Evaluation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of 2 Fluquinconazole using Allium cepa L. as a bioindicator

Abstract Fluquinconazole is the active substance of a synthetic fungicide which is used extensively in agricultural areas in the world and Turkey. In this study, 30, 60, 90 and 100 mg/l doses of the substance were applied to Allium cepa root tips for 12, 24 and 48 hours. Distilled water was used as a negative control while methyl methane sulfonate (MMS, 10 ppm) was used as a positive control. As a result of the application, it was observed that the substance caused mitotic inhibition by decreasing the mitotic index, leading to changes in mitotic stage ratios. It was also observed that this substance caused chromosomal (anaphase bridges, stickiness, c-mitosis, laggards, and breakages) and nuclear abnormalities (binucleus and micronucleus). At the end of the statistical analysis and examinations, it was detected that the substance caused cytotoxic and genotoxic effects.