Association between alcohol consumption levels and pelvic inflammatory disease: Findings from the NHANES 2013–2020

Daji Wang, D. Wang, Jianbo Xiong
In: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research · 2024 · vol. 51(1) , pp. e16188 · doi:10.1111/jog.16188 · PMID:39676636 · W4405436201
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Alcohol consumption, from mild to heavy levels, was positively associated with increased odds of pelvic inflammatory disease prevalence in adult women in the U.S.

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This study used NHANES 2013–2020 data to examine associations between alcohol consumption levels and the odds of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) prevalence among adult females, applying multivariate logistic regression, trend testing, and curve fitting, with subgroup stratified analyses and interaction tests. The authors reported that, relative to never-drinkers, alcohol consumption was associated with higher PID prevalence odds, with fully adjusted odds ratios of 1.89 for mild drinkers, 1.94 for moderate drinkers, and 2.01 for heavy drinkers. They concluded that the odds of PID increased with greater alcohol intake and that this pattern was consistently observed across the study population. The paper does not mention any explicit limitations in the provided text. Relevance to endometriosis: the paper focuses on PID rather than endometriosis or adenomyosis, and endometriosis/adenomyosis are not explicitly discussed in the provided content.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common and serious infection affecting women's reproductive health, which may result in severe consequences, such as infertility. This research is to investigate the association between alcohol consumption levels and the odds of PID prevalence, providing insights that could inform public health policies. METHODS AND RESULTS: The U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2020 is the data source. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, trend analysis, and curve fitting were employed to examine the associations between alcohol consumption levels and the odds of PID prevalence. Regarding subgroup analysis, we utilized the stratified analysis and interaction test to investigate the robustness of this association. Compared with participants who never consumed alcohol, alcohol consumption increased the odds of PID prevalence. The odds of PID prevalence increased with the increase in the level of alcohol consumption. In the fully adjusted model, compared to non-drinkers, the odds ratios (OR) for PID were 1.89 (95% CI: 1.23-2.92) for mild drinkers, 1.94 (95% CI: 1.24-3.04) for moderate drinkers, and 2.01 (95% CI: 1.27-3.19) for heavy drinkers, indicating an increased prevalence of PID by 89, 94, and 101%, respectively. This association was consistently observed across the study population. CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol consumption levels were positively related to the odds of PID prevalence among adult females in the United States. Our results indicate that reducing alcohol consumption and cultivating good living habits will likely help prevent PID in the general population.
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Abstract

Background and Aim Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common and serious infection affecting women's reproductive health, which may result in severe consequences, such as infertility. This research is to investigate the association between alcohol consumption levels and the odds of PID prevalence, providing insights that could inform public health policies.

Methods

and Results The U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2020 is the data source. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, trend analysis, and curve fitting were employed to examine the associations between alcohol consumption levels and the odds of PID prevalence. Regarding subgroup analysis, we utilized the stratified analysis and interaction test to investigate the robustness of this association. Compared with participants who never consumed alcohol, alcohol consumption increased the odds of PID prevalence. The odds of PID prevalence increased with the increase in the level of alcohol consumption. In the fully adjusted model, compared to non-drinkers, the odds ratios (OR) for PID were 1.89 (95% CI: 1.23–2.92) for mild drinkers, 1.94 (95% CI: 1.24–3.04) for moderate drinkers, and 2.01 (95% CI: 1.27–3.19) for heavy drinkers, indicating an increased prevalence of PID by 89, 94, and 101%, respectively. This association was consistently observed across the study population.

Conclusions

Alcohol consumption levels were positively related to the odds of PID prevalence among adult females in the United States. Our results indicate that reducing alcohol consumption and cultivating good living habits will likely help prevent PID in the general population. CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The writers all say they have no conflicting financial interests. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT The data that support the findings of this study were derived from the following resources available in the public domain: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/.

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