SoHgWjYBSMghEDACLCU8dIcx40AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Ege University Science","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hatice","middleName":"","lastName":"DEMİRAY","suffix":""},{"id":354486024,"identity":"797ddda8-162b-4abf-b501-e6f1b348b90c","order_by":1,"name":"Mesut Emir","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Ege University Science","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mesut","middleName":"","lastName":"Emir","suffix":""},{"id":354486025,"identity":"c4f892f0-dba3-49dd-b393-1788506cf6df","order_by":2,"name":"Onur ÖZEL","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Ege University Science","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Onur","middleName":"","lastName":"ÖZEL","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-08-20 18:11:54","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4946927/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4946927/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80174-y","type":"published","date":"2025-01-07T15:57:55+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":65689459,"identity":"d5418c26-ad62-415a-8d5f-2c76827847f8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-10-01 10:06:21","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":88275,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eHPLC chromatogram of \u003cem\u003eR.pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e dichloromethane and hexane extracts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea.fruit (hexane), b. fruit (dcm), c. leaf (dcm), d.leaf (hexane), e. root (dcm), f. stem (dcm).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4946927/v1/fa1ca1892fded715ab86cf71.png"},{"id":65689460,"identity":"ed5b070d-e656-449d-aa01-d231c892e37a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-10-01 10:06:21","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":48926,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eCell viability results. Control, DCM Leaf, Terpene Root, Terpene Stem, DCM Stem.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4946927/v1/ca5e51371702c6d29133b1a9.png"},{"id":73694118,"identity":"a46b899b-7cc0-42e3-930c-f0024dbfe625","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-01-13 16:11:11","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2829164,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4946927/v1/8acbc5f4-5bfd-4bf2-a916-02ac5c3b7650.pdf"},{"id":65689461,"identity":"c6c934c9-fd55-4686-b03e-a24ea2938f9f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-10-01 10:06:21","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":307885,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGraphical abstract\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"GA.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4946927/v1/9ae885cf1f1b4b42cb4b77ef.png"},{"id":65689462,"identity":"de40f46a-052c-4801-8cac-f7e1ea88b906","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-10-01 10:06:21","extension":"docx","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":6700094,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SupplementaryinformationFull.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4946927/v1/2c09d7d37294e0ee6a3f4ec0.docx"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Optimization of Betulinic and Ursolic Acids and Phenolics Extraction from Endemic Rosa pisiformis Using Box-Behnken Design in Relation to Cytotoxic Activities","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eBetulinic acid is a triterpenoid known to be isolated from different organs of various plants, including \u003cem\u003eRosa\u003c/em\u003e sp. This metabolite inhibits the growth of human melanoma [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e] cells and the replication of the AIDS virus [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e]. In addition, betulinic acid derivatives trigger apoptosis in human melanoma cells [\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR4\" citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e]. Despite its significant pharmacological potential, betulinic acid is primarily obtained through extraction from the bark or extracts of \u003cem\u003eBetula alba\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eBetula pendula\u003c/em\u003e, or by synthetic processes that use betulin (alcoholic triterpene) isolated from the bark of these plants as an intermediate. Therefore, new research is required to identify natural resources capable of producing large quantities of products from easily regenerable parts (leaves, lateral branches, fruit) without adversely affecting plant growth. The aim of this study is to determine and compare the amounts of betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid, as well as the phenolic compounds (catechin, rutin, and quercetin) in the root, stem, leaves, and fruits of endemic \u003cem\u003eRosa pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e (Christ.) D. Sosn. (red rose). For this purpose, terpenes and phenolic compounds were isolated using three different solvent systems (hexane, dichloromethane and ethanol) through an extraction technique from the roots, stems, leaves, and fruits of the plant collected from the province of G\u0026uuml;m\u0026uuml;şhane, a natural distribution area. The structures were analyzed using GC-MS and HPLC-DAD techniques, and quantitative determinations were performed. The rose plant is well-known for its significant amount of vitamin C, particularly in its fruits and seeds, as well as its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In addition to these benefits, the presence of triterpene acids, especially betulinic acid with its anti-cancer effects, was determined in various organs (root, stem, leaf) besides fruit.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRosehip species, containing ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds and healthy fatty acids, have antioxidant properties and are used in the treatment of skin disorders, hepatotoxicity, kidney diseases, diarrhea, inflammation, arthritis, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity and cancer [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBetulinic acid, identified in various \u003cem\u003eRosa\u003c/em\u003e species [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e], particularly in \u003cem\u003eRosa canina\u003c/em\u003e [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e], has gained significant attention in recent years due to its diverse biological and medicinal properties such as anti-bacterial, anti-malarial, anti-inflammatory, antihelmintic, antinociceptive, anti-HSV-I and anticancer effects [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]. Birch (\u003cem\u003eBetula\u003c/em\u003e spp., Betulaceae) is the primary source of betulinic acid, a natural compound vwidespread in the plant kingdom. However, it is also found in species such as \u003cem\u003eZiziphus\u003c/em\u003e spp. (Rhamnaceae), \u003cem\u003eSyzygium\u003c/em\u003e spp. (Myrtaceae), \u003cem\u003eDiospyros\u003c/em\u003e spp. (Ebenaceae) and \u003cem\u003ePaeonia\u003c/em\u003e spp. (Paeoniaceae) species [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhytochemical studies [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e], conducted on 11 rose species distributed in the Eastern, Southern and Western regions of T\u0026uuml;rkiye, reported the total phenolic contents, vitamin C levels, and antioxidant capacities of the fruits of \u003cem\u003eRosa pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eRosa canina\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eRosa villosa\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eRosa dumalis\u003c/em\u003e subsp. Antalyensis. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities were also determined.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhile it was found that \u003cem\u003eRosa pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e fruits had the highest α-tocopherol (17.60 mg/g) content and a fructose ratio of 17.20 mg/g in fruits [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e], there is currently no literature data available on the amounts of betulinic acid, ursolic acid and phenolics. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to quantify betulinic acid, ursolic acid, and phenolics in various organs such as roots, stems, leaves, and fruits of our endemic species using the Box-Benchen Method with a focus on their cytotoxic activities.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Experimental section","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003ePlant material\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlant materials (root, stem, leaf, and fruit) of \u003cem\u003eRosa psiformis\u003c/em\u003e (Christ.) D. Sosn., were collected from G\u0026uuml;m\u0026uuml;şhane (Ak\u0026ccedil;akale, G\u0026uuml;m\u0026uuml;şhane-Turkey; coordinates 40\u0026deg;26'15.9\u0026rdquo;N, 39\u0026deg;30'46.8\u0026rdquo;E) and air-dried at room temperature (25\u0026deg;C) for two weeks. A voucher specimen with code number of 44010 is deposited at Ege University Herbarium Center. After drying, the plant materials were ground and stored at room temperature (25\u0026deg;C) until extraction.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eChemicals and standards\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eEthanol (HPLC grade), dichloromethane, hexane, and standards of betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid and catechin, rutin and quercetin phenolics were sourced from (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eCell lines for anticancer activity\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eHuman prostate cancer cell line PC3 (PC-3) and A549 human lung carcinoma epithelia cells were treated with DMEM High Glucose (Capricorn CP 40-1309), 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS, A0500-3010, Cegrogen Biotech, Almanya), 0.5% Gentamisin 10 mg/mL (A2712 Merck, Almanya), Sodyum pir\u0026uuml;vat 100 mM (L0473 Merck, Almanya). Negative Control consisted of 1% Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in nutrient medium while the blank was the cultured prepared with cell culture medium without test substance.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eExtraction and Box-Behnken method\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe extraction process was carried out by maceration of 1 g drug material in a 300 ml percolator, repeated one, three and five times. A Box-Behnken (45) factorial trial design was conducted for each solvent and drug to optimize the extraction process (Ferreira et al., 2007). The drug/solvent ratio (65%, 80%, 95%), types of solvent (ethanol, dichloromethane, hexane) and solvent contents (50, 75, 100) were evaluated for the root, stem, leaf and fruit (Table\u0026nbsp;1). Dichloromethane and hexane solutions were prepared by dilution with ethanol. Each factor was tested in 15 trial designs, with low, medium, and high levels (\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1, 1, and 0) evaluated in triplicate. The coded value was calculated as follows: Coded value\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Actual value\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.5 \u0026times; (high value\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;low value) 0.5 \u0026times; (high value \u0026ndash; low value).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;1.\u003c/b\u003e Extraction variables selected for Box-Bohnken Design (BBD) optimization.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"data:image/png;base64,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\" height=\"210\" width=\"665\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAll the meceration solvents were combined, homogenized, filtered and evaporated to dryness using a rotary evaporator. The percentage yield was then calculated, and sunsequent trials were conducted to determine the amounts of oleonolic, ursolic and betulinic acids. Maceration trials were performed in triplicate, and the results were evaluated by calculating the mean\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;standard error. Data were statistically analyzed using the t-test with a significance level of p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eHPLC analysis of compounds\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eTri Terpenes\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe HPLC method was conducted using an Agilent 1260 Infinity II device equipped with an Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column (5 \u0026micro;m, 4.6 \u0026times; 150 mm). The mobile phase consisted of 50% acetonitrile and 50% ethanol. The detection wavelength was set to 210 nm, with the oven temperature maintained at 25\u0026deg;C. The flow rate was 0.5 mL/min, and the injection volume was 20 \u0026micro;L.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec10\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003ePhenolics\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics were detected using the HPLC method with the following conditions: an Agilent 1260 Infinity II device, equipped with an Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column (5 \u0026micro;m, 4.6 \u0026times; 150 mm). The mobile phase consisted of water containing 0.2% phosphoric acid (80%) and acetonitrile (20%). The detection wavelength was set to 210 nm, with the column oven temperature maintained at 25\u0026deg;C. The flow rate was 1 mL/min, and the injection volume was 20 \u0026micro;L.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eAnticancer activity study\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe cytotoxicity test was performed using the MTT assay on A549 and PC3 cell lines. The optimized plant material was applied to the cells for 24 hours in an environment of 5.0% CO2 and 95% humidity at 37\u0026deg;C. The cells were seeded at a concentration of 1 \u0026times; 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c/sup\u003e cells/mL in 96-well microplates. The cytotoxic effect was evaluated by measuring the absorbance at 570 nm using a spectrophotometer, following the MTT assay protocol (ISO 10993-5:2009).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Results and discussion","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec13\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eHPLC analysis of flavonoids and tri terpenes\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe optimised dichlorometane and ethanol extracts of root, stem, fruits, and hexane extracts of fruit and leaf, contained the phenolics catechin, rutin and quercetin. However, rutin was not determined in the stem and roots of \u003cem\u003eR. pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e subsp. p\u003cem\u003eisiformis\u003c/em\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e and Supplementary Fig. S18-S21 online). Betulinic and ursolic acids were the terpenes found in the stems of \u003cem\u003eR. pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e subsp. \u003cem\u003episiformis\u003c/em\u003e (Table\u0026nbsp;2). Oleonolic acid was not identified in any of the plant organs.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"No\" id=\"Taba\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSolvent extracts\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCatechin (\u0026micro;g/mg)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRutin (\u0026micro;g/mg)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuercetin (\u0026micro;g/mg)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBetulinic acid (\u0026micro;g/mg)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrsolic acid (\u0026micro;g/mg)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDCM Fruit\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.97\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDCM Leaf\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15.61\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDCM Stem\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e28.96\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e39.90\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDCM Root\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.99\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eETOH Fruit\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eETOH Leaf\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eETOH Stem\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eETOH Root\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHexane Fruit\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e59.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHexane Leaf\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e171.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHexane Stem\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11.84\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e206.40\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHexane Root\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.43\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eni\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"6\"\u003eDCM: dichloromethane, EtOH: ethanol\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;2.\u003c/b\u003e Phenolics (catechin, rutin, quercetin), Betulinic and Ursolic acids content of \u003cem\u003eR. pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e subsp. \u003cem\u003episiformis\u003c/em\u003e extracts.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec14\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eCytotoxicity results\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eCytotoxic\u003c/b\u003e activity \u003cb\u003ewas not determined\u003c/b\u003e only in the \u003cb\u003eDCM stem\u003c/b\u003e extract of \u003cem\u003eR. pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e subsp. \u003cem\u003ePisiformis\u003c/em\u003e, which was rich in catechin (3.56 \u0026micro;g/mg), \u003cb\u003erutin\u003c/b\u003e (\u003cb\u003e28.96 \u0026micro;g/mg\u003c/b\u003e), and \u003cb\u003equercetin\u003c/b\u003e (\u003cb\u003e39.90 \u0026micro;g/mg\u003c/b\u003e). However, cytotoxic activity was detected in the \u003cb\u003ehexane extracts\u003c/b\u003e of \u003cb\u003eroot\u003c/b\u003e, which were rich in catechin (9.43 \u0026micro;g/mg), quercetin (2.32 \u0026micro;g/mg), betulinic acid (9.72 \u0026micro;g/mg) and ursolic acid (45.90 \u0026micro;g/mg), as well as in the \u003cb\u003estem\u003c/b\u003e, which contained catechin (0.07 \u0026micro;g/mg), quercetin (2.94 \u0026micro;g/mg), betulinic acid (\u003cb\u003e11.84 \u0026micro;g/mg\u003c/b\u003e), and \u003cb\u003eursolic acid\u003c/b\u003e (\u003cb\u003e206.40 \u0026micro;g/mg\u003c/b\u003e). Additionally, \u003cb\u003eDCM leaf\u003c/b\u003e extract, which was rich in \u003cb\u003ecatechin\u003c/b\u003e (\u003cb\u003e15.61 \u0026micro;g/mg\u003c/b\u003e), rutin (12.80 \u0026micro;g/mg) and quercetin (20.70 \u0026micro;g/mg), showed cytotoxic activity based on the absorbances readings at 570 nm (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Box-Behnken response surface design and corresponding response values.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"17\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c11\" colnum=\"11\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c12\" colnum=\"12\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c13\" colnum=\"13\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c14\" colnum=\"14\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c15\" colnum=\"15\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c16\" colnum=\"16\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c17\" colnum=\"17\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"4\" nameend=\"c9\" namest=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eR1\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;SD (total content \u0026lsquo;\u0026rsquo;mg/g\u0026rsquo;\u0026rsquo;) (ethanol/water)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"4\" nameend=\"c13\" namest=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eR2\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;SD (total content \u0026lsquo;\u0026rsquo;mg/g\u0026rsquo;\u0026rsquo;) (Dichloromethane/ethanol)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"4\" nameend=\"c17\" namest=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eR3\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;SD (total content \u0026lsquo;\u0026rsquo;mg/g\u0026rsquo;\u0026rsquo;) (hexane/ethanol)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStd\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRun\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFactor 1:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e Solvent (mL)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFactor 2: Maceration Time (day)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFactor 3 : Solvent Percantage(%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003estem\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eroot\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eleaf\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003efruit\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003estem\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eroot\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eleaf\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003efruit\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003estem\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eroot\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eleaf\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003efruit\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.78\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e37.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e44.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.86\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e43.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.41\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.12\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.85\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.85\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.06\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.56\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.06\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.98\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35.26\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e43.92\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.02\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.03\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.86\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e44.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.36\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.89\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e43\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.12\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.42\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.42\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.68\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.75\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.64\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.56\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.12\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.02\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.01\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41.75\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.63\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.92\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.78\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.42\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.03\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.44\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.98\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.68\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.85\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.44\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.38\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.87\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42.88\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51.26\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40.93\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40.11\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.95\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.38\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.02\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.03\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e44.28\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39.68\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.69\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.87\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.63\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.65\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39.98\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.56\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.02\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38.66\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45.15\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35.56\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.21\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.22\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.03\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.65\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39.75\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.15\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.96\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.02\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.23\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.89\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e37.69\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.65\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.89\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.56\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.36\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.98\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.36\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e43.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.69\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.85\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.42\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.32\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.24\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.85\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42.85\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.03\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42.95\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.87\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.35\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.63\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\"\u0026plusmn;\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec15\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eBox-Benchen experimental design\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe experiment running was showed in a raw with its responses [total content (mg) (Y1) and fenolic, terpenoid and flavonoid content (Y2)]. The reliability of the model fit was evaluated through the coefficient of variance (CV%), coefficient of determination (R2) and adjusted coefficient of determination (R2a). The modal capacity was determined by these tests to give the maximum mg and phenolic and terpenoid content.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eThe optimum total content\u003c/b\u003e was found to be 51.26 mg/g in the fruit extracted with ethanol, 40.93 mg/g in the stem extracted with dichloromethane, and 44.28 mg/g in the fruit extracted with hexane. The results were obtained from a five-day maceration using 65% ratio and a 75 ml volume of solvent (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e and Supplementary Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"MOESM1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003eS1\u003c/span\u003e-S16 online).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor each response, the sequential model sum of squares and lack-of-fit tests were performed for quadratic, cubic, 2-factor interaction, and linear models. While factor B2 had a directly proportional effect, C2 had an inversely proportional effect and was highly significant. A study was conducted to optimize the extraction process of phenolic and terpenoid compounds from the aerial parts of \u003cem\u003eRosa psiformis\u003c/em\u003e. The experiment involved four models (quadratic, cubic, 2-factor interaction, and linear) to determine the maximum yield, as well as phenolic and terpenoid content. The effects of the factors and their interactions on each response were evaluated using analysis of variance. The results indicated that maceration time had the highest effect on increasing the total content, while the solvent and plant had a significant effect on the total phenolic content obtained.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe model was validated through model accuracy and multiple response optimization. The maximum total content was achieved with 75 ml of 65% solvent over five days. The maximum phenolic content was found to be 206.40 \u0026micro;g/mg ursolic acid and 72.42 \u0026micro;g/mg phenolics (dichloromethane), and 11.84 \u0026micro;g/mg betulinic acid (hexane) in stem. The actual results were in close agreement with the predicted values, confirming the adequacy of the response model (Tables\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuadratic model fıtting for the total content *stastistically signifıcant: p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"14\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c11\" colnum=\"11\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c12\" colnum=\"12\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c13\" colnum=\"13\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c14\" colnum=\"14\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSource\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSum of Squares\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003edf\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMean Square\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRemarks\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSource\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSum of Squares\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003edf\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMean Square\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRemarks\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean vs Total\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16059.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16059.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.61\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear vs Mean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e127.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42.60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI vs Linear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic vs 2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePure Error\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic vs Quadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eResidual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16218.58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1081.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean vs Total\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6483.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6483.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear vs Mean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.49\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI vs Linear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic vs 2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePure Error\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic vs Quadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eResidual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6535.86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e435.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean vs Total\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13185.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13185.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.61\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear vs Mean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e62.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI vs Linear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic vs 2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePure Error\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic vs Quadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eResidual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13269.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e884.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.43\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean vs Total\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16575.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16575.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear vs Mean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e73.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI vs Linear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.98\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic vs 2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePure Error\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic vs Quadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eResidual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16666.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1111.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.61\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean vs Total\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7207.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7207.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear vs Mean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI vs Linear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic vs 2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePure Error\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic vs Quadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eResidual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7272.57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e484.84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean vs Total\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2817.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2817.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear vs Mean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI vs Linear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic vs 2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePure Error\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic vs Quadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eResidual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2864.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e190.96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.74\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean vs Total\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3989.92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3989.92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear vs Mean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI vs Linear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic vs 2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.97\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePure Error\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic vs Quadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eResidual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4038.96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e269.26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.99\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean vs Total\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18811.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18811.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear vs Mean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.49\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI vs Linear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic vs 2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePure Error\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic vs Quadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eResidual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18928.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1261.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean vs Total\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5747.91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5747.91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear vs Mean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI vs Linear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic vs 2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePure Error\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic vs Quadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eResidual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5789.79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e385.99\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean vs Total\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14759.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14759.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear vs Mean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI vs Linear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic vs 2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePure Error\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic vs Quadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eResidual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14809.49\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e987.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.62\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e96.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean vs Total\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27407.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27407.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e46.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear vs Mean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e109.67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI vs Linear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic vs 2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePure Error\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic vs Quadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eResidual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27551.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1836.79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e77.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean vs Total\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25956.74\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25956.74\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e######\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLinear vs Mean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.99\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49.54\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2FI vs Linear\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuadratic vs 2FI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.43\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePure Error\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCubic vs Quadratic\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49.54\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eResidual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26000.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1733.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 5\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP-Values and estimated regression Coeffıcients of the two studied responses. *Statistically signifıcant: p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"11\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c11\" colnum=\"11\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-values shading\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntercept\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAB\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u0026sup2;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eB\u0026sup2;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC\u0026sup2;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDichloromethane (stem)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-values\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEthanol (stem)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-values\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHexane (stem)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.74\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.49\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-values\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.74\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDichloromethane (root)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.065\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.62\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-values\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEthanol (root)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-values\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHexane (root)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.99\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.145\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.99\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-values\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDichloromethane (leaf)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1065.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-values\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEthanol (leaf)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.115\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-values\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHexane (leaf)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.925\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-values\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDichloromethane (fruit)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-values\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEthanol (fruit)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-2.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-values\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHexane (fruit)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.325\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.195\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-values\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.61\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn the world population approaching eight billion [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR41\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e41\u003c/span\u003e], the fruits of rose plants (\u003cem\u003eRosa\u003c/em\u003e sp) are rich functional foods containing polyphenols (flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, catechins), triterpene acids, essential fatty acids, galactolipids, folate, vitamins A, C, and E, and minerals (Ca, Mg, K, S, Si, Se, Mn, and Fe) [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e]. The amount of ascorbic acid, which is beneficial for Alzheimer's and cancer diseases, is 1200 mg/l for \u003cem\u003eR. rugosa\u003c/em\u003e and 600 mg/l for \u003cem\u003eR. canina\u003c/em\u003e fruits [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e]. The main bioactive compounds isolated from this genus are flavonoids (eg kaempferol, quercetin, apigenin), triterpenoids (eg ursolic acid, tormentic acid, euscaphic acid, betulinic acid), and phytosterols (eg β-sitosterol) [\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR16 CR17 CR18 CR19 CR20 CR21\" citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e22\u003c/span\u003e]. Triterpenes in rose fruits were determined as oleonolic acid, betulinic acid and ursolic acid [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eR. canina\u003c/em\u003e L. fruit powders showed an immunomodulatory effect on human monocytic Mono Mac 6 cells. Triterpenic acid mixture (oleanolic, ursolic and betulinic acid) inhibited the release of IL-6 and TNF-α [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e]. Botanical pentacyclic triterpenes have antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory effects [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e]. The mechanism of these bioactivities is believed to be due to the regulation of the immune system. For instance, treatment with a combination of natural compounds yields better responses than treatment with synthetic drugs alone. An example is the combination of escin, isolated from the seeds of \u003cem\u003eAesculus hippocastanum\u003c/em\u003e L., with corticosterone, which reduces the synthesis of inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) by 24.43%, interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β) by 46.9%, and nitric oxide (NO) by 31.8% [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e]. Another study demonstrated that a mixture of oleanolic, ursolic, and betulinic acid obtained from \u003cem\u003eRosa canina\u003c/em\u003e L. has a more effective immunomodulatory effect than any single compound [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e]. Additionally, it has been proven that a standard powder prepared from rosehip seeds and peels improves cell aging and reduces skin wrinkles by accumulating in the membranes of erythrocyte cells [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrsolic, oleanolic, and betulinic acids are biologically active compounds in rosehip, acting as immune system modulators [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]. Among the triterpenic acids, betulinic acid was found in concentrations ranging from 36 to 772 mg/kg, oleanolic acid from 66 to 1723 mg/kg, and ursolic acid from 37 to 2531 mg/kg, as determined by negative ionization model. The amount of triterpenic acids varies between genotypes, species, and sections. The highest triterpene value, 4600 mg/kg, was observed in \u003cem\u003eR. spinosissima\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cem\u003eR. pulverulenta\u003c/em\u003e, which contains the lowest levels of carotenoids, tocopherols, and flavonoids, has moderate triterpene acid content, with betulinic acid at 213 mg/kg, oleanolic acid at 1045 mg/kg, and ursolic acid at 452 mg/kg [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e]. Our results showed 11.84 \u0026micro;g/mg betulinic acid in the stem of \u003cem\u003eR. pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e subsp. \u003cem\u003episiformis\u003c/em\u003e, 9.34 \u0026micro;g/mg in the roots, 206.40 \u0026micro;g/mg ursolic acid in the stem, 171.50 \u0026micro;g/mg in the leaves, 59.10 \u0026micro;g/mg in the fruit, and 45.40 \u0026micro;g/mg in the roots.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSome medically important secondary metabolites with antibacterial, anticancer, astringent, depurative and anti-inflammatory activities include polysaccharides, flavonoids, steroids, tannins, laevigatins (E, F, G), triterpenoids, 11α-hydroxytormentic acid, 2α-methoxyursolic acid, 6-methoxy-β-glucopyranosyl ester, tormentic acid and 5α-diol 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosides were determined [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e31\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn addition to flavonoids, triterpenoids eucaphic acid, nigaikigoside, betulinic acid, kajiikigoside, rubusid, tomentic acid and rosamutin were obtained from \u003cem\u003eRosa laevigata\u003c/em\u003e roots [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e32\u003c/span\u003e]. The presence of ursan-type triterpenes in the root of \u003cem\u003eRosa cymosa\u003c/em\u003e Tratt, used in Chinese herbal medicine, was determined qualitatively and quantitatively by HPLC and TLC [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e33\u003c/span\u003e]. Two new triterpenes, 19-oxo-18,19-seco-ursan-type lactone saponin and oleanin-type triterpenoid with anti-inflammatory effects, were obtained from ethylacetate extracts of \u003cem\u003eRosa laevigata\u003c/em\u003e leaves [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e34\u003c/span\u003e]. \u003cem\u003eRosa rugosa\u003c/em\u003e var. \u003cem\u003eplena\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eR. woodsii\u003c/em\u003e leaves were found to be rich in sesquiterpenes [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e35\u003c/span\u003e]. It has been reported that flavonoids, carotenoids and fatty acids in \u003cem\u003eRosa canina\u003c/em\u003e pseudo fruits have anti-inflammatory activity [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e36\u003c/span\u003e]. In the fruits of \u003cem\u003eRosa pseudofructus cum/sine fructibus\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eRosa canina\u003c/em\u003e L., triterpenoid acids including ursolic, oleanolic and betulinic acids were detected in hexane and dichloromethane extracts, and these acids inhibited cyclooxygenases [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]. Fruits of \u003cem\u003eR. pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e subsp. \u003cem\u003episiformis\u003c/em\u003e were found to be rich in ursolic acid (59.1 \u0026micro;g/mg, and also contained catechin (3.65 \u0026micro;g/mg), rutin (1.09 \u0026micro;g/mg) and quercetin (23.97 \u0026micro;g/mg). Betulinic acid was not detected in the fruits of \u003cem\u003eR. pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e subsp. \u003cem\u003episiformis\u003c/em\u003e. Cytotoxic activity was observed only in the leaf, root and stem of our endemic species \u003cem\u003eR. pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e subsp. \u003cem\u003episiformis\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRose species, including rose hips, are wild plants primarily originating in Asia with less occurrences in Europe, North America, and Northwest Africa. These plants contain medicinal compounds traditionally used to treat various diseases. While it is widely distributed in T\u0026uuml;rkiye with 27 \u003cem\u003eRosa\u003c/em\u003e species, there are two endemic species. Of these, \u003cem\u003eRosa pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e subsp. \u003cem\u003episiformis\u003c/em\u003e (Christ.) D. Sosn. is endemic to Northeast and East Anatolia, and in the provinces of Kars, Ağrı, Erzincan, Erzurum, G\u0026uuml;m\u0026uuml;şhane, Bayburt. \u003cem\u003eRosa dumalis\u003c/em\u003e BECHST subsp. \u003cem\u003eboissieri\u003c/em\u003e (CREPIN) \u0026Ouml;. NILSSON. var. \u003cem\u003eantalyensis\u003c/em\u003e (MANDEN.) \u0026Ouml;. NILSSON, on the other hand, is naturally distributed in Southwest Anatolia.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eRosa pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e (Christ.) D. Sosn, a medicinal perennial shrub in the Rosaceae family, a medicinal perennial shrub in the Rosaceae family, is endemic to various regions, including the evil eye rose around Istanbul and Van, rosehip in the town of G\u0026uuml;zelsu, G\u0026uuml;rpınar district of Van, and Şilan in the Malazgirt district of Muş [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR37\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e37\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e38\u003c/span\u003e]. This species is originated from different parts of Europe, Asia and the America\u0026rsquo;s and Northwest Iran. The leaves and fruits of the plant are rich in vitamins (A, E, C), trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Se) and minerals (Ca, K, Mg, Na). It is stated that it has protective effects on heart tissue antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px, SOD, CAT) during stress [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e39\u003c/span\u003e]. Leaves and fruits of \u003cem\u003eRosa pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e subsp. \u003cem\u003episiformis\u003c/em\u003e (Christ.) D. Sosn, found in Van province, are rich in vitamins (A, E, C), trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Se), and minerals (Ca, K, Mg, Na). It has also been reported to have protective effects on cardiac tissue by enhancing antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px, SOD, CAT) during oxidative stress induced by isoproterenol [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e39\u003c/span\u003e]. It was desmostrated that treatment with \u003cem\u003eRosa pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e (Christ.) D. Sosn. (R.PS) fruits reduced oxidative damage and improved the levels of Zn, Mn, Co, Mg, and Na in rat heart tissue. Moreover, the pharmacological effects of \u003cem\u003eR. pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e fruit are attributed to its phytochemical composition, including caffeic and p-coumaric acids [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e43\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBetulinic acid, an immune system modulator, has been shown to have anticancer effects in \u003cem\u003eRosa canina\u003c/em\u003e L. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e]. It was demonstrated that betulinic acid mitigated toxin-induced lung damage by reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammation, and decreasing apoptosis through down-regulation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR42\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e42\u003c/span\u003e]. The fact that the seeds of \u003cem\u003eRosa canina\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eR. pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e contain higher amounts of fatty acids than their fruits [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e44\u003c/span\u003e] is important because fatty acids have the property of controlling the growth of pathogens and cancer cells [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e40\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR45\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e45\u003c/span\u003e]. In addition, another important feature of \u003cem\u003eRosa pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e seeds and fruits is that their vitamin E content is higher than that of \u003cem\u003eRosa canina\u003c/em\u003e. Specifically, the amounts of δ- and α-tocopherol were (17.60 \u0026micro;g/g) in \u003cem\u003eR. pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e, whereas in \u003cem\u003eR. canina\u003c/em\u003e, they are only 7.15 \u0026micro;g/g, indicating a significantly lower level [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe investigation of \u003cem\u003eRosa\u003c/em\u003e species for their vitamin C, polyphenols, and antioxidant activity [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR46\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e46\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR47\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e47\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR48\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e48\u003c/span\u003e] led us to explore betulinic acid\u0026mdash;a triterpenic acid with significant pharmacological effects, such as anticarcinogenic properties\u0026mdash; both qualitatively and quantitatively in different organs of the endemic \u003cem\u003eRosa pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e subsp. \u003cem\u003episiformis\u003c/em\u003e (Christ.) D. Sosn, including the root, stem, leaf, and fruit. According to the Box-Benchen method, the optimisation data indicated a solvent ratio of 65% and five maceration cycles with 75 ml of solvent. The highest amount of catechin was found in the leaf (DCM) at 15.61 \u0026micro;g/mg. The stem was found to be rich in rutin (28.96 \u0026micro;g/mg) and quercetin (39.90 \u0026micro;g/mg). \u003cb\u003eBetulinic acid\u003c/b\u003e was detected for the first time in the \u003cb\u003estem\u003c/b\u003e (\u003cb\u003e11.84 \u0026micro;g/mg\u003c/b\u003e) and \u003cb\u003eroot\u003c/b\u003e (\u003cb\u003e9.72 \u0026micro;g/mg\u003c/b\u003e) in hexane extracts. Cytotoxic activities were most pronounced in the DCM leaf, which is rich in phenolics such as catechin (15.61 \u0026micro;g/mg), rutin (12.80 \u0026micro;g/mg), and quercetin (20.70 \u0026micro;g/mg). Additionally, cytotoxic effects were observed in the root (hexane) and stem (hexane), primarily against prostate and lung carcinoma cells, as determined by the ABTS assay.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting interests / COI statement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported herein.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Availability\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis research was\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003esupported by Scientific Research Projects Council of Ege University with the Project number of FGA-2021-22385.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor contributions\u003c/strong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHatice Demiray: concept, experimental design, finding grant, discussion, correction, and proofread. Mesut Emir Dibek: isolation, synthesis, structure elucidation, and drafting manuscript and discussion, anti-proliferative activity. Onur \u0026Ouml;zel: structure discussion, proofread.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthors\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eare grateful to Scientific Research Projects Council of Ege University.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePisha, E. et al. Discovery of betulinic acid as a selective inhibitor of human melanoma that functions by induction of apoptosis. \u003cem\u003eNat. Med.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e1.10\u003c/b\u003e, 1046\u0026ndash;1051. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1038/nm1095-1046\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1038/nm1095-1046\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (1995).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSoler, F. et al. Betulinic acid derivates: a new class of HIV type 1 entry. \u003cem\u003eJ. Med. Chem.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e39\u003c/b\u003e, 1069\u0026ndash;1083. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1021/jm950670t\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1021/jm950670t\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (1996).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChatterjee, P., Kouzi, S. A., Pezzuto, J. M. \u0026amp; Hamann, M. T. Biotransformation of the antimelanoma agent betulinic acid by Bacillus megaterium ATCC 13368. \u003cem\u003eAppl. Environ. Microbiol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e66\u003c/b\u003e (9), 3850\u0026ndash;3855. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1128/AEM.66.9.3850-3855\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1128/AEM.66.9.3850-3855\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2000).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGalgon, T., Wohlrab, W. \u0026amp; Drager, B. Betulinic acid induces apoptosis in skin cancer cells and differentiation in normal human keratinocytes. \u003cem\u003eExperimental Dermatology Oct.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e14\u003c/b\u003e (10), 736\u0026ndash;743. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1111/j.1600-0625.2005.00352.x\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1111/j.1600-0625.2005.00352.x\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2005).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHordyjewska, A., Ostapiuk, A., Horecka, A. \u0026amp; Kurzepa, J. Betulin and betulinic acid: triterpenoids derivatives with a powerful biological potential. \u003cem\u003ePhytochem Rev.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e18\u003c/b\u003e, 929\u0026ndash;951. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-019-09623-1\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1007/s11101-019-09623-1\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2019).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eM\u0026aacute;rmol, I., S\u0026aacute;nchez-de-Diego, C., Jim\u0026eacute;nez-Moreno, N., Anc\u0026iacute;n-Azpilicueta, C. \u0026amp; Rodr\u0026iacute;guez-Yoldi, M. J. Therapeutic applications of rose hips from different \u003cem\u003eRosa\u003c/em\u003e species. \u003cem\u003eInt. J. Mol. Sci.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e18\u003c/b\u003e, 1137. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.3390/ijms18061137\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.3390/ijms18061137\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2017).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eJager, A. K., Eldeen, I. M. S. \u0026amp; Van Staden, J. COX-1 and \u0026ndash;\u0026thinsp;2 activity of rose hip. \u003cem\u003ePhytother. Res.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e21\u003c/b\u003e (12), 1251\u0026ndash;1252. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1002/ptr.2236\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1002/ptr.2236\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2007).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWenzig, E. M. et al. Phytochemical composition and in vitro pharmacological activity of two rosehip (\u003cem\u003eRosa canina\u003c/em\u003e L.) preparations. Phytomedicine, 15: 826\u0026thinsp;\u0026ndash;\u0026thinsp;35. DOI: (2008). \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1016/j.phymed.2008.06.012\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1016/j.phymed.2008.06.012\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMoghaddam, M. G., Bin, F. \u0026amp; Samzadeh-Kermani, H. A. Biological activity of betulinic acid: A Review. \u003cem\u003ePharmacol. Pharm.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e3\u003c/b\u003e, 119\u0026ndash;123. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e/10.4236/pp.2012.32018\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"/10.4236/pp.2012.32018\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2012).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBildziukevich, U., \u0026Ouml;zdemir, Z., Wimmer, Z., Drasar, P. B. \u0026amp; Khripach, V. A. Recent achievements in medicinal and supramolecular chemistry of betulinic acid and its derivatives. \u003cem\u003eMolecules\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cb\u003e24\u003c/b\u003e (19), 3546. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.3390/molecules24193546\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.3390/molecules24193546\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2019).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eG\u0026uuml;lser, F., Alp, Ş. \u0026amp; S\u0026ouml;nmez, F. Carotenoid, carotene and anthocyanin levels of naturally grown old garden Roses (\u003cem\u003eRosa\u003c/em\u003e ssp.) in Van. \u003cem\u003eISPEC J. Agr Sci.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e4\u003c/b\u003e (1), 25\u0026ndash;30. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.46291/ISPECJASvol4iss1pp25-30\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.46291/ISPECJASvol4iss1pp25-30\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2020).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYoruk, I. H. et al. Fatty Acid, Sugar and Vitamin Contents in Rose Hip Species. \u003cem\u003eAsian J. Chem. Vol\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cb\u003e20\u003c/b\u003e (2), 1357\u0026ndash;1364 (2008).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePatel, S. Rose hip as an underutilized functional food: Evidence-based review. \u003cem\u003eTrends Food Sci. Technol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e63\u003c/b\u003e, 29\u0026ndash;38. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1016/j.tifs.2017.03.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1016/j.tifs.2017.03.001\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2017).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCzyzowska, A., Klewicka, E., Pogorzelski, E., Nowak, A. \u0026amp; Polyphenols vitamin C and antioxidant activity in wines from \u003cem\u003eRosa canina\u003c/em\u003e L. and \u003cem\u003eRosa rugosa\u003c/em\u003e Thunb. \u003cem\u003eJ. Food Compos. Anal.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e39\u003c/b\u003e, 62\u0026ndash;68. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttp://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2014.11.009\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1016/j.jfca.2014.11.009\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2015).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHashidoko, Y., Tahara, S. \u0026amp; Mizutani, J. 2-Phenoxychromones and a structurally related flavone from leaves of \u003cem\u003eRosa rugosa\u003c/em\u003e, Phytochemistry 30: 3837\u0026ndash;3838. DOI: https://doi.org0031-9422 (1991).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eJin, C. L., Hong, C. Z. \u0026amp; Cao, D. X. The blocking effects of fruit of \u003cem\u003eRosa davurica\u003c/em\u003e Pall. (RDP) on the formation of dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) and protection of liver in rats. \u003cem\u003eCancer Res. Prev. Treat.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e21\u003c/b\u003e, 81\u0026ndash;82 (1994).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWang, P., Gu, B. \u0026amp; Song, L. P. Extraction of taxifolin from the stem of \u003cem\u003eRosa davurica\u003c/em\u003e Pall, Te Chan Yan Jiu 28: 53\u0026ndash;55; In: Cheng, B. et al. The genus \u003cem\u003eRosa\u003c/em\u003e and arthritis: Overview on pharmacological perspectives. Pharmacological Research. 114: 219\u0026ndash;234. doi.: (2006). \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1016/j.phrs.2016.10.029\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1016/j.phrs.2016.10.029\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2016).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBi, W. et al. Chemical compositions of \u003cem\u003eRosa laevigata\u003c/em\u003e Michx, J. J. Beijing Universify Traditional Chin. Med. 32(02) 110\u0026ndash;111; In: Quan, X-X., Huang, Y-Y., Chen, L., Yuan, J-Q. Traditional uses, phytochemical, pharmacology, quality control and modern applications of two important Chinese medicines from \u003cem\u003eRosa laevigata\u003c/em\u003e Michx.: A review. Front. Pharmacol. 13:1012265. doi: (2008). \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.3389/fphar.2022.1012265\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.3389/fphar.2022.1012265\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e; (2022).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eXie, X. Y., Gong, J. Y., Wang, L. Y., Zhang, Z. J. \u0026amp; Yu, C. Y. Chemical constituents of the root of \u003cem\u003eRosa davurica\u003c/em\u003e Pall, Lishizhen Med. Mater. Med. Res. 20, 366\u0026ndash;367; In: Razgonova, M. P. \u003cem\u003eet al. Rosa davurica\u003c/em\u003e Pall., \u003cem\u003eRosa rugosa\u003c/em\u003e Thunb., and \u003cem\u003eRosa acicularic\u003c/em\u003e Lindl. Originating from Far East of Russia: Screening of 146 Chemical Constituents in Three Species of the Genus Rosa. Appl. Sci., 12, 9401. (2009). \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://doi.org/10.3390/app12199401\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.3390/app12199401\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2022).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWu, X. W. et al. Studies on the chemical constituents of \u003cem\u003eRosa laevigata\u003c/em\u003e Michx fruits. \u003cem\u003eJ. Pharm. Pract.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e27\u003c/b\u003e, 183\u0026ndash;185 (2009).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBitis, L., Kultur, S., Melikoglu, G., Ozsoy, N. \u0026amp; Can, A. Flavonoids and antioxidant activity of \u003cem\u003eRosa agrestis\u003c/em\u003e leaves. \u003cem\u003eNat. Prod. Res.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e24\u003c/b\u003e (6), 580\u0026ndash;589. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1080/14786410903075507\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1080/14786410903075507\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2010).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGao, P. Y. et al. Triterpenes from fruits of \u003cem\u003eRosa laevigata\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cem\u003eBiochem. Syst. Ecol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e38\u003c/b\u003e (3), 457\u0026ndash;459. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1016/j.bse.2010.03.014\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1016/j.bse.2010.03.014\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2010).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSaaby, L., Jager, A. K., Moesby, L., Hansen, E. W. \u0026amp; Christensen, S. B. Isolation of immunomodulatory triterpene acids from a standardized rose hip powder (\u003cem\u003eRosa canina\u003c/em\u003e L). \u003cem\u003ePhytother. Res.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e25\u003c/b\u003e (2), 195\u0026ndash;201. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttp://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.3241\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1002/ptr.3241\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2011).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSaaby, L. \u0026amp; Nielsen, C. H. Triterpene acids from rose hip powder inhibit self-antigen- and LPS- induced cytokine production and CD4\u0026rsquo; T-cell proliferation in human mononuclear cell cultures. \u003cem\u003ePhytother. Res.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e26\u003c/b\u003e (8), 1142. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ee1147.http://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.3713\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"e1147.10.1002/ptr.3713\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2012).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHarun, N. H., Septama, A. W., Nizam, W. A., Ahmad, W. \u0026amp; Suppian, R. Immunomodulatory effects and structure-activity relationship of botanical pentacyclic triterpenes: A review. \u003cem\u003eChin. Herb. Med.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e4\u003c/b\u003e (2), 118\u0026ndash;124. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1016/j.chmed.2019.11.007\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1016/j.chmed.2019.11.007\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2020).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eArunachalam, K. \u003cem\u003eet al. Piper umbellatum\u003c/em\u003e L. (Piperaceae): Phytochemical profiles of the hydroethanolic leaf extract and intestinal anti-inflammatory mechanisms on 2, 4, 6 trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 23: 254:112707. doi: (2020). \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1016/j.jep.2020.112707\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1016/j.jep.2020.112707\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMiraj, S. Phytochemical composition and in vitro pharmacological activity of rose hip (\u003cem\u003eRosa canina\u003c/em\u003e L). \u003cem\u003eDer Pharma Chem.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e8\u003c/b\u003e (13), 117\u0026ndash;122 (2016).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLiu, J. Pharmacology of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid. \u003cem\u003eJ. Ethnopharmacol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e49\u003c/b\u003e, 57\u0026ndash;68. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1016/0378-8741(95)90032-2\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1016/0378-8741(95)90032-2\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (1995).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYogeeswari, P. \u0026amp; Sriram, D. Betulinic acid and its derivatives: a review on their biological properties. \u003cem\u003eCurr. Med. Chem.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e12\u003c/b\u003e, 657\u0026ndash;666. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.2174/0929867053202214\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.2174/0929867053202214\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2005).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBhave, A., Schulzova, V., Chmelarova, H., Mrnka, L. \u0026amp; Hajslova, J. Assessment of rosehips based on the content of their biologically active compounds. \u003cem\u003eJ. food drug Anal.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e25\u003c/b\u003e, 681\u0026ndash;690. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1016/j.jfda.2016.12.019\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1016/j.jfda.2016.12.019\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2017).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMehboob, H. et al. A review on secondary metabolites of \u003cem\u003eRosa laevigata\u003c/em\u003e Michaux: An important medicinal plant. \u003cem\u003eBiochem. Anal. Biochem.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e6\u003c/b\u003e (3), 1\u0026ndash;3. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.4172/2161-1009.1000326\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.4172/2161-1009.1000326\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2017).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLi, S. et al. Flavonoids and triterpenoids from the roots of \u003cem\u003eRosa laevigata\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cem\u003eJ. Mex Chem. Soc.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e58\u003c/b\u003e, 374\u0026ndash;377. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.29356/jmcs.v58i4.45\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.29356/jmcs.v58i4.45\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2014).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFan, X. et al. Studies on the chemical constituents and quality evaluation of \u003cem\u003eRosa cymosa\u003c/em\u003e Tratt. root. \u003cem\u003eJ. Sep. Sci.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e43\u003c/b\u003e, 4379\u0026ndash;4389. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1002/jssc.202000005\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1002/jssc.202000005\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2020).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eZeng, N. et al. Anti-inflammatory Triterpenes from the Leaves of \u003cem\u003eRosa laevigata\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cem\u003eJ. Nat. Prod.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e74\u003c/b\u003e, 732\u0026ndash;738. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1021/np1007922\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1021/np1007922\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2011).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHashidoko, Y., Tarara, S. \u0026amp; Mizutani, J. Bisabolane sesquiterpenes and a 2- phenoxychromone From \u003cem\u003eRosa woodsii\u003c/em\u003e Leaves. Phytochemistry, Vol. 31. No 6, 2148\u0026ndash;2149. DOI: (1992). \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1016/0031-9422(92)80384-Q\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1016/0031-9422(92)80384-Q\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWinther, K., Hansen Vinther, A. S. \u0026amp; Campbell-Tofte, J. Bioactive ingredients of rose hips (\u003cem\u003eRosa canina\u003c/em\u003e L) with special reference to antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties: in vitro studies. \u003cem\u003eBotanics: Targets Therapy\u003c/em\u003e. (6), 11\u0026ndash;23. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.2147/BTAT.S91385\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.2147/BTAT.S91385\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2016).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eKorkmaz, M. \u0026amp; \u0026Ouml;z\u0026ccedil;elik, H. T\u0026uuml;rkiye G\u0026uuml;llerinin (\u003cem\u003eRosa\u003c/em\u003e L.) Y\u0026ouml;resel Adları ve Yetiştikleri Y\u0026ouml;reler. \u003cem\u003eS\u0026uuml;leyman Demirel \u0026Uuml;niversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstit\u0026uuml;s\u0026uuml; Dergisi\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cb\u003e19\u003c/b\u003e (1), 75\u0026ndash;82. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.19113/sdufbed.96851\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.19113/sdufbed.96851\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2015).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026Ouml;z\u0026ccedil;elik, H. T\u0026uuml;rkiye g\u0026uuml;llerinin adları ve teknik terimleri. Avrasya Terim Dergisi, 6 (2): 1\u0026ndash;23 In: \u0026Ouml;z\u0026ccedil;elik H, Koca A T\u0026uuml;rkiye's rose taxa for economic purposes (\u003cem\u003eRosa\u003c/em\u003e L. spp.) and investigations on their classification and productions. Biological Diversity and Conservation 14:2 292\u0026ndash;324. DOI: (2018). \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.46309/biodicon.2021.954162\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.46309/biodicon.2021.954162\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2021).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBayramoğlu, M. et al. Antioxidant properties of \u003cem\u003eRosa pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e and its protective effect against isoproterenol-induced oxidative stress in rats. \u003cem\u003eT\u0026uuml;rkBiyokimya Dergisi\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cb\u003e41\u003c/b\u003e (4), 232\u0026ndash;242. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1515/tjb-2016-0034\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1515/tjb-2016-0034\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2016).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWarholm, O., Skaar, S., Hedman, E., Molmen, H. M. \u0026amp; Eik, L. The effects of a standardized herbal remedy made from a Subtype of \u003cem\u003eRosa canina\u003c/em\u003e in patients with osteoarthritis: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. \u003cem\u003eCurr. Theraph Res.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e64\u003c/b\u003e (1), 21\u0026ndash;31. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1016/S0011-393X(03)00004-3\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1016/S0011-393X(03)00004-3\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2003).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eUnited Nations. https://population.un.org/wpp/ Access on 22 July (2024).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHuang, C., Ou, Z., Kong, L., Huang, Y., Yang, W., He, J., \u0026hellip; Yi, J. (2024). Betulinic acid attenuates T-2 toxin-induced lung injury by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibiting MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Toxicon, 241, 107652.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eEkin, S. et al. Phenolic Contents, Enzyme Inhibitory Activities, and Protective Effect of Aqueous Extract of Rosa Pisiformis Fruits. \u003cem\u003ePharm. Chem. J.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e57\u003c/b\u003e, 1799\u0026ndash;1806. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11094-024-03081-6\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1007/s11094-024-03081-6\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2024).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNegrean, O. R., Farcas, A. C., Nemes, S. A., Cic, D. E. \u0026amp; Socaci, S. A. Recent advances and insights into the bioactive properties and applications of Rosa canina L. and its by-products. Heliyon. (2024).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eZhang, S. et al. Fatty acid metabolism of immune cells: a new target of tumour immunotherapy. \u003cem\u003eCell. Death Discov\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cb\u003e10\u003c/b\u003e, 39. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41420-024-01807-9\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1038/s41420-024-01807-9\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2024).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFayaz, F., Singh, K., Gairola, S., Ahmed, Z. \u0026amp; Shah, B. A. A comprehensive review on phytochemistry and pharmacology of \u003cem\u003eRosa\u003c/em\u003e species (Rosaceae). \u003cem\u003eCurr. Top. Med. Chem.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e24\u003c/b\u003e (4), 364\u0026ndash;378 (2024).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHussain, A. et al. Phenolic metabolites, vitamins, minerals and antioxidant profiling of medicinal teas of Ladakh. \u003cem\u003eInt. J. Adv. Biochem. Res.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e8\u003c/b\u003e (2), 06\u0026ndash;15. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003edoi.org/10.33545/26174693.2024.v8.i2a.500\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.33545/26174693.2024.v8.i2a.500\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2024).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePirtskhalava, M. et al. Georgian Medicinal Plants as Rich Nsources of Antioxidant Derivatives: A Review on the Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. \u003cem\u003eCurr. Med. Chem.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e31\u003c/b\u003e (28), 4407\u0026ndash;4424. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003edoi.org/10.2174/0109298673262575231127034952\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.2174/0109298673262575231127034952\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (2024).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Box-Benchen, GC-MS, HPLC, Rosa pisiformis, secondary metabolites","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4946927/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4946927/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eDespite its important pharmacological bioactivities, betulinic acid is still primarily obtained through extraction from heartwood and bark or synthesized synthetically, with less than 3% efficiency. Our endemic rose species, \u003cem\u003eRosa pisiformis\u003c/em\u003e (Christ.) D. Sosn., which is a new alternative source of betulinic acid and traditionally valued for its medicinal properties, was collected from its natural distribution in G\u0026uuml;m\u0026uuml;şhane province. The plant\u0026rsquo;s organs, such as root, stem, leaf and fruit were air-dried and pulverized. The compounds were separately extracted using three different solvents (ethanol, dichloromethane and hexane) with an optimized Box-Behnken method. The amounts of quercetin, rutin, catechin, betulinic, ursolic and oleanolic acids in roots, stems, leaves, and fruits were determined using HPLC-DAD techniques with standard substances. Optimisation data revealed a 65% solvent ratio and five-times maceration with 75 ml of solvents. The highest amounts of catechin were found in the leaves (DCM) as 15.61 \u0026micro;g/ml. Stems were rich in rutin (28.96 \u0026micro;g/ml) and quercetin (39.90 \u0026micro;g/ml). Betulinic acid content was determined for the first time in stems (hexane, 11.84 \u0026micro;g/ml) and roots (9.32 \u0026micro;g/ml). Their cytotoxic activities against prostate and lung carcinoma cells were evaluated using ABTS-assay, revealing that stems exhibited the highest activity, followed by leaves and roots.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Optimization of Betulinic and Ursolic Acids and Phenolics Extraction from Endemic Rosa pisiformis Using Box-Behnken Design in Relation to Cytotoxic Activities","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-10-01 10:06:17","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4946927/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2024-09-16T06:58:17+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-09-14T09:44:07+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-09-06T01:22:32+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"331783115738567652757408528320143842401","date":"2024-09-02T23:34:48+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"150444813834428180765225204564820358116","date":"2024-09-02T23:09:21+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2024-09-02T17:26:17+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2024-09-02T17:23:57+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2024-09-02T17:11:59+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2024-09-02T08:40:34+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Scientific Reports","date":"2024-08-20T18:10:38+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"b496308c-92d8-451c-a3ab-0146a8764762","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 1st, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[{"id":37670899,"name":"Biological sciences/Chemical biology"},{"id":37670900,"name":"Biological sciences/Drug discovery"},{"id":37670901,"name":"Biological sciences/Plant sciences"},{"id":37670902,"name":"Health sciences/Health care"},{"id":37670903,"name":"Health sciences/Oncology"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-01-13T16:04:12+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-4946927","link":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80174-y","journal":{"identity":"scientific-reports","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Scientific Reports"},"publishedOn":"2025-01-07 15:57:55","publishedOnDateReadable":"January 7th, 2025"},"versionCreatedAt":"2024-10-01 10:06:17","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1038/s41598-024-80174-y","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80174-y","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4946927","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4946927","identity":"rs-4946927","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}