Screening of the optimal CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide for anti-inflammatory responses in avian macrophage cell line HD11

ABSTRACT CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides ( CpG-ODN ) has been shown to possess immunostimulatory features in both mammals and birds. However, compared to its pro-inflammatory effects, little is known about the anti-inflammatory responses triggered by CpG-ODN in avian cells. Hence, in this study, we aimed to characterize the anti-inflammatory response in the chick macrophage cell line HD11 under the stimulation of five kinds of CpG-ODN: CpG-A 1585 , CpG-A D35 , CpG-B 1555 , CpG-B K3 , and CpG-C 2395 . Single-stimulus CpG-B 1555 , CpG-B K3 , and CpG-C 2395 induced the interleukin ( IL )-10 expression without causing cellular injury. The effects of pretreatment with each CpG-ODN before subsequent lipopolysaccharide stimulation were also evaluated. Interestingly, only CpG-C 2395 maintained a high expression level in this situation. Finally, expression analysis of inflammation-related genes, such as the tumor necrosis factor - α, IL-1β, IL-6 , and Toll-like receptor 4, was conducted, and pretreatment with CpG-C 2395 significantly reduced their expression. Overall, our results shed light on the anti-inflammatory responses triggered by CpG-C 2395 stimulation using a comparative analysis of three major classes of CpG-ODN in chick macrophages.