Bladder Endometriosis: An Updated Narrative Review with Three Surgical Cases

Juan Carlos Ramírez, Daniela Torres Gómez, Karen Daniela Cepeda, Carlos Gustavo Trujillo
In: International Urogynecology Journal · 2026 · doi:10.1007/s00192-026-06689-2 · PMID:42298265 · W7164850612
article OA: closed CC0
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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-21 ⓘ

This updated narrative review examines bladder endometriosis, synthesizing evidence on epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management, and illustrates key diagnostic and surgical challenges with three representative surgical cases. The authors report that bladder endometriosis accounts for 70–85% of urinary tract endometriosis and that cyclic hematuria occurs in fewer than half of patients, with magnetic resonance imaging identified as the gold standard for lesion mapping and histopathology providing definitive diagnosis; they note that medical therapy can give temporary symptomatic relief but is limited by high recurrence rates. They conclude that partial cystectomy, preferably minimally invasive, is first-choice for detrusor-infiltrating lesions, and their cases demonstrate favorable outcomes with laparoscopic partial cystectomy using barbed suture closure. As a narrative review, the paper does not present a systematic meta-analytic methodology, and it relies on selected cases rather than a comparative dataset. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — specifically bladder endometriosis within the broader context of deep infiltrating endometriosis affecting the urinary tract.

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