Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Manganese-Doped Tin Disulfide for High- Performance Supercapacitor Applications

Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Manganese-Doped Tin Disulfide for High- Performance Supercapacitor Applications | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Manganese-Doped Tin Disulfide for High- Performance Supercapacitor Applications cibil R, S. Pravin Bavithra This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7165845/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Manganese (Mn)-doped tin disulfide (SnS₂) nanoparticles with varying Mn concentrations (2, 4, 6, and 8%) were synthesized using a facile solvothermal method and characterized for their potential application in supercapacitors. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) verified the successful integration of Mn into the SnS₂ structure, without the emergence of distinct phases. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the 6% Mn-doped sample (MN6) exhibited a well-defined rod- like morphology with interconnected nanosheets, providing a large surface area. Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis showed that MN6 had a specific surface area of 46.742 m² g⁻¹ and a pore volume of 0.054 cc g⁻¹. Electrochemical measurements in a three-electrode configuration demonstrated that MN6 exhibited the best performance, with a specific capacitance of 822.85 F/g at 2 A/g, which is superior to other doping concentrations. In a two-electrode asymmetric supercapacitor device, MN6 achieved a specific capacitance of 774.13 F/g at 2 A/g, an energy density of 387.06 Wh kg⁻¹, and a power density of 1.2 kW kg⁻¹. The device also exhibited remarkable cyclic stability, maintaining 93.5% of its initial capacitance after 2000 cycles. These results highlight the potential of Mn-doped SnS₂, particularly MN6, as an electrode material for high- performance supercapacitors. SnS₂ nanoparticles Supercapacitor Solvothermal synthesis Mn doped Asymmetric device Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7165845","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":490668553,"identity":"0f4939c7-1fc9-4ccd-b8d3-5363812005e7","order_by":0,"name":"cibil R","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAsklEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACZh6GAw8YGORAbBCDSC0JDAzGYC0JxFnDw8AAVJnYAGITpYW/nfcg0PB76fPDDj8EMuzkdBsIaJE4zJcAVFmcu/F2mgGQkWxsdoCAFgNmHpDKhNyNsxNAjAOJ24jVkm44O/0DaVoS5KVziLQF4heDBMMN0jkFQAYRfuHvP3v4w4eKBHn52embgQw7OYJaoM4DogNQBvFAvoEU1aNgFIyCUTCiAABSt0NZpMBHhAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Pope's College (Autonomous), Manonmaniam Sundaranar University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"cibil","middleName":"","lastName":"R","suffix":""},{"id":490668554,"identity":"183804a4-4e80-4e69-8e02-afb971c8f6e1","order_by":1,"name":"S. Pravin Bavithra","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Pope's College (Autonomous), Manonmaniam Sundaranar University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"S.","middleName":"Pravin","lastName":"Bavithra","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-07-19 17:08:17","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7165845/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7165845/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":91831599,"identity":"0a61c1b6-a12c-480e-a2fd-2c31fd935482","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-09-22 09:09:29","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1129649,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"TFM.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7165845/v1_covered_3b46509f-5f7b-456f-bd6e-04706413d13d.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Manganese-Doped Tin Disulfide for High- Performance Supercapacitor Applications","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"SnS₂ nanoparticles, Supercapacitor, Solvothermal synthesis, Mn doped, Asymmetric device","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7165845/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7165845/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eManganese (Mn)-doped tin disulfide (SnS₂) nanoparticles with varying Mn concentrations (2, 4, 6, and 8%) were synthesized using a facile solvothermal method and characterized for their potential application in supercapacitors. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) verified the successful integration of Mn into the SnS₂ structure, without the emergence of distinct phases. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the 6% Mn-doped sample (MN6) exhibited a well-defined rod- like morphology with interconnected nanosheets, providing a large surface area. Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis showed that MN6 had a specific surface area of 46.742 m\u0026sup2; g⁻\u0026sup1; and a pore volume of 0.054 cc g⁻\u0026sup1;. Electrochemical measurements in a three-electrode configuration demonstrated that MN6 exhibited the best performance, with a specific capacitance of 822.85 F/g at 2 A/g, which is superior to other doping concentrations. In a two-electrode asymmetric supercapacitor device, MN6 achieved a specific capacitance of 774.13 F/g at 2 A/g, an energy density of 387.06 Wh kg⁻\u0026sup1;, and a power density of 1.2 kW kg⁻\u0026sup1;. The device also exhibited remarkable cyclic stability, maintaining 93.5% of its initial capacitance after 2000 cycles. These results highlight the potential of Mn-doped SnS₂, particularly MN6, as an electrode material for high- performance supercapacitors.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Manganese-Doped Tin Disulfide for High- Performance Supercapacitor Applications","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-07-28 03:49:51","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7165845/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"ad731d12-cc9d-429a-9a51-cd379e90fa03","owner":[],"postedDate":"July 28th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-09-22T09:08:42+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-07-28 03:49:51","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7165845","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7165845","identity":"rs-7165845","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}