A 2700-yr record of Cascadia megathrust and crustal/slab earthquakes from Upper and Lower Acorn Woman Lakes, Oregon

A 2700-yr record of Cascadia megathrust and crustal/slab earthquakes from Upper and Lower Acorn Woman Lakes, Oregon | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article A 2700-yr record of Cascadia megathrust and crustal/slab earthquakes from Upper and Lower Acorn Woman Lakes, Oregon Ann E. Morey, Chris Goldfinger This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2277419/v3 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 10 Dec, 2024 Read the published version in Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences → Version 3 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Abstract We infer a ~2,700-year history of Cascadia megathrust and other earthquakes from two small mountain lakes located 100 km inland of the coast near the California/Oregon border. We use the characteristics of a disturbance deposit in the historic portion of the sediment cores attributed to the 1700 CE Cascadia earthquake to identify Cascadia earthquake deposits downcore. This deposit shows evidence of a small bypass turbidite, followed by a deposit composed of light-coloured silt (indicating it is enriched in calcium-rich Slickear Creek watershed-sourced sediment), without visible mica grains (which would indicate a lake bedrock source), organic grading of the deposit tail, and a basal contact with evidence of rapid loading or the influence of sediment-water interaction during seismic shaking. Seven deposits downcore have the characteristics of this deposit. An age-depth model suggests that six of these are temporal correlatives to the largest margin-wide marine turbidite event deposits from Goldfinger et al., 2012, (events T1 through T6), whereas the two deposits with some of the characteristics are potential correlatives of smaller turbidites T5a and T5b. Other thinner deposits are temporal correlatives of T2a and T3a and other smaller deposits of uncertain origin. Lake core physical property data can be correlated to those from offshore cores containing seismogenic turbidites attributed to Cascadia earthquakes. These results suggest that small Cascadia landslide-dammed lakes with sufficient sedimentation rates (~1-2 cm/decade) and mixed clastic and organic content may be good recorders of subduction earthquakes which can be differentiated from other types of deposits. Seismology Cascadia subduction zone lacustrine paleoseismology subduction earthquakes Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Supplementary Files supplementaryinformation.pdf Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 10 Dec, 2024 Read the published version in Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences → Version 3 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-2277419","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":219285125,"identity":"9e33c28f-10ea-461e-b4ba-1bbbad276bf7","order_by":0,"name":"Ann E. Morey","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA8ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYHACxgcQOrEBSFgQpYXZAEmLBFFa2KDKEhiI08I/u/dYxY+aOnn+9uTGzwU1EnL8DMzHPn7Bo0Xizrm0mz3HDhvOOPOwWXrGMQljyQa25Nky+Ky5kWN2m4HtQALDjcQGaR42icQNB3iMmfG5Tx6opZjhX12C/I3E5t88/yTqCWoxAGphZmxjTjC4kdgmzdsmkWAA1ML4AY8Wwxs5xpK9fYcNN5552GY9s0/CcGYzWzIzPq/I3cgx/PDjW5283PH0x7cLvtnI87M3H2b8gU8PMmCGkcw8pGkBAuJtGQWjYBSMgpEAAGt1StpufL/vAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8702-2581","institution":"Cascadia Paleo Investigations","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ann","middleName":"E.","lastName":"Morey","suffix":""},{"id":219285126,"identity":"fd0fd6e0-362d-49b8-854a-57f285b17897","order_by":1,"name":"Chris Goldfinger","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4603-6178","institution":"Oregon State University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Chris","middleName":"","lastName":"Goldfinger","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2022-11-15 17:56:03","currentVersionCode":3,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2277419/v3","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2277419/v3","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4563-2024","type":"published","date":"2024-12-11T00:00:00+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":53565053,"identity":"f7b859ac-6eeb-415f-87b7-f312519c1599","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-27 14:15:55","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":12779231,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eLocation map\u003c/em\u003e. The yellow stars identify the location the lakes presented in this study (California: BRL = Black Rock Lake, TL = Taylor Lake, CaL = Campbell Lake, ML = Muslatt Lake, SL = Sanger Lake; Oregon: Bolan Lake, HL = Hobart Lake, BdL = Bradley Lake, TrL = Triangle Lake). Other sites mentioned in the text are at Sixes River, just south of BdL, and Coos Bay, just north of BdL. Volcanoes are identified by orange circles. The base map (adapted from Goldfinger et al., 2012) identifies the location of channel systems and sediment cores used to reconstruct the offshore record of Cascadia earthquakes.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2277419/v3/688ae81d591cbea39c8d4dd5.png"},{"id":53564385,"identity":"b0fcca03-77d6-4ae5-97ce-08aefc2e197c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-27 14:07:56","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1081728,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eLake Setting.\u003c/em\u003e Upper and Lower Lakes are shown with core locations. Left: The lakes are connected hydrologically by a small stream (Acorn Woman Creek) that crosses a portion of the landslide that created Upper Acorn Woman Lake. Right: The core locations for each of the sediment cores from Lower Acorn Woman Lake are identified by triangles (2015 cores) or X’s (2013 and 2014; red). The Upper Acorn Woman Lake core was taken from 14.1 m water depth, at the lake’s depocenter.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig2new.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2277419/v3/9c432d8b45a3b770ad98ff05.png"},{"id":53564379,"identity":"6694314c-1355-4ea2-824d-041854a8a31d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-27 14:07:55","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":8393767,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e(previous two pages). \u003cem\u003eCharacteristics of earthquake-triggered deposits, as described in Morey et al., 2024 (this volume)\u003c/em\u003e. A. Type 1 earthquake deposit, attributed to the 1700 CE Cascadia earthquake, has load structures below the deposit base, followed by a fine-grained, well-sorted silt layer sourced from the Slickear Creek watershed (indicated by the presence of calcium minerals), followed by a long, organic-rich tail. B. Type 2 earthquake deposit is a turbidite composed of lake-margin-sourced schist (represented by the lower schist deposit in this sequence; deposit I). This deposit was attributed to the 1873 CE earthquake deposit.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig3ab.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2277419/v3/88761b5dcbd56923b7845b52.png"},{"id":53564381,"identity":"dc5e3629-af76-4751-9746-2d517d88ef20","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-27 14:07:55","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":4694451,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCorrelation diagram for all cores in Lower Acorn Woman Lake and relationship to the Upper Acorn Woman Lake core\u003c/em\u003e. Cores are hung on the lake-wide disturbance deposit J, suggested in the companion manuscript (Morey et al., 2024, this volume) to be the result of the 1700 CE Cascadia earthquake. The thick line connects deposits that are the result of a disturbance from around ~1500 BP.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2277419/v3/552e6248310256afe3d39791.png"},{"id":53564384,"identity":"66a34f4b-0402-4283-b49e-a9ecf8ac5116","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-27 14:07:56","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":6101857,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eChanges in expression of earthquake deposits downcore in SQB2. Archival depths are in cm below the core top. Deposits identified by red letters are disturbance deposits that are evaluated in this manuscript. Those identified by numbered boxes are illustrate the complexity and variability in the expression of these disturbance deposits downcore.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2277419/v3/e447306a846a515c55987a08.png"},{"id":53564382,"identity":"c5f327bc-517b-4f40-ba33-adb889d972f4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-27 14:07:55","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":8469810,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e(previous page). \u003cem\u003eIdentification of disturbance deposits and correlation between upper and lower lake records\u003c/em\u003e.\u003cem\u003e \u003c/em\u003eA.\u003cem\u003e \u003c/em\u003eRed numbers represent the interevent thicknesses used in the event-free age-depth model. The red capital letters A-Z indicate the disturbances identified in this study. Gray traces to the right identify correlative sequences where age data have been used to supplement those radiocarbon determinations in core SQB1/2/ss. B. The relationship to the 2009 Upper Acorn Woman Lake core is shown by correlation lines (dashed). C. The relationship between the CT density data from core SQB1/2/ss (black trace) is shown compared to the CT density data from the upper lake core (green trace; 9 point Gaussian smoothing is shown over original data in blue). The relationships to the seven thickest deposits in the upper lake record compared to the lower lake record identified in Colombaroli et al., 2018 are identified by the dashed lines connecting numbers to events in the sequence. Note that the depth scale for the USL core (CT units shown in blue) are true, but the depth of the lower lake core (CT units shown in black) is not shown because depths have been distorted to match events. This is called flattening. Breaks in the lower lake CT data were made in the middle of each thick deposit because the thicknesses of the upper lake deposits are much greater than the thicknesses of the lower lake deposits. Note that ages with +/- are radiocarbon determinations, and those with ranges in parentheses are calendar ages. See the Explanation for details. Figure 6d (previous page). \u003cem\u003eUSL 2009 (left) was flattened to core SQB1/2/ss (right) to demonstrate the similarities between the core data\u003c/em\u003e. Flattening is a method whereby all the core data are transformed to match correlative horizons, in this case, correlative deposit bases. Correlated bases are identified by the red tie lines between cores. The correlation suggests that the radiocarbon ages identified in gray are older than the radiocarbon data would suggest for the lower lake core. Note that whole round magnetic susceptibility is in black and CT density is in blue (for core USL 2009) and CT density is in black for the core SQB1/2/ss. The gray trace to the far right is the USL 2009 smoothed CT density (9 point Gaussian window) to better compare the records (because the data in the upper lake core contains many more silt layers than the lower lake core).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig6abcd.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2277419/v3/7156116c6530050f6f7184ec.png"},{"id":53565059,"identity":"770ecc08-4837-49fb-9c77-607acd0b4b62","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-27 14:15:57","extension":"png","order_by":7,"title":"Figure 7","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1910045,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eDowncore age-depth model for Lower Acorn Woman Lake composite core SQBss/1/2\u003c/em\u003e. Sample numbers (refer back to Table 2) are positioned adjacent to their distributions. The envelope reflects the uncertainty (95% confidence) of the age-depth curve. Calendar ages in black are modelled ages and those in green are modelled ages by radiocarbon samples in close proximity to a disturbance deposit.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig7.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2277419/v3/5844dba1643ab944ba023fee.png"},{"id":53564387,"identity":"ac54ee7d-2bfa-45f5-a015-16c6863edffa","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-27 14:07:56","extension":"png","order_by":8,"title":"Figure 8","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1766367,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eComparison of the Lower Acorn Woman Lake earthquake chronology to the compilation of southern Cascadia paleoseismic records by Milker et al., 2016\u003c/em\u003e. At the far left are the marine age ranges of corrected turbidite, margin-wide averages (corrected for reservoir age) from Goldfinger 2012. At the far right are the disturbance deposits distributions for deposits K, N, O, R, S, W and X which are most similar to deposit J. Those distributions in green are deposits that have been directly dated. The other distributions in lighter gray are the remaining disturbances in the sequence that have other characteristics (schist-derived turbidites and thinner, less distinct, layers).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig8.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2277419/v3/7652483d5ba14387ec38fbbc.png"},{"id":53564383,"identity":"cafbdf7f-c610-433b-b975-31de148cbb94","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-27 14:07:56","extension":"png","order_by":9,"title":"Figure 9","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":5526907,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCorrelation diagram\u003c/em\u003e. This diagram shows bed relationships for correlative units between Lower Acorn Woman Lake, Rogue Apron and Hydrate Ridge Basin West paleoseismic sites.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig9.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2277419/v3/ec0408b16041cfdb8653156a.png"},{"id":53564380,"identity":"ec6c6097-c617-47b9-8bff-2b0b5fa44046","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-27 14:07:55","extension":"png","order_by":10,"title":"Figure 10","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":3314480,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e(previous page). \u003cem\u003eCorrelated disturbance deposits in lake sediments near the California/Oregon border\u003c/em\u003e (see Figure 1 map for the locations of the lakes). Disturbance event deposits are shown as increases in radiodensity, magnetic susceptibility and loss on ignition data). Physical property signatures and radiocarbon age data allow beds to be correlated regionally. T1-T3 identify inferred relationships with marine sediment core events from Goldfinger et al., 2012. Solid red lines identify the most confident ties between cores, and less-certain where dashed.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig10.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2277419/v3/b1d60b1aed9319d1141aced8.png"},{"id":71570569,"identity":"ce22dc4d-1a36-4c44-be5c-1691934c4fa5","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-16 19:02:46","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":16767678,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"12DowncoreMoreyNHESSFINAL3262024ResSQnofigs.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2277419/v3_covered_ab6f140d-c24c-4c53-ab29-01936900bbe2.pdf"},{"id":53564376,"identity":"1ac0eb06-eac1-43ec-a1c2-1f272a089894","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-27 14:07:55","extension":"pdf","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":944788,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"supplementaryinformation.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2277419/v3/f68d24660ea2a2facea39ac6.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eA 2700-yr record of Cascadia megathrust and crustal/slab earthquakes from Upper and Lower Acorn Woman Lakes, Oregon\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[{"identity":"c6d98afb-0318-4202-b0dd-532dbee4f051","identifier":"10.13039/100000203","name":"U.S. Geological Survey","awardNumber":"G17AP00028","order_by":0},{"identity":"0b8733fd-30df-44f7-990b-8e853fa8d39d","identifier":"10.13039/100005720","name":"Geological Society of America","awardNumber":"student grant","order_by":1}],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"United States Geological Survey","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":true,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Cascadia subduction zone, lacustrine paleoseismology, subduction earthquakes","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2277419/v3","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2277419/v3","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eWe infer a ~2,700-year history of Cascadia megathrust and other earthquakes from two small mountain lakes located 100 km inland of the coast near the California/Oregon border. We use the characteristics of a disturbance deposit in the historic portion of the sediment cores attributed to the 1700 CE Cascadia earthquake to identify Cascadia earthquake deposits downcore. This deposit shows evidence of a small bypass turbidite, followed by a deposit composed of light-coloured silt (indicating it is enriched in calcium-rich Slickear Creek watershed-sourced sediment), without visible mica grains (which would indicate a lake bedrock source), organic grading of the deposit tail, and a basal contact with evidence of rapid loading or the influence of sediment-water interaction during seismic shaking.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeven deposits downcore have the characteristics of this deposit. An age-depth model suggests that six of these are temporal correlatives to the largest margin-wide marine turbidite event deposits from Goldfinger et al., 2012, (events T1 through T6), whereas the two deposits with some of the characteristics are potential correlatives of smaller turbidites T5a and T5b. Other thinner deposits are temporal correlatives of T2a and T3a and other smaller deposits of uncertain origin. Lake core physical property data can be correlated to those from offshore cores containing seismogenic turbidites attributed to Cascadia earthquakes. These results suggest that small Cascadia landslide-dammed lakes with sufficient sedimentation rates (~1-2 cm/decade) and mixed clastic and organic content may be good recorders of subduction earthquakes which can be differentiated from other types of deposits.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"A 2700-yr record of Cascadia megathrust and crustal/slab earthquakes from Upper and Lower Acorn Woman Lakes, Oregon","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":3,"date":"2024-03-27 14:07:50","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2277419/v3","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}},{"code":2,"date":"2023-07-17 15:35:31","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2277419/v2","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}},{"code":1,"date":"2022-11-16 17:47:44","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2277419/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"b937976e-c986-40f3-b461-3b9a36c7d069","owner":[],"postedDate":"March 27th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[{"id":29926770,"name":"Seismology"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-12-16T19:01:37+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-2277419","link":"https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4563-2024","journal":{"identity":"natural-hazards-and-earth-system-sciences","isVorOnly":true,"title":"Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences"},"publishedOn":"2024-12-11 00:00:00","publishedOnDateReadable":"December 11th, 2024"},"versionCreatedAt":"2024-03-27 14:07:50","video":"","vorDoi":"10.5194/nhess-24-4563-2024","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4563-2024","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v3","identity":"rs-2277419","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-2277419","identity":"rs-2277419","version":["v3"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}