Comprehensive geological analysis and evaluation of the feasibility of renovating the Wanshunchang gas reservoir into a gas storage facility 

Comprehensive geological analysis and evaluation of the feasibility of renovating the Wanshunchang gas reservoir into a gas storage facility | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Comprehensive geological analysis and evaluation of the feasibility of renovating the Wanshunchang gas reservoir into a gas storage facility Zebin Tong, Zhonggui Hu, Longwei Qiu, Na Zhang, Huayin Zhu, Daoyong Zhou, and 4 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5179959/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 02 Jan, 2025 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted 8 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract As many oil and gas reservoirs approach depletion stages in the future, alongside growing energy storage demands, constructing gas storage facilities becomes critical for ensuring a stable natural gas supply. Consequently, a comprehensive geological analysis is essential to evaluate the feasibility of converting depleted gas reservoirs into gas storage facilities. The W gas reservoir in the Sichuan Basin, China, is nearing depletion and presents potential for conversion into a gas storage facility. This study provides a comprehensive geological evaluation to determine its feasibility for such conversion. Exploration and production data indicate that the W gas reservoir is a pore-fracture type carbonate reservoir. Vertically, the sub-layer beneath C 2 hl 2 demonstrates the best physical properties. Horizontally, the area enclosed by wells C30, C10, and C18 exhibits favorable reservoir characteristics. The reservoir's caprock comprises a superimposed composite system, including the direct caprock of the Liangshan Formation and an overlying ultra-thick dense rock layer, which is extensive and exhibits high breakthrough pressure. Nine major faults control the structural trap's shape and scale. These faults, in a compressive state, are well-sealed due to fault gouge, enhancing their closure. The reservoir space is primarily pore-fracture type, and rapid injection and withdrawal induce minimal pressure changes, indicating low stress sensitivity. The comprehensive evaluation concludes that the Carboniferous gas reservoir possesses favorable geological conditions, making it suitable for conversion into a gas storage facility. This study offers a preliminary geological evaluation of the feasibility of converting fault-controlled fracture-type carbonate reservoirs into gas storage facilities and outlines directions for future research. The Wanshunchang structure Carboniferous gas reservoirs Gas storage Closure property Comprehensive geological analysis Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 02 Jan, 2025 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 16 Dec, 2024 Reviews received at journal 16 Dec, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 04 Dec, 2024 Reviews received at journal 02 Dec, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 29 Nov, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 29 Nov, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 28 Nov, 2024 First submitted to journal 24 Nov, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5179959","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":385005597,"identity":"0dd31157-36aa-4de1-bcca-5922e8c1008b","order_by":0,"name":"Zebin Tong","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zebin","middleName":"","lastName":"Tong","suffix":""},{"id":385005598,"identity":"1376cee5-a717-43dd-9e04-16cca89aa181","order_by":1,"name":"Zhonggui Hu","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABEElEQVRIie2RsUrEQBBA5zhImkHbbTR+wkognhD8lg3CXpMTQRCLKxYEK8HWAz8iNtazLCRNJJYpLA4EG1Ps9YeaOzshuSsF98HO7C7zmIEBcDj+ILw9tPiM939/9ioDfe/JcP2iLZWhQc8kamvlaLd4MYhynBXP5sMu40T5108Mpq+dyrEqz/UDiydZeSZHhDJRmF8yyN+7B9O3ghouJxmlESfWTsjSiA2U6VYMCkJhxrxqWoV/JSpoNii5TxrJCF6n4ZwEtV1wg1Ii6JmSh7O6iaCk0/AG5cVI5D1KVbzZhYqDnSoN7dXyZO/ON4+1nXYrAPizhQMCj60u3iqIHgHAn69ToGBoewsdDofj3/INfbtjy786HIsAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"School of Geosciences, Yangtze University, Wuhan, Hubei 430100, China","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhonggui","middleName":"","lastName":"Hu","suffix":""},{"id":385005599,"identity":"e1a21cef-51e2-4147-befb-b8649806e8dc","order_by":2,"name":"Longwei Qiu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, 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Chongqing 402160, China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Daoyong","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhou","suffix":""},{"id":385005608,"identity":"06775c37-524e-47fc-9998-a9c02e1b3aa3","order_by":6,"name":"Gang Zhou","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"CNPC Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company, Chengdu 610041, China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gang","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhou","suffix":""},{"id":385005610,"identity":"b3561511-8adb-44ad-845d-c6a4efcb4be2","order_by":7,"name":"Xiao Chen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"CNPC Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company, Chengdu 610041, China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xiao","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":385005611,"identity":"acbebf16-4477-44a4-893d-715bafc728b6","order_by":8,"name":"Yanlin 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10:23:09","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5179959/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5179959/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84589-5","type":"published","date":"2025-01-02T15:57:23+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":70692353,"identity":"6cef93ef-81f2-4f3a-ad0b-6c8d7fc99975","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-05 16:50:19","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":197176,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eLocation map of the W gas reservoir.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5179959/v1/a6f220f774039fb181f4e886.png"},{"id":70693206,"identity":"947abaf2-bd14-4b74-a8f1-45df7b55b511","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-05 16:58:17","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":346791,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eStructural map of the Carboniferous top surface of the W gas reservoir.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5179959/v1/4f18845fd9022dd91a9aa7b7.png"},{"id":70693205,"identity":"937b46a8-3108-4b92-801b-1ad4f8d73e28","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-05 16:58:17","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":768630,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eColumnar section of Well C7 in the W block.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5179959/v1/42c6a08ddd339c797671e193.png"},{"id":70693212,"identity":"f6e88408-95ba-408e-900b-665d4a096f7b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-05 16:58:17","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":850839,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eReservoir and caprock characteristics of the W gas reservoir. Note: (a) fine crystalline secondary limestone (C16 Well, C2hl2 , 3447.26-3447.44m); (b) brownish gray dissolved pore-like algal doloarenite (C25 Well, C2hl2 , 3271.02-3271.12m); (c) brownish gray dissolved pore-like breccia dolomite (C16 Well, C2hl2 , 3429.07-3429.24m); (d) doloarenite, intergranular pores(C7 Well, C2hl2 ,3269.9m); (e) algal dolomite, intergranular dissolved pores(C7 Well, C2hl2 ,3272.9m); (f) doloarenite, intergranular dissolved pores and intragranular pores(C25 Well, C2hl2 ,3276m); (g) algal dolomite, intergranular dissolved pores and intercrystalline pores(C25 Well, C2hl2 ,3292.9m); (h) casting thin sections from the caprock of the adjacent Liangshan Formation, with compact lithology XC10 Well, Liangshan Formation); (i) SEM image of the caprock of the adjacent Liangshan Formation, with compact lithology(XC10 Well, Liangshan Formation)\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage6.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5179959/v1/585addf8fd68d59864c92dc8.png"},{"id":70693792,"identity":"d80f8202-8ddf-4ea2-a310-7442f2b44465","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-05 17:06:17","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":107062,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eHistogram of physical reservoir properties of the W gas reservoir.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage7.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5179959/v1/936e36580cfec1568489011b.png"},{"id":70693793,"identity":"86187125-23f5-421d-9383-05166fba3037","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-05 17:06:17","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":510959,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eComparison of Carboniferous well-tie reservoirs in the W gas reservoir.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage9.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5179959/v1/67c572bc64404bf920a8bec6.png"},{"id":70693216,"identity":"3c272563-0bc4-4732-8040-f793279caca4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-05 16:58:18","extension":"png","order_by":7,"title":"Figure 7","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":321107,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eHorizontal distribution map of the W gas reservoir.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage10.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5179959/v1/53c5fbe43a701573de1d7240.png"},{"id":70693210,"identity":"f91ddc5c-6134-45d9-b3ca-cd57a7f56f55","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-05 16:58:17","extension":"png","order_by":8,"title":"Figure 8","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":118170,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePorosity vs logging data for Well C7.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage12.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5179959/v1/8900208d3aba08c8b6603da8.png"},{"id":70692338,"identity":"4ba45068-3f59-41a2-bfd6-df62dc76c7b8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-05 16:50:18","extension":"png","order_by":9,"title":"Figure 9","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":767512,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSeismic section showing the structure and caprock distribution characteristics of the W gas reservoir.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage13.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5179959/v1/199cdfb17e808679ff4593c7.png"},{"id":70693209,"identity":"f853ee40-6c67-4e9b-ad3d-4ce976294ce3","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-05 16:58:17","extension":"png","order_by":10,"title":"Figure 10","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":286595,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePermeability-stress sensitivity curves of reservoir cores.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage15.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5179959/v1/5fe727eed32f6b5d59bfcea3.png"},{"id":73093271,"identity":"c70b9c73-d49d-4743-9291-649dde3362b9","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-01-06 16:12:31","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":4079512,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"2ComprehensivegeologicalanalysisandevaluationofthefeasibilityofrenovatingtheWanshunchanggasreservoirintoagasstoragefacilityModifiedSubmissionID9c745fef675a479aaa626c51bbec215f.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5179959/v1_covered_0c02bffd-21d1-4dbb-bc3c-dbe553d0a390.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Comprehensive geological analysis and evaluation of the feasibility of renovating the Wanshunchang gas reservoir into a gas storage facility ","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"The Wanshunchang structure, Carboniferous gas reservoirs, Gas storage, Closure property, Comprehensive geological analysis","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5179959/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5179959/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eAs many oil and gas reservoirs approach depletion stages in the future, alongside growing energy storage demands, constructing gas storage facilities becomes critical for ensuring a stable natural gas supply. Consequently, a comprehensive geological analysis is essential to evaluate the feasibility of converting depleted gas reservoirs into gas storage facilities. The W gas reservoir in the Sichuan Basin, China, is nearing depletion and presents potential for conversion into a gas storage facility. This study provides a comprehensive geological evaluation to determine its feasibility for such conversion. Exploration and production data indicate that the W gas reservoir is a pore-fracture type carbonate reservoir. Vertically, the sub-layer beneath C\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003ehl\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e demonstrates the best physical properties. Horizontally, the area enclosed by wells C30, C10, and C18 exhibits favorable reservoir characteristics. The reservoir's caprock comprises a superimposed composite system, including the direct caprock of the Liangshan Formation and an overlying ultra-thick dense rock layer, which is extensive and exhibits high breakthrough pressure. Nine major faults control the structural trap's shape and scale. These faults, in a compressive state, are well-sealed due to fault gouge, enhancing their closure. The reservoir space is primarily pore-fracture type, and rapid injection and withdrawal induce minimal pressure changes, indicating low stress sensitivity. The comprehensive evaluation concludes that the Carboniferous gas reservoir possesses favorable geological conditions, making it suitable for conversion into a gas storage facility. This study offers a preliminary geological evaluation of the feasibility of converting fault-controlled fracture-type carbonate reservoirs into gas storage facilities and outlines directions for future research.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Comprehensive geological analysis and evaluation of the feasibility of renovating the Wanshunchang gas reservoir into a gas storage facility ","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-12-05 16:50:12","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5179959/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2024-12-16T10:58:46+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-12-16T08:03:35+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"193148518337173111325166907495169535589","date":"2024-12-04T06:51:26+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-12-02T08:00:13+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"300783774022978270768833939674790213301","date":"2024-11-29T11:34:57+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2024-11-29T06:56:31+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2024-11-28T09:33:14+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Scientific Reports","date":"2024-11-25T03:52:45+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"35c20c3a-37d2-43f6-a4ab-30d19515f828","owner":[],"postedDate":"December 5th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-01-06T16:01:11+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-5179959","link":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84589-5","journal":{"identity":"scientific-reports","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Scientific Reports"},"publishedOn":"2025-01-02 15:57:23","publishedOnDateReadable":"January 2nd, 2025"},"versionCreatedAt":"2024-12-05 16:50:12","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1038/s41598-024-84589-5","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84589-5","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-5179959","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-5179959","identity":"rs-5179959","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}