Expression of VEGF VEGF-C and VEGFR-2 in in situ and invasive SCC of cervix

Robert Jach
In: Frontiers in Bioscience · 2010 · vol. E2(2) , pp. 411–423 · doi:10.2741/e101 · PMID:20036889 · W1964408201
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

VEGF, VEGF-C, and VEGFR-2 were not detected in normal cervical epithelium but were increasingly expressed in CIN and SCC, indicating their role in cervical cancer progression and a switch to lymphangiogenesis prior to invasion.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

This study measured expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF-C, and the receptor VEGFR-2 across cervical tissue stages, analyzing 35 samples each of normal epithelium, CIN1, CIN2 (including non-pregnant and pregnant women), and CIN3, and 30 samples of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, using RT-PCR/RQ-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. VEGF, VEGF-C, and VEGFR-2 were not detected in normal cervical epithelium, but they were present in CIN and SCC, with expression increasing alongside carcinoma staging. The authors interpret these findings as indicating a role for VEGF in cervical progression and suggest that a shift toward a lymphangiogenesis-associated phenotype occurs prior to invasive disease, likely at CIN2/3. The paper’s major limitation is that it is focused on cervical cancer biology rather than providing a direct clinical outcome analysis beyond stage-associated expression patterns. The paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

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Abstract

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arises from the metaplastic epithelium and develops slowly through dysplastic changes (i.e., cervical intraepithelial neoplasia--CIN) to carcinoma in situ and invasive cancer. There is little data concerning the quantitation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its correlation to the clinical or pathologic characteristics of SCC. This study assessed the expression of VEGF, VEGF-C and their receptor VEGFR-2 in 35 samples of normal cervical tissue, 35--CIN1, 35--CIN2 (25 non-pregnant, 15 pregnant women), 35--CIN3 and 30- SCC. VEGF, VEGF-C and VEGFR-2 were analyzed using RT-PCR, RQ-PCR, immunohistochemical staining and Western blot. VEGF, VEGF-C and VEGFR-2 were not detected in normal cervical epithelium. In CIN and SCC, both forms of VEGF and its receptor were identified, indicating a correlation between the increasing expression and staging of carcinoma. Results show the important role of VEGF in cervical progression and that the switch to the lymphangiogenesis phenotype occurs prior to the stage of invasion likely at CIN2/3.

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