Development of a health education knowledge graph for sarcopenia prevention and management among community-dwelling older adults: from knowledge modeling to WeChat mini program application

Development of a health education knowledge graph for sarcopenia prevention and management among community-dwelling older adults: from knowledge modeling to WeChat mini program application | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Development of a health education knowledge graph for sarcopenia prevention and management among community-dwelling older adults: from knowledge modeling to WeChat mini program application Huiping Xu, Zixin Guo, Yinyu Zhang, Qiaoyu Yang, Jie Li, Qian Zhang, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8260170/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 8 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background and Objective: Sarcopenia poses a significant threat to the physical function and quality of life of community-dwelling older adults, leading to substantial long-term burden on individuals and health systems. However, effective health education tools tailored to this population remain limited. This study aimed to develop a health education knowledge graph (HEKG) for sarcopenia prevention and management in community-dwelling older adults, and to evaluate its application effect. Methods: From October 2023 to November 2025, a HEKG for sarcopenia prevention and management was developed through five phases: HEKG construction, HEKG visualization, knowledge base vectorization, Q&A system with WeChat mini program and effect evaluation. Entities and relationships were extracted from literature, books and websites, a two-round expert consultation was conducted to validate content relevance and reach consensus, assessed using content validity ratios and Kendall’s W. The system was delivered via a WeChat mini program, a pre-post design was employed to assess changes in older adults’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, and usability was evaluated with the System Usability Scale after system use. Results: The content validity ratios (Cr) for the two rounds expert consultation were .913 and .914, respectively. Kendall's concordance coefficient tests were both statistically significant (p < .01). The HEKG contained 1,568 entities and 1,599 relationships, covering sarcopenia definition, diagnosis criteria, risk factors, screening tools, and prevention measures. The WeChat mini program achieved an intent recognition accuracy of .91, first-character response time of less than 2 seconds, and an average response speed of 50 characters per second. Knowledge, attitude, and behavior scores among older adults all improved significantly after using this HEKG system (p <.001). The overall System Usability Scale score was 80.352±5.788; according to the standard classification, the scores fell within Grade A, interpreted as “recommendable.” Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the HEKG, from knowledge modeling to personalized application, provides a scalable, evidence-based tool for sarcopenia health education among community -dwelling older adults, addressing the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical care. sarcopenia health education community-dwelling older adults knowledge graph mobile application Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviews received at journal 05 Feb, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 29 Jan, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 21 Jan, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 21 Jan, 2026 Editor invited by journal 24 Dec, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 09 Dec, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 09 Dec, 2025 First submitted to journal 09 Dec, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8260170","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":578760206,"identity":"fd6dcd0c-f9bc-4bf8-a95b-2b3e4dd0b1ae","order_by":0,"name":"Huiping Xu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Huiping","middleName":"","lastName":"Xu","suffix":""},{"id":578760207,"identity":"c7ff2662-75ff-4a7d-849d-b51293f6cbd2","order_by":1,"name":"Zixin Guo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"The School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zixin","middleName":"","lastName":"Guo","suffix":""},{"id":578760208,"identity":"62496a90-51f3-4107-8a42-ff4b97a5c999","order_by":2,"name":"Yinyu Zhang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"The School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yinyu","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""},{"id":578760209,"identity":"d5a9aa55-ac1c-47bc-b89e-748cf700bef9","order_by":3,"name":"Qiaoyu Yang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"The School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Qiaoyu","middleName":"","lastName":"Yang","suffix":""},{"id":578760214,"identity":"836e9783-d8e8-4587-972b-c61fad10a433","order_by":4,"name":"Jie Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Zhengzhou Zoneyet Technology Co.","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jie","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""},{"id":578760217,"identity":"d595f063-18e8-4aff-ad75-375990d3c432","order_by":5,"name":"Qian Zhang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Zhengzhou Zoneyet Technology Co.","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Qian","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""},{"id":578760219,"identity":"3707255f-4980-4b3f-93a0-ba49cf6f680b","order_by":6,"name":"Sunan Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Zhengzhou Zoneyet Technology Co.","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sunan","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""},{"id":578760221,"identity":"15ee51eb-590c-40ff-b5b0-890892282371","order_by":7,"name":"Yanjin Liu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yanjin","middleName":"","lastName":"Liu","suffix":""},{"id":578760222,"identity":"da22a258-7fc4-497d-8d89-88436ef3e61d","order_by":8,"name":"Vivian W.Q. 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However,\u0026nbsp;effective health education tools tailored to this population remain limited. This study aimed to develop a health education knowledge graph\u0026nbsp;(HEKG)\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;sarcopenia\u0026nbsp;prevention and management\u0026nbsp;in community-dwelling older adults, and to evaluate its application effect.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMethods:\u0026nbsp;From October 2023 to November\u0026nbsp;2025,\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;HEKG\u0026nbsp;for sarcopenia\u0026nbsp;prevention and management was developed through\u0026nbsp;five phases: HEKG construction, HEKG visualization, knowledge base vectorization, Q\u0026amp;A system with WeChat\u0026nbsp;mini program and effect evaluation. Entities and relationships were extracted from literature, books and websites, a two-round expert consultation was conducted to validate content relevance and reach consensus, assessed using content validity ratios and Kendall’s W. The system was delivered via a WeChat mini program, a pre-post design was employed to assess changes in older adults’\u0026nbsp;knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, and usability was evaluated with the System Usability Scale after system use.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eResults:\u0026nbsp;The content validity ratios (Cr) for the two rounds\u0026nbsp;expert consultation\u0026nbsp;were .913 and\u0026nbsp;.914, respectively. Kendall's concordance coefficient\u0026nbsp;tests\u0026nbsp;were both statistically significant (p \u0026lt;\u0026nbsp;.01). The HEKG contained 1,568 entities and 1,599 relationships, covering sarcopenia definition, diagnosis criteria, risk factors, screening tools, and prevention measures. The WeChat mini program achieved an intent recognition accuracy of .91, first-character response time of less than 2 seconds, and an average response speed of 50 characters per second. Knowledge, attitude, and behavior scores among older adults all improved significantly after using this HEKG system (p \u0026lt;.001). The overall System Usability Scale score was 80.352±5.788; according to the standard classification, the scores fell within Grade A, interpreted as “recommendable.”\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConclusion:\u0026nbsp;This study demonstrates that the HEKG, from knowledge modeling to personalized application, provides a scalable, evidence-based tool for sarcopenia health education among\u0026nbsp;community -dwelling older adults, addressing the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical care.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Development of a health education knowledge graph for sarcopenia prevention and management among community-dwelling older adults: from knowledge modeling to WeChat mini program application","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-01-23 20:15:48","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8260170/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-02-05T20:11:18+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"317929400715419417218240586899515482354","date":"2026-01-29T11:59:32+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"74349468763671212068180080168913208578","date":"2026-01-21T23:39:45+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2026-01-21T09:54:16+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2025-12-24T17:14:48+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-12-09T08:38:48+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-12-09T07:44:44+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Geriatrics","date":"2025-12-09T07:37:36+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-geriatrics","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"bgtc","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Geriatrics](http://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/bgtc/default.aspx","title":"BMC Geriatrics","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"00884428-ec8b-4434-a13d-c51caf0559b5","owner":[],"postedDate":"January 23rd, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-01-23T20:15:48+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-01-23 20:15:48","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8260170","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8260170","identity":"rs-8260170","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}