Development of a MOF-based SPE method combined with GC-MS for simultaneous determination of alachlor, acetochlor and pretilachlor in field soil

Abstract In this work, a rapid, highly selective, reusable and effective method was developed for simultaneous determination of alachlor, acetochlor and pretilachlor in field soil by GC-MS coupled with MIL-101 based SPE. Main factors affecting the SPE by using MIL-101 were optimized. Moreover, by comparing with the other commercial materials such as C 18 , PSA and Florisil, the MIL-101(Cr) exhibited excellent adsorption performance, which aimed at amide herbicides. On the other hand, method validation displayed excellent method performance, achieving good linearities with r 2  ≥ 0.9921, limits of detection between 0.25–0.45 µg kg − 1 , enrichment factors ≥ 89, matrix effect in the range of ± 20%, recoveries between 86.3% and 102.4%, and RSD lower than 4.38%. The developed method was successfully applied to the determination of amide herbicides in soil taken from the wheat, corn and soybean field at different depths, where the concentration of alachlor, acetochlor and pretilachlor were in the range of 0.62–8.04 µg kg − 1 . It was demonstrated that the more depth of soil, the lower of three amide herbicides. This finding could be proposed a novel method to detect the amide herbicides in the agriculture and food industry.