Preventing Burnout in Psychiatric Nurses: A Study on the Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Techniques

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Poluboiartsev This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3317112/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Objective This study aims to ascertain the validity and effectiveness of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) technique in reducing stress and preventing emotional burnout among psychiatric nurses, with the goal of introducing it as a resource-efficient intervention in psychiatric medical institutions. Materials and methods From November 1, 2022 , to February 28, 2023 , we selected 50 participants , comprising 34 women and 16 men , from three medical institutions in the Republic of Kazakhstan. These participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group, each consisting of 25 respondents . The experimental group received the MBSR technique as a psychological intervention. We assessed both groups using the Depression Symptom Scale-90 (SCL-90) , the Depression Self-Report Scale (SDS) , and the Nurses' Stress Rating Scale (NSS) before and after the intervention. These scales are standard tools for self-diagnosis of mental health and stress levels. Results (1) Following the application of the MBSR technique, the respondents in the experimental group experienced a significant decrease in SCL-90 scores, demonstrating a statistically significant difference from their scores before the intervention ( p 0.05) . (2) Post-intervention, SDS scores significantly decreased in the experimental group, with a notable statistical difference from the pre-intervention scores ( p 0.05) . (3) After the intervention, the Nurse Stress Rating Scale (NSS) score significantly decreased within the experimental group, with a statistically significant difference from the pre-intervention score ( p < 0.001) . Conclusions The utilization of the MBSR technique effectively reduces stress, alleviates anxiety and depressive moods, and mitigates negative emotions among psychiatric nurses, thus serving as a preventive measure against emotional burnout. Occupational Medicine Mindfulness Technique MBSR Burnout Syndrome Depression Symptom Scale-90 (SCL-90) Depression Self-Report Scale (SDS) Nurses' Stress Rating Scale (NSS) INTRODUCTION Psychiatric nurses constitute a distinct subset within the nursing profession, facing heightened workplace stress and a greater susceptibility to mental health disorders compared to their counterparts in other nursing specializations [ 1 ]. Their responsibilities extend beyond the mere execution of tasks, encompassing a high demand for stress resilience and finely-tuned communication skills. Among nurses attending to psychiatric patients, instances of professional burnout are all too frequent. This often culminates in employee departures, personal tragedies, disruptions in institutional processes, and a degradation in the overall quality of healthcare provision [ 2 ]. While numerous approaches exist to mitigate stress and prevent burnout, the body of scientific research in this domain remains insufficient. One widely adopted stress reduction technique in Western countries, particularly among nursing staff, is the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Technique (MBSR) [ 3 , 4 ]. The concept of health encompasses two pivotal dimensions: mental health and physical health [ 5 ]. Mental health is an undeniably multifaceted construct. In 2001, the World Health Organization delineated mental health as a state of well-being in which individuals can attain their objectives, navigate life's challenges, engage in fruitful and productive endeavors, and contribute to societal progress. This holistic definition of mental health encompasses subjective well-being, self-efficacy, autonomy, competence, and the capacity to empathize with others' emotions [ 6 ]. In a state of complete mental health, individuals can adapt to prevailing life circumstances, pursue education, excel in their occupations, and unlock their full potential. Stress's inextricable link to mental health has attracted considerable scholarly attention. Cunningham and Regan observed that stress's adverse impact on mental health transcends age and occupation [ 7 ]. Stress exerts detrimental effects on mental well-being. Nursing professionals are well-recognized for enduring substantial emotional stress and perpetual workplace pressure [ 8 ]. Given the nature of their work, psychiatric nurses experience heightened psychological and social stress compared to their general nursing counterparts. This workplace stress significantly contributes to emotional burnout among psychiatric nurses. Consequently, mastering effective stress reduction techniques tailored to psychiatric nurses holds the promise of enhancing their mental health, work efficiency, and job satisfaction. Mindfulness-based stress reduction techniques encompass an array of psychological practices and physical exercises designed to alleviate stress, mitigate pain, and forestall burnout [ 9 ]. MBSR is a mindfulness-oriented program developed to equip individuals with tools to manage stress, cope with illness, and address mental health challenges [ 9 , 10 ]. This comprehensive program incorporates a diverse range of practices, including meditation, yoga, breathing exercises, and other techniques that cultivate present-moment awareness, foster nonjudgmental acceptance of thoughts and emotions, and enhance self-regulation abilities. Notably, MBSR's positive impact extends beyond mental health to influence physiological processes [ 11 ]. MATERIALS AND METHODS Before initiating the implementation of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) technique, the study's author, an expert in the field of nursing and a counseling psychologist, utilized the Depression Symptom Scale-90 (SCL-90) [ 12 ], the Depression Self-Report Scale (SDS) [ 13 ], and the Nurses Stress Rating Scale (NSS) [ 14 ] to assess two distinct groups. Subsequently, the MBSR technique was introduced to the experimental group, while the control group received conventional psychological support, which included conversational and interview-based interventions. Following the completion of the MBSR program, both groups of nurses underwent a second assessment using the same scales. The results from these two assessments were then compared and analyzed. The study was conducted over a three-month period, commencing on November 1, 2022, and concluding on February 28, 2023, with three distinct phases. Phase 1, the evaluation phase (November) , involved explaining the study's purpose, significance, content, and principles to the nurses. Guided by the researcher, the nurses completed the SCL-90 , SDS , and NSS scales during this phase. Phase 2, the implementation phase (October to December) , allowed respondents to choose a suitable time for MBSR technique training based on their availability. The training content remained consistent throughout this period. All respondents participated in the required exercises under the guidance of a certified instructor in a dedicated space at the National Educational Institution "Kazakhstan-Russian Medical University." MBSR Technique: The MBSR technique encompassed the following components: Preparation for Relaxation : Nurses selected a comfortable position for relaxation and gradually unwound while listening to soothing music. The instructor employed a structured narrative to facilitate the relaxation process. Conscious Breathing : Participants closed their eyes and engaged in guided breathing exercises under the instructor's supervision. Meditation : Nurses acquired foundational meditation skills, with the instructor providing guidance on responding effectively to negative emotions. Depending on the MBSR technique's effects and participants' experiences, they were encouraged to share their emotional experiences, whether positive or negative, and engage in peer learning. Subsequently, respondents recompleted the SCL-90 , SDS , and NSS scales. Evaluations were conducted immediately before and after the intervention, with responses gathered through a custom-designed digital questionnaire. Participants: The study recruited psychiatric nurses from three prominent hospitals in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Inclusion criteria consisted of individuals aged 20 to 50 years, with a minimum of one year of clinical psychiatric nursing experience, and the absence of significant cardiovascular or other severe physical ailments. A total of 50 participants, comprising 34 women and 16 men, with an average age of 29.5 ± 7.1 years, held secondary specialized education (from a medical college) . Randomization into the experimental and control groups, each composed of 25 respondents, was achieved using a table of random numbers. Participants were thoroughly briefed on the study's objectives and methods before its commencement, and their participation was entirely voluntary. To safeguard participants' personal data, their names and surnames were anonymized using alphanumeric codes. Measurement Tools : Depression Symptom Scale-90 (SCL-90) : This scale, created by Derogatis et al. (1973) [ 15 ], consists of 90 items that encompass self-assessment of cognitive abilities, emotions, behavior, interpersonal relationships, and lifestyle. A 5-point scoring system is employed, ranging from 0 (never) to 4 (always) . Depression Self-Report Scale (SDS) : Designed by Zung (1971) [ 16 ], this scale shares similarities with the SCL-90 in form and evaluation methods. However, it comprises 20 items, employs a 4-point scoring system, and assesses patients' subjective experiences of anxiety. Nurses Stress Rating Scale (NSS) : Compiled by Li and Liu (2000) [ 17 ], this scale encompasses 35 questions, covering aspects such as work-related issues, time management and workload challenges, work environment and equipment concerns, patient care difficulties, and challenges pertaining to management and interpersonal relationships. Each item employs a 4-point scoring system. Higher scores indicate greater stress levels: 1 denotes no stress, 1.01-2 indicates mild stress, 2.01-3 implies moderate stress, and 3.01-4 suggests severe stress. The overall scale reliability factor is 0.96, with individual measurements ranging from 0.84 to 0.93. Statistical Analysis: Data analysis was conducted using the MS Excel program and RStudio 2023.03.1 Build 446 (Posit Software, PBC) [ 18 ]. Quantitative data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Intergroup comparisons were executed using independent sample t-tests, while intragroup comparisons employed paired t-tests. Qualitative data were presented as case numbers and component ratios. Intergroup comparisons were performed utilizing the chi-square test or the Wilcoxon rank sum test [ 19 ]. Statistical significance was considered at p < 0.05. RESULTS Comparison of General Information of Study Participants: Prior to the introduction of the MBSR technique, the control and experimental groups consisted of 28 and 25 participants, respectively. However, following the intervention, three respondents from the control group declined to continue their participation, resulting in a total of 50 participants. As illustrated in Table 1 , there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender, age, educational level, marital status, and the economic status of their families (p > 0.05) . This lack of significant differences indicates that the two groups were comparable with respect to the general characteristics of the participants. Table 1 General information of study participants Control group (n = 25) Experimental group (n = 25) p Gender Male 8 8 0.883 Female 17 17 0.763 Age 28.5 ± 7.1 29.5 ± 7.1 0.646 Years of work 9.3 ± 3.2 8.9 ± 2.9 0.525 Source: compiled by the author Comparison Of Scl-90 Scores Of Two Groups After Intervention: As indicated in Table 2 , the experimental group exhibited a significant decrease in score values after the intervention compared to before, with a highly significant statistical difference (p 0.05) . Comparison of SDS Scores Between the Two Groups After the Intervention: As displayed in Table 3 , there was no significant difference in pre-intervention SDS scores between the experimental and control groups (p > 0.05) . Following the intervention, the SDS scores in the experimental group significantly decreased compared to their pre-intervention values, indicating a highly significant statistical difference ( p < 0.001) . Comparison of NSS Scores Between the Two Groups After the Intervention: Table 4 reveals that there were no notable differences in Nurse Stress Rating Scale (NSS) scores between the experimental and control groups before the intervention (p > 0.05) . However, post-intervention stress scores for nurses in the experimental group were markedly lower than their pre-intervention scores, demonstrating a highly significant statistical difference (p < 0.001) . Table 2 Comparison of two groups on the Symptom Scale-90 (SCL-90) after the intervention Indicator Group Before intervention After the intervention Difference before and after intervention p Intragroup comparison p Intergroup comparison difference SCL-90 Control group (n = 25) 134.5 ± 25.6 132.6 ± 24.9 1.9 ± 8.4 0.128 p < 0.001 Experimental group (n = 25) 136.7 ± 27.7 119.6 ± 21.6 17.1 ± 9.3 < 0.001 Positive number Control group (n = 25) 34.2 ± 4.6 33.2 ± 4.1 1.0 ± 4.9 0.168 p < 0.001 Experimental group (n = 25) 36.1 ± 5.1 25.6 ± 5.6 10.5 ± 4.3 < 0.001 Source: compiled by the author Table 3 Comparison of two groups on the Depression Self-Report Scale (SDS) after the intervention Group Before intervention After the intervention Difference before and after intervention p Intragroup comparison p Intergroup comparison difference Control group (n = 25) 43.3 ± 7.9 41.2 ± 8.7 2.1 ± 8.4 0.093 p < 0.001 Experimental group (n = 25) 45.8 ± 9.1 35.4 ± 8.3 10.4 ± 7.5 < 0.001 Source: compiled by the author Table 4 Comparison of two groups on the Nurses Stress Rating Scale (NSS) Group Before intervention After the intervention Difference before and after intervention p Intragroup comparison p Intergroup comparison difference Control group (n = 25) 84.8 ± 8.1 83.1 ± 8.4 1.7 ± 8.2 0.162 p < 0.001 Experimental group (n = 25) 83.9 ± 8.3 68.2 ± 9.1 15.7 ± 7.5 < 0.001 Source: compiled by the author DISCUSSION According to the outcomes of this study, no substantial disparities existed in anxiety and depression levels between the experimental and control groups before the intervention. However, following the intervention, the experimental group exhibited significantly lower levels of depression and anxiety. This finding underscores the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) therapy in diminishing anxiety and depression among psychiatric nurses, positioning it as a pertinent tool in the prevention of burnout. Depression and anxiety constitute prevalent mental health concerns within the healthcare sector [ 20 ]. In a study by Hui and Li (2015) involving 800 general practice nurses, questionnaire results indicated that the incidence of depression and anxiety among nursing professionals can reach as high as 45%. Notably, psychiatric nurses, when compared to their general practice counterparts, endure even greater workloads and heightened stress levels. The utilization of MBSR therapy in this investigation significantly ameliorated levels of depression and anxiety among psychiatric nurses. Mindfulness training has the capacity to effectively activate the left prefrontal cortex, thereby enhancing individuals' emotional experiences and augmenting their perception of positive emotions [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Cultivating positive emotional awareness also contributes to heightened attentiveness, enhanced self-control, and adept management of internal conflicts [ 24 ]. Consequently, mental health nurses become more adept at recognizing positive facets even within adverse circumstances, mitigating the adverse impact of negative events on their mental well-being and reducing anxiety and depression stemming from such events. Concurrently, through metacognitive control, mindfulness training empowers psychiatric nurses to establish accurate self-awareness and acquire proficient stress management techniques [ 25 ]. Proficiency in diverse techniques for managing depressive emotions further bolsters nurses' self-efficacy. Previous research has established that augmented self-efficacy, particularly in the domain of emotional self-efficacy, corresponds to diminished depression, anxiety, and other undesirable emotions, thereby enhancing mental health and diminishing the risk of burnout [ 26 , 27 ]. MBSR Therapy as a Catalyst for Workplace Stress Reduction in Psychiatric Nurses: As per the findings of this investigation, no significant differences were observable in work-related stress scores between the experimental and control groups before the intervention. However, post-intervention, the experimental group of psychiatric nurses displayed a substantial decrease in stress levels, whereas the control group demonstrated only a marginal reduction. These results vividly illustrate that the implementation of MBSR therapy effectively reduces stress among healthcare professionals. These insights align with previous research emphasizing the pivotal role of mindfulness-based interventions in alleviating occupational stress. MBSR therapy, by fostering mindfulness and equipping individuals with stress management tools, enhances the capacity of psychiatric nurses to cope with the rigors of their profession. By mitigating stress levels, MBSR therapy not only bolsters the mental well-being of psychiatric nurses but also contributes to the cultivation of a more resilient workforce within healthcare institutions. The findings from this study underscore the utility of MBSR therapy as a multifaceted approach to enhancing the mental health and well-being of psychiatric nurses, thereby reducing the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and occupational stress. Given the demanding nature of their profession, the integration of MBSR therapy into the regular training and support mechanisms for psychiatric nurses holds great promise for promoting a healthier and more resilient workforce. CONCLUSION Psychiatric nurses constitute a unique cohort within the nursing profession, grappling with the distinctive emotional burdens that accompany their line of work. This study sought to assess the efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) in alleviating stress and averting burnout among psychiatric nurses. Respondents were randomly allocated into experimental and control groups, with assessments conducted before and after the intervention employing the SCL-90 , SDS , and NSS scales. The findings of this study reveal: Comparable Mental Health Pre-Intervention : Prior to the intervention, no significant distinctions in mental health levels were discernible between the two groups of nurses, as assessed by the rating scales. Post-Intervention Mental Health Improvement : Subsequent to the intervention, the experimental group displayed noteworthy enhancements in mental health, accompanied by discernible reductions in levels of depression, anxiety, and workplace stress. MBSR's Efficacy in Workplace Stress Reduction : The application of the MBSR technique emerged as a potent strategy for diminishing workplace stress and preventing professional burnout among psychiatric nurses. A Novel Perspective for Psychiatric Nurses' Mental Health Enhancement : This study presents a novel outlook for bolstering the mental well-being of a distinct subset of healthcare professionals—psychiatric nurses. In summation , the results of this study underscore the pivotal role of MBSR in enhancing the mental health and resilience of psychiatric nurses, with the capacity to reduce the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and workplace stress. By doing so, this intervention not only augments the quality of life for psychiatric nurses but also augurs well for the broader medical community by fostering a more resilient and well-equipped workforce. Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Central Commission on Bioethics under NEI Kazakh-Russian Medical University (Protocol # 15/3-14 dated October 31, 2022) Current study did not require experiments on humans and/or the use of human tissue samples. Authors confirm that all methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects of the study. Consent for publication Not Applicable Availability of data and materials The data that support the findings of this study are available upon request. The request shoul be applied to corresponding author. 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We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3317112","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":230357596,"identity":"c3095044-47b9-42fe-ace7-f7dcf9b676c4","order_by":0,"name":"Igor O. Poluboiartsev","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAxUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDCCAxBKDsx+QIoWYzA7gRQtiQ0gkigtfMd7TDd83HEnfX7Y4YdAW+zkdBsIaJE8c8bs5swzz3I33k4zAGpJNjY7QECLwY0cs9u8bYdzN85OAGk5kLiNoJb7b8Ba0g1np38gUssNHrCWBHnpHCJtkTyTVnZzZtszww3SOQUHEgyI8Avf8cPbbnxsuyMvPzt984cPFXZyBLUwMHAYMIBixwCs0oCgchBgfwDWIt9AlOpRMApGwSgYiQAAXVBQeleOJ2oAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-5241","institution":"NEI Kazakh-Russian Medical University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Igor","middleName":"O.","lastName":"Poluboiartsev","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2023-09-01 12:38:35","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":true,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":true,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":true,"humanSubjectConsent":true,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"coiExplicitlySet":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3317112/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3317112/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":42562342,"identity":"dade9a77-fc6f-4f6e-a283-a1001dfee639","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-09-04 03:47:42","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":686879,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3317112/v1/3acffbbb-b30f-4594-9c90-4c7675fefc26.pdf"},{"id":42562341,"identity":"dabadf9c-e149-480c-8b0d-6357587f493d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-09-04 03:47:40","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":686879,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3317112/v1/46e6ac1c-74e2-419c-8a47-13849cccf775.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePreventing Burnout in Psychiatric Nurses: A Study on the Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Techniques\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"INTRODUCTION","content":"\u003cp\u003ePsychiatric nurses constitute a distinct subset within the nursing profession, facing heightened workplace stress and a greater susceptibility to mental health disorders compared to their counterparts in other nursing specializations [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e]. Their responsibilities extend beyond the mere execution of tasks, encompassing a high demand for stress resilience and finely-tuned communication skills. Among nurses attending to psychiatric patients, instances of professional burnout are all too frequent. This often culminates in employee departures, personal tragedies, disruptions in institutional processes, and a degradation in the overall quality of healthcare provision [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e]. While numerous approaches exist to mitigate stress and prevent burnout, the body of scientific research in this domain remains insufficient. One widely adopted stress reduction technique in Western countries, particularly among nursing staff, is the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Technique \u003cb\u003e(MBSR)\u003c/b\u003e [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe concept of health encompasses two pivotal dimensions: mental health and physical health [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e]. Mental health is an undeniably multifaceted construct. In 2001, the World Health Organization delineated mental health as a state of well-being in which individuals can attain their objectives, navigate life's challenges, engage in fruitful and productive endeavors, and contribute to societal progress. This holistic definition of mental health encompasses subjective well-being, self-efficacy, autonomy, competence, and the capacity to empathize with others' emotions [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]. In a state of complete mental health, individuals can adapt to prevailing life circumstances, pursue education, excel in their occupations, and unlock their full potential.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStress's inextricable link to mental health has attracted considerable scholarly attention. Cunningham and Regan observed that stress's adverse impact on mental health transcends age and occupation [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e]. Stress exerts detrimental effects on mental well-being.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNursing professionals are well-recognized for enduring substantial emotional stress and perpetual workplace pressure [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e]. Given the nature of their work, psychiatric nurses experience heightened psychological and social stress compared to their general nursing counterparts. This workplace stress significantly contributes to emotional burnout among psychiatric nurses. Consequently, mastering effective stress reduction techniques tailored to psychiatric nurses holds the promise of enhancing their mental health, work efficiency, and job satisfaction.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMindfulness-based stress reduction techniques encompass an array of psychological practices and physical exercises designed to alleviate stress, mitigate pain, and forestall burnout [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]. \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e is a mindfulness-oriented program developed to equip individuals with tools to manage stress, cope with illness, and address mental health challenges [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e]. This comprehensive program incorporates a diverse range of practices, including meditation, yoga, breathing exercises, and other techniques that cultivate present-moment awareness, foster nonjudgmental acceptance of thoughts and emotions, and enhance self-regulation abilities. Notably, MBSR's positive impact extends beyond mental health to influence physiological processes [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"MATERIALS AND METHODS","content":"\u003cp\u003eBefore initiating the implementation of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction \u003cb\u003e(MBSR)\u003c/b\u003e technique, the study's author, an expert in the field of nursing and a counseling psychologist, utilized the Depression Symptom Scale-90 \u003cb\u003e(SCL-90)\u003c/b\u003e [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e], the Depression Self-Report Scale \u003cb\u003e(SDS)\u003c/b\u003e [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e], and the Nurses Stress Rating Scale \u003cb\u003e(NSS)\u003c/b\u003e [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e] to assess two distinct groups. Subsequently, the \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e technique was introduced to the experimental group, while the control group received conventional psychological support, which included conversational and interview-based interventions. Following the completion of the \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e program, both groups of nurses underwent a second assessment using the same scales. The results from these two assessments were then compared and analyzed.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe study was conducted over a three-month period, commencing on November 1, 2022, and concluding on February 28, 2023, with three distinct phases. Phase 1, the evaluation phase \u003cb\u003e(November)\u003c/b\u003e, involved explaining the study's purpose, significance, content, and principles to the nurses. Guided by the researcher, the nurses completed the \u003cb\u003eSCL-90\u003c/b\u003e, \u003cb\u003eSDS\u003c/b\u003e, and \u003cb\u003eNSS\u003c/b\u003e scales during this phase. Phase 2, the implementation phase \u003cb\u003e(October to December)\u003c/b\u003e, allowed respondents to choose a suitable time for \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e technique training based on their availability. The training content remained consistent throughout this period. All respondents participated in the required exercises under the guidance of a certified instructor in a dedicated space at the National Educational Institution \"Kazakhstan-Russian Medical University.\"\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eMBSR Technique:\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e technique encompassed the following components:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003col\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePreparation for Relaxation\u003c/b\u003e: Nurses selected a comfortable position for relaxation and gradually unwound while listening to soothing music. The instructor employed a structured narrative to facilitate the relaxation process.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eConscious Breathing\u003c/b\u003e: Participants closed their eyes and engaged in guided breathing exercises under the instructor's supervision.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMeditation\u003c/b\u003e: Nurses acquired foundational meditation skills, with the instructor providing guidance on responding effectively to negative emotions. Depending on the \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e technique's effects and participants' experiences, they were encouraged to share their emotional experiences, whether positive or negative, and engage in peer learning. Subsequently, respondents recompleted the \u003cb\u003eSCL-90\u003c/b\u003e, \u003cb\u003eSDS\u003c/b\u003e, and \u003cb\u003eNSS\u003c/b\u003e scales. Evaluations were conducted immediately before and after the intervention, with responses gathered through a custom-designed digital questionnaire.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eParticipants:\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe study recruited psychiatric nurses from three prominent hospitals in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Inclusion criteria consisted of individuals aged 20 to 50 years, with a minimum of one year of clinical psychiatric nursing experience, and the absence of significant cardiovascular or other severe physical ailments. A total of 50 participants, comprising 34 women and 16 men, with an average age of 29.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;7.1 years, held secondary specialized education \u003cb\u003e(from a medical college)\u003c/b\u003e. Randomization into the experimental and control groups, each composed of 25 respondents, was achieved using a table of random numbers. Participants were thoroughly briefed on the study's objectives and methods before its commencement, and their participation was entirely voluntary. To safeguard participants' personal data, their names and surnames were anonymized using alphanumeric codes.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eMeasurement Tools\u003c/b\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003col\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eDepression Symptom Scale-90 (SCL-90)\u003c/b\u003e: This scale, created by Derogatis et al. \u003cb\u003e(1973)\u003c/b\u003e [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e], consists of 90 items that encompass self-assessment of cognitive abilities, emotions, behavior, interpersonal relationships, and lifestyle. A 5-point scoring system is employed, ranging from 0 \u003cb\u003e(never)\u003c/b\u003e to 4 \u003cb\u003e(always)\u003c/b\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eDepression Self-Report Scale (SDS)\u003c/b\u003e: Designed by Zung \u003cb\u003e(1971)\u003c/b\u003e [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e], this scale shares similarities with the \u003cb\u003eSCL-90\u003c/b\u003e in form and evaluation methods. However, it comprises 20 items, employs a 4-point scoring system, and assesses patients' subjective experiences of anxiety.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eNurses Stress Rating Scale (NSS)\u003c/b\u003e: Compiled by Li and Liu \u003cb\u003e(2000)\u003c/b\u003e [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e], this scale encompasses 35 questions, covering aspects such as work-related issues, time management and workload challenges, work environment and equipment concerns, patient care difficulties, and challenges pertaining to management and interpersonal relationships. Each item employs a 4-point scoring system. Higher scores indicate greater stress levels: 1 denotes no stress, 1.01-2 indicates mild stress, 2.01-3 implies moderate stress, and 3.01-4 suggests severe stress. The overall scale reliability factor is 0.96, with individual measurements ranging from 0.84 to 0.93.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003c/ol\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eStatistical Analysis:\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eData analysis was conducted using the \u003cb\u003eMS\u003c/b\u003e Excel program and RStudio 2023.03.1 Build 446 \u003cb\u003e(Posit Software, PBC)\u003c/b\u003e [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e]. Quantitative data were expressed as mean\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;standard deviation. Intergroup comparisons were executed using independent sample t-tests, while intragroup comparisons employed paired t-tests. Qualitative data were presented as case numbers and component ratios. Intergroup comparisons were performed utilizing the chi-square test or the Wilcoxon rank sum test [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e]. Statistical significance was considered at \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"RESULTS","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eComparison of General Information of Study Participants:\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrior to the introduction of the \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e technique, the control and experimental groups consisted of 28 and 25 participants, respectively. However, following the intervention, three respondents from the control group declined to continue their participation, resulting in a total of 50 participants. As illustrated in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender, age, educational level, marital status, and the economic status of their families \u003cb\u003e(p\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;0.05)\u003c/b\u003e. This lack of significant differences indicates that the two groups were comparable with respect to the general characteristics of the participants.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneral information of study participants\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eControl group (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;25)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eExperimental group (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;25)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGender\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMale\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.883\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFemale\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.763\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAge\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;7.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;7.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.646\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eYears of work\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.525\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"4\" nameend=\"c4\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSource: compiled by the author\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eComparison Of Scl-90 Scores Of Two Groups After Intervention:\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs indicated in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, the experimental group exhibited a significant decrease in score values after the intervention compared to before, with a highly significant statistical difference \u003cb\u003e(p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001)\u003c/b\u003e. Conversely, in the control group, the post-intervention scores were only slightly lower than the pre-intervention scores, failing to demonstrate a statistically significant difference \u003cb\u003e(p\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;0.05)\u003c/b\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eComparison of SDS Scores Between the Two Groups After the Intervention:\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs displayed in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, there was no significant difference in pre-intervention \u003cb\u003eSDS\u003c/b\u003e scores between the experimental and control groups \u003cb\u003e(p\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;0.05)\u003c/b\u003e. Following the intervention, the \u003cb\u003eSDS\u003c/b\u003e scores in the experimental group significantly decreased compared to their pre-intervention values, indicating a highly significant statistical difference \u003cb\u003e(\u003c/b\u003e\u003cb\u003ep\u003c/b\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001)\u003c/b\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec10\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eComparison of NSS Scores Between the Two Groups After the Intervention:\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e reveals that there were no notable differences in Nurse Stress Rating Scale \u003cb\u003e(NSS)\u003c/b\u003e scores between the experimental and control groups before the intervention \u003cb\u003e(p\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;0.05)\u003c/b\u003e. However, post-intervention stress scores for nurses in the experimental group were markedly lower than their pre-intervention scores, demonstrating a highly significant statistical difference \u003cb\u003e(p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001)\u003c/b\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eComparison of two groups on the Symptom Scale-90 \u003cb\u003e(SCL-90)\u003c/b\u003e after the intervention\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"7\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndicator\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGroup\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore intervention\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAfter the intervention\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDifference before and after intervention\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntragroup comparison\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntergroup comparison difference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSCL-90\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eControl group \u003cb\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;25)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e134.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;25.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e132.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;24.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.128\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eExperimental group \u003cb\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;25)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e136.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;27.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e119.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;21.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePositive number\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eControl group \u003cb\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;25)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.168\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eExperimental group \u003cb\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;25)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;5.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;5.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"7\" nameend=\"c7\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSource: compiled by the author\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eComparison of two groups on the Depression Self-Report Scale \u003cb\u003e(SDS)\u003c/b\u003e after the intervention\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGroup\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore intervention\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAfter the intervention\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDifference before and after intervention\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntragroup comparison\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntergroup comparison difference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eControl group \u003cb\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;25)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e43.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;7.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.093\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eExperimental group \u003cb\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;25)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;7.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"6\" nameend=\"c6\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSource: compiled by the author\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab4\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eComparison of two groups on the Nurses Stress Rating Scale \u003cb\u003e(NSS)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGroup\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore intervention\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAfter the intervention\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDifference before and after intervention\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntragroup comparison\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntergroup comparison difference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eControl group \u003cb\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;25)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e84.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e83.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.162\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eExperimental group \u003cb\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;25)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e83.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e68.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;7.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"6\" nameend=\"c6\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSource: compiled by the author\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"DISCUSSION","content":"\u003cp\u003eAccording to the outcomes of this study, no substantial disparities existed in anxiety and depression levels between the experimental and control groups before the intervention. However, following the intervention, the experimental group exhibited significantly lower levels of depression and anxiety. This finding underscores the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction \u003cb\u003e(MBSR)\u003c/b\u003e therapy in diminishing anxiety and depression among psychiatric nurses, positioning it as a pertinent tool in the prevention of burnout.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDepression and anxiety constitute prevalent mental health concerns within the healthcare sector [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e]. In a study by Hui and Li \u003cb\u003e(2015)\u003c/b\u003e involving 800 general practice nurses, questionnaire results indicated that the incidence of depression and anxiety among nursing professionals can reach as high as 45%. Notably, psychiatric nurses, when compared to their general practice counterparts, endure even greater workloads and heightened stress levels.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe utilization of \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e therapy in this investigation significantly ameliorated levels of depression and anxiety among psychiatric nurses. Mindfulness training has the capacity to effectively activate the left prefrontal cortex, thereby enhancing individuals' emotional experiences and augmenting their perception of positive emotions [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e22\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e]. Cultivating positive emotional awareness also contributes to heightened attentiveness, enhanced self-control, and adept management of internal conflicts [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e]. Consequently, mental health nurses become more adept at recognizing positive facets even within adverse circumstances, mitigating the adverse impact of negative events on their mental well-being and reducing anxiety and depression stemming from such events. Concurrently, through metacognitive control, mindfulness training empowers psychiatric nurses to establish accurate self-awareness and acquire proficient stress management techniques [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e]. Proficiency in diverse techniques for managing depressive emotions further bolsters nurses' self-efficacy. Previous research has established that augmented self-efficacy, particularly in the domain of emotional self-efficacy, corresponds to diminished depression, anxiety, and other undesirable emotions, thereby enhancing mental health and diminishing the risk of burnout [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec12\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eMBSR Therapy as a Catalyst for Workplace Stress Reduction in Psychiatric Nurses:\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs per the findings of this investigation, no significant differences were observable in work-related stress scores between the experimental and control groups before the intervention. However, post-intervention, the experimental group of psychiatric nurses displayed a substantial decrease in stress levels, whereas the control group demonstrated only a marginal reduction. These results vividly illustrate that the implementation of \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e therapy effectively reduces stress among healthcare professionals.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThese insights align with previous research emphasizing the pivotal role of mindfulness-based interventions in alleviating occupational stress. \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e therapy, by fostering mindfulness and equipping individuals with stress management tools, enhances the capacity of psychiatric nurses to cope with the rigors of their profession. By mitigating stress levels, \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e therapy not only bolsters the mental well-being of psychiatric nurses but also contributes to the cultivation of a more resilient workforce within healthcare institutions.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe findings from this study underscore the utility of \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e therapy as a multifaceted approach to enhancing the mental health and well-being of psychiatric nurses, thereby reducing the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and occupational stress. Given the demanding nature of their profession, the integration of \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e therapy into the regular training and support mechanisms for psychiatric nurses holds great promise for promoting a healthier and more resilient workforce.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"CONCLUSION","content":"\u003cp\u003ePsychiatric nurses constitute a unique cohort within the nursing profession, grappling with the distinctive emotional burdens that accompany their line of work. This study sought to assess the efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction \u003cb\u003e(MBSR)\u003c/b\u003e in alleviating stress and averting burnout among psychiatric nurses. Respondents were randomly allocated into experimental and control groups, with assessments conducted before and after the intervention employing the \u003cb\u003eSCL-90\u003c/b\u003e, \u003cb\u003eSDS\u003c/b\u003e, and \u003cb\u003eNSS\u003c/b\u003e scales. The findings of this study reveal:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003col\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eComparable Mental Health Pre-Intervention\u003c/b\u003e: Prior to the intervention, no significant distinctions in mental health levels were discernible between the two groups of nurses, as assessed by the rating scales.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003ePost-Intervention Mental Health Improvement\u003c/b\u003e: Subsequent to the intervention, the experimental group displayed noteworthy enhancements in mental health, accompanied by discernible reductions in levels of depression, anxiety, and workplace stress.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eMBSR's Efficacy in Workplace Stress Reduction\u003c/b\u003e: The application of the \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e technique emerged as a potent strategy for diminishing workplace stress and preventing professional burnout among psychiatric nurses.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eA Novel Perspective for Psychiatric Nurses' Mental Health Enhancement\u003c/b\u003e: This study presents a novel outlook for bolstering the mental well-being of a distinct subset of healthcare professionals\u0026mdash;psychiatric nurses.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eIn summation\u003c/b\u003e, the results of this study underscore the pivotal role of \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e in enhancing the mental health and resilience of psychiatric nurses, with the capacity to reduce the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and workplace stress. By doing so, this intervention not only augments the quality of life for psychiatric nurses but also augurs well for the broader medical community by fostering a more resilient and well-equipped workforce.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003c/ol\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003ch2\u003eEthics approval and consent to participate\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Central Commission on Bioethics under \u003cstrong\u003eNEI\u003c/strong\u003e Kazakh-Russian Medical University \u003cstrong\u003e(Protocol # 15/3-14 dated October 31, 2022)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCurrent study did not require experiments on humans and/or the use of human tissue samples. Authors confirm that all methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects of the study.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eConsent for publication\u0026nbsp;\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot Applicable\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eAvailability of data and materials\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe data that support the findings of this study are available upon request. The request shoul be applied to corresponding author.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCompeting Interests\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe author declares that they have no conflict of interest or Competent Interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFunding\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot Applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBrudek P, Steuden SJ, Ciuła G. The mediating role of types of coping styles in the relations between temperamental traits and staff burnout among psychiatric nurses. Psychiatrist Paul. 2019 Oct 30;53(5):1151-1168. English, Polish. doi: 10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/99849. Epub 2019 Oct 30. PMID: 31955192.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHanrahan NP, Aiken LH, McClaine L, Hanlon AL. Relationship between psychiatric nurse work environments and nurse burnout in acute care general hospitals. Issues Mental Health Nurs. 2010 Mar;31(3):198-207. doi: 10.3109/01612840903200068. PMID: 20144031; PMCID: PMC2856615.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBekelepi N, Martin P. Support interventions for nurses working in acute psychiatric units: A systematic review. Health SA. 2022 Apr 29; 27:1811. doi:10.4102/hsag. v27i0.1811. PMID: 35548058; PMCID: PMC9082224.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eP\u0026eacute;rula-de Torres LA, Atalaya JCV, Garc\u0026iacute;a-Campayo J, Rold\u0026aacute;n-Villalobos A, Magall\u0026oacute;n-Botaya R, Bartolom\u0026eacute;-Moreno C, Moreno-Martos H, Mel\u0026uacute;s-Palaz\u0026oacute;n E, Li\u0026eacute;tor-Villajos N, Valverde-Bol\u0026iacute;var FJ, Hachem -Salas N, Rodr\u0026iacute;guez LA, Navarro-Gil M, Epstein R, Cabez\u0026oacute;n-Crespo A, Moreno CM; collaborative group of the MINDUUDD study. Controlled clinical trial comparing the effectiveness of a mindfulness and self-compassion 4-session program versus an 8-session program to reduce work stress and burnout in family and community medicine physicians and nurses: MINDUUDD study protocol. B.M.C. Fam Pract. 2019 Feb 6;20(1):24. doi: 10.1186/s12875-019-0913-z. PMID: 30727962; PMCID: PMC6364464.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWorld Health Organization. (2006). Constitution of the World Health Organization - https://apps.who.int/gb/bd/PDF/bd47/EN/constitution-en.pdf?ua=1, Forty-fifth edition, Supplement, October 2006.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFreeman M. The World Mental Health Report: transforming mental health for all. World Psychiatry. 2022 Oct;21(3):391-392. doi: 10.1002/wps.21018. PMID: 36073688; PMCID: PMC9453907.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCunningham, Mitchell \u0026amp; Regan, Michael. (2016). The impact of emotion, life stress and mental health issues on driving performance and safety. Road and Transport Research. 25.40-50.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKim, Hae. (2023). Influence of Nursing Practice Readiness, Job Stress, and Self-efficacy on Job Satisfaction in Novice Nurses. Forum of Public Safety and Culture. 21. 249-267. 10.52902/kjsc.2023.21.249.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLucas-Thompson, Rachel \u0026amp; Prince, Mark \u0026amp; Adams, Melanie \u0026amp; Miller, Reagan \u0026amp; Moran, Megan \u0026amp; Rayburn, Stephanie \u0026amp; Seiter, Tasha. (2023). Does a mindfulness-based intervention strengthen mindfulness stress buffering effects in adolescence? A preliminary investigation. current psychology. 1-15. 10.1007/s12144-023-04520-5.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJanssen M, Heerkens Y, Kuijer W, van der Heijden B, Engels J. Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on employees\u0026apos; mental health: A systematic review. PLOS One. 2018 Jan 24;13(1): e0191332. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191332. PMID: 29364935; PMCID: PMC5783379.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSantarnecchi E, D\u0026apos;Arista S, Egiziano E, Gardi C, Petrosino R, Vatti G, Reda M, Rossi A. Interaction between neuroanatomical and psychological changes after mindfulness-based training. PLOS One. 2014 Oct 20;9(10): e108359. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108359. Erratum in: PLoS One. 2015;10(6): e0129754. PMID: 25330321; PMCID: PMC4203679.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZhang MR, Huang HG, Chen HX, Deng YF. Factors associated with poor mental health outcomes in nurses in COVID-19-designated hospitals in the postepidemic period in Guangdong Province: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2022 Jul 18;12(7): e061116. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022\u0026ndash;061116. PMID: 35851024; PMCID: PMC9297002.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAl Mutair A, Al Mutairi A, Ambani Z, Shamsan A, AlMahmoud S, Alhumaid S. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the level of depression among health care workers: a cross-sectional study. PeerJ. 2021 May 17;9: e11469. doi: 10.7717/peerj.11469. PMID: 34046264; PMCID: PMC8136279.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAl-Yaqoubi S, Arulappan J. Sources of Work-Related Stress Among Omani Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Patient Exp. 2023 Mar 30; 10:23743735231166504. doi: 10.1177/23743735231166504. PMID: 37026116; PMCID: PMC10071165.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDerogatis LR, Lipman RS, Covi L. SCL-90: an outpatient psychiatric rating scale--preliminary report. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1973 Jan;9(1):13-28. PMID: 4682398Mbbb\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDunstan DA, Scott N. Clarification of the cut-off score for Zung\u0026apos;s self-rating depression scale. BMC Psychiatry. 2019 Jun 11;19(1):177. doi: 10.1186/s12888-019-2161-0. PMID: 31185948; PMCID: PMC6558728\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLi, XM, \u0026amp; Liu, YJ (2000). Job Stressors and Burnout among Staff Nurses. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2, 4-8\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHossain, Eklas. (2021). MS Excel Functions and Formulas. 10.1007/978-3-030-71036-1_3.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBondareva, Elena \u0026amp; Mazepa, Elena. (2021). On the Use of the Wilcoxon Criterion in the Practice of Pedagogical Research. Mathematical Physics and Computer Simulation. 26-32. 10.15688/mpcm.jvolsu.2021.3.3.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAkova, İrem \u0026amp; Hasdemir, \u0026Ouml;znur \u0026amp; Kili\u0026ccedil;, Esma. (2021). Evaluation of the relationship between burnout, depression, anxiety, and stress levels of primary health-care workers (Center Anatolia). Alexandria Journal of Medicine. 57.52-60. 10.1080/20905068.2021.1874632.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTement S, Keti\u0026scaron; ZK, Miro\u0026scaron;evič \u0026Scaron;, Selič-Zupančič P. The Impact of Psychological Interventions with Elements of Mindfulness (PIM) on Empathy, Well-Being, and Reduction of Burnout in Physicians: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 25;18(21):11181. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111181. PMID: 34769700; PMCID: PMC8582910.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLamothe M, Rondeau \u0026Eacute;, Malboeuf-Hurtubise C, Duval M, Sultan S. Outcomes of MBSR or MBSR-based interventions in health care providers: A systematic review with a focus on empathy and emotional competencies. Complement Ther Med. Feb 2016; 24:19-28. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2015.11.001. Epub 2015 Nov 27. PMID: 26860797.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGarland EL, Hanley AW, Goldin PR, Gross JJ. Testing the mindfulness-to-meaning theory: Evidence for mindful positive emotion regulation from a reanalysis of longitudinal data. PLOS One. 2017 Dec 6;12(12): e0187727. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187727. PMID: 29211754; PMCID: PMC5718463.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRusch HL, Rosario M, Levison LM, Olivera A, Livingston WS, Wu T, Gill JM. The effect of mindfulness meditation on sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2019 Jun;1445(1):5-16. doi: 10.1111/nyas.13996. Epub 2018 Dec 21. PMID: 30575050; PMCID: PMC6557693.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParsons CE, Crane C, Parsons LJ, Fjorback LO, Kuyken W. Home practice in Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction: A systematic review and meta-analysis of participants\u0026apos; mindfulness practice and its association with outcomes. Behav Res Ther. 2017 Aug; 95:29-41. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2017.05.004. Epub 2017 May 10. PMID: 28527330; PMCID: PMC5501725.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFarhadi, Mehran \u0026amp; Rahimi, Haniyeh \u0026amp; Paydar, Mohammad \u0026amp; Vasel, Mosayeb. (2023). The Effectiveness of Self-Compassion-Focused Therapy on Cognitive Vulnerability to Depression. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry. 10.18502/ijps. v18i2.12364.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTak YR, Brunwasser SM, Lichtwarck-Aschoff A, Engels RC. The Prospective Associations between Self-Efficacy and Depressive Symptoms from Early to Middle Adolescence: A Cross-Lagged Model. J Youth Adolesc. 2017 Apr;46(4):744-756. doi: 10.1007/s10964-016-0614-z. Epub 2016 Nov 29. PMID: 27900526; PMCID: PMC5346145.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"NEI Kazakh-Russian Medical University","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Mindfulness Technique, MBSR, Burnout Syndrome, Depression Symptom Scale-90 (SCL-90), Depression Self-Report Scale (SDS), Nurses' Stress Rating Scale (NSS)","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3317112/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3317112/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eObjective\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study aims to ascertain the validity and effectiveness of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction \u003cb\u003e(MBSR)\u003c/b\u003e technique in reducing stress and preventing emotional burnout among psychiatric nurses, with the goal of introducing it as a resource-efficient intervention in psychiatric medical institutions.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMaterials and methods\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrom \u003cem\u003eNovember 1, 2022\u003c/em\u003e, to \u003cem\u003eFebruary 28, 2023\u003c/em\u003e, we selected \u003cb\u003e50 participants\u003c/b\u003e, comprising \u003cb\u003e34 women\u003c/b\u003e and \u003cb\u003e16 men\u003c/b\u003e, from three medical institutions in the Republic of Kazakhstan. These participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group, each consisting of \u003cb\u003e25 respondents\u003c/b\u003e. The experimental group received the \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e technique as a psychological intervention. We assessed both groups using the Depression Symptom Scale-90 \u003cb\u003e(SCL-90)\u003c/b\u003e, the Depression Self-Report Scale \u003cb\u003e(SDS)\u003c/b\u003e, and the Nurses' Stress Rating Scale \u003cb\u003e(NSS)\u003c/b\u003e before and after the intervention. These scales are standard tools for self-diagnosis of mental health and stress levels.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003e(1)\u003c/b\u003e Following the application of the \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e technique, the respondents in the experimental group experienced a significant decrease in \u003cb\u003eSCL-90\u003c/b\u003e scores, demonstrating a statistically significant difference from their scores before the intervention \u003cb\u003e(\u003c/b\u003e\u003cb\u003ep\u003c/b\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001)\u003c/b\u003e. No statistically significant difference was observed in this indicator within the control group \u003cb\u003e(\u003c/b\u003e\u003cb\u003ep\u003c/b\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u003cb\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;0.05)\u003c/b\u003e. \u003cb\u003e(2)\u003c/b\u003e Post-intervention, \u003cb\u003eSDS\u003c/b\u003e scores significantly decreased in the experimental group, with a notable statistical difference from the pre-intervention scores \u003cb\u003e(\u003c/b\u003e\u003cb\u003ep\u003c/b\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001)\u003c/b\u003e. Conversely, no statistically significant difference was found in the control group \u003cb\u003e(\u003c/b\u003e\u003cb\u003ep\u003c/b\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u003cb\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;0.05)\u003c/b\u003e. \u003cb\u003e(3)\u003c/b\u003e After the intervention, the Nurse Stress Rating Scale \u003cb\u003e(NSS)\u003c/b\u003e score significantly decreased within the experimental group, with a statistically significant difference from the pre-intervention score \u003cb\u003e(\u003c/b\u003e\u003cb\u003ep\u003c/b\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001)\u003c/b\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusions\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe utilization of the \u003cb\u003eMBSR\u003c/b\u003e technique effectively reduces stress, alleviates anxiety and depressive moods, and mitigates negative emotions among psychiatric nurses, thus serving as a preventive measure against emotional burnout.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Preventing Burnout in Psychiatric Nurses: A Study on the Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Techniques","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2023-09-04 03:47:35","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3317112/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"24c1cb0c-5cad-4886-a7d7-5152ec5cfdc2","owner":[],"postedDate":"September 4th, 2023","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":24392859,"name":"Occupational Medicine"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2023-09-04T03:47:35+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2023-09-04 03:47:35","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-3317112","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-3317112","identity":"rs-3317112","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"_2-kVJe1T_tPrBINL-cwx","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}