An artificial generation approach for spatially variable seismic ground motions compatible with Algerian design response spectra using real records: the role of segmentation techniques

An artificial generation approach for spatially variable seismic ground motions compatible with Algerian design response spectra using real records: the role of segmentation techniques | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article An artificial generation approach for spatially variable seismic ground motions compatible with Algerian design response spectra using real records: the role of segmentation techniques Mohammed RACHEDI, Abdelhafid Nouali This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8808100/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 4 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In nonlinear seismic analysis, ground motion must be represented through time histories. Three types of strong-motion time histories are commonly used: artificial, synthetic, and recorded acceleration time histories from past earthquakes. Although recorded time histories are often recommended, in practice their use is limited by the lack of nearby recording stations, the mismatch with the regional seismicity, or inappropriate local site conditions. This limitation is even more critical for extended structures such as bridges, where the spatial variability of ground motions must be considered. To address this issue, artificial time histories offer a practical alternative, as they can reproduce the physical characteristics observed in real earthquake records. In this study, a new algorithm is developed to generate spatially variable and non-stationary acceleration time histories. To ensure their compatibility with a target response spectrum, an iterative adjustment procedure is implemented. The proposed approach produces artificial accelerograms that are both non-stationary and spatially variable, while being compatible with the prescribed design response spectra. artificial time histories Response spectrum Compatibility spatially variation Integrability problem Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers invited by journal 18 Mar, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 09 Feb, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 09 Feb, 2026 First submitted to journal 06 Feb, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8808100","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":608118291,"identity":"239f78bf-ae96-4e5b-be1b-2fe469a79a95","order_by":0,"name":"Mohammed RACHEDI","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"Laboratoire Optimisation de la Conception et Ingénierie de l'Environnement","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mohammed","middleName":"","lastName":"RACHEDI","suffix":""},{"id":608118292,"identity":"035f0b9e-0a07-4319-9444-1f8ab8adbac5","order_by":1,"name":"Abdelhafid Nouali","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Pau and Pays de l'Adour","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Abdelhafid","middleName":"","lastName":"Nouali","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-02-06 14:23:24","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8808100/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8808100/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":105563102,"identity":"f60cd9c2-55ce-455c-a135-0f6a56f7aa8c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-03-27 12:45:57","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2017091,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Anartificialgenerationapproachforspatiallyvariableseismicgroundmotionscompatible.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8808100/v1_covered_21534e49-1968-4f86-ab89-9e5ba6c302a8.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"An artificial generation approach for spatially variable seismic ground motions compatible with Algerian design response spectra using real records: the role of segmentation techniques","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"asian-journal-of-civil-engineering","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"Learn more about [Asian Journal of Civil Engineering](https://www.springer.com/journal/42107)","snPcode":"42107","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/42107/3","title":"Asian Journal of Civil Engineering","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"artificial time histories, Response spectrum, Compatibility, spatially variation, Integrability problem","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8808100/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8808100/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eIn nonlinear seismic analysis, ground motion must be represented through time histories. 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