Mitogenome and Phylogenetic Analysis of Typhlocybine Leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

Mitogenomes play an active role in determining the relationship between insect phylogeny and evolution and solve some problems encountered in traditional morphological classification. In order to increase the mitogenome data of leafhoppers the mitogenomes of Cassianeura cassiae and C. bimaculata were sequenced in this study and found to be 15,423 bp and 14,597 bp in length respectively. The gene structure was found to be similar to other published leafhopper mitogenomes, but we found the length of the control region of C. bimaculata to be the shortest in existing studies. The phylogenetic analysis of 13 PCGs resulted in a well-supported tree topology but species in Typhlocybini and Zyginellini were mixed. Meanwhile, this study also provided the phylogenetic analysis based on the body external morphology, female genitalia morphology and male genitalia morphology of 9 species of Typhlocybinae. The results showed that the female sternite VII of different species is quite different, but the female valvulae of different species in the same genus shows a certain consistency. The morphological phylogenetic tree is basically the same structure as the molecular phylogenetic tree. In the two different kinds of phylogenetic trees, Typhlocybini and Zyginellini clustered into one clade, showing a more closed relationship.